(cid:56)(cid:49)(cid:44)(cid:55)(cid:40)(cid:39)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:36)(cid:55)(cid:40)(cid:54)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:36)(cid:55)(cid:40)(cid:49)(cid:55)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:49)(cid:39)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:36)(cid:39)(cid:40)(cid:48)(cid:36)(cid:53)(cid:46)(cid:3)(cid:50)(cid:41)(cid:41)(cid:44)(cid:38)(cid:40)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:37)(cid:40)(cid:41)(cid:50)(cid:53)(cid:40)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:43)(cid:40)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:36)(cid:55)(cid:40)(cid:49)(cid:55)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:44)(cid:36)(cid:47)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:49)(cid:39)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:51)(cid:51)(cid:40)(cid:36)(cid:47)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:50)(cid:36)(cid:53)(cid:39)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:54)(cid:36)(cid:48)(cid:54)(cid:56)(cid:49)(cid:42)(cid:3)(cid:40)(cid:47)(cid:40)(cid:38)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:50)(cid:49)(cid:44)(cid:38)(cid:54)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:50)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:47)(cid:55)(cid:39)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:49)(cid:39)(cid:3)
`(cid:54)(cid:36)(cid:48)(cid:54)(cid:56)(cid:49)(cid:42)(cid:3)(cid:40)(cid:47)(cid:40)(cid:38)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:50)(cid:49)(cid:44)(cid:38)(cid:54)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:48)(cid:40)(cid:53)(cid:44)(cid:38)(cid:36)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:49)(cid:38)(cid:17)(cid:3)
`(cid:51)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:89)(cid:17)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:44)(cid:48)(cid:36)(cid:42)(cid:40)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:53)(cid:50)(cid:38)(cid:40)(cid:54)(cid:54)(cid:44)(cid:49)(cid:42)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:40)(cid:38)(cid:43)(cid:49)(cid:50)(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:42)(cid:44)(cid:40)(cid:54)(cid:3)(cid:47)(cid:47)(cid:38)(cid:15)(cid:3)
`(cid:51)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:50)(cid:90)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:38)(cid:68)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:49)(cid:82)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:51)(cid:53)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:27)(cid:3)
`(cid:56)(cid:17)(cid:54)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:49)(cid:82)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:27)(cid:15)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:22)(cid:15)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:3)
`(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:66)(cid:3)
`
`(cid:51)(cid:40)(cid:55)(cid:44)(cid:55)(cid:44)(cid:50)(cid:49)(cid:40)(cid:53)(cid:182)(cid:54)(cid:3)(cid:39)(cid:40)(cid:48)(cid:50)(cid:49)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:36)(cid:55)(cid:44)(cid:57)(cid:40)(cid:54)(cid:3)(cid:41)(cid:50)(cid:53)(cid:3)(cid:50)(cid:53)(cid:36)(cid:47)(cid:3)(cid:43)(cid:40)(cid:36)(cid:53)(cid:44)(cid:49)(cid:42)(cid:3)
`(cid:11)(cid:40)(cid:59)(cid:43)(cid:44)(cid:37)(cid:44)(cid:55)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:22)(cid:12)(cid:3)
`
`SAMSUNG EXHIBIT 1023
`Samsung v. Image Processing Techs.
`
`

`

`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`U.S. PATENT No. 8,983,134
`Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and
`Samsung Electronics America, Inc.,
`CASE IPR2017-01218
`v.
`Image Processing Technologies, LLC,
`Oral Argument
`June 29, 2018
`
`Samsung’s Demonstrative Exhibits
`
`Petitioners,
`
`Patent Owner.
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`1
`
`

`

`Overview of the ’134 Patent
`
`Claim Construction
`
`Instituted Grounds for Review
`
`Gilbert + Gerhardt + Hashima
`Gerhardt + Bassman
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`2
`
`

`

`Overview of the ’134 Patent
`
`Claim Construction
`
`Instituted Grounds for Review
`
`Gilbert + Gerhardt + Hashima
`Gerhardt + Bassman
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`3
`
`

`

`The ’134 Patent
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`4
`
`

`

`’134 Patent, Claims 3-6 Are At Issue
`3. The process according to claim 1, wherein said image processing system
`comprises at least one component selected from a memory, a temporal processing
`unit, and a spatial processing unit.
`4. The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one histogram
`further comprises successively increasing the size of a selected area until the
`boundary of the target is found.
`5. The process according to claim 4, wherein forming the at least one histogram
`further comprises adjusting a center of the selected area based upon a shape of the
`target until substantially the entire target is within the selected area.
`6. The process according to claim 5, wherein forming the at least one histogram
`further comprises setting the X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima as
`boundaries in X and Y histogram formation units such that only pixels within the
`selected area will be processed by the image processing system
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`Ex. 1001
`
`5
`
`

`

`’134 Patent, Claim 1 (Already Found Invalid)
`1[pre]
`1[a]
`1[b]
`1[c]
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`6
`
`

`

`’134 Patent, Claims 3-6 (Depend from claim 1)
`
`Claim Language
`
`Disputed Elements
`“A process of tracking a target in an input signal implemented using a system comprising an image
`processing system, the input signal comprising a succession of frames, each frame comprising a
`succession of pixels, the target comprising pixels in one or more of a plurality of classes in one or
`more of a plurality of domains, the process performed by said system comprising, on a frame-by-
`frame basis:”
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a plurality of classes in the
`one or more of a plurality of domains, said at least one histogram referring to classes defining
`said target; and”
`“identifying the target in said at least one histogram itself”
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises determining X minima and maxima
`and Y minima and maxima of boundaries of the target.”
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO disputes only elements of claim 1 that were already construed in the
`IPR2017-00353 Final Written Decision, which found claim 1 invalid
`
`7
`
`Element
`
`1[pre]
`
`1[a]
`
`1[b]
`
`1[c]
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`

`

`Forming at Least One Histogram
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`’134 Patent, Fig. 16
`’134 Patent, Fig. 17
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`Ex. 1001 at Figs. 16, 17; Petition at 9; Reply at 9-11
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`8
`
`

`

`Identifying Target in Histogram Itself
`“identifying the target in said at least one histogram itself”
`’134 Patent, Fig. 16
`’134 Patent, Fig. 17
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[b]
`
`Ex. 1001 at Figs. 16, 17; Petition at 9; Reply at 10-12
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`9
`
`

`

`Determining X and Y Minima and Maxima
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`’134 Patent, Fig. 17
`’134 Patent, Fig. 16
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`Ex. 1001 at Figs. 16, 17; Petition at 9; Reply at 10-12
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`10
`
`

`

`Gilbert
`
`Gerhardt
`
`Hashima
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`PO Disputes Claim Construction in IPR2017-0353 FWD
`PO arguments rely entirely on constructions
`already rejected in a Final Written Decision
`Claim
`Element
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[pre]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[b]1[a]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[c]3-6
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`11
`
`

`

`Gilbert
`
`Gerhardt
`
`Hashima
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`PO Disputes Claim Construction in IPR2017-0353 FWD
`Claim 1 already found invalid in IPR2017-00353 over Gilbert & Hashima.
`PO does not dispute that all claims are invalid under that construction
`Claim
`Element
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[pre]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[b]1[a]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[c]3-6
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`12
`
`

`

`Overview of the ’134 Patent
`
`Claim Construction
`
`Instituted Grounds for Review
`
`Gilbert + Gerhardt + Hashima
`Gerhardt + Bassman
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`13
`
`

`

`Patent Owner Construes Three Phrases
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises . . .”
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`14
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c],
`4-6
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`

`

`Patent Owner Construes Three Phrases
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`v
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises . . .”
`v
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`15
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c],
`4-6
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`PO’s Construction Already Rejected In Related IPR
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`•PO interprets “one or more” as “two or more”:
`“forming a histogram of the pixels in two or more classes that
`are in two or more domains” PO Resp. at 55
`•Rejected by the Board in Institution Decision in IPR2017-00353:
`•Board found PO construction would render “one or more” superfluous
`•Board construed “to encompass at least oneclass from among a plurality
`of possible classes and at least onedomain from among a plurality of
`possible domains” Institution Decision, IPR2017-00353 at 9-10
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`16
`
`

`

`Patent Owner Construes Three Phrases
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`v
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`v
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises . . .”
`v
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`17
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c],
`4-6
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`PO’s Construction Was Already Rejected In Final Written Decision
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`• PO argues “the histogram must refer only to classes defining said target.” PO
`Resp. at 31 (disagreeing with Board), 53-54 (distinguishing prior art)
`• Final Written Decision in IPR2017-00353 rejected this construction:
`“‘said at least one histogram referring to classes defining said target’ is not
`limited to ‘said at least one histogram referring to only classes defining
`said target’” IPR2017-00353, Paper 37, FWDat 12
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`18
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`PO’s Incorrect Construction Is Inconsistent With The Plain Meaning
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`•PO’s construction interpreting “referring to”as “made up only of”
`is incorrect PO Resp. at 30, 53-54
`“Referring to” classes does not require excluding
`pixels in any class that does not define the target.
`Reply at 3-4
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`19
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`PO’s Construction Is Inconsistent With The Specification
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`’134 Patent, Fig. 12
`Patent Owner admits:
`“the target in Figure 12 is defined
`by, for example, ‘significant speeds’
`(see Ex. 1001 at 21:37-40).”
`PO Resp. at 36-37
`But the histograms include
`pixels that fall outsideof the
`class of “significant speeds”
`defined by La, Lb, Lc, and Ld
`Reply at 5-6.
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`Ex. 1001; Reply at 5-6.
`
`20
`
`

`

`Patent Owner Construes Three Phrases
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`v
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises . . .”
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`21
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c],
`4-6
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`PO’s Construction Already Rejected In Final Written Decision
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`PO does not formally propose a construction
`•Instead argues that claim excludes“later calculation to determine X
`and Y boundaries” that is performed “after formation of the
`histogram.” PO Resp. at 20
`Rejected by the Board in FWDin IPR2017-00353:
`“claim 1 does not precludecreating a histogram, and then
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima
`of boundaries of the target from that histogram, from both
`being part of the ‘forming’ step.” IPR2017-00353, Paper 37 at 18
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`PO Resp. at 13; Reply at 9; Institution Decision at 20
`
`22
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`PO’s Construction Is Inconsistent With The Specification
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`PO argues determination must be
`’134 Patent, Fig. 17
`made without taking any additional
`actions after creating the histogram
`But patent describes
`• histograms are formed,
`• thenpeaks are used to calculate
`X/Y minima/maxima of the target
`PO’s construction excludes this
`embodiment Reply at 9-13
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`Reply at 9-13; Ex. 1001 at Fig. 17
`
`23
`
`

`

`PO Incorrectly Argues Figs. 17 and 20-23 Are Separate Embodiments
`But Figs. 17, and 20-23 all depict the sameembodiment, forming histogram of pixels with DP=1
`Fig. 17
`Fig. 22
`
`“[T]he system of the invention is set to identify
`only pixels with DP=1, and to form a
`histogram of these pixels . . . This is illustrated
`in Fig. 17.” Ex. 1001 at 22:48-55
`PO SuppResp. at 4; Ex. 1001
`
`“Referring to Fig. 22, when the area under consideration
`begins to cross the borders of target 218, the histograms
`222 and 224 for the x and y projections will begin to
`include pixels in which DP=1” Ex. 1001 at 24:38-41
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`24
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 4
`
`PO Adds Nonexistent Limitations To Claims
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`“The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one
`histogram further comprisessuccessively increasing the size of a
`selected area until the boundary of the target is found.
`•PO argues all steps must be performed duringhistogram
`creation PO SuppResp. at 1-2
`•PO argues all steps must be performed within a single
`frame PO SuppResp. at 3-5
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`25
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 4
`
`Final Written Decision Allows Subsequent Steps
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`“claim 1 does not precludecreating a histogram, and then
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target from that histogram, from both being part of
`the ‘forming’ step.” IPR2017-00353, Paper 37 (Final Written Decision) at 18
`“The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one
`histogram further comprisessuccessively increasing the size of a
`selected area until the boundary of the target is found.
`Claims 4-6 use the same language and must be construed the
`same way
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`26
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 4
`
`Subsequent Steps Are Not Excluded From Scope
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`“The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one
`histogram further comprisessuccessively increasing the size of a
`selected area until the boundary of the target is found.
`“Forming” the histogram
`cannot exclude subsequent
`steps, or claim 4 would not
`be functional. See iterative
`steps of Figs. 21, 22, 23
`Reply at 13; Supp. Reply 2-5
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`Reply at13; Supp. Reply at 2-5; Ex. 1001 at Figs. 21-23
`
`27
`
`

`

`PO’s Construction Is Inconsistent With Claim 6
`“The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one
`histogram further comprises successively increasing the size of a
`selected area until the boundary of the target is found.”
`“The process according toclaim 5, wherein forming the at least one histogram
`further comprisessetting the X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima as
`boundaries in X and Y histogram formation units such that only pixels within the
`selected areawill be processed by the image processing system.”
`Cannot change size during
`histogram creation or claim
`6 would not be functional.
`Supp. Reply 2
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`28
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 4
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 6
`
`Supp. Reply at 2; Ex. 1001 at Figs. 21-23
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 4
`
`“Forming” not limited to a single frame
`“The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one
`histogram further comprises successively increasing the size of a
`selected area until the boundary of the target is found.
`Only disclosure of clearing
`histogram memory to
`calculate new histogram
`occurs betweenframes.
`Reply at 13; Supp. Reply 2-5
`“Between frames, memory 100 is initiated, i.e., cleared of all memory . . .” Ex. 1001 at 17:60-62
`“At the completion of the formation of the histogram in memory 100 at the end of each frame, . .
`. the memories 100 are cleared and units 112 are re-initialized for processing the next frame.”
`Ex. 1001 at 19:63-20:2
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`Supp. Reply at 5; Ex. 1001 at Figs. 21-23, 17:55-62, 19:63-20:2
`
`29
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 4
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 5
`
`“Forming” not limited to a single frame
`“The process according to claim 1, wherein forming the at least one
`histogramfurther comprises successively increasing the size of a selected
`area until the boundary of the target is found.
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises adjusting
`a center of the selected area based upon a shape of the target until
`substantially the entire target is within the selected area.”
`“It will be appreciated that as the target moves, the targeting box
`Patent discloses adjusting
`will move with the target, constantly adjusting the center of the
`center and enlarging
`targeting box based upon the movement of the target and
`enlarging and reducing the sizeof the targeting box.” Ex. 1001 at
`targeting box as the target
`25:16-19
`moves, i.e., across multiple
`frames.Supp. Reply 4
`“After additional iterations, as shown in Fig. 23, it being
`undertstood that the center of the box bounding the area of
`consideration may have moved from the prior iteration, the box
`will be largerthan the target . . .” Ex. 1001 at 24:55-58.
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`Supp. Reply at 4; Ex. 1001 at Figs. 21-23, 25:16-19, 24:55-58
`
`30
`
`

`

`PO’s Prosecution History Argument Has Been Rejected
`•PO argues the examiner’s “pattern of rejections and allowances”
`of other claims during prosecution limits the scope of element
`1[c] but cites no clear disclaimer. PO Supp. Reply at 7
`“An ambiguous disclaimer . . . does not advance the patent's notice function or
`justify public reliance, and the court willnot use it to limit a claim term's
`ordinary meaning.” Sandisk Corp. v. Memorex Prods., 415 F.3d 1278, 1287(Fed. Cir. 2005)
`•The Board already rejected this argumentin IPR2017-00353.
`“We have reviewed the prosecution history in Exhibit 1004, and do not find
`support for Patent Owner’s construction. . . We do not find, and Patent Owner
`has not pointed us to, any disavowal of claim scope or any other statement in
`the prosecution history that clearly limits claim 1 to a particular embodiment in
`the specification.” IPR2017-00353, Final Written Decision at 17.
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`31
`
`

`

`Overview of the ’134 Patent
`
`Claim Construction
`
`Instituted Grounds for Review
`
`Gilbert + Gerhardt + Hashima
`Gerhardt + Bassman
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`32
`
`

`

`Gilbert
`
`Gerhardt
`
`Hashima
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Obviousness Over Gilbert, Gerhardt, and Hashima
`PO disputes the disclosure of only certain limitations and only under
`constructions already rejected in IPR2017-00353 Final Written Decision
`Claim
`Element
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[pre]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[b]1[a]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[c]3-6
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`33
`
`

`

`Gilbert
`
`Gerhardt
`
`Hashima
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Board’s
`Construction
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Obviousness Over Gilbert, Gerhardt, and Hashima
`Claim 1 already found invalid in IPR2017-00353 over Gilbert & Hashima.
`PO does not dispute that all claims are invalid under those constructions
`Claim
`Element
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[pre]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[b]1[a]
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`1[c]3-6
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`Not Disputed
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO’s
`Rejected
`Construction
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`Disputed
`
`34
`
`

`

`Overview of Gilbert
`•Gilbert published in IEEE Transactions
`on Pattern Analysis and Machine
`Intelligence in January 1980
`Petition at 21
`•Creates projection histograms of
`pixels having intensity values that
`classify them as part of the target
`•Projection histograms identify
`Petition at 26-28; Reply at 25-27
`target and determine its minimum
`and maximum extent in the X-Y
`coordinate space
`Petition at 26-28, 69-70; Reply at 25-27
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`Ex. 1005 (Gilbert) at 47, 51; Petition at 21, 26-27, 69-70; Reply at 25-27
`
`35
`
`

`

`Overview of Gerhardt
`•Gerhardt patent granted January 2, 1996
`•Creates intensity histogram of pixels in eye
`region and identifies darkest pixels as
`potential pupil
`Petition at 13-14; Ex. 1013 at Fig. 5, 9:39-61
`•Creates binary image from darkest 5% of
`histogram and uses “region-growing” method
`to determine max and min X and Y position
`and centroid of “blob” representing pupil
`Petition at 14-15; Ex. 1013 at Figs. 6,10, 8:34-37, 12:32-61
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`36
`
`Ex. 1013 (Gilbert); Petition at 13-15
`
`

`

`Overview of Hashima
`•Hashima patent granted
`May 28, 1996
`Petition at 30
`•Creates projection
`histograms of black pixels in a
`black-and-white target
`Petition at 32, Reply at 23
`•Projection histograms identify
`target and determine its minimum
`and maximum extent in the X and
`Y directions
`Petition at 33-34; Reply at 27-28
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`Ex. 1006 (Hashima); Petition at 30, 3-34; Reply at 23, 27-28.
`
`37
`
`

`

`’134 Patent, Element 1[a]
`
`1[pre]
`1[a]
`1[b]
`1[c]
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`38
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`Gilbert Already Found To Disclose 1[a] In Final Written Decision
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`•PO does not dispute Gilbert discloses 1[a] under the Board’s
`preliminary construction here and in Final Written Decision in
`IPR2017-00353
`•PO only disputes whether the intensity histogramof Gilbert
`satisfies 1[a] under PO’s already rejected construction
`“X and Y ranges of a square window do not define the target if the x-range and
`y-range include both target and non-target ranges . . .” PO Resp. at 61
`•Does noteven address Gilbert’s projection histogram in
`the Response Reply at 22
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`PO Resp. at 61; Reply at 21-22
`
`39
`
`

`

`Even Under PO’s Construction, Gilbert Discloses 1[a]
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`Even under PO’s proposed
`Ex. 1005 (Gilbert) at 50-51
`construction, Gilbert’s projection
`histogramsdisclose element 1[a]
`•Pixels of certain intensity values are
`classified as target pixels
`• Onlypixels in the target intensity
`class are formed into projection
`histograms in X-and Y-coordinate
`space
`Reply at 22
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO does not dispute
`
`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`Ex. 1005 at 50-51; Reply at 22
`
`40
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`Gerhardt discloses 1[a] Under Board’s Construction
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`•PO does not dispute Gerhardt discloses 1[a] under the Board’s
`preliminary construction here and in Final Written Decision in
`IPR2017-00353
`•PO only disputes whether Gerhardt’s intensity histograms
`satisfy 1[a] under PO’s rejected construction
`“Both Gerhardt and Bassmandisclose intensity histograms of allof the pixels
`in an area.”
`PO Resp. at 54
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`PO Resp. at 38; Reply at 13-14
`
`41
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`Even Under PO’s Construction, Gerhardt discloses 1[a]
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`•Gerhardt discloses histograms of only an active sub-region:
`“By keeping a running average of the
`Thus, only a subset of pixels
`centroid location for previously-selected
`within the sub-area
`pupil blobs, an active image region can be
`surrounding the target are
`examined that is centered about the
`included in the histogram.
`running average centroid location.”
`Reply at 17-18
`Ex. 1013 at 21:1-18; Reply at 18
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`PO Resp. at 38; Reply at 13-14
`
`42
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`HashimaAlready Found To Disclose 1[a] In Final Written Decision
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`•PO does not dispute that Hashimadiscloses 1[a] under the
`Board’s preliminary construction here and in Final Written
`Decision in IPR2017-00353
`•PO only disputes whether Hashimadiscloses 1[a] under
`PO’s rejected construction:
`“X and Y ranges of a square window do not define the target if the x-
`range and y-range include both target and non-target ranges . . .”
`PO Resp. at 61
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`PO Resp. at 61
`
`43
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[a]
`
`Even Under PO’s Construction, HashimaDiscloses 1[a]
`“forming at least one histogram of the pixels in the one or more of a
`plurality of classes in the one or more of a plurality of domains, said at
`least one histogram referring to classes defining said target”
`Even under PO’s rejected construction, Hashima
`Ex. 1006 (Hashima)
`discloses element 1[a]
`• Only blackpixels of target (black circle with white
`triangle) are included in projection histograms.
`PO’s expert admits white pixels are not counted:
`Q. But you would agree that the projection histograms in Figure 6
`include the black pixels, but they don’t include the white pixels
`in the target; right?
`A. Well, I mean --I mean, let me be more precise. Okay? So if I say
`they’re not included, they are included. It’s just that they don’t
`Ex. 2012 (BovikDep. Tr.) at 119:16-23
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`contribute to the height of the histogram there.
`
`Ex. 1005 at 50-51; Reply at 23
`
`44
`
`

`

`’134 Patent, Element 1[c]
`
`1[pre]
`1[a]
`1[b]
`1[c]
`
`Ex. 1001
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`45
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`Gilbert Already Found To Disclose 1[c] In Final Written Decision
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`•PO admits that Gilbert discloses 1[c] under the Board’s interpretation
`in the Institution Decision and in the Final Written Decision in
`IPR2017-00353
`IPT’sexpert admits Gilbert discloses “nose and tail points” derived from the
`histogram.Ex. 2012, 112:17-25; Reply at 27.
`•PO only disputes whether Gilbert discloses 1[c] under PO’s rejected
`“Calculations based on the projection histograms happen after those histograms
`are completely formed.”PO Resp. at 58
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`construction:
`
`46
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`Even Under PO’s Construction, Gilbert Discloses 1[c]
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`Even under PO’s rejected construction,
`Ex. 1005 (Gilbert)
`Gilbert discloses element 1[c]
`•X/Y min/max are immediately known from the
`Gilbert projection histograms - e.g., “nose” and
`“tail” points
`•Thus, forming the histogram also determines the
`X/Y min/max
`PO’s expert argues using nose and tail points as
`X/Y min/max is subject to noise
`•But claim 1 recites no requirement of noise immunity
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`Ex. 1005 (Gilbert) at 50-51; Figs. 3, 4; Reply at 26-27
`
`47
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`Gerhardt Discloses 1[c] Under Board’s Construction
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`•PO admits that Gerhardt discloses 1[c] under the Board’s
`interpretation in the Institution Decision here and in Final Written
`Decision in IPR2017-00353
`“Gerhardt instead discloses . . . binarizingthe image and then grouping together
`pixels that are adjacent to each other in the binarizedimage”PO Resp. at 56
`•PO only disputes whether Gerhardt discloses 1[c] under PO’s
`“Gerhardt does not suggest determining target boundaries as part of forming the
`histogram”PO Resp. at 56 (emphasis added)
`
`Samsung Ex. 1023Samsung Ex. 1023
`
`rejected construction:
`
`48
`
`

`

`’134 Patent
`Claim 1[c]
`
`Even Under PO’s Construction, Gerhardt Discloses 1[c]
`“wherein forming the at least one histogram further comprises
`determining X minima and maxima and Y minima and maxima of
`boundaries of the target.”
`Gerhardt may increase speed by using smaller active
`region for blob definition process:
`• “by limiting examination, and thus blob definition, to only a
`portion of the full pixel image (say, a 320x240 or 220x160 pixel
`subset), system speed can be increased significantly.” Ex. 1013 at
`21:4-7
`That smaller portion that is histogrammed is derived from
`the prior blob centroid
`• “an active image region can be examined that is centered about
`the running average centroid location” Ex. 1013 at 21:9-1