ID
`
`Pharmacology
`
`Interactions
`
`References
`
`Trials
`
`Economics
`
`Properties
`
`Spectra
`
`Taxonomy
`
`0 Comments
`
`Targets (1) Enzymes (4) Biointeractions (6)
`
`Show Drugs with Similar Structures
`
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`
`Identification
`Identification
`
`Name
`
`Valdecoxib
`
`Accession Number DB00580 (APRD00183, DB07576)
`
`Type
`
`Groups
`
`Description
`
`Structure
`
`Small Molecule
`
`Investigational, Withdrawn
`
`Valdecoxib was removed from the Canadian, U.S., and E.U. markets in 2005 due to concerns about possible increased
`risk of heart attack and stroke.
`
`O
`
`N
`
`H3C
`
`O
`
`O
`
`S
`NH2
`
` MOL
`
`SDF
`
`3D-SDF
`
`PDB
`
`SMILES
`
`InChI
`
`
`
` View 3D Structure
`
`Synonyms
`
`Not Available
`
`External IDs
`
`
`
`Not Available
`
`Product
`
`Ingredients
`
`Approved
`Prescription
`Products
`
`Approved Generic
`Prescription
`Products
`
`Approved Over the
`Counter Products
`
`Unapproved/Other
`
`Products
`
`International
`Brands
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`Name
`
`Bextra
`
`Search
`
`Company
`
`Not Available
`
`Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries
`
`Previous
`
`1
`
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`
`Brand mixtures
`
`Not Available
`
`Categories
`
`Amides
`Analgesics
`Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
`Anti-Inflammatory Agents
`Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 001
`
`

`

`Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products
`Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Non-Steroids
`Antirheumatic Agents
`Central Nervous System Agents
`Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors
`Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
`Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors
`Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors
`Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
`Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
`Enzyme Inhibitors
`Musculo-Skeletal System
`Peripheral Nervous System Agents
`Sensory System Agents
`Sulfones
`Sulfur Compounds
`
`UNII
`
`2919279Q3W
`
`
`
`CAS number
`
`181695-72-7
`
`Weight
`
`Average: 314.359
`Monoisotopic: 314.072513014
`
`Chemical Formula
`
`C H N O S
`16 14 2 3
`
`InChI Key
`
`LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
`
`InChI
`
`InChI=1S/C16H14N2O3S/c1-11-15(12-7-9-14(10-8-12)22(17,19)20)16(18-21-11)13-5-3-2-4-6-13/h2-10H,1H3,
`(H2,17,19,20)
`
`IUPAC Name
`
`4-(5-methyl-3-phenyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)benzene-1-sulfonamide
`
`SMILES
`
`CC1=C(C(=NO1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)S(N)(=O)=O
`
`Pharmacology
`Pharmacology
`
`Indication
`
`For the treatment of osteoarthritis and dysmenorrhoea
`
`Structured
`Indications
`
`
`
`Not Available
`
`Pharmacodynamics Valdecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
`(NSAID). Valdecoxib is used for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities in the management of
`osteoarthritis (OA) and for the treatment of dysmenorrhea or acute pain. Unlike celecoxib, valdecoxib lacks a
`sulfonamide chain and does not require CYP450 enzymes for metabolism.
`
`Mechanism of
`action
`
`Both COX-1 and COX-2 catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin (PG) H2, the precursor of PGs and
`thromboxane. Valdecoxib selectively inhibits the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, important for the mediation of
`inflammation and pain. Unlike non-selective NSAIDs, valdecoxib does not inhibit platelet aggregation.
`
`Target
`
`Kind
`
`Pharmacological action
`
`Actions
`
`Organism UniProt ID
`
`Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
`
`Protein
`
`yes
`
`inhibitor
`
`Human
`
`P35354
`
`
`
`details
`
`Related Articles
`
`Absorption
`
`Oral bioavailability is 83%.
`
`Volume of
`distribution
`
`86 L
`
`Protein binding
`
`98%
`
`Metabolism
`
`Hepatic (involves CYP3A4 and 2C9)
`
`Substrate
`
`Valdecoxib
`
`Valdecoxib
`
`Enzymes
`
`Product
`
`
`UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
`
`Valdecoxib N-glucuronide
`
`
`Not Available
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M2
`
`Details
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M2
`
`
`UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M2 glucuronide
`
`Details
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 002
`
`

`

`Substrate
`Valdecoxib metabolite M2
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M7
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M2
`
`Enzymes
`
`Not Available
`
`
`Not Available
`
`
`Not Available
`
`Product
`Valdecoxib metabolite M7
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M8
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M5
`
`Details
`
`Details
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M5
`
`
`UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M5 glucuronide
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib
`
`
`Cytochrome P450 2C9
`Cytochrome P450 3A4
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M1
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M1
`
`
`UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M1 glucuronide
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M1
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M1
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M1
`
`
`Not Available
`
`
`Not Available
`
`
`Not Available
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M5
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M4
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M3
`
`Details
`
`Details
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M3
`
`
`UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M3 glucuronide
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M9
`
`
`Cytochrome P450 2C9
`Cytochrome P450 3A4
`
`
`Cytochrome P450 2C9
`Cytochrome P450 3A4
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M9
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M3
`
`Details
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M9
`
`
`UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
`
`Valdecoxib metabolite M9 glucuronide
`
`Details
`
`Route of
`elimination
`
`Half life
`
`Clearance
`
`Toxicity
`
`Valdecoxib is eliminated predominantly via hepatic metabolism with less than 5% of the dose excreted unchanged in the
`urine and feces. About 70% of the dose is excreted in the urine as metabolites, and about 20% as valdecoxib N-
`glucuronide.
`
`8-11 hours
`
`oral cl=6 L/h
`6 – 7 L/h [In patients undergoing hemodialysis]
`6 – 7 L/h [healthy elderly subjects]
`
`Symptoms following acute NSAID overdoses are usually limited to lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and
`epigastric pain, which are generally reversible with supportive care. Gastrointestinal bleeding can occur. Hypertension,
`acute renal failure, respiratory depression and coma may occur, but are rare.
`
`Affected organisms
`
`Humans and other mammals
`
`Pathways
`
`Pathway
`
`Valdecoxib Action Pathway
`
`Category
`
`Drug action
`
`SMPDB ID
`
`SMP00116
`
`SNP Mediated
`Effects
`
`SNP Mediated
`Adverse Drug
`Reactions
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 003
`
`

`

`Interactions
`Interactions
`Drug Interactions
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`Search
`
`Drug
`
`Interaction
`
`16-
`Bromoepiandrosterone
`
`The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valdecoxib is
`combined with 16-Bromoepiandrosterone.
`
`Drug group
`
`Investigational
`
`19-
`norandrostenedione
`
`The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valdecoxib is
`combined with 19-norandrostenedione.
`
`Experimental, Illicit
`
`4-Androstenedione
`
`The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valdecoxib is
`combined with 4-Androstenedione.
`
`Experimental, Illicit
`
`5-androstenedione
`
`The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valdecoxib is
`combined with 5-androstenedione.
`
`Experimental, Illicit
`
`Abciximab
`
`Abiraterone
`
`Acebutolol
`
`Aceclofenac
`
`Valdecoxib may increase the anticoagulant activities of Abciximab.
`
`The metabolism of Valdecoxib can be decreased when combined with
`Abiraterone.
`
`Approved
`
`Approved
`
`Valdecoxib may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Acebutolol.
`
`Approved
`
`The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aceclofenac is
`combined with Valdecoxib.
`
`Approved
`
`Acenocoumarol
`
`Valdecoxib may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acenocoumarol.
`
`Approved
`
`Acetovanillone
`
`The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acetovanillone is
`combined with Valdecoxib.
`
`Investigational
`
`Showing 1 to 10 of 555 entries
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`…
`
`56
`
`Next
`
`Food Interactions
`
`Not Available
`
`References
`References
`
`Synthesis
`Reference
`
`Eswaraiah Sajja, Anumula Reddy, Aalla Sampath, Gilla Goverdhan, “Process for preparing crystalline form A of
`valdecoxib.” U.S. Patent US20050272787, issued December 08, 2005.
`
`US20050272787
`
`
`
`General References Not Available
`
`External Links
`
`Resource
`
`PubChem Compound
`
`PubChem Substance
`
`ChemSpider
`
`BindingDB
`
`Link
`
`119607
`
`
`
`46506229
`
`
`
`106796
`
`
`
`13063
`
`
`
`Therapeutic Targets Database
`
`DAP001541
`
`
`
`PharmGKB
`
`HET
`
`RxList
`
`Drugs.com
`
`Wikipedia
`
`PA10226
`
`
`
`COX
`
`
`
`http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/bextra.htm
`
`
`
`http://www.drugs.com/mtm/valdecoxib.html
`
`
`
`Valdecoxib
`
`
`
`ATC Codes
`
`M01AH03
`M01AH — Coxibs
`M01A — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS, NON-STEROIDS
`M01 — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS
`M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
`
`AHFS Codes
`
`Not Available
`
`PDB Entries
`
`Not Available
`
`FDA label
`
`Download (82.8 KB)
`
`MSDS
`
`Download (70.6 KB)
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 004
`
`

`

`Clinical Trials
`Clinical Trials
`Clinical Trials
`
`
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`Phase
`
`2
`
`2
`
`2, 3
`
`3
`
`3
`
`3
`
`3
`
`3
`
`3
`
`3
`
`Search
`
`Status
`
`Purpose
`
`Conditions
`
`Count
`
`Completed Treatment Osteoarthritis,Knee
`
`Completed Treatment Pain
`
`Terminated Prevention ERCP / Pancreatitis
`
`Completed Treatment Hallux Valgus / Pain
`
`Completed Treatment Knee / Synovitis of osteoarthritis
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`Completed Treatment
`
`Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy / Pain 1
`
`Completed Treatment Pain
`
`Completed Treatment Pain, Post-Surgical
`
`Completed Treatment Pharyngitis
`
`Completed Treatment Postoperative Pain
`
`2
`
`1
`
`1
`
`2
`
`Showing 1 to 10 of 25 entries
`
`Previous
`
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`
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`
`3
`
`Next
`
`Pharmacoeconomics
`Pharmacoeconomics
`
`Manufacturers
`
`Gd searle llc
`
`Packagers
`
`Cardinal Health
`GD Searle LLC
`Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
`PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
`Pfizer Inc.
`Physicians Total Care Inc.
`
`Dosage forms
`
`Not Available
`
`Prices
`
`Patents
`
`Not Available
`
`Show 10
`
` entries
`
`Search
`
`Patent Number
`
`Pediatric Extension
`
`Approved
`
`Expires (estimated)
`
`No
`
`No
`
`No
`
`2003-08-12 2016-02-12
`
`1995-02-13 2015-02-13
`
`1997-08-12 2017-08-12
`
`Showing 1 to 3 of 3 entries
`
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`
`1
`
`Next
`
`Value
`
`3.2
`
`Source
`
`Not Available
`
`Value
`
`0.0348 mg/mL
`
`3.32
`
`2.82
`
`-4
`
`10.06
`
`0.42
`
`0
`
`Source
`
`ALOGPS
`
`ALOGPS
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ALOGPS
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`  
`
`CA2212836
`
`US5633272
`
`US7135489
`
`Properties
`Properties
`
`State
`
`Experimental
`Properties
`
`Predicted
`Properties
`
`Solid
`
`Property
`
`logP
`
`Property
`
`Water Solubility
`
`logP
`
`logP
`
`logS
`
`pKa (Strongest Acidic)
`
`pKa (Strongest Basic)
`
`Physiological Charge
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 005
`
`

`

`Property
`Hydrogen Acceptor Count
`
`Hydrogen Donor Count
`
`Polar Surface Area
`
`Rotatable Bond Count
`
`Refractivity
`
`Polarizability
`
`Number of Rings
`
`Bioavailability
`
`Rule of Five
`
`Ghose Filter
`
`Veber's Rule
`
`MDDR-like Rule
`
`Property
`
`Human Intestinal Absorption
`
`Blood Brain Barrier
`
`Caco-2 permeable
`
`P-glycoprotein substrate
`
`P-glycoprotein inhibitor I
`
`P-glycoprotein inhibitor II
`
`Renal organic cation transporter
`
`CYP450 2C9 substrate
`
`Value
`3
`
`1
`
`86.19 Å
`
`2
`
`3
`
`3
`84.71 m ·mol
`
`-1
`
`31.76 Å
`
`3
`
`3
`
`1
`
`Yes
`
`Yes
`
`Yes
`
`Yes
`
`Value
`
`+
`
`+
`
`+
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Substrate
`
`Source
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`ChemAxon
`
`Probability
`
`1.0
`
`0.9386
`
`0.5
`
`0.8864
`
`0.8772
`
`0.9157
`
`0.8576
`
`0.7356
`
`0.8918
`
`Predicted ADMET
`features
`
`CYP450 2D6 substrate
`
`CYP450 3A4 substrate
`
`CYP450 1A2 substrate
`
`CYP450 2C9 inhibitor
`
`CYP450 2D6 inhibitor
`
`CYP450 2C19 inhibitor
`
`CYP450 3A4 inhibitor
`
`Non-substrate
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`Inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity
`
`High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity
`
`Ames test
`
`Carcinogenicity
`
`Biodegradation
`
`Rat acute toxicity
`
`hERG inhibition (predictor I)
`
`hERG inhibition (predictor II)
`
`Non AMES toxic
`
`Non-carcinogens
`
`Not ready biodegradable
`
`2.0680 LD50, mol/kg
`
`Weak inhibitor
`
`Non-inhibitor
`
`0.6501
`
`0.5759
`
`0.5385
`
`0.8875
`
`0.5958
`
`0.8652
`
`0.7649
`
`0.8277
`
`0.7399
`
`0.9948
`
`Not applicable
`
`0.9708
`
`0.8652
`
`
`
` ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. ( 23092397
`
`
`
`)
`
`Spectra
`Spectra
`
`Mass Spec (NIST)
`
`Not Available
`
`Spectra
`
`Spectrum Type
`
`Description
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS
`
`Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative
`
`Splash Key
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Not Available
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 006
`
`

`

`Taxonomy
`Taxonomy
`Description
`
`This compound belongs to the class of chemical entities known as benzenesulfonamides. These are organic compounds
`containing a sulfonamide group that is S-linked to a benzene ring.
`
`Kingdom
`
`Chemical entities
`
`
`
`Super Class
`
`Organic compounds
`
`
`
`Class
`
`Sub Class
`
`Benzenoids
`
`
`
`Benzene and substituted derivatives
`
`
`
`Direct Parent
`
`Benzenesulfonamides
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Benzenesulfonyl compounds
`
`Organosulfonamides
`
`Isoxazoles
`
`Heteroaromatic compounds
`
`Aminosulfonyl compounds
`Oxacyclic compounds
`Azacyclic compounds
`Organopnictogen compounds
`
`Organooxygen compounds
`
`Organonitrogen compounds
`
`Organic oxides
`Hydrocarbon derivatives
`
`
`
` 
`
`Alternative Parents
`
`Substituents
`
`Benzenesulfonamide
`Benzenesulfonyl group
`Organosulfonic acid amide
`Azole
`Isoxazole
`Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives
`Organosulfonic acid or derivatives
`Heteroaromatic compound
`Aminosulfonyl compound
`Sulfonyl
`Oxacycle
`Azacycle
`Organoheterocyclic compound
`Organic nitrogen compound
`Hydrocarbon derivative
`Organic oxide
`Organosulfur compound
`Organooxygen compound
`Organonitrogen compound
`Organopnictogen compound
`Organic oxygen compound
`Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
`
`Molecular
`Framework
`
`External
`Descriptors
`
`Targets
`
`Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
`
`
`sulfonamide (CHEBI:63634
`
`)
`isoxazoles (CHEBI:63634
`
`)
`
`1. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
`
`
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`Protein
`Organism
`Human
`Pharmacological action
`yes
`Actions
`
`inhibitor
`
`General Function:
`Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 007
`
`

`

`Specific Function:
`Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues
`in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is
`responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, p...
`Gene Name:
`PTGS2
`Uniprot ID:
`
`P35354
`Molecular Weight:
`68995.625 Da
`
`References
`
`1. Talley JJ, Brown DL, Carter JS, Graneto MJ, Koboldt CM, Masferrer JL, Perkins WE, Rogers RS, Shaffer AF, Zhang YY, Zweifel BS, Seibert K: 4-
`[5-Methyl-3-phenylisoxazol-4-yl]- benzenesulfonamide, valdecoxib: a potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2. J Med Chem. 2000 Mar
`
`9;43(5):775-7. [PubMed:10715145
`]
`2. Jain KK: Evaluation of intravenous parecoxib for the relief of acute post-surgical pain. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2000 Nov;9(11):2717-23.
`
`[PubMed:11060833
`]
`3. Yuan JJ, Yang DC, Zhang JY, Bible R Jr, Karim A, Findlay JW: Disposition of a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, valdecoxib, in human. Drug
`
`Metab Dispos. 2002 Sep;30(9):1013-21. [PubMed:12167567
`]
`4. Tacconelli S, Capone ML, Sciulli MG, Ricciotti E, Patrignani P: The biochemical selectivity of novel COX-2 inhibitors in whole blood assays of
`
`COX-isozyme activity. Curr Med Res Opin. 2002;18(8):503-11. [PubMed:12564662
`]
`5. Hood WF, Gierse JK, Isakson PC, Kiefer JR, Kurumbail RG, Seibert K, Monahan JB: Characterization of celecoxib and valdecoxib binding to
`
`cyclooxygenase. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;63(4):870-7. [PubMed:12644588
`]
`
`]
`6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352
`7. Gierse JK, Zhang Y, Hood WF, Walker MC, Trigg JS, Maziasz TJ, Koboldt CM, Muhammad JL, Zweifel BS, Masferrer JL, Isakson PC, Seibert K:
`Valdecoxib: assessment of cyclooxygenase-2 potency and selectivity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Mar;312(3):1206-12. Epub 2004 Oct 19.
`
`[PubMed:15494548
`]
`
`Enzymes
`
`1. Cytochrome P450 2C9
`
`Kind
`Protein
`Organism
`Human
`Pharmacological action
`unknown
`Actions
`
`substrate
`
`inhibitor
`
`
`
` Details
`
`General Function:
`Steroid hydroxylase activity
`Specific Function:
`Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-
`dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and
`xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac,
`phenyto...
`Gene Name:
`CYP2C9
`Uniprot ID:
`
`P11712
`Molecular Weight:
`55627.365 Da
`
`References
`
`1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and
`
`implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014
`]
`2. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a
`comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010
`
`Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256
`]
`
`2. Cytochrome P450 3A4
`
`
`
` Details
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 008
`
`

`

`Kind
`Protein
`Organism
`Human
`Pharmacological action
`unknown
`Actions
`
`substrate
`
`General Function:
`Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
`Specific Function:
`Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-
`dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole
`sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids,
`fatty acids, and xenobiot...
`Gene Name:
`CYP3A4
`Uniprot ID:
`
`P08684
`Molecular Weight:
`57342.67 Da
`
`References
`
`1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and
`
`implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014
`]
`2. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a
`comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010
`
`Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256
`]
`
`3. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9
`
`
`
` Details
`
`Kind
`Protein
`Organism
`Human
`Pharmacological action
`unknown
`Actions
`
`substrate
`
`General Function:
`Retinoic acid binding
`Specific Function:
`UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous
`compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols. Isoform 2 lacks transferase activity but acts as a negative regulator of isoform 1.
`Gene Name:
`UGT1A9
`Uniprot ID:
`
`O60656
`Molecular Weight:
`59940.495 Da
`
`References
`
`1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and
`
`implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014
`]
`
`4. Cytochrome P450 2C19
`
`Kind
`Protein
`
`
`
` Details
`
`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 009
`
`

`

`Organism
`Human
`Pharmacological action
`unknown
`Actions
`
`inhibitor
`
`General Function:
`Steroid hydroxylase activity
`Specific Function:
`Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole,
`proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
`Gene Name:
`CYP2C19
`Uniprot ID:
`
`P33261
`Molecular Weight:
`55930.545 Da
`
`References
`
`1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a
`comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010
`
`Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256
`]
`
`Comments
`
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`Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on August 17, 2016 12:23
`
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`Par Pharm., Inc.
`Exhibit 1053
`Page 010
`
`

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`Exhibit 1053
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`
`