UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`_______________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`_____________
`
`UBISOFT, INC. AND SQUARE ENIX, INC.,
`Petitioners,
`
`v.
`
`UNILOC USA, INC. AND UNILOC LUXEMBOURG, S.A.,
`Patent Owners.
`____________
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,510,466
`___________
`
`DECLARATION OF SCOTT BENNETT, Ph.D.
`20 April 2017
`
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`Page
`
`I.
`
`II.
`
`INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 1
`
`BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS ............................................. 1
`
`III.
`
`PRELIMINARIES ...................................................................................... 3
`
`IV. OPINIONS REGARDING INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENTS ........................ 8
`
`V.
`
`VI.
`
`ATTACHMENTS .....................................................................................11
`
`CONCLUSION .........................................................................................12
`
`
`
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`I, Scott Bennett, hereby declare under penalty of perjury:
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`1.
`
`I have personal knowledge of the facts and opinions set forth in this
`
`declaration, I believe them to be true, and if called upon to do so, I would testify
`
`competently to them. I have been warned that willful false statements and the like
`
`are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both.
`
`2.
`
`I am a retired academic librarian working as a Managing Partner of
`
`the firm Prior Art Documentation LLC at 711 South Race Street, Urbana, IL,
`
`61801-4132. Attached as Appendix A is a true and correct copy of my
`
`Curriculum Vitae describing my background and experience. Further information
`
`about my firm, Prior Art Documentation Services LLC, is available at
`
`www.priorartdocumentation.com.
`
`3.
`
`I have been retained by Erise IP, P.A. to authenticate and establish
`
`the dates of public accessibility of certain documents in an inter partes review
`
`proceedings for U.S. Patent No. 6,510,466. For this service, I am being paid my
`
`usual hourly fee of $88/hour. My compensation in no way depends on the
`
`substance of my testimony or the outcome of this proceeding.
`
`II. BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS
`
`4.
`
`I was previously employed as follows:
`
`
`
`University Librarian, Yale University, New Haven, CT., 1994-2001;
`
`
`
`1
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`Director, The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, The Johns Hopkins
`
`University, Baltimore, MD, 1989-1994;
`
`Assistant University Librarian for Collection Management,
`
`Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1981-1989;
`
`Instructor, Assistant, and Associate Professor of Library
`
`Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,
`
`IL, 1974-1981; and
`
`
`
`Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois at Urbana-
`
`Champaign, 1967-1974.
`
`5.
`
`Over the course of my work as a librarian, professor of English,
`
`researcher, and author of nearly fifty scholarly papers and other publications, I
`
`have had extensive experience with cataloging records and online library
`
`management systems built around Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC)
`
`standards. I also have substantial experience in authenticating printed documents
`
`and establishing the date when they were accessible to researchers.
`
`6.
`
`In the course of more than fifty years of academic life, I have myself
`
`been an active researcher. I have collaborated with many individual researchers
`
`and, as a librarian, worked in the services of thousands of researchers at four
`
`prominent research universities. Members of my family are university
`
`researchers. Over the years, I have read some of the voluminous professional
`
`
`
`2
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`literature on the information seeking behaviors of academic researchers. And as
`
`an educator, I have a broad knowledge of the ways in which students in a variety
`
`of disciplines learn to master the bibliographic resources used in their disciplines.
`
`In all of these ways, I have a general knowledge of how researchers work.
`
`III. PRELIMINARIES
`
`7.
`
`Scope of this declaration. I am not a lawyer and I am not rendering
`
`an opinion on the legal question of whether any particular document is, or is not, a
`
`“printed publication” under the law.
`
`8.
`
`I am, however, rendering my expert opinion on the authenticity of the
`
`documents referenced herein and on when and how each of these documents was
`
`disseminated or otherwise made available to the extent that persons interested and
`
`ordinarily skilled in the subject matter or art, exercising reasonable diligence,
`
`could have located the documents before 14 December 1997.
`
`9. Materials considered. In forming the opinions expressed in this
`
`declaration, I have reviewed the documents and attachments referenced herein.
`
`These materials are records created in the ordinary course of business by
`
`publishers, libraries, indexing services, and others. From my years of experience,
`
`I am familiar with the process for creating many of these records, and I know
`
`these records are created by people with knowledge of the information in the
`
`record. Further, these records are created with the expectation that researchers
`
`
`
`3
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`and other members of the public will use them. All materials cited in this
`
`declaration and its attachments are of a type that experts in my field would
`
`reasonably rely upon and refer to in forming their opinions.
`
`10. Persons of ordinary skill in the art. I am told by counsel that the
`
`subject matter of this proceeding relates generally to managing application
`
`programs over a network.
`
`11.
`
`I have been informed by counsel that a “person of ordinary skill in
`
`the art at the time of the invention” is a hypothetical person who is presumed to be
`
`familiar with the relevant field and its literature at the time of the inventions. This
`
`hypothetical person is also a person of ordinary creativity, capable of
`
`understanding the scientific principles applicable to the pertinent field.
`
`12.
`
`I am told by counsel that persons of ordinary skill in this subject
`
`matter or art would have had at least an undergraduate degree in computer
`
`science, computer engineering, or a related field or an equivalent number of years
`
`of working experience; and at least one to two years of experience in networking
`
`environments, including at least some experience with management of application
`
`programs in a network environment.
`
`13.
`
`It is my opinion that such a person would have been engaged in
`
`advanced research, learning through study and practice in the field and possibly
`
`through formal instruction about the bibliographic resources relevant to his or her
`
`
`
`4
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`research. In the 1990s such a person would have had access to a vast array of
`
`long-established print resources in electrical/computer engineering and computer
`
`science as well as to a rich and fast changing set of online resources providing
`
`indexing information, abstracts, and full text services for electrical/computer
`
`engineering and computer science.
`
`14. Library catalog records. Some background on MARC formatted
`
`records, OCLC, WorldCat, and OCLC’s Connexion is needed to understand the
`
`library catalog records discussed in this declaration.
`
`15. Libraries world-wide use the MARC format for catalog records; this
`
`machine readable format was developed at the Library of Congress in the 1960s.
`
`16. MARC formatted records provide a variety of subject access points
`
`based on the content of the document being cataloged. All may be found in the
`
`MARC Fields 6XX. For example, MARC Field 600 identifies personal names
`
`used as subjects and the MARC Field 650 identifies topical terms. A researcher
`
`might discover material relevant to his or her topic by a search using the terms
`
`employed in the MARC Fields 6XX.
`
`17. The MARC Field 040, subfield a, identifies the library or other entity
`
`that created the original catalog record for a given document and transcribed it into
`
`machine readable form. The MARC Field 008 identifies the date when this first
`
`catalog record was entered on the file. This date persists in all subsequent uses of
`
`
`
`5
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`the first catalog record, although newly-created records for the same document,
`
`separate from the original record, will show a new date. It is not unusual to find
`
`multiple catalog records for the same document.
`
`18. WorldCat is the world’s largest public online catalog, maintained by
`
`the Online Computer Library Center, Inc., or OCLC, and built with the records
`
`created by the thousands of libraries that are members of OCLC. WorldCat
`
`provides a user-friendly interface for the public to use MARC records; it requires
`
`no knowledge of MARC tags and codes. WorldCat records appear in many
`
`different catalogs, including the Statewide Illinois Library Catalog. The date a
`
`given catalog record was created (corresponding to the MARC Field 008) appears
`
`in some detailed WorldCat records as the Date of Entry.
`
`19. Whereas WorldCat records are very widely available, the availability
`
`of MARC formatted records varies from library to library.
`
`20. When an OCLC participating institution acquires a document for
`
`which it finds no previously created record in OCLC, or when the institution
`
`chooses not to use an existing record, it creates a record for the document using
`
`OCLC’s Connexion, the bibliographic system used by catalogers to create MARC
`
`records. Connexion automatically supplies the date of record creation in the
`
`MARC Field 008.
`
`
`
`6
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`21. Once the MARC record is created by a cataloger at an OCLC
`
`participating member institution, it becomes available to other OCLC participating
`
`members in Connexion and also in WorldCat, where persons interested and
`
`ordinarily skilled in the subject matter or art, exercising reasonable diligence, can
`
`locate it.
`
`22. When a book has been cataloged, it will normally be made available
`
`to readers soon thereafter—normally within a few days or (at most) within a few
`
`weeks of cataloging.
`
`23.
`
`Indexing. A researcher may discover material relevant to his or her
`
`topic in a variety of ways. One common means of discovery is to search for
`
`relevant information in an index of periodical and other publications. Having
`
`found relevant material, the researcher will then normally obtain it online, look for
`
`it in libraries, or purchase it from the publisher, a bookstore, a document delivery
`
`service, or other provider. Sometimes, the date of a document’s public
`
`accessibility will involve both indexing and library date information. Date
`
`information for indexing entries is, however, often unavailable. This is especially
`
`true for online indices.
`
`24.
`
`Indexing services use a wide variety of controlled vocabularies to
`
`provide subject access and other means of discovering the content of documents.
`
`
`
`7
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`The formats in which these access terms are presented vary from service to
`
`service.
`
`25. Online indexing services commonly provide bibliographic
`
`information, abstracts, and full-text copies of the indexed publications, along with
`
`a list of the documents cited in the indexed publication. These services also often
`
`provide lists of publications that cite a given document. A citation of a document
`
`is evidence that the document was publicly available and in use by researchers no
`
`later than the publication date of the citing document.
`
`26. Prominent indexing services include:
`
`27. ACM Digital Library. This index is produced by the Association for
`
`Computing Machinery, the world’s largest scientific and educational computing
`
`society. AMC Digital Library contains the full text of all AMC publications,
`
`hosted full-text publications from selected publishers, and the ACM Guide to
`
`Computing Literature—a comprehensive bibliography of computing literature
`
`beginning in the 1950s with more than a million entries. All metadata in the
`
`database are freely available on the Web, including abstracts, linked references,
`
`citing work, and usage statistics. Full-text articles are available with subscription.
`
`IV. OPINIONS REGARDING INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENTS
`
`Document 1. Jeffrey F. Hughes and Blair W. Thomas. Novell’s Guide to
`NetWare® 4.1 Networks. Jan Jose, CA: Novell Press, 1996.
`
`1.
`
`Authentication
`
`
`
`8
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`28. Document 1 is a book by Jeffrey Hughes and Blair Thomas published
`
`by Novell Press in 1996. Attachment 1a is a true and accurate copy of the book’s
`
`cover, title page, title page verso, preliminary matter, table of contents, and
`
`Chapters 1-5 and 12-13 from the Southwestern Illinois College. Attachment 1b is
`
`a true and accurate copy of that library’s catalog record for Document 1, showing
`
`the book’s location and availability.
`
`29. Attachment 1a is in a condition that creates no suspicion about its
`
`authenticity. Specifically, Chapters 1-5 and 12-13 in Document 1 are not missing
`
`any intermediate pages, the text on each page appears to flow seamlessly from one
`
`page to the next, and there are no visible alterations to the document. Attachment
`
`1a was found within the custody of a library – a place where, if authentic, it would
`
`likely be found.
`
`30. Attachment 1c is a true and accurate copy of the ACM Digital
`
`Library index record for Document 1, showing the International Standard Book
`
`Number (ISBN) 156884736X, identical (except for format) to that provided on the
`
`verso of the title page in Attachment 1a: 1-56884-736-X.
`
`31.
`
`I conclude, based on finding Document 1 in a library and on finding
`
`library catalog records and an online record for Document 1, that Document 1 is
`
`an authentic document and that Attachment 1a is an authentic copy of Document
`
`1.
`
`
`
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`2.
`
`Public accessibility
`
`32. Attachment 1d is a true and accurate copy of a Statewide Illinois
`
`Library catalog record for Document 1, showing this book held by 71 libraries
`
`world-wide. Attachment 1d also indicates that Document 1 was cataloged or
`
`indexed in a meaningful way—including being cataloged by subject. The date of
`
`entry in Attachment 1d is 5 January 1996, roughly two months before the
`
`publication of Document 1 (discussed immediately below). In my opinion,
`
`Document 1 was bibliographically identifiable by 5 January 1996. 1
`
`33. Attachment 1e is a true and accurate copy of the United States
`
`Copyright Office record for Document 1. It shows the book was published on 8
`
`March 1996 and registered for copyright on 3 April 1996. I conclude from this
`
`copyright record that Document 1 was publicly available from its publisher on or
`
`about 8 March 1996.
`
`34. Attachment 1f is a true and accurate copy of the Auburn University
`
`Libraries catalog record, in MARC format, for Document 1. In Attachment 1f,
`
`1 Catalog records for books are sometimes publicly available before the book’s
`
`publication. In this case, the book was published with the Library of Congress
`
`Card No. 95-82352 printed on the verso of the title page. This indicates the book’s
`
`publisher had been in contact with the Library of Congress about the cataloging of
`
`the book before the book’s printing and publication.
`
`
`
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`the MARC Field 040, subfield a, indicates that this catalog record for Document 1
`
`was created by the Welch Medical Library at Johns Hopkins University (OCLC
`
`code = JHW). The MARC Field 008 indicates this catalog record was created on
`
`24 April 1996, just a few days after the publication of Document 1. Allowing for
`
`some time between the cataloging of Document 1 and its arrival on library
`
`shelves, where it would be publicly available, I conclude that Document 1 was
`
`accessible to the public interested in the art, and that an ordinarily skilled
`
`researcher, exercising reasonable diligence, would have had no difficulty finding
`
`Document 1 in at least one library by May 1996.
`
`3.
`
`Conclusion
`
`Based on the evidence presented here—book publication, Copyright Office
`
`record, online indexing, and library cataloging—it is my opinion that Document
`
`1 is an authentic document that was bibliographically identifiable by 5
`
`January 1996, was publicly available from its publisher on or about 8 March
`
`1996, and was publicly available in at least one library by May 1996.
`
`V. ATTACHMENTS
`
`35. The attachments attached hereto are true and correct copies of the
`
`materials identified above. Helen Sullivan is a Managing Partner in Prior Art
`
`Documentation Services LLC (see http://www.priorartdocumentation.com/hellen-
`
`
`
`11
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`sullivan/ ). One of her primary responsibilities in our partnership is to secure the
`
`bibliographic documentation used in attachments to our declarations.
`
`36. Ms. Sullivan and I work in close collaboration on the bibliographic
`
`documentation needed in each declaration. I will sometimes request specific
`
`bibliographic documents or, more rarely, secure them myself. In all cases, I have
`
`carefully reviewed the bibliographic documentation used in my declaration. My
`
`signature on the declaration indicates my full confidence in the authenticity,
`
`accuracy, and reliability of the bibliographic documentation used.
`
`37. Each Attachment has been marked with an identifying label on the
`
`top of each page. However, no alterations other than these noted labels appear in
`
`these attachments, unless otherwise noted. All attachments were created on 24
`
`March – 14 April 2017 and all URLs referenced in this declaration were available
`
`14 April 2017.
`
`VI. CONCLUSION
`
`38.
`
`In summary, I have concluded that Document 1, discussed above, is
`
`an authentic document that was publicly accessible before 14 December 1997.
`
`39.
`
`I reserve the right to supplement my opinions in the future to respond
`
`to any arguments that Patent Owner or its expert(s) may raise and to take into
`
`account new information as it becomes available to me.
`
`
`
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`40.
`
`I declare that all statements made herein of my knowledge are true,
`
`and that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true, and
`
`that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false statements
`
`and the like so made are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under
`
`Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
`
` Executed this 20th day of January, 2017 in Urbana, Illinois.
`
`
`
`
`____________________________
`Scott Bennett
`
`
`
`13
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`SCOTT BENNETT
`Yale University Librarian Emeritus
`
`711 South Race
`Urbana, Illinois 61801-4132
`2scottbb@gmail.com
`217-367-9896
`
`
`
`Appendix A
`
`EMPLOYMENT
`
`
`Retired, 2001. Retirement activities include:
` Managing Partner in Prior Art Documentation Services, LLC, 2015-. This firm provides
`documentation services to patent attorneys; more information is available at
`http://www.priorartdocumentation.com
` Consultant on library space design, 2004- . This consulting practice is rooted in a research,
`publication, and public speaking program conducted since I retired from Yale University in
`2001. I have served more than 50 colleges and universities in the United States and abroad
`with projects ranging in likely cost from under $50,000 to over $100 million. More
`information is available at http://www.libraryspaceplanning.com/
` Senior Advisor for the library program of the Council of Independent Colleges, 2001-2009
` Member of the Wartburg College Library Advisory Board, 2004-
` Visiting Professor, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of
`Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Fall 2003
`
`
`University Librarian, Yale University, 1994-2001
`
`Director, The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland,
`1989-1994
`
`Assistant University Librarian for Collection Management, Northwestern University, Evanston,
`Illinois, 1981-1989
`
`Instructor, Assistant and Associate Professor of Library Administration, University of Illinois at
`Urbana-Champaign, 1974-1981
`
`Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1967-1974
`
`Woodrow Wilson Teaching Intern, St. Paul’s College, Lawrenceville, Virginia, 1964-1965
`
`EDUCATION
`
`
`University of Illinois, M.S., 1976 (Library Science)
`Indiana University, M.A., 1966; Ph.D., 1967 (English)
`Oberlin College, A.B. magna cum laude, 1960 (English)
`
`
`
`HONORS AND AWARDS
`
`
`
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`
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`Morningside College (Sioux City, IA) Doctor of Humane Letters, 2010
`
`American Council of Learned Societies Fellowship, 1978-1979; Honorary Visiting Research
`Fellow, Victorian Studies Centre, University of Leicester, 1979; University of Illinois Summer
`Faculty Fellowship, 1969
`
`Indiana University Dissertation Year Fellowship and an Oberlin College Haskell Fellowship, 1966-
`1967; Woodrow Wilson National Fellow, 1960-1961
`
`
`PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
`
`American Association for the Advancement of Science: Project on Intellectual Property and
`Electronic Publishing in Science, 1999-2001
`
`American Association of University Professors: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
`Chapter Secretary and President, 1975-1978; Illinois Conference Vice President and President, 1978-
`1984; national Council, 1982-1985, Committee F, 1982-1986, Assembly of State Conferences
`Executive Committee, 1983-1986, and Committee H, 1997-2001 ; Northwestern University Chapter
`Secretary/Treasurer, 1985-1986
`
`Association of American Universities: Member of the Research Libraries Task Force on
`Intellectual Property Rights in an Electronic Environment, 1993-1994, 1995-1996
`
`Association of Research Libraries: Member of the Preservation Committee, 1990-1993; member of
`the Information Policy Committee, 1993-1995; member of the Working Group on Copyright, 1994-
`2001; member of the Research Library Leadership and Management Committee, 1999-2001; member
`of the Board of Directors, 1998-2000
`
`Carnegie Mellon University: Member of the University Libraries Advisory Board, 1994
`
`Center for Research Libraries: Program Committee, 1998-2000
`
`Johns Hopkins University Press: Ex-officio member of the Editorial Board, 1990-1994; Co-
`director of Project Muse, 1994
`
`Library Administration and Management Association, Public Relations Section, Friends of the
`Library Committee, 1977-1978
`
`Oberlin College: Member of the Library Visiting Committee, 1990, and of the Steering Committee
`for the library’s capital campaign, 1992-1993; President of the Library Friends, 1992-1993, 2004-
`2005; member, Friends of the Library Council, 2003-
`
`Research Society for Victorian Periodicals: Executive Board, 1971-1983; Co-chairperson of the
`Executive Committee on Serials Bibliography, 1976-1982; President, 1977-1982
`
` A
`
` Selected Edition of W.D. Howells (one of several editions sponsored by the MLA Center for
`Editions of American Authors): Associate Textual Editor, 1965-1970; Center for Editions of
`American Authors panel of textual experts, 1968-1970
`
`Victorian Studies: Editorial Assistant and Managing Editor, 1962-1964
`
`
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`Wartburg College: member, National Advisory Board for the Vogel Library, 2004-
`
`Some other activities: Member of the Illinois State Library Statewide Library and Archival
`Preservation Advisory Panel; member of the Illinois State Archives Advisory Board; member of a
`committee advising the Illinois Board of Higher Education on the cooperative management of
`research collections; chair of a major collaborative research project conducted by the Research
`Libraries Group with support from Conoco, Inc.; active advisor on behalf of the Illinois
`Conference AAUP to faculty and administrators on academic freedom and tenure matters in northern
`Illinois.
`
`Delegate to Maryland Governor’s Conference on Libraries and Information Service; principal in
`initiating state-wide preservation planning in Maryland; principal in an effort to widen the use of
`mass deacidification for the preservation of library materials through cooperative action by the
`Association of Research Libraries and the Committee on Institutional Cooperation; co-instigator
`of a campus-wide information service for Johns Hopkins University; initiated efforts with the
`Enoch Pratt Free Library to provide information services to Baltimore’s Empowerment Zones;
`speaker or panelist on academic publishing, copyright, scholarly communication, national and
`regional preservation planning, mass deacidification.
`
`Consultant for the University of British Columbia (1995), Princeton University (1996), Modern
`Language Association, (1995, 1996), Library of Congress (1997), Center for Jewish History
`(1998, 2000-), National Research Council (1998); Board of Directors for the Digital Library
`Federation, 1996-2001; accreditation visiting team at Brandeis University (1997); mentor for
`Northern Exposure to Leadership (1997); instructor and mentor for ARL’s Leadership and
`Career Development Program (1999-2000)
`
`At the Northwestern University Library, led in the creation of a preservation department and in the
`renovation of the renovation, for preservation purposes, of the Deering Library book stacks.
`
`At the Milton S. Eisenhower Library, led the refocusing and vitalization of client-centered services;
`strategic planning and organizational restructuring for the library; building renovation planning.
`Successfully completed a $5 million endowment campaign for the humanities collections and
`launched a $27 million capital campaign for the library.
`
`At the Yale University Library, participated widely in campus-space planning, university budget
`planning, information technology development, and the promotion of effective teaching and learning;
`for the library has exercised leadership in space planning and renovation, retrospective conversion of
`the card catalog, preservation, organizational development, recruitment of minority librarians,
`intellectual property and copyright issues, scholarly communication, document delivery services
`among libraries, and instruction in the use of information resources. Oversaw approximately $70
`million of library space renovation and construction. Was co-principal investigator for a grant to plan
`a digital archive for Elsevier Science.
`
`Numerous to invitations speak at regional, national, and other professional meetings and at alumni
`meetings. Lectured and presented a series of seminars on library management at the Yunnan
`University Library, 2002. Participated in the 2005 International Roundtable for Library and
`Information Science sponsored by the Kanazawa Institute of Technology Library Center and the
`Council on Library and Information Resources.
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`PUBLICATIONS
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`“Putting Learning into Library Planning,” portal: Libraries and the Academy, 15, 2 (April 2015),
`215-231.
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`“How librarians (and others!) love silos: Three stories from the field “ available at the Learning
`Spaces Collaborary Web site, http://www.pkallsc.org/
`
`“Learning Behaviors and Learning Spaces,” portal: Libraries and the Academy, 11, 3 (July 2011),
`765-789.
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`“Libraries and Learning: A History of Paradigm Change,” portal: Libraries and the Academy, 9, 2
`(April 2009), 181-197. Judged as the best article published in the 2009 volume of portal.
`
`“The Information or the Learning Commons: Which Will We Have?” Journal of Academic
`Librarianship, 34 (May 2008), 183-185. One of the ten most-cited articles published in JAL, 2007-
`2011.
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`“Designing for Uncertainty: Three Approaches,” Journal of Academic Librarianship, 33 (2007), 165–
`179.
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`“Campus Cultures Fostering Information Literacy,” portal: Libraries and the Academy, 7 (2007),
`147-167. Included in Library Instruction Round Table Top Twenty library instruction articles
`published in 2007
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`“Designing for Uncertainty: Three Approaches,” Journal of Academic Librarianship, 33 (2007),
`165–179.
`
` “First Questions for Designing Higher Education Learning Spaces,” Journal of Academic
`Librarianship, 33 (2007), 14-26.
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`“The Choice for Learning,” Journal of Academic Librarianship, 32 (2006), 3-13.
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`With Richard A. O’Connor, “The Power of Place in Learning,” Planning for Higher Education, 33
`(June-August 2005), 28-30
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`“Righting the Balance,” in Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space (Washington, DC:
`Council on Library and Information Resources, 2005), pp. 10-24
`
`Libraries Designed for Learning (Washington, DC: Council on Library and Information Resources,
`2003)
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`“The Golden Age of Libraries,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Academic
`Librarianship in the New Millennium: Roles, Trends, and Global Collaboration, ed. Haipeng Li
`(Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 2002), pp. 13-21. This is a slightly different version of the
`following item.
`
`“The Golden Age of Libraries,” Journal of Academic Librarianship, 24 (2001), 256-258
`
`“Second Chances. An address . . . at the annual dinner of the Friends of the Oberlin College Library
`November 13 1999,” Friends of the Oberlin College Library, February 2000
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`“Authors’ Rights,” The Journal of Electronic Publishing (December 1999),
`http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/05-02/bennett.html
`
`“Information-Based Productivity,” in Technology and Scholarly Communication, ed. Richard Ekman
`and Richard E. Quandt (Berkeley, 1999), pp. 73-94
`
`“Just-In-Time Scholarly Monographs: or, Is There a Cavalry Bugle Call for Beleaguered Authors and
`Publishers?” The Journal of Electronic Publishing (September 1998),
`http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/04-01/bennett.html
`
`“Re-engineering Scholarly Communication: Thoughts Addressed to Authors,” Scholarly Publishing,
`27 (1996), 185-196
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`“The Copyright Challenge: Strengthening the Public Interest in the Digital Age,” Library Journal, 15
`November 1994, pp. 34-37
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`“The Management of Intellectual Property,” Computers in Libraries, 14 (May 1994), 18-20
`
`“Repositioning University Presses in Scholarly Communication,” Journal of Scholarly Publishing, 25
`(1994), 243-248. Reprinted in The Essential JSP. Critical Insights into the World of Scholarly
`Publishing. Volume 1: University Presses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp. 147-153
`
`“Preservation and the Economic Investment Model,” in Preservation Research and Development.
`Round Table Proceedings, September 28-29, 1992, ed. Carrie Beyer (Washington, D.C.: Library of
`Congress, 1993), pp. 17-18
`
`“Copyright and Innovation in Electronic Publishing: A Commentary,” Journal of Academic
`Librarianship, 19 (1993), 87-91; reprinted in condensed form in Library Issues: Briefings for Faculty
`and Administrators, 14 (September 1993)
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`with Nina Matheson, “Scholarly Articles: Valuable Commodities for Universities,” Chronicle of
`Higher Education, 27 May 1992, pp. B1-B3
`
`“Strategies for Increasing [Preservation] Productivity,” Minutes of the [119th] Meeting [of the
`Association of Research Libraries] (Washington, D.C., 1992), pp. 39-40
`
`“Management Issues: The Director’s Perspective,” and “Cooperative Approaches to Mass
`Deacidification: Mid-Atlantic Region,” in A Roundtable on Mass Deacidification, ed. Peter G. Sparks
`(Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries, 1992), pp. 15-18, 54-55
`
`“The Boat that Must Stay Afloat: Academic Libraries in Hard Times,” Scholarly Publishing, 23
`(1992), 131-137
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`“Buying Time: An Alternative for the Preservation of Library Material,” ACLS Newsletter, Second
`Series 3 (Summer, 1991), 10-11
`
`“The Golden Stain of Time: Preserving Victorian Periodicals” in Investigating Victorian Journalism,
`ed. Laurel Brake, Alex Jones, and Lionel Madden (London: Macmillan, 1990), pp. 166-183
`
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`“Commentary on the Stephens and Haley Papers” in Coordinating Cooperative Collection
`Development: A National Perspective, an issue of Resource Sharing and Information Networks, 2
`(1985), 199-201
`
`“The Ed