MeGRAW-HILL
`DICTIONARYOF
`SCIENTIFIC AND
`TECHNICAL
`TERMS
`Fifth Edition
`
`Sybil P. Parker
`Editor in Chief
`
`New York
`
`Auqyitsc v. RRSHbok IPRICHZ-01365"
`UYReeSEx. aves Page 1
`San Juan
`
`McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`San Francisco
`Washington, D.C.
`
`London
`Singapore
`
`Madrid
`Sydney
`
`Milan
`MexicoCity
`Tokyo
`Toronto
`
`
`
`Uniloc v. Facebook, IPR2017-01365
`Uniloc's Ex. 2003, Page 1
`
`

`

`On the cover: Photomicrographof crystalsofvitamin B,.
`(Dennis Kunkel, UniversityofHawaii)
`1
`
`
`
`
`
`\ |
`
`|
`|
`
`
`
`
`ished previously in the following works: P. B.
`
`Included in this Dictionary are definitions whi
`‘by McGraw-Hill, Inc. All rights reserved. J.
`Jordain, Condensed Computer Encyclopedia,
`Copy
`
`sht© 1960, 1966, 1978 by McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`Markus, Electronics and Nucleonics Dictionary, 4th
`
`Allrightsreserved.J. Quick,Artists’ andIllustrator
`dia,Copyright © 1969byMcGraw-Hill,Inc,All
`
`rightsreserved.Blakiston’sGouldMedicalDictionary,
`Copyright© 1956, 1972byMcGraw-Hill,Inc. All
`
`rights reserved. T. Baumeister and L. S. Marks, eds., Standard Handbookfor Mechanical Engineers, 7th ed.,
`
`righ
`Copyright © 1958, 1967 by McGraw-Hill, Inc. All
`
`In addition, material has been drawn from the following
`R. E. Huschke, Glossary ofMeteorology,
`
`
`American Meteorological Society, 1959; U.S. Air Force€
`Standardized Terms, AF Manual 11-1, vol.
`
`1, 1972; Communications-Electronics Terminology, AF}
`,vol. 3, 1970; W. H. Allen,ed., Dictionary
`ofTechnical Termsfor Aerospace Use, Ist ed., NationalAeronautics and Space Administration, 1965; J. M.
`Gilliland, Solar-TerrestrialPhysics: A Glossary ofTermsandAbbreviations,Royal Aircraft EstablishmentTech-
`nical Report 67158, 1967; Glossary ofAir Traffic Control
`Terms,Bederal Aviation Agency; A Glossary ofRange
`
`Terminology, White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico,
`sauof Standards, AD 467-424, A DOD
`
`
`Glossary ofMapping, Charting and Geodetic Terms, \sted.
`entofDefense, 1967; P. W.Thrush, comp.
`
`
`and ed.,A DictionaryofMining,Mineral,andRelatedTerms,
`Mines, 1968;NuclearTerms:A Glossary,
`£
`Di
`24 ed., Atomic Energy Commission; F. Casey, ed., Compilai ion of
`Teri
`is in Information Sciences Technology,
`FederalCouncil for ScienceandTechnology, 1970: GlossaryofStinfoTerminology,OfficeofAerospaceResearch,
`U.S. Air Force, 1963; NavalDictionary ofElectronic, Technical,andImperative Terms, Bureau ofNaval Person-
`nel, 1962; ADP Glossary, Departmentof the Navy, NAVSOP-3097.
`
`McGRAW-HILL DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC ANDTECHNICAL TERMS,
`Fifth Edition
`ee
`Copyright© 1994, 1989, 1984, 1978, 1976, 1974byMcGraw-Hill,Inc. Allrightsreserved.Printed inthe United
`States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part ofthis publication
`may bereproducedordistributed in any form or by any means,Ofstoredin a database or retrieval system, without
`the prior written permission of the publisher.
`oe te
`99876543
`1234567890
`DOW/DOW
`
`ISBN 0-07-042333-4
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`McGraw-Hill dictionary of scientific and technical terms/
`Sybil P. Parker, editor in chief..—5th ed.
`poem.
`ISBN 0-07-042333-4
`1. Science—Dictionaries.
`I. Parker, Sybil P.
`Q123.M34
`1993
`503—dc20
`
`2. Technology—Dictionaries.
`
`93-34772cIP
`
`INTERNATIONAL EDITION
`
`Copyright © 1994. Exclusive rights by McGraw-Hill,Inc. for manufacture and export. This bookcannot be re-
`exportedfromthe country towhichitisconsignedby McGraw-Hill.The International Editionis notavailable in
`Uniloc v. FacebodtetPR207-01365
`Uniloc's Ex.x. 2003,Page2...thistitle, use ISBN 0-07-113584-7.
`
`Uniloc v. Facebook, IPR2017-01365
`Uniloc's Ex. 2003, Page 2
`
`

`

` 1824
`
`[comput sci] A form
`signed decimal
`generate another which meets specified requirements for shape,
`amplitude, and timing. Also known as signal normalization.
`representation in which the low-order nibb]
`{ ‘signal ,stan-derda'za-shan }
`a sign bit that specifies whether the numbe
`ative.
`{ ‘sind 'des‘mol }
`signal station [comMmMUN]Aplace on shore at which signals
`are made to ships at sea.
`{ 'sig-nal ,sta-shon }
`signed field
`(comput sci] A field of «
`number which includesa sign digit indicatin
`signal strength [ELECTROMAG]
`Thestrength ofthe signal
`{ ‘sind 'féld }
`produced by a radio transmitter at a particular location, usually
`[comput sci] A wholer
`expressed as microvolts or millivolts per meter of effective
`signed integer
`lies anywhere in a domain that extends fi
`receiving antenna height.
`{ ‘signal ,strankth }
`signal-strength meter
`[ELECTR] A meter that is connected
`positive integer, and whichtherefore carrie:
`to the automatic volume-control circuit of a communication
`ajar }
`signed measure [MATH] An extended :
`receiver and calibrated in decibels or arbitrary S units to read
`the strength of a received signal. Also known as S meter; S-
`m defined on a sigma algebra of subsets of
`unit meter.
`{ ‘signal |strankth ,méd-ar }
`the value of m on the empty set is 0, (2)
`countable union of disjoint sets is the sum:
`signal-to-interference ratio [ELECTR] The relative magni-
`set, and (3) m assumes at most oneofthe v:
`tude of signal waves and waves which interfere with signal-
`{ \sind '‘mezhror }
`wave reception.
`{ ‘signaltii ,in-tor'firons ,ra-shd }
`[HisToL] A cell with a
`signet-ring cell
`signal-to-noise improvement factor See noise improvement
`hydrate-filled vacuole that pushes the nuc
`factor.
`{ ‘signalta 'ndiz im'priivmant ,fak-ter }
`membrane.
`{ ‘signat,rin ‘sel }
`signal-to-noiseratio [ELECTR] The ratio of the amplitude of
`signflag [compuT sci]Abit ina status!
`a desired signal at any pointto the amplitude ofnoise signals at
`central processing unit that indicates whe
`that same point; often expressed in decibels; the peak valueis
`arithmetic operation is positive or negative
`usually used for pulse noise, while the root-mean-square (rms)
`significance [MATH] The arbitrary rank,
`value is used forrandom noise. Abbreviated S/N;SNR.
`{ ‘sig:
`relative magnitude assigned to a given pc
`nal ta 'ndiz ,ra-sho }
`{ sig'nif‘i-kons }
`signal tower
`[cIv ENG] A switch tower from whichrailroad
`significancearithmetic [compuTsci] A
`signals are displayed or controlled.
`{ 'sig-nal ,taurar}
`estimating the numbers and positions of the
`signal tracer
`[ELECTR] An instrument used for tracing the
`the radix approximationthat results when:
`progressofa signal througha radio receiver or an audio amplifier
`tion is applied to operands in radix’ a
`to locate a faulty stage.
`{ 'sig-nal ,tra-sar }
`{ sig'nif-i-kans 9,rith-martik }
`signal voltage [ELEC] Effective (root-mean-square) voltage
`significance level See level of significance
`value of asignal.
`{ ‘signal ,v6ltij }
`i-kons ,lev-al }
`signalwave [comMUN] A wave whose characteristicspermit
`significance probability [stat] The-pr
`— some intelligence, message, or effect to be conveyed. Also
`ing a value ofa test statistic as significa
`knownassignal.
`{ ‘signal ,wav}
`significant than, the value actually observ
`signal-wave envelope [comMmMuUN] Contour of a signal wave
`\prab-o, bil-ad-é }
`which is composed of a series of wave cycles.
`{ ‘sig-nol |wav
`significant digit See significant figure. {
`'enva,lop }
`significantfigure [MATH] A prescribed «
`signal winding [ELEC] Control winding, of a saturable reac-
`determines the amountof roundingoff to be
`tor, to which the independentvariable (signal wave) is applied.
`based upon the degree of accuracy in m
`{ 'sig-nal ,wind-in }
`known as significant digit.
`{ sig'nif‘i-kont
`sign-and-magnitudecode [compuTsci] The representation
`significant wave
`[ocEANOGR] Statistica
`of an integer X by (— 1)* (2"~7 a, + 2"-3.a, ++ a,_4),
`average heightof the highest third of the wz
`where ap is 0 for X positive, and ap is 1 for X negative, and any
`group.
`{ sig'nifi‘kont ,wav }
`4
`a;iseitherOor1.
`{ ‘sin an 'mag-na,tiid ,k6d }
`sign of the zodiac
`[AsTRON] The zodia
`signature [ELECTR] The characteristic pattern of a target as
`sections, called signs, in each of which the
`displayed
`by
`detection
`and
`classification
`equipment.
`month of the year; each sign, 30° in lengt
`[GRaPHics] A folded, printed sheet, usually consisting of 16
`constellation with whichthe sign once coin
`or 32 pages, that forms a section of a book or a pamphlet; the
`‘z6-dé,ak }
`sheet may have fewer pages, but is always in multiples of four.
`sign position (comput sci] That positic
`[NAV ARCH] The graphic record of the magnetic properties of
`the left or right end of 'a numeral, in which’
`a vessel automatically traced as the vessel passes over the sen-
`the number is represented.
`{ 'sin po,zish=
`sitive elementof a recording instrument; more accurately called
`sign stimulus
`[PsycH] A specific extern
`magnetic signature.
`[orp] Theidentifying characteristics pe-
`tiates certain behavioral sequences that typis
`culiar to each type of target which enable detecting apparatus,
`stereotyped fashion.
`{ ‘sin stimryo-las }
`such as certain fuses, to sense anddifferentiate targets.
`[QUANT
`signtest
`[stat] A test which can be us
`MECH] A quantum numbero that characterizes a system with
`perimentis conducted to compare a treatme
`the symmetry ofa prolate or oblate spheroid and satisfies the
`a number of matched pairs, provided the
`equation r= exp (— itr), where ris the eigenvalue of the system
`assigned to the members ofeach pair at ran
`undera rotation through 180° aboutan axis perpendicular to the
`signum [MATH]
`Thereal function sgn¢
`symmetry axis.
`{ 'signe-chor }
`different from zero, where sgn(x) = 1 ifa
`{ 'sin
`signbit
`[computsci] Asigndigitconsistingofonebit.
`—lifx<0.
`{ ‘signom }
`ibit }
`sigua [METEOROL]Astraight-blowingn
`
`sign check indicator
`[comput sci] An error checking de-
`Philippines.
`{ 'sé,w4 }
`vice, indicating no sign or impropersigning ofa field used for
`sikussak [OCEANOGR] Very old sea‘ice
`arithmetic processes; the machine can, upon interrogation, be
`resembles glacier ice because snowfall and
`madeto stop orenter into a correction routine.
`{ ‘sin |chek ‘in:
`ute to its formation.
`{ se'kii,sik }
`do,kad-or }
`SIL See speech interference level.
`silage
`[aGR] Green or mature fodder t
`
`sign-control flip-flop [Comput sci] In computers,aflip-flop
`in the arithmetic unit used for storing the sign of the result of an
`retard spoilage and produce a succulent ¥
`operation.
`{ ‘sin kon;trél'flip, flap }
`stock.
`{ 'sFlij }
`:
`sign convention [optics] A convention as to which quanti-
`silane
`[lNORG CHEM] Si,H,,,, A ch
`compounds analogous to alkanes, that is,
`ties, such as angles,distances,and radii of curvature, are positive
`and which are negative in computations involving a lens or a
`rated paraffin hydrocarbons; they can be
`mirror.
`{
`'sin kon,ven‘chon }
`Also known as silicon hydride.
`{
`'si,lan}
`
`signdigit [comput sci]Adigit containing one to four binary
`silanol
`[cHEM] A member ofthe familya
`structure contains a silicon atom that is bou
`bits, associated with a data item and used to denotean algebraic
`sign.
`{ ‘sin ,dij-at }
`more hydroxyl groups.
`{ 'sile,ndol }
`
`signal station
`
`loc v. Facebook, IPR2017-01365
`hiloc's Ex. 2003, Page 3
`
`Uniloc v. Facebook, IPR2017-01365
`Uniloc's Ex. 2003, Page 3
`
`