RTS
`MEDICAL
`DICTIONARY
`28th Edition
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`LUPIN EX. 1019
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`STEDMAN'S
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`CLIONATY—ccoomexoer=> +
`28th Edition
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`Illustrated in Color
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`Publisher: Julie K. Stegman
`Senior Product Manager: Eric Branger
`Associate Managing Editor: Tiffany Piper
`Marketing Manager: Yvonne Palmer
`New Terms Editor: Thomas W.Filardo, MD
`Etymology Editor: John H. Dirckx, MD
`Chief Copyeditor; Raymond Lukens
`Copyeditors: Ellen Atwood, Vincent Ercolano, Ellen Erkess, Linda Searing
`Pronunciations Editor: William R. Hensyl
`On-Line Editors: BarbaraL.Ferretti, Kathryn J. Cadle, Lisa Fahnestock
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`Michael Schenk, Larry Ward
`Graphic Artist: Susan Caldwell
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`Copyright &2006
`Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
`A Wolters Kluwer Health Company
`351 West CamdenStreet
`Baltimore, Maryland 21201-2436 USA
`www.stedmans.com
`stedmans@Iww.com
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`Copyright © by William Wood and Company: 1911, Ist ed.; 1912, 2nd ed.; 1914, 34 ed.; 916, 4th ed.; 1918, 5th
`ed.; 1920, 6th ed.; 1922, 7th ed.; 1924, 8th ed.; 1926, 9th ed.; 1928, 10th ed.; 1930,
`] [th ed.
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`Copyright © by Williams & Wilkins: 1933, 12th ed; 1935, 13th ed.; 1939, 14th ed,; 1942, 15th ed.; 1946, 16th ed.;
`1949, 17th ed.; 1953, 18th ed.; 1957, 19th ed.; 1961, 20th ed.; 1966, 21st ed.; 1972, 22nd ed.; 1976, 23rd ed.; 1982,
`24th ed.; 1990, 25th ed.; 1995, 26th ed.
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`Copyright © by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 2000, 27th ed.
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`All rights reserved. This book and software are protected by copyright. Nopart of this book or software may be
`reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying,or utilized by any information storage and
`retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner.
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`Stedman's, STEDMAN’Sis a registered trademark of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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`The publisher is not responsible (as a matter of productliability, negligence or otherwise) for any injury resulting
`from any material containedherein. This publication contains information relating to general principles of medical
`care which should not be construed as specific instructions for individual patients. Manufacturers’ product informa-
`tion and package inserts should be reviewed for currentinformation, including contraindications, dosages and pre-
`cautions.
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`Database design by Lexi-Comp Inc. Hudson, OH
`Printed in the United States of America by Quebecor World
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Stedman, Thomas Lathrop, 1853-1938.
`Stedman's medical dictionary.
`—28th ed.
`p-; cm.
`Includes bibliographical references and index.
`ISBN-13:978-0-78 1 7-3390-8
`ISBN 0-7817-3390-1 (alk. paper)
`II. Title: Medical dictionary.
`I. Medicine--Dictionaries.
`I. Title.
`[DNLM:
`1. Medicine—Dictionary--English. W 13 S812m 2006]
`R121.88 2006
`610'3--de22
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`2005021544
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`07 08 09
`2345
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`ES=
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`fasciolid
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`707
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`fatty acid
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` Parasiti-
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`[L. fasti-
`
`fas-ci-o-lid (fa-sé’6-lid, fa-si’). A member of the family Fasci-
`olidae.
`fas-ci-o-lop-si-a-sis (fas’é-d-lop-si'4-sis, fa-si’o-).
`zation by any of the flukes of the genus Fasciolopsis.
`Fas- ci- 0-lop-Sis (fa'séi-o-lop’sis). A genusofJarge intestinal
`fasciolid flukes. [Fasciola + G. opsis, form, appearance]
`F. buski, the large intestinal fluke, a species found in theintes-
`tine of humans in eastern and southern Asia;
`transmitted via
`ingestion of water chestnuts or other vegetation contaminated
`with infective metacercariae.
`F. rathouisi, a species reported from China in a few cases in the
`intestine or liver; possibly the same as F. buski.
`fas-ci-or-rha-phy (fash’é-dr's-fé). Suture of a fascia or apo-
`neurosis. sYN aponeurorhaphy.
`[fascio- + G. rhaphé, suture]
`fasclosls (fash’é-d-sis). A degenerative or other symptomatic
`disease of afascia.
`Incision through a fascia;
`fas-ci-ot-O-my (fash’é-ot’6-mé).
`used in the treatment of certain disorders and injuries when
`marked swelling is present or anticipated, that could compromise
`blood flow; f. may be combined with embolectomy in the treat-
`ment of acute arterial embolism. [fascio- + G. tome, incision]
`fas-ci-tis (fa-si'tis). syn fasciitis.
`FASD Abbreviation for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, under
`disorder.
`1. Durable; resistant to change; applied to stained
`fast (fast).
`microorganisms that cannot be decolorized. see ALSo acid-fast. 2.
`To not eat. [A.S. foest, firm, fixed]
`fast green FCF (fast grén) [C.1. 42053]. An acid arylmethane
`dye widely used in histology and cytology and less subject to
`fading than light green FCF that it has replaced in many proce-
`dures; used as a quantitative cytochemical stain for histones at
`alkaline pH after acid extraction of DNA,and alsoin electropho-
`Tesis as a protein stain.
`In bacteriology, having precise nu-
`fas-tid-j-ous (fas-tid’é-iis).
`tritional and environmental requirements.
`fas-ti-ga-tum (fas’ti-ga’tim), svn fastigial nucleus.
`Salus, pointed]
`1 [TA]. Apex of the roof of the
`fas-tig-i-um (fas-tij’@-im).
`fourth ventricle of the brain, an angle formed bythe anterior and
`Posterior medullary vela extending into the substanceofthe ver-
`mis. 2. The acme or period of full developmentofa disease. [L.
`top, as of a gable; a pointed extremity]
`fast-ness (fast’nes). The state of tolerance exhibited by bacteria
`fot a drug orother agent. see fast.
`at (fat). 1. syw adipose fissue. 2. Common term for obese. 3. A
`teasy, soft-solid material, found in animal
`tissues and many
`Pants, composed of a mixture of glycerol esters; together with
`eS f.'s comprise the homolipids. 4. A triacylglycerol or a mix-
`Te of triacylglycerols. [A.S. faef]
`on f., brown thermogenic tissue composed of cells contain-
`oI & numerous fat droplets and rich in heme-containing cyto-
`= and mitochondria; lobular masses are found in the inter-
`ae @r and mediastinal regions, among otherlocations; although
`ae Most commonly in certain hibernating animals, also occurs
`hice rodents, and human neonates. sYN brown adipose tissue,
`mule gland, interscapular gland, interscapular hibermoma,
`mul Ocular adipose tissue, multilocular f.
`tilocular f., syn brown f
`ney
`;
`ofal f., a triester of fatty acids and glycerol(i.e., triacylglycer-
`fragnephic f. [TA], perirenalf.SYN capsula adiposa perirenalis
`etitenalfee: ransule: capsula adiposarenis, fatty renal capsule,
`te
`apsule,
`conebulbar f. [TA],
`the mass of f. contained in the orbit that
`rbitae CTs to the support of,the eyeball. syn corpus adiposum
`Satura A], orbital fat body, fat body oforbit, orbital fat-pad.
`Split
`€d
`f., sez saturated furry acid.
`Neutral¢ free fatty acids, as reduced by the action oflipases,
`’ S, or phospholipids.
`
`Te
`ig
`ad
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`unilocular f., adipose tissue in which the fat is present in a
`single droplet within the fat cells. syn white f. (2).
`unsaturated f., sce unsaturated farry acid.
`white f., (1) syn adipose fissze:
`(2) syn unilocular
`fa-tal (fa’til). Pertaining to or causing death; denoting especially
`inevitability or inescapability of death. [L. fatalis, of or belonging
`to fate]
`fa-tal-i-ty (f-tal'i-té). 1. A condition, disease, or disaster ending
`in death. 2. An individual instance of death.
`fate (fat). The ultimate outcome.
`Prospective f.,
`the normal development by any part of the
`oocyte or embryo without interference.
`fat-i-ga-bil-i-ty (fat'i-gi-bil’i-té). Avoid the misspelling fa-
`tiguability and the mispronunciation fatig’ability. A condition in
`which fatigue is easily induced.
`fa-ti-ga-ble (fat’i-gi-bél). Tiring on very slight exertion. [L.
`fatigabilis, easily ured, fr. fatigo, to tire]
`fa-tigue (fa-tég’). 1. That state, following a period of mental or
`bodily activity, characterized by a lessened capacity or motivation
`for work and reduced efficiency of accomplishment, usually ac-
`companied by a feeling of weariness, sleepiness, irritability, or
`loss of ambition; may also supervene when, from any cause,
`energy expenditure outstrips restorative processes and may be
`confined to a single organ. 2. Sensation of boredom andlassitude
`due to absence of stimulation, monotony, or lack of interest in
`one’s surroundings.[Fr., fr. L. fatigo, to tire]
`auditory f., brief reduction of hearing threshold sensitivity after
`exposure to sound.
`battlef., a term used to denote psychiatric illness consequent to
`the stresses of battle. syn shell shock.
`functional vocalf., syn phonasthcnia.
`idiopathic chronic f., severe long-lasting f. not meeting the
`stringent criteria for chronic f. syndrome (q.v.).
`fat-pad (fat’‘pad) [TA]. An accumulation of somewhat eneapsu-
`lated adipose tissue. syN corpus adiposum [TA], fat body™.
`Bichat f.-p. (b&-shah’), syn buccal [.-p.
`buccalf.-p., an encapsuled massof fat in the cheek on the outer
`side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant;
`supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of
`sucking. SYN corpus adiposum buccae [TA], Bichat f.-p., Bichat
`protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad,
`suctorial pad.
`imlachf.-p. (im‘lak), fat surrounding the round ligament of the
`uterus in the inguinal canal.
`infrapatellar f.-p. [TA],
`the fatty mass that occupies the area
`between the patellar ligament and the infrapatellar synovial fold
`of the knee joint. syn corpus adiposum infrapatellare [TA], infra-
`patellar fat body.
`ischiorectal f.-p., syn fat bodyof ischioanal fossa.
`orbital f.-p., syn retrobulbar far.
`fat-ty (fat’é). Oily or greasy; relating in any sensetofat.
`fat-ty ac-id (fat’é as‘id). Any acid derived from fats by hydroly-
`sis (e.g., oleic, palmitic, or stearic acids); any long-chain monoba-
`sic organic acid; they accumulate in disorders associated with the
`peroxisomes.
`activatedf. a., a fatty acyl-coenzyme A thiol ester.
`diethenoid f. a., a f. a. containing two double bonds,e.g., lino-
`leic acid.
`essential f. a., a f. a. that is nutritionally essential; e.g., linoleic
`acid, linolenic acid.
`o-3 f. a.’s, a class of f. a’s that have a double bond three car-
`bons from the methyl moiety; reportedly,
`they play a role in
`lowering cholesterol and LDL levels. syn omega-3 f. a.’s.
`omega-3 f. a.’5, syn @-2 {us
`saturated f. a., a f. a., the carbon chain of which contains no
`ethylenic or other unsaturated linkages between carbon atoms
`{e.g., stearic acid and palmitic acid); called saturated because it is
`incapable of absorbing any more hydrogen.
`f. a. synthase complex, the multienzyme complex that cata-
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