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`Protein Data Bank - Chronology | NSF - National Science Foundation
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`
`
`Fact Sheet
`Protein Data Bank - Chronology
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`Timeline for Structural Biology and the Protein Data Bank
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`Myoglobin, the first protein structure to be determined at high resolution.
`Credit and Larger Version (/news/news_images.jsp?cntn_id=100689&org=NSF)
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`January 21, 2004
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`1913
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`1957
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`X-ray diffraction: Max von Laue, William Henry Bragg, and William Lawrence Bragg
`discover that crystals diffract X-rays, producing an orderly pattern that can be used to
`deduce the location of every atom in the crystal.
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`Muscle's myoglobin, the first protein structure revealed: After 22 years of work, John
`Kendrew of the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge (UK) uses X-ray diffraction to
`determine the 3-dimensional structure of myoglobin, the first protein to have its structure
`determined. Kendrew and Max Perutz received the 1962 Nobel Prize for their work on
`protein structure determination. During the next decade, fewer than a dozen structures of
`proteins would be determined.
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`1967
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`Protein Data Bank - Chronology | NSF - National Science Foundation
`First American groups to solve a protein structure: Two teams announce the structure
`of a ribonuclease: One was from the Roswell Park Memorial Institute (now the Roswell Park
`Cancer Institute) (See G. Kartha, J. Bello, and D. Harker. “Tertiary structure of
`ribonuclease.” Nature (1967) 213 ,862-65.) The other was from Yale University. (See H. W.
`Wyckoff, K. D. Hardman, N. M. Allewell, T. Inagami, D. Tsernoglou, L. N. Johnson, and F.
`M. Richards, “The structure of ribonuclease-S at 6 Å resolution” J. Biol. Chem. (1967), 242,
`3749-3753.)
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`Summer, 1971 Idea hatches for repository: At a Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on “Structure and
`Function of Proteins at the Three-Dimensional Level,” participants propose the
`development of a dual repository in the United Kingdom and U.S. for macromolecular
`structure information. Walter Hamilton of the Department of Energy volunteers to set up the
`U.S. component at Brookhaven National Laboratory
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`Oct. 1971
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`Protein Data Bank established: The establishment of the Protein Data Bank at
`Brookhaven is announced in Nature New Biology (see “Crystallography, Protein Data Bank
`[Announcement]”, Nature New Biology 233, 223). The new repository contains fewer than a
`dozen structures.
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`1975
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`1975
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`1980
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`1989
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`1990
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`1994
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`1995
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`NSF begins support: Thomas Koetzle, who assumed responsibility for the Protein Data
`Bank after Walter Hamilton’s untimely death, submits an unsolicited proposal to NSF. The
`first NSF award in support of the Protein Data Bank is made on November 1, 1975 (NSF-
`7518956).
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`Deposits: 18 structures are deposited in the Protein Data Bank in 1975, yielding a total of
`37depositions since its founding in 1971.
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`Deposits: 19 structures are deposited in 1980, bringing the total to 184 depositions since
`the founding of Protein Data Bank.
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`Protein Data Bank partnership grows: The Protein Data Bank becomes a broad,
`interagency endeavor when the Department of Energy (DOE) and components of the
`National Institutes of Health (NIH) join NSF in providing direct support for Protein Data
`Bank activities.
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`Deposits: 236 structures are deposited in Protein Data Bank in 1990, with a total of 951
`depositions since its founding.
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`Interagency support grows: Memorandum of Understanding signed by NSF, DOE, the
`National Library of Medicine, and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences
`(NIGMS) forms an interagency partnership for support of the Protein Data Bank.
`
`Renewed support for Protein Data Bank: Open competition results in award to Joel
`Sussman of the Brookhaven National Laboratory for continued support of the Protein Data
`Bank (DBI – 9510694).
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`2/4
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`Celltrion, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc.
`IPR2017-01374
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`Celltrion, Inc., Exhibit 1134
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`Protein Data Bank - Chronology | NSF - National Science Foundation
`RCSB given reins: Open competition (NSF 98-66) results in award (DBI-9814284) to the
`Research Collaboratory for Structural Biology (RCSB), which consists of groups led by
`Helen Berman (principal investigator) and John Westbrook of Rutgers University, Peter
`Arzberger and Phillip Bourne of the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of
`California at San Diego (SDSC/UCSD), and Gary Gilliland of the National Institute of
`Standards and Technology (NIST).
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`Deposits: 2,937 structures are deposited in Protein Data Bank in 2000, with a total of
`15,832 depositions since its founding.
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`MOM’s poster proteins: The Molecule of the Month, authored by David Goodsell of The
`Scripps Research Institute, begins its profiles of key and interesting biomolecular structures
`with myoglobin. Subsequent honorees include DNA, RNA, ribosomes, and anthrax toxin.
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`Agencies double: A new Memorandum of Understanding creates a broad coalition of eight
`federal agencies in support of the Protein Data Bank: NSF, DOE, NLM, NIGMS, National
`Cancer Institute (NCI), National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institute
`of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), and the National Institute of
`Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).
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`Global collaboration: The Protein Data Bank achieves formal, international status as an
`agreement for international management of the Protein Data Bank archives is announced in
`Nature Structural Biology. Signatories are the RCSB, the European Bioinformatics Institute
`(EBI) and the Institute for Protein Research at Osaka University. The partners are to serve
`as custodians of the worldwide Protein Data Bank, “with the goal of maintaining a single
`archive of macromolecular structural data that is freely and publicly available to the global
`community.”
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`Deposits: While the first protein structure took 22 years to solve, structures now come into
`Protein Data Bank at an average rate of more than 10 per day: more than 4,600 new
`deposits of molecular structures were made in 2003, bringing the total of accessible
`structures to nearly 24,000.
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`New era launched: With funding from eight federal agencies, the new five-year, $30 million
`management period begins with the RCSB.
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`12/28/2017
`1998
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`2000
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`2000
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`Aug. 2003
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`Dec. 2003
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`2003
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`2004
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`-NSF-
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`Media Contacts
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`3/4
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`Celltrion, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc.
`IPR2017-01374
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`Celltrion, Inc., Exhibit 1134
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`Protein Data Bank - Chronology | NSF - National Science Foundation
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`12/28/2017
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`4/4
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`Celltrion, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc.
`IPR2017-01374
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`4 of 4
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`Celltrion, Inc., Exhibit 1134
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