BY HARRY NEWTON
`
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`SUPERSEDED
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`TK
`5102
`.N485
`2000
`
`ewton, Harry
`Newton's telecom dictionary,
`16th ed. : the official
`dictionary of
`telecommunications
`
`COOLEY GODWARD KRONISH LLP
`
`LIBRARY
`
`COOLEY GODWARD
`KRONISH LLP
`HN LIBRARY
`
`DEMCO
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`NEWTON'S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`copyright © 2000 Harry Newton
`Email: Harry Newton @ Technologylnvestor.com
`Personal web site: www.HarryNewton.com
`
`rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright conventions,
`All
`including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever.
`
`Published by Telecom Books
`An imprint of CMP Media Inc.
`12 West 21 Street
`New York, NY 10010
`
`ISBN # 1-57820-053-9
`
`Sixteenth Edition, Expanded and Updated, February 2000
`
`Forindividual orders, and for information on special discounts for quantity orders,
`please contact:
`
`Telecom Books
`6600 Silacci Way
`Gilroy, CA 95020
`Tel: 800-LIBRARY or 408-848-3854
`FAX: 408-848-5784
`Email: telecom @ rushorder.com
`
`Distributed to the book trade in the U.S. and Canada by
`Publishers Group West
`1700 Fourth St., Berkeley, CA 94710
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
`
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`
`
`NEWTON’s
`TELECOM
`DICTIONARY
`The Official Dictionary of
`Telecommunications & the Internet
`
`
`
`16th Updated, Expanded and Much
`Improved Edition
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`NEWTON’S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`compresses information within a single frame. Compare to
`Interframe Coding.
`InfraLATA Telecommunications services that originate and
`terminate in the same Local Access and Transport Area. See
`also Local Access and Transport Area. This can be either
`Interstate or Intrastate service, traffic or facilities.
`Intramodal Distortion |n an optical fiber, the distortion
`resulting from dispersion of group velocity of a propagating
`mode. It is the only form of multi modedistortion occurring
`in single-modefibers.
`Intranet A private network that uses Internet software and
`Internet standards. In essence, anIntranetis a private Internet
`reserved for use by people who have been given the authori-
`ty and passwords necessary to use that network. Those peo-
`ple are typically employees and often customers of a compa-
`ny. An Intranet might use circuits also used by the Internet or
`it might not. Companies are increasingly using Intranets —
`internal Web servers — to give their employees easy access
`to corporate information.
`According to my friends at Strategic Networks Consulting,
`Boiled down to Its simplest, an Intranet is: a private network
`environment built around Internet technologies and standards
`— predominantly the World Wide Web. The primary user
`interface, called a Web browser, accesses Web serverslocat-
`ed locally, remotely or on the Internet. The Web serveris the
`heart of an Intranet, making selection of Web server software
`a crucial decision, even though muchfanfare has focused on
`browsers (Netscape’s Navigator vs. Microsoft's Explorer).
`At
`its core, a Web server handles two arcane languages
`(HTML and CGI) that are the meat and potatoes of generating
`Web pages dynamically, making connections and responding
`to user requests. But in the rush to dominate the potentially
`lucrative Intranet market,
`these simple Web functions are
`being bundled into operating systems and vendors are now
`touting pricey “Intranet suites" which encompass everything
`from database and application interfaces, to e-mail and news-
`groups,to the kitchen sink.
`Most medium- or larger-sized companies will need more than
`just a handful of simple Web servers to deploy a reasonably
`robustIntranet. To help a companypost current job openings,
`or make up-to-date product specs and available inventory
`accessible by traveling sales reps, an Intranet needs the fol-
`lowing capabilities:
`© Database access. Getting at critical data housed in corpo-
`rate databases can be accomplished via generic, universal
`ODBClinking or based on “native” links directly to Sybase,
`Oracle et al. allowing useofall the database's features.
`© Application hooks. Used by developers, a standard pro-
`gramming interface (API) allows outside applications like
`Lotus Notesto interact with Web data and vice versa. In addi-
`tion, proprietary APIs exist — most notably Microsoft's ISAPI
`(for “Internet Server API") which lets developers link directly
`to Microsoft applications.
`© User publishing. In addition to dialogues via chat/news-
`group/bulletin board features, users will want to post their
`own content on Web servers without having to attain
`Webmaster status.
`© Search vehicles. How does an engineer find the current
`specs on Project #686-2 among thousands of pages spread
`across a bunch of Web servers? The answer: an indexing and
`search engine that creates an internal Yahoo! for your own
`Websites.
`© Admin/management. A catch-all for loads of important, but
`still ill-conceived features for managing access, users, con-
`
`451
`
`HTTP
`NFS
`IMAP4/SMTP
`DNS/NIS+
`DNS/LDAP
`Bootp/DHCP
`SNMP
`IlOP (CORBA)
`
`tent and the servers themselves. Intranet administrators are
`currently fascinated with analyzing Web server logs which
`contain data of some sort, including user connections and
`page activity.
`According to a white paper released by Sun Microsystemsin
`the summer of 1996, the basic infrastructure for an intranet
`consists of an internal TCP/IP network connecting servers
`and desktops, which may or may not be connected to the
`Internet through a firewall. The intranet provides services to
`desktops via standard open Internet protocols. In addition to
`TCP/IP for basic network communication, these also include
`protocols for:
`Browsing
`File Service
`Mail Service
`Naming Service
`Directory Services
`Booting Services
`Network Administration
`Object Services
`See also Extranet and Intranet.
`Intranodal Service Intranodal service is a feature of
`somecentral office switches and smaller remote switches.It
`means thatit will continue to switch in which
`Intranode Communications path which originates andter-
`minates in the same node.
`Intraoffice Call A call involving only one switching system.
`Intraoffice Trunk A telephone channel between two
`pieces of equipment within the same central office.
`Intrapreneur An entrepreneur who works inside a big
`company. Hence,
`intra, as in inside. Its hard to imagine it
`actually happening. But the word has became popular as a
`way for large companies to motivate their employeesto take
`personal career risks and introduce new products.
`Intrastate Services,traffic or facilities that originate and
`terminate within the same state. Therefore,if related to tele-
`phone,falling under the jurisdiction of that state’s telephone
`regulatory procedures.
`Intrastructure A term coined by “Data Communications”
`and referring to the software, hardware, and Internet services
`underlying a corporateIntranet.
`Intrinsic Joint Loss That loss in optical power transmis-
`sion, intrinsic to the opticalfiber, caused by fiber parameters,
`e.g., dimensions, profile parameter, mode field diameter, mis-
`matches when two non identical fibers are joined.
`Intrinsi¢s Intrinsics are a component of many windows
`toolkits. The windows toolkit intrinsics definition has been
`developed by the MIT X Consortium. Theintrinsics define the
`function of specific graphical user
`interface and window
`objects. They do not define any particular look orfeel, just the
`function. Example: A pull down menu intrinsic would define
`the function of a pull down menu within a toolkit but not the
`appearanceofit.
`Intrusive Test Breaking a circuit in orderto test its func-
`tionality. Testing intrusively will drop service on thecircuit.
`INTUG International Telecommunications Users Group.
`Intumescent Firestop A firestopping material
`expands underthe influence of heat.
`Inverse ARPA See Reverse DNS.
`Inverse Fourier Transform Inversion of Fourier trans-
`form to convert frequency representation of signalto time rep-
`resentation.
`Inverse Multiplexer |-Mux. An inverse multiplexer per-
`forms the inverse function of a multiplexer. “Multiplexer”
`
`that
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`The Official Dictionary
`of Telecommunications
`Networking & the Internet
`
`by Harry Newton
`with Ray Horak
`contributing editor
`
`9 *781578'200535
`
`Harry Newton
`Harry Newton has 30 years in telecommunications. He
`founded LAN (now Network) Magazine,
`the first net-
`working magazine. He founded the three leading month-
`ly telecom magazines- Call Center, Computer Telephony,
`and Teleconnect. He also founded the enormously suc-
`cessful trade show, Computer Telephony Conference and
`Exposition (CT Expo). He is (of late) a successful angel
`(early venture capitalist) in telecom. Recently he started a new monthly
`magazine, Technology Investor Magazine. For a
`subscription go to
`www.lfechnologyInvestor.com. Newton holds an MBA from the Harvard
`Business School and an Economics undergraduate degree from the
`University of Sydney, Australia. He is not an engineer. But he knows
`enough to be dangerous in front of them. And that, he says,is the skill.
`$32.95 - isBN 1-57820-053-9
`53295 (>
`
`16" Updated & Expanded Edition
`
`| wrote this book for those of us new and old to the world’s most excit-
`ing industries - telecommunications, networking and the Internet. | delib-
`erately didn’t write a technical book.
`| wrote a business book.
`| explain
`technical concepts in non-technical, business language that anyone in
`business can understand. Some of my definitions are short. Some are
`encyclopedic. My focusis totally practical. What the term means. How it
`fits into the framework of the greater industry. How you can benefit.
`Whichpitfalls to watch for. Use this book in your day-to-day businesslife.
`Dip into it before a meeting with a vendor, a customeror a boss. Dip into
`it as you write or read a sales proposal. I’ve got 19 yearsin this book. By
`now,it’s getting pretty darn good.
`
`Telecom Books An imprint of CMP Media Inc.
`6600 Silacci Way, Gilroy, CA 95020 B 408-848-3854
`Fax 408-848-5784 8 www.telecombooks.com
`
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