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`STE|lMll|\l'S
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`28th Edition
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`Illustrated in Color
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`RECEIVED
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`AUG 2 4 ZUH]
`GOODVW-J :=R'oi."i'-Er.
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`P
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`élb LIPPINCOTTWILLIAMS C4WILKINS
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`A Wolters Kluwer Company
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`Publisher: Julie K. Stegman
`Senior Product Manager: Eric Brangcr
`Associate Managing Editor: Tiffany Piper
`Marketing Manager: Yvonne Palmer
`New Terms Editor: Thomas W. Filardo, MD
`Etymology Editor.‘ John H. Dirckx, MD
`C/tiefCopyeditor.' Raymond Lukens
`Copyeditots: Ellen Atwood, Vincent Ercolano, Ellen Erkess, Linda Searing
`Pronunciations Editor: William R. Hensyl
`On-Line Editors: Barbara L. Ferretti, Kathryn J. Cadle, Lisa Fahnestock
`Proafi'eaders: Richard Diamanti, Raymond Lukens, Kristi Lukens, Jeff Prucher, Linda C. Robbian
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`Additional artwork by: Mary Anna Barratt Dimes, Kathryn Born, Rob Duckwall, Timothy Hengst, Mikki Senkarik,
`Michael Schenk, Larry Ward
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`Copyright L‘: 2006
`Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
`A Wolters Kluwer Health Company
`35l West Camden Street
`Baltimore, Maryland 2l20l-2436 USA
`www.stedmans.com
`stedmans@Iww.com
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`Copyright © by William Wood and Company: l9l I, lst ed.; l9l2, 2nd ed.; I914, 34 ed.; l9l6, 4th ed.; l9l8, 5th
`ed.; I920, 6th ed.; I922, 7th ed.; I924, 8th ed.; I926, 9th ed.; I928, I0th ed.; I930, llth ed.
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`lZth ed; I935, I3th ed.; I939, l4th ed.; I942, I5th ed.; I946, I6th ed.;
`Copyright 1 by Williams & Wilkins: I933,
`I949, 17th ed.; I953, l8th ed.; I957, I9th ed.; I961, 20th ed.; 1966, 21st ed.; 1972, 22nd ed.; I976, 23rd ed.; I982,
`24th ed.; I990, 25th ed.; I995, 26th ed.
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`Copyright I by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 2000, 27th ed.
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`All rights reserved. This book and software are protected by copyright. No part of this book or software may be
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`The publisher is not responsible (as a matter of product liability, negligence or otherwise) for any injury resulting
`from any material contained herein. This publication contains information relating to general principles of medical
`care which should not be construed as specific instructions for individual patients. Manufacturers’ product informa-
`tion and package inserts should be reviewed for current information, including contraindications, dosages and pre-
`cautions.
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`Database design by Lexi-Comp Inc. Hudson, OH
`Printed in the United States of America by Quebecor World
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Stedman, Thomas Lathrop, I853-1938.
`Stedman's medical dictionary.
`28th ed.
`p. ; cm.
`Includes bibliographical references and index.
`ISBN-l3:978-0-7817-3390-8
`ISBN 0-7817-3390-1 (alk. paper)
`II. Title: Medical dictionary.
`I. Medicine--Dictionaries.
`I. Title.
`[DNLM:
`l. Medicine——Dictionary--English. W 13 S8I2m 2006]
`R12 I .S8 2006
`6 I 0'.3 --dc22
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`200502 I 544
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`fasciolid
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`fatty acid
`
`fas-cl-O-lld (fa-se'c'>-lid, fa-si’). A member of the family Fasci-
`olidae.
`
`fas-ci-o-lop-si-a-sis (fas'é-5-lop-si'a-sis, fa-si’o-). Parasiti-
`zation by any of the flukes of the genus Fasciolapsis.
`Fas-ci- a-Iop- sis (fa'sEi-o-lop’sis). A genus of large intestinal
`fasciolid flukes. [Fasciola + G. opsis, form, appearance]
`F, buski, the large intestinal fluke, a species found in the intes-
`tine of humans in eastern and southern Asia;
`transmitted via
`ingestion of water chestnuts or other vegetation contaminated
`with infective metacercariae.
`F. rathouisi, a species reported from China in a few cases in the
`intestine or liver; possibly the same as F. buski.
`fas.ci-or-rha-phy (fash’é-6r’a-fe). Suture of a fascia or apo-
`neurosis. svm aponeurorrhaphy.
`[fascio- + G. rllaplié, suture]
`faSClOSlS (fash’é-6-sis). A degenerative or other symptomatic
`disease of afascia.
`Incision through a fascia;
`fas-cl-ot-O-my (fash’é-ot’o—mé).
`used in the treatment of certain disorders and injuries when
`marked swelling is present or anticipated, that could compromise
`blood flow; f. may be combined with embolectomy in the treat-
`ment of acute arterial embolism. [fascio— + G. tame, incision]
`fas-ci-tis (fa—si'tis). sm fasciitis.
`FASD Abbreviation for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. under
`disorder.
`
`[L. fasti-
`
`1. Durable; resistant to change; applied to stained
`fast (fast).
`microorganisms that cannot be decolorized. SEE ALSO acid-fast. 2.
`To not eat. [A.S. foest, firm, fixed]
`fast green FCF (fast grén) [CI. 42053]. An acid arylmethane
`dye widely used in histology and cytology and less subject to
`fading than light green FCF that it has replaced in many proce-
`dures; used as a quantitative cytochernical stain for histories at
`alkaline pH after acid extraction of DNA, and also in electropho-
`resis as a protein stain.
`In bacteriology, having precise nu-
`fas-tid-i-ous (fas-tid'é-iis).
`tntional and environmental requirements.
`1'35-ti-ga-tum (fas’ti-ga’tfim). SYN fastigial IllIC/l‘H.V.
`gurus. pointed]
`1 [TA]. Apex of the roof of the
`fas-tlg-i-um (£as—tiyr:—ritn).
`fourth ventricle of the brain, an angle formed by the anterior and
`Posterior medullary vela extending into the substance of the ver-
`Hus. 2. The acme or period of full development of a disease. [L.
`‘‘’P- is of a gable; a pointed extremity]
`fast-HESS (fast'nes). The state of tolerance exhibited by bacteria
`I“ 3 drug or other agent. set-: fast.
`at (fat). 1. SYN adipose n's.\ue. 2. Common term for obese. 3. A
`3”‘-35)’. soft-solid material, found in animal
`tissues and many
`Piants. composed of a mixture of glycerol esters; together with
`$13 5'5 comprise the homolipids. 4. A triacylglycerol or a mix-
`“ of tfiacylglycerols. [A.S.fazl‘]
`inmwn f., brown thennogenic tissue composed of cells contain-
`‘: 3 numerous fat droplets and rich in heme-containing cyto-
`Sca“‘T]eS and mitochondria; lobular masses are found in the inter-
`foug: 31' and mediastinal regions, among other locations; although
`in _ most commonly in certain hibernating animals. also occurs
`hibiglgs. rodents, and human neonates. SYN brown adipose tissue,
`mulglllatlng gland. interscapular gland, interscapular hibemoma.
`“cl-1131' adipose tissue, multilocular f.
`:]:"“'°¢u|ar f., SYN brown f
`ollutral 7-; a triester of fatty acids and glycerol (i.e., triacylglycer-
`ll
`.
`['E:?nePhflc f. [TA], petirenal f. SYN capsula adiposa perirenalis
`De '
`' adlpose capsule, capsula adiposa renis, fatty renal capsule,
`re!
`melliil fat capsule.
`-
`(re
`the mass of f. contained in the orbit that
`rohulbar f. [TA],
`or]§'h‘‘;‘;“t=S 10 the support of the eyeball. SYN corpus adiposum
`gm" [TA]. orbital fat body*. fat body of orbit, orbital fat—pad.
`split : ed f-s see saturated fatty acid.
`“Eut,a1",f"°'3 fatty acids, as reduced by the action of lipases,
`f’ 5- or phospholipids.
`
`unilocular f., adipose tissue in which the fat is present in a
`single droplet within the fat cells. SYN white f. (2).
`unsaturated f., SEE unsaturated fatty acid.
`white f., (1) sm adipose rirruc:
`(2) SYN unilocular l’
`fa-tal (f?1’t:"fl). Pertaining to or causing death; denoting especially
`inevitability or inescapability of death. [L.fata(is, of or belonging
`to fate]
`fa-tal-i -ty (fa-tal’i-té). 1. A condition, disease, or disaster ending
`in death. 2. An individual instance of death.
`fate (fat). The ultimate outcome.
`prospective f.,
`the normal development by any part of the
`oocyte or embryo without interference.
`fat-i-ga-bil-i-fy (fat’i—gz‘i-bil’i-té). Avoid the misspelling fa-
`tiguability and the lllispraluulciatiolz fatig’ability. A condition in
`which fatigue is easily induced.
`fa-ti-ga-ble (fat'i—ga—bél). Tiring on very slight exertion. [L.
`fatigabilis, easily tired, fr. fatigo, to tire]
`fa-tigue (fit-tég’). 1. That state. following a period of mental or
`bodily activity, characterized by a lessened capacity or motivation
`for work and reduced efficiency of accomplishment, usually ac-
`companied by a feeling of weariness, sleepiness, irtitability, or
`loss of ambition; may also supervene when, from any cause,
`energy expenditure outstrips restorative processes and may be
`confined to a single organ. 2. Sensation of boredom and lassitude
`due to absence of stimulation, monotony, or lack of interest in
`one‘s surroundings. [Fr., fr. L. farigo, to tire]
`auditory f., brief reduction of hearing threshold sensitivity after
`exposure to sound.
`battle f., a term used to denote psychiatric illness consequent to
`the stresses of battle. SYN shell shock.
`functional vocal f., SYN pllonasthcnia_
`idiopathic chronic f., severe long—lasting f. not meeting the
`st:ringent criteria for chronic f. syndrome (q.v.).
`fat-pad (fat'pad) [TA]. An accumulation of somewhat e_gcapsu—
`lated adipose tissue. SYN corpus adiposum [TA]. fat body .
`Bichat f.-p. (be-shah’), SYN buccal f.-p.
`buccal f.-p., an encapsuled mass of fat in the check on the outer
`side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant;
`supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of
`sucking. SYN corpus adiposum buccae [TA], Bichat f.-p., Bichat
`protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad,
`suctorial pad.
`Imlach f.-p. (im’lak), fat surrounding the round ligament of the
`uterus in the inguinal canal.
`infrapatellar f.-p. [TA],
`the fatty mass that occupies the area
`between the patellar ligament and the infrapatellar synovial fold
`of the knee joint. srm corpus adiposum infrapatellare [TA], infra-
`patellar fat body.
`ischioreetal f.-p., SYN fat body of iscllioanal fossa.
`orbital f.-p., SYN retrobulbarfal.
`fat-ty (fat’e). Oily or greasy; relating in any sense to fat.
`fat-ty ac-id (fat’é as’id). Any acid derived from fats by hydroly-
`sis (e.g., oleic, palmitic, or stearic acids); any long-chain monoba-
`sic organic acid; they accumulate in disorders associated with the
`peroxisomes.
`activated f. a., a fatty acyl-coenzyme A thin] ester.
`diethenoid f. a., a f. a. containing two double bonds, e.g., lino-
`leic acid.
`essential f. a., a f. a. that is nutritionally essential; e.g.. linoleic
`acid, linolenic acid.
`ct)-3 f. a.’s, a class of f. a.‘s that have a double bond three car-
`bons from the methyl moiety; reportedly,
`they play a role in
`lowering cholesterol and LDL levels. SYN omega—3 f. a.‘s.
`omega-3 f. a.‘s, syn w—.= 1
`.i ‘.
`saturated f. a., a f. a., the carbon chain of which contains no
`etlzlylenic or other unsaturated linkages between carbon atoms
`le.g., stearic acid and palmitic acid); called saturated because it is
`incapable of absorbing any more hydrogen.
`f. a. synthase complex, the multienzyme complex that cata-
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