`
`
`
`
`
`(Only for new nonprovisional applications under 37 CFR 1,53(b))
`
`
`
`
`Commissionerfor Patents
`APPLICATION ELEMENTS
`P.O. Box 1450
`ADDRESS TO:
`See MPEP chapter 600 concerningutility patent application contents.
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`
`1.[__] Fee Transmittal Form
`ACCOMPANYING APPLICATION PAPERS
`(PTO/SB/17 or equivalent}
`
`
`2, | Applicantasserts small entity status.
`10. LI Assignment Papers
`
`
`See 37 CFR 1,27
`(cover sheet & document(s))
`
`3. [ Applicant certifies micro entity status. See 37 CFR 1.29,
`Nameof Assignee
`
`Applicant must attach form PTO/SB/L5Aor B or equivalent.
`
`
`
`
`Both the claims and abstract must start on a new page.
`(when there Is an assignee)
`
`
`(See MPEP § 608,01(a)for information on the preferred arrangement}
`12, [| English Translation Document
`
`
`5.[¥] prawing(s) (35 U.S.C. 143)
`[Total Sheets 21
`]
`lif applicable)
`
`
`6. Inventor’s Oath or Declaration
`[Total Pages
`Information Disclosure Statement
`(including substitute statements under 37 CFR 1.64 and assignments
`(PTO/SB/08 or PTO-1449)
`
`
`serving as an oath or declaration under 37 CFR 1.63(e)}
`[| Copiesof citations attached
`a. [| Newly executed (original or copy}
`14, Cl Preliminary Amendment
`b.[ ] A copy froma prior application (37 CFR 1.63(d))
`45. [] Return Receipt Postcard
`
`7.[¥]| Application Data Sheet—* See note below. (MPEP § 503) (Should be specifically itemized)
`See 37 CFR 1.76 (PTO/AIA/14 orequivalent)
`16. C] Certified Copy of Priority Document(s)
`CD-ROM or CD-R
`(ifforeign priority is claimed)
`in duplicate, large table, or Computer Program (Appendix)
`7. [| Nonpublication Request
`| Landscape Table on CD
`Under35 U.S.C, 122(b}(28){i}. Applicant must attach form PTO/SB/35
`9, Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Submission
`or equivalent,
`(if applicable, Items a. -c. are required)
`18. C Other:
`
`a. [| Computer Readable Form (CRF)
`
`b, | Specification SequenceListing on:
`
`i, [] CD-ROM or CD-R (2 copies); or
`ii. [| Paper
`G | Statements verifying identity of above copies
`*Note: (1) Benefit claims under 37 CFR 1.78 and foreign priority claims under 1.55 mustbe included in an Application Data Sheet (ADS).
`(2) For applicationsfiled under 35 U.S.C. 111, the application must contain an ADSspecifying the applicantif the applicantis an
`assignee, person to whom theinventoris under an obligation to assign, or person who otherwise showssufficient proprietary
`interest in the matter. See 37 CFR 1.46(b).
`19. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
`
`13.
`
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`8.
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`
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`
`
`
`
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`
`
`
`
`PTO/AIA/15 (03-13)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014, OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`i
`i
`'s a valid OMB control number
`i
`d.to a collection of information unlessit displa
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 no persons are required to respon
`
`
`Attorney Docket No.
`9653-7TSCT?2
`UTILITY
`
`First Named inventor|Steven Francis LeBoeuf
`PATENT APPLICATION
`
`TRANSMITTAL
`
`Express Mail Label No.
`
`
`
`[Total Pages 51 )]44. C] 37 CFR 3.73(c) Statement Powerof Attorney
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`OR [] Correspondence address below
`The address associated with Customer Number: 20792
` Name
`
`
`
`Address
`Zip Code
`cy [state
`
`
`Country
`Telephone|mail|
`
`
`
`'
`a ee
`a
`February 19, 2014
`Signature
`AD Sood
`
`
`
`
`Name
`wr
`‘
`Registration No.
`
`(Print/type)|Needham J. Boddie,Il (Attorney/Agent)|40,519
`
`
`
`
`
`Thiscollection of informationis required by 37 CFR 1.53(b). The information is required to obtain orretain a benefit by the public whichIstofile (and by the USPTO
`to process} an application. Confidentiality is governed by 35 U.S.C. 122 and 37 CFR 1.11 and 1.14. This collection is estimated to take 12 minutes ta complete,
`including gathering, preparing, and submitting the completed application form to the USPTO.Timewill vary depending upon the individual case. Any comments on
`the amountof time you require to complete this form and/or suggestions for reducing this burden, should be sent to the Chief Information Officer, U.S, Patent and
`Trademark Office, U.S. Department of Commerce, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450. DO NOT SEND FEES OR COMPLETED FORMSTO THIS ADDRESS. SEND
`TO: Commissioner for Patents, P.O, Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450.
`ifyou need assistance in completing theform, cail 1-800-PTO-9199 andselect option 2.
`
`.
`
`Apple Inc
`APL1002
`US. Patent No. 8,923,941
`
`0001
`
`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
`
`Apple Inc.
`APL1002
`U.S. Patent No. 8,923,941
`
`0001
`
`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
`
`

`

`PUTAEM LE Ze bop
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014, OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1996, no persons are required to respondto a collection of information unlessit contains a valid OMB control number.
`
`
`
`
`Attorney Docket Number|9653-7TSCT2
`
`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`
`
`
`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`
`Title of Invention
`
`Application Number
`
`
`The application data sheetis part of the provisional or nonprovisionalapplication for which it is being submitted. The following form contains the
`bibliographic data arrangedin a format specified by the United States Patent and Trademark Office as outlined in 37 CFR 1.76.
`This document may be completed electronically and submitted to the Office in electronic format using the Electronic Filing System (EFS)or the
`document maybeprinted and included in a paper filed application.
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`
`
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`
`Secrecy Order 37 CFR 5.2
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`
`g Portions orall of the application associated with this Application Data Sheet may fall under a Secrecy Order pursuantto
`37 CFR 5.2 (Paper filers only. Applications that fall under Secrecy Order may notbefiled electronically.)
`
`Inventor Information:
`
`Inventor
`Legal Name
`
`1
`
`
`
`
`
`Prefix] Given Name
`
`Middle Name
`
`Family Name
`
`
`ResidenceInformation (Select One) @) US Residency
`(© NonUS Residency
`() Active US Military Service
`
`
`Gity|Raleigh State/Province|NC Country of Residencd
`
`Mailing Address of Inventor:
`
`824 Historian Street
`Address 1
`
`|Address 2
`
`City
`Raleigh
`State/Province
`
`Inventor
`Legal Name
`
`2
`
`
`
`_ Remove|
`
`
`
`Prefix! Given Name
`
`Middle Name
`
`Family Name
`
`Suffix
`
`
`(©) Active US Military Service
`(©) NonUSResidency
`(@) US Residency
`Residence Information (Select One)
`
`City|Knightdale Country of Residencd|USState/Province
`
`
`
`
`Mailing Address of Inventor:
`Address 1
`| 3701 Ramsey Creek Drive
`
`Address 2
`|
`
`
`Knightdale
`
`Postal Code
`
`27545
`
`3
`Inventor
`Legal Name
`Prefix,GivenName Middle Name
`
`State/Province
`Us
`
`NC
`
`
`
`
`
`Family Name
`
`Suffix
`
`"Remove
`
`ResidenceInformation (Select One)
`
`(@) US Residency
`
`©) NonUSResidency
`
`ECG Wink 0044
`
`0002
`
`(©) Active US Military Service
`
`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
`
`0002
`
`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
`
`

`

`PRUEEt Leela
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unlessit contains a valid OMB control number.
`9653-7TSCT2
`
`
`
`Attorney Docket Number
`
`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`
`
`Application Number
`Title of invention
`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`Country of Residencd
`Raleigh
`State/Province
`
`Mailing Address of Inventor:
`
`Address1
`
`Address 2
`
`City
`
`Raleigh
`
`2218 TheCircle
`
`State/Province
`
`NC
`
`
`
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`Inventors Must Be Listed - Additional
`All
`generated within this form by selecting the Add button.
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`CorrespondenceInformation:
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`[_] An Addressis being provided for the correspondenceInformation of this application.
`Customer Number
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`
` Add Emall - RemoveEmail
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`Application Information:
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`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING
`PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`
`96553-7TSCT2
`Small Entity Status Claimed [|
`Attorney Docket Number!
`
`
`Nonprovisional
`Application Type
`
`Subject Matter
`Utility
`Total Number of Drawing Sheets (if any)
`
`Title of the Invention
`
`Suggested Figure for Publication (if any)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Filing By Reference :
`
`Only complete this section whenfiling an application by reference under 35 U.S.C. 111(c) and 37 CFR 1.57(a). Do not completethis section if
`application papers including a specification and any drawingsare beingfiled. Any domestic benefit or foreign priority information must be
`provided in the appropriate section(s) below(i.e, ‘Domestic Benefit/National Stage Information” and “Foreign Priority Information’).
`
`Application numberof the previously
`
`Filing date (YYYY-MM-DD)
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`Intellectual Property Authority or Country
`
`|i
`referenceto the previously filed application, subject to conditions and requirements of 37 CFR 1.57{a). Forthepurposesofafilingdateunder37CFR1.53(b),thedescriptionandanydrawingsofthepresentapplicationarereplacedbythis
`filed application
` Request Not to Publish. | hereby request that the attached application not be published under
`
`Publication Information:
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`[-] Request Early Publication (Fee required at time of Request 37 CFR 1.219)
`
`
`
`35 U.S.C. 122(b) and certify that the invention disclosed in the attached application has not and will not be the
`subject of an applicationfiled in another country, or under a multilateralinternational agreement, that requires
`publication at eighteen monthsafter filing.
`Boe Win 7944
`
`0003
`
`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
`
`0003
`
`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
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`

`

`DONA It Ler be)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it contains a valid OMB control number,
`
`
`
`Attorney Docket Number|9653-7TSCT2
`
`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`
`Application Number
`
`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`Title of Invention
`MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`
`
`Representative Information:
`
`Representative information should be provided for all practitioners having a power of attorney in the application. Providing
`this information in the Application Data Sheet does not constitute a powerof attorney in the application (see 37 CFR 1.32).
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`Domestic Benefit/National Stage Information:
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`This section allowsfor the applicantto either claim benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e), 120, 121, or 365(c) or indicate National Stage
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`by 35 U.S.C. 119(e) or 120, and 37 CFR 1.78,
`Whenreferring to the currentapplication, please leave the application numberblank,
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`Prior Application Status|Pending
`
`
`
`
`
`Filing Date (YYYY-MM-DD)
`Prior Application Number
`Continuity Type
`Application Number
`2010-01-21
`
`
`12691388
`Continuation of
`
`
`
`Prior Application Status|Expired
` Application Number
`
`
`Filing Date (YYYY-MM-DD)
`Continuity Type
`Prior Application Number
`
`
`2009-02-25
`
`61208567
`
`
`
`
`12691388
`
`Claims benefit of provisional
`
`Prior Application Status
`
`
`
`Continuity Type
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Application Number Prior Application Number|Filing Date (YYYY-MM-DD)Continuity Type
`
`
`
`
`
`
`61212444
`2009-04-13
`Claims benefit of provisional
`12691388
`
`
`
`Prior Application Number
`Filing Date (YYYY-MM-DD)
`Continuity Type
`Application Number
`
`61274191 | 2009-08-14
`
`Claims benefit of provisional
`12691388
`Additional Domestic Benefit/National Stage Data may be generated within this form
`by selecting the Add button.
`
`
`
`Foreign Priority Information:
`
`Ree Wink 9944
`
`0004
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`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
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`
`
`
`
`Application Number
`12691388
`
`Claims benefit of provisional
`
`0004
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`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
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`

`

`TOP UHAIEY M44 Lee boy
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Underthe Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respondto a callection of information unlessit contains a valid OMB control number.
`
`Attorney Docket Number|9653-7TSCT2
`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`
`Application Number
`
`Title of Invention
`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`
`
`This section allows for the applicantto claim priority to a foreign application. Providing this information in the application data sheet
`
`constitutes the claim forpriority as required by 35 U.S.C. 119(b) and 37 CFR 1.55(d). Whenpriority is claimed to a foreign application
`that is eligible for retrieval under the priority document exchange program (PDX)! the information will be used by the Office to
`
`automatically attempt retrieval pursuant to 37 CFR 1.55(h)(1) and (2). Under the PDX program,applicant bears the ultimate
`responsibility for ensuring that a copy ofthe foreign application is received by the Office from the participating foreign intellectual
`property office, or a certified copy of the foreign priority applicationis filed, within the time period specified in 37 CFR 1.55(g)(1).
`
`
`
`
`[Reno|
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`Application Number
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`
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`Additional Foreign Priority Data may be generated within this form by selecting the
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`Statement under 37 CFR 1.55 or 1.78 for AIA (First Inventor to File) Transition
`Applications
`
`This application (1) claimspriority to or the benefit of an application filed before March 16, 2013 and (2) also
`contains, or containedat any time, a claim to a claimed invention that has an effectivefiling date on or after March
`[_] 16, 2013.
`
`
`NOTE: Byproviding this statement under 37 CFR 1.55 or 1.78, this application, withafiling date on orafter March
`
`
`16, 2013, will be examined underthe first inventor to file provisions of the AIA.
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`
`
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`Authorization to Permit Access:
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`Authorization to Permit Access to the Instant Application by the Participating Offices |
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`EES Wink 9914
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`0005
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`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
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`0005
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`

`TMP ee)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERGE
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`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no personsare required to respondto a collection of information unlessIt contains a valld OMB control number.
`
`Attorney Docket Number|9663-7TSCT2
`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`—
`
`Title of Invention|MotioN-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`
`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`
`If checked, the undersigned hereby grants the USPTO autharity to provide the European Patent Office (EPO),
`the Japan Patent Office (JPO), the KoreanIntellectual Property Office (KIPO), the World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO),
`and anyother intellectual property offices in which a foreign application claiming priority to the instant patent application
`is filed access to the instant patent application. See 37 CFR 1.14(c) and (h). This box should not be checkedif the applicant
`does not wish the EPO, JPO, KIPO, WIPO, or otherintellectual property office in which a foreign application claiming priority
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`In accordance with 37 CFR 1.14(h)(3), access will be provided to a copy of the instant patent application with respect
`to: 1) the instant patent application-as-filed; 2) any foreign application to which the instant patent application
`claimspriority under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) if a copy of the foreign application that satisfies the certified copy requirementof
`37 CFR 1.55 has beenfiled in the instant patent application; and 3) any U.S. application-as-filed from which benefitis
`soughtin the instant patent application.
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`In accordance with 37 CFR 1.14(c), access may be provided to information concerningthe dateof filing this Authorization.
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`Providing assignment information in this section does not substitute for compliance with any requirementofpart 3 ofTitle 37 of CFR
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`|
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`
`
`Nameof the Deceased or Legally Incapacitated Inventor:
`lf the Applicant is an Organization check here.
`x]
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`Organization Name
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`Valencell, Inc.
`
`Mailing Address Information For Applicant:
`
`Address1
`
`Address 2
`
`2800-154 SumnerBlvd.
`
`Raleigh
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`
`
`State/Province
`Postal Code
`
`NC
`27616
`
`Phone Number
`
`ROO Wink 99 44
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`Fax Number
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`0006
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`FITBIT, Ex. 1002
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`1
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`If the applicant is the inventor (or the remainingjoint inventor or inventors under 37 CFR 1.45), this section should not be completed.
`Theinformation to be provided in this section is the name and addressof the legal representative whois the applicant under 37 CFR
`1.43; or the name and addressof the assignee, person to whomtheinventoris under an obligation to assign the invention, or person
`whootherwise showssufficient proprietary interestin the matter whois the applicant under 37 CFR 1.46.If the applicantis an
`applicant under 37 CFR 1.46 (assignee, person to whomtheinventoris obligated to assign, or person who otherwise showssufficient
`proprietary interest) together with one or morejoint inventors, then the joint inventor or inventors who are also the applicant should be
`identified in this section.
`
`
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`(@) Assignee
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`© Person who showssufficient proprietary interest
`© Persan to whomtheinventoris obligated to assign.
`If applicantis the legal representative, indicate the authorityto file the patent application, the inventoris:
`
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`©) Legal Representative under 35 U.S.C. 117
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`TANIA 1 VIZ 10)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. OMB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respondto a collection of information unlessIt contains a valid OMB control number,
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`9653-7TSCT2
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`Attorney Docket Number
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`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`—
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`
`Application Number
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`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`
`Title of Invention
`MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
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`
`Email Address
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`Additional Applicant Data may be generated within this form by selecting the Add button.
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`Assignee Information including Non-Applicant Assignee Information:
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`Complete this section if assignee information, including non-applicant assignee information, is desired to be included on the patent
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`
`Prefix
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`Given Name
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`Family Name
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`L]
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`Mailing Address Information For Assignee including Non-Applicant Assignee:
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`certifications.
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`2 Biddle E
`Date (YYYY-MM-DD)}
`2014-02-19
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`First Name|Needham J. Last Name
`Boddie,II
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`Leeei
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014, OMB 0661-0032
`U.S, Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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`Application Number
` Attorney Docket Number
`
`9653-7TSCT2
`
`
`
`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
`
`Title of Invention|WoTiON-RELATED INFORMATION
`
`
`
`Application Data Sheet 37 CFR 1.76
`
`—
`
`This collection of information is required by 37 CFR 1.76. The information is required to obtain or retain a benefit by the public which
`is to file (and by the USPTOto process) an application. Confidentiality is governed by 35 U.S.C. 122 and 37 CFR 1.14. This
`collection is estimated to take 23 minutes to complete, including gathering, preparing, and submitting the completed application data
`sheet form to the USPTO. Timewill vary depending upon theindividual case. Any comments on the amountoftime you require to
`complete this form and/or suggestionsfor reducing this burden, should be sent to the Chief Information Officer, U.S. Patent and
`Trademark Office, U.S. Department of Commerce, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450. DO NOT SEND FEES OR
`COMPLETED FORMS TO THIS ADDRESS. SEND TO: Commissionerfor Patents, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450.
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`Attorney Docket No. 9653-7TSCT2
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`METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING DATA STRINGS
`CONTAINING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOTION-RELATED INFORMATION
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`RELATED APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a continuation application of pending U.S. Patent
`Application Serial No. 12/691,388, filed January 21, 2010, which claims the benefit
`of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/208,567filed
`02/25/2009, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/208,574filed 02/25/2009,
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/212,444filed 4/13/2009, and U.S.
`Provisional Patent Application No. 61/274,191 filed 8/14/2009, the disclosures of
`which are incorporated herein by reference asif set forth in their entireties.
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`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
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`The present invention relates generally to headsets and, more
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`particularly, to headset earbuds.
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`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
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`There is growing market demandfor personal health and
`environmental monitors, for example, for gauging overall health and metabolism
`during exercise, athletic training, dieting, daily life activities, sickness, and
`physical therapy. However, traditional health monitors and environmental
`monitors may be bulky, rigid, and uncomfortable — generally not suitable for use
`during daily physicalactivity. There is also growing interest in generating and
`comparing health and environmental exposurestatistics of the general public
`and particular demographic groups. For example,collective statistics may enable
`the healthcare industry and medical community to direct healthcare resources to
`where they are mosthighly valued. However, methods of collecting these
`statistics may be expensive and laborious, often utilizing human-based
`recording/analysis steps at multiple sites.
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`As such, improved ways of collecting, storing and analyzing
`physiological information are needed. In addition, improved ways of seamlessly
`extracting physiological information from a person during everydaylife activities,
`especially during high activity levels, may be important for enhancingfitness
`training and healthcarequality, promoting and facilitating prevention, and
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`reducing healthcare costs.
`
`SUMMARY
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`It should be appreciated that this Summary is provided to introduce
`a selection of concepts in a simplified form, the concepts being further described
`below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key
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`features or essential features of this disclosure, nor is it intendedto limit the
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`scope ofthe invention.
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`According to some embodiments of the present invention, a
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`headset configured to be attached to the ear of a person includes a base, an
`earbud housing extending outwardly from the base thatis configured to be
`positioned within an ear of a subject, and a cover surrounding the earbud
`housing. The base includes a speaker, an optical emitter, and an optical
`detector. The cover includes light transmissive material that is in optical
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`communication with the optical emitter and the optical detector and serves as a
`light guide to deliver light from the optical emitter into the ear canal of the subject
`wearing the headset at one or more predetermined locations and to collectlight
`external to the earbud housing and deliver the collected light to the optical
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`detector. The optical emitter, via the light-guiding cover, directs optical energy
`towards a particular region of ear and the optical detector detects secondary
`optical energy emanating from the ear region. In some embodiments, the optical
`detector may include an optical filter configured to pass secondary optical energy
`at selective wavelengths. In some embodiments, the light transmissive material
`of the cover may be configured, for example via the use of cladding and/orlight
`reflective material, such that the cover serves asa light guide that is coupled in
`parallel to the optical emitter and detector. In some embodiments, thelight
`transmissive material of the cover may be configured, for example via the use of
`cladding and/orlight reflective material, such that the cover servesasa light
`guide that is coupled perpendicularto the optical emitter and detector.
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`Attorney Docket No. 653-7TSCT2
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`In some embodiments, the headset may include various electronic
`
`components secured to the base. For example, the headset mayinclude one or
`more environmental sensors configured to detect and/or measure environmental
`
`conditionsin a vicinity of the headset. The headset mayinclude a signal
`processor configured to receive and process signals producedby the optical
`detector. For example, in some embodiments, a signal processor may be
`configured to extract secondary optical energy and remove optical noise or
`environmental noise. The headset may include a signal processor configured to
`receive and process signals produced by the one or more environmental
`sensors. In addition, the headset may include a transmitter configured to transmit
`signals processed by the signal processor to a remote devicein real time.
`Headsets according to embodiments of the present invention mayutilize, for
`example, Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, or other wireless transmitters.
`In some embodiments, a housing is secured to and overlies the
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`base so as to enclose and protect the speaker, optical emitter and optical
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`detector, as well as other electronic components secured to the base (e.g.,
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`sensors, processor, transmitter etc.).
`The earbud housing is in acoustical communication with the
`speaker and hasat least one aperture through which sound from the speaker
`can pass. Thelight-guiding cover surrounding the earbud housing also includes
`at least one aperture through which sound from the speaker can pass. The cover
`may be formed from a soft, resilient material, such as silicone which deforms
`when inserted within an ear canal of a subject. In some embodiments, the cover
`
`includes an alignment member thatfacilitates alignment of the earbud housing
`
`within an ear canal of a subject.
`Light directed into the ear of a subject from a light emitter and the
`subsequentcollection of light at a light detector, according to embodiments of
`the present invention, may beutilized for detecting and/or measuring, among
`other things, body temperature, skin temperature, blood gas levels, muscle
`tension, heart rate, blood flow, cardiopulmonary functions, etc.
`
`In some embodiments of the present invention, the light-guiding
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`cover may include a lens that is in optical communication with the optical emitter
`and/or optical detector. The lens may be configured to focus light emitted by the
`optical emitter and/or to focus collected light toward the optical detector. In some
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`embodiments, multiple lenses may be incorporated into a light-guiding cover.
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`In some embodiments, the light-quiding cover may include a light
`
`diffusion region in optical communication with the light transmissive material that
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`diffuses light emitted by the optical detector.
`
`In some embodiments, the light-guiding cover may include a
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`luminescence-generating region, such as a phosphor-containing region, thatis in
`optical communication with the light transmissive material. The luminescence-
`generating region may be embeddedwithin the light-guiding cover and/or ona
`surface of the light-guiding cover. The luminescence-generating region is
`configured to receive light emitted by the optical emitter and convert at least a
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`portion of the received light to light having a different wavelength from that of the
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`received light.
`In some embodiments, the light-guiding cover includes one or more
`grooves formed therein. Each grooveis configured to direct external light to the
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`optical detector.
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`In some embodiments, the light transmissive material of the light-
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`guiding coveris configured to direct light from the optical emitter to a plurality of
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`locations at an outer surface of the cover for delivery into an ear canal of a
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`subject.
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`In some embodiments, the light transmissive material of the light-
`guiding cover is a translucent material or includes translucent material in
`selected locations.
`
`In some embodiments, a light reflective material is on at leasta
`portion of one or both of the inner and outer surfaces of the light-guiding cover.
`According to some embodiments of the present invention, a light-
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`guiding earbud for a headset includes light transmissive material that is in optical
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`communication with an optical emitter and optical detector associated with the
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`headset. The light transmissive material is configured to deliver light from the
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`optical emitter into the ear canal of a subject at one or more predetermined
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`locations and to collect light external to the earbud housing and deliver the
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`collected light to the optical detector. In some embodiments, the light emitter and
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`light detector may be integral with the earbud. For example, in some
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`embodiments, a flexible optical emitter is incorporated within the earbud andis in
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`optical communication with the light transmissive material.
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`In some embodiments, an earbud includes at least one lens in
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`optical communication with the light transmissive material. Each lens may be
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`configured to focus light from the optical emitter onto one or more predetermined
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`locations in the ear of a subject and/or to focus collected external light onto the
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`optical detector
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`In some embodiments of the present invention, an earbud may
`
`include luminescent material. Luminescent light is generated from optical
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`excitation of the luminescent material by an optical emitter.
`In some embodiments of the present invention, an earbud may
`integrate a sensor module containing a plurality of sensor elementsfor
`measuring physiological information and at least one noise source for measuring
`noise information. A "noise source", as used herein, refers to a sensor, such as
`
`an optical sensor, inertial sensor, electrically conductive sensor, capacitive
`
`sensor, inductive sensor, etc., and derives it name from the fact that it is a
`
`source of inputto a filter, such as an adaptivefilter described below.
`
`The physiological sensors of the sensor module may generate a
`signal that includes physiological information plus noise information. The noise
`may be removed by combining the physiological information and noise
`information from the sensor module with noise information from the noise source
`
`of the sensor module via an electronic filtering method, such as a signal
`
`processing technique. Specific examples of such signal processing techniques
`include FIR (Finite Impulse Response), IIR (Infinite Impulse Response),
`informatics, machine learning, and adaptivefilter methods. The output of the
`adaptivefi