`US008601506B2
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Harwell et al.
`
`(IO) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`*Dec. 3, 2013
`
`(54) CONTENT CREATION AND DISTRIBUTION
`SYSTEM
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Mark A. Harwell, Plano, TX (US);
`Christopher W. Wyatt, Dallas, TX
`(US); Ryland M. Reed, North Richland
`Hills, TX (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Youtoo Technologies, LLC, Irving, TX
`(US)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis(cid:173)
`claimer.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 13/571,476
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Aug.10, 2012
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2012/0304237 Al
`
`Nov. 29, 2012
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63)
`
`Continuation of application No. 13/185,471, filed on
`Jul. 18, 2011, which is a continuation-in-part of
`application No. 13/013,775, filed on Jan. 25, 2011.
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`(58)
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04N7110
`H04N7/025
`U.S. Cl.
`USPC ................ 725/32; 725/36; 725/116; 725/133
`Field of Classification Search
`USPC ............. 725/32, 36, 105, 109, 110, 114, 115,
`725/116, 133, 141, 153
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`5,488,433 A
`5,982,425 A
`6,584,450 Bl
`6,697,103 Bl*
`6,757,482 Bl
`6,774,926 Bl
`6,918,131 Bl
`6,941,515 Bl
`
`1/1996 Washino et al.
`1111999 Allen et al.
`6/2003 Hastings et al.
`212004 Fernandez et al. ............ 348/143
`6/2004 Ochiai et al.
`8/2004 Ellis et al.
`7/2005 Rautila et al.
`912005 Wilkins
`(Continued)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the
`Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or Decla(cid:173)
`ration ( 1 page); International Search Report (2 pages); and Written
`Opinion of the International Searching Authority (8 pages), mailed
`Apr. 9, 2012, for related international application PCT/US2012/
`022355.
`
`(Continued)
`
`John Schnurr
`Primary Examiner -
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Fish & Richardson P.C.
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer pro(cid:173)
`grams encoded on a computer storage medium, for receiving
`and distributing user-generated video content. In one aspect,
`a method includes receiving video data from a client comput(cid:173)
`ing device, where the video data is captured using a camera
`connected to the client computing device in accordance with
`instructions executed on the client computing device to pro(cid:173)
`vide the video data in accordance with predetermined con(cid:173)
`straints. The video data is automatically transcoded into at
`least one different format based on user credentials associated
`with a user of the client computing device and/or attributes
`associated with the video data. At least one format of the
`transcoded video data defines a video file in a format appro(cid:173)
`priate for inclusion in a linear television programming trans(cid:173)
`mission. The transcoded video data is uploaded to a server for
`distribution.
`
`30 Claims, 22 Drawing Sheets
`
`200-z..
`
`Telev1sionDislr'butionSystem .liQ
`
`IPrograrrServer
`
`I Traffic Server
`
`lwebHosl1ngServer
`
`UQ
`
`llil
`"1§:~TranscodingServer
`2Qi~Te1evisionContentServerud
`IF;ashServer
`:=====:
`Adm1n1stral:or Ser;er ml
`I Web Content Server
`.ud--
`~I
`
`lweoAucfo'lServer
`
`I Automated Review
`
`Page 1 of 40
`
`
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`7,562,300 Bl
`7,649,937 B2
`7,769,819 B2
`7,904,490 B2
`8,051,447 B2
`8,189,945 B2
`8,266,667 B2
`8,311,382 Bl
`200110004743 Al
`2002/0056119 Al*
`200210104099 Al *
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`2002/0120930 Al
`2004/0008249 Al *
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`2006/0074752 Al
`2006/0271977 Al
`2006/0294538 Al
`2007/0133034 Al
`200710162487 Al
`2007 /0203911 Al
`2007/0291747 Al
`2007 /0300271 Al
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`712009 Tobias et al.
`112010 Rabenold et al.
`8/2010 Lerman et al.
`3/2011 Ogikubo
`1112011 Stallings et al.
`512012 Stojancic et al.
`9/2012 O'Donnell et al.
`1112012 Harwell et al.
`612001 Krueger et al.
`512002 Moynihan ....................... 725/87
`8/2002 Novak .......................... 725/136
`8/2002 Namias ......................... 709/206
`8/2002 Yona
`112004 Nelson et al. .............. 348/14.09
`412004 Murphy
`6/2004 Kellerman et al.
`412006 Newmark
`1112006 Lerman et al.
`12/2006 Li et al.
`6/2007 Jindal! et al.
`7/2007 Frailey
`8/2007 Chiu
`12/2007 Stern et al.
`12/2007 Allen et al.
`6/2008 Scott et al.
`10/2008 Trimper et al.
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`112009 Bramson et al.
`112009 Franken
`212009 Li
`3/2009 Nakata .......................... 725/109
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`
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`2009/0199234 Al
`2010/0066804 Al
`2010/0081116 Al
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`201110030031 Al
`201110037864 Al
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`201110145070 Al
`201110154200 Al
`201110188836 Al
`201110191163 Al
`2012/0041759 Al
`2012/0189282 Al
`2012/0192215 Al
`2012/0192220 Al
`2012/0192225 Al
`2012/0192239 Al
`2012/0297423 Al
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`3/2009 Li
`8/2009 Mukerji et al.
`3/2010 Shoemake et al.
`412010 Barasch et al.
`512010 Yu et al.
`8/2010 de Heer ........................ 715/810
`912010 Acker et al.
`10/2010 Krietzman et al.
`10/2010 Anderson et al.
`1112010 Latchman
`12/2010 Emerson et al. .............. 725/134
`212011 Lussier et al.
`2/2011 Cao
`5/2011 Newell et al.
`612011 Wolinsky et al.
`612011 Davis et al.
`8/2011 Popkiewicz et al.
`8/2011 Allaire et al.
`212012 Barker et al.
`712012 Wyatt et al.
`712012 Wyatt et al.
`712012 Wyatt et al.
`7/2012 Harwell et al.
`7/2012 Harwell et al.
`1112012 Kanojia et al.
`1112012 Harwell et al.
`1112012 Harwell et al.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International
`Searching Authority issued in international application No. PCT/
`US2012/022246, mailed Mar. 21, 2012, 12 pages.
`* cited by examiner
`
`Page 2 of 40
`
`
`
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`108
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`)104
`
`102
`
`MEMORY
`
`PROCESSOR
`
`INTERFACE
`
`USER
`
`DEVICE
`
`COMPUTING
`
`116
`
`VIDEO BLOGS
`
`INTERNET
`
`BROADCASTS
`
`INTERNET
`
`I
`
`1 1 BROADCASTS
`
`I
`I
`MEDIA OUTLETS
`
`TELEVISION
`
`I
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`134
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`AUTHORIZATION
`
`REVIEW AND
`
`STORAGE
`
`ENCODERS
`
`L __________ I
`I
`
`INTERFACE
`
`100Si
`
`SYSTEM
`
`DISTRIBUTION SUB-
`
`CONTENT
`
`I
`I
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`
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`
`122
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`
`COMPUTING
`
`I
`
`128
`
`1201
`
`I I
`PROCESSOR I 1 ..
`I I
`I
`.124( :11 WEBSITE
`
`FIGM 1
`
`I
`
`CAMERA
`VIDEO
`
`MEMORY
`
`132-, I I
`1261 I I
`
`CONTENT CREATION
`
`SUB-SYSTEM
`
`1101 I I
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`11211--
`
`Page 3 of 40
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`242
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`244u
`
`Automated Review
`
`1 Administrator Server
`
`1 Television Content Server 21§.
`
`1 Transcoding Server
`
`2Ji2.
`
`FIG. 2
`
`11
`
`:1
`
`:1
`
`Web Auction Server
`
`Web Content Server
`
`Flash Server
`
`Web Hosting Server
`
`I~!.?" ICo;;'tent Creation & Distribution System
`,J"230 LI~
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`
`200<.
`
`Page 4 of 40
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`I Built-in Microphone
`f'Fr:B~ui:1Llt-~1·n ~iSii"'Tgh=:==t ~=='==v"""' If you would prefer to upload a video:
`
`v I Click here to open Quicktime
`
`302 304
`
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`
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`/
`.@.
`Controls
`
`322
`
`II Browse II
`
`v lll!og
`'C 306
`
`v I] Upload your video!
`
`FIG. 3
`
`314
`
`308
`
`Sharpness ; / --1 OO
`Saturation ~ OO
`Contrast £ 50 1
`OO
`Brightness £ 50 1
`OO
`Filters
`'----312
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`
`318
`
`Ii Blog
`
`Duration
`
`g
`
`300,
`
`Page 5 of 40
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 4of22
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`302~
`
`Controls
`
`[Built-in iSight
`Built-in iSight
`
`Disable Web Cam
`
`304~
`
`[Built-in Microphone
`Built-in Microphone
`
`Built-in Input
`gs Unknown USB Audio Device
`on Disable Microphone
`
`[LAN
`DSL
`Dialup
`
`Settings
`
`Duration
`
`LAN
`
`'V l
`
`'VI
`
`'V l
`
`FIG.4
`
`FIG. 5
`
`FIG. 6
`
`Page 6 of 40
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 5of22
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`308,
`
`Settings
`Duration
`
`Video Type
`
`Filters
`
`(Blog
`Biog
`15 Sec
`30 Sec
`0
`I
`
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`50
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`310,
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`310,
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`'V ~ Fame Spot
`
`FIG. 7
`
`FIG, 8
`
`FIG, 9
`
`FIG.10
`
`Page 7 of 40
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 6of22
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`312,
`
`II Video Type
`
`@SD
`
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`
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`Do you have an HD Camera and high speed
`Internet connection?
`
`([ OK
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`II
`FIG. 11
`
`FIG.12
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`FIG.13
`
`Page 8 of 40
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 7of22
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`320,
`
`FIG. 14
`
`FIG. 15
`
`Page 9 of 40
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 8of22
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`Start
`
`USER REGISTRATION
`
`LAUNCH RECORDING
`& UPLOADING USER
`INTERFACE
`
`USER SELECTIONS
`
`USER STARTS
`RECORDING
`
`400
`
`402
`
`404
`
`406
`
`408
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`RECORD VIDEO
`TO SERVER IN FLV 1-------.
`FORMAT
`
`410
`
`412
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`TRANSCODE
`
`AUTOMATED SCREENING
`
`MANUAL REVIEW
`
`APPROVAL
`
`SELECTION
`
`TIME SLOT
`
`STOP
`
`414
`
`416
`
`418
`
`420
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`Page 10 of 40
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`Page 13 of 40
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 12 of 22
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`Start
`
`USER INST ALLS "APP"
`
`500
`
`OPEN APP AND LAUNCH MOBILE
`RECORDING USER INTERFACE
`
`502
`
`USER SELECTIONS
`
`USER RECORDS VIDEO
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`USER PLAYBACK, RETAKE
`
`504
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`506
`
`508
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`Page 14 of 40
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sheet 14 of 22
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`US 8,601,506 B2
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`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 17 of 22
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`US 8,601,506 B2
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`600
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`USER REGISTRATION
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`Page 19 of 40
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet 18 of 22
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`US 8,601,506 B2
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`Ul+ 000
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet 19 of 22
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`US 8,601,506 B2
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`Start
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`USER INST ALLS "APP"
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`Page 21 of 40
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`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
`Dec. 3, 2013
`
`Sheet 20 of 22
`Sheet 20 of 22
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`US 8,601,506 B2
`US 8,601,506 B2
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`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`1
`CONTENT CREATION AND DISTRIBUTION
`SYSTEM
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATION
`
`This application is a continuation of, and claims priority to,
`U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/185,471, entitled "Con(cid:173)
`tent Creation and Distribution System," to in inventors Mark
`Harwell, Christopher W. Wyatt, and Ryland Reed, which was
`filed on Jul. 18, 2011. This application is also a continuation(cid:173)
`in-part application of, and claims priority to, U.S. patent
`application Ser. No. 13/013,775, entitled "User-Generated
`Social Television Content," to inventors Christopher W. 15
`Wyatt, Mark Harwell, and Ryland Reed, which was filed on
`Jan. 25, 2011. These disclosures of the foregoing applications
`are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
`
`10
`
`2
`time slots can also be used for transmission of public service
`announcements. These time slots may also be used for any
`other promotional purposes.
`Television transmission or distribution systems used by
`traditional carriers of television programming include terres(cid:173)
`trial broadcast stations, satellite television, and cable televi(cid:173)
`sion systems, as well as telecom delivery network services
`such as VDSL and FiOS offered over broadcast telecommu-
`nication or data networks, whose operators provide television
`services similar to what are offered by cable and satellite
`television service providers. However, standards have been
`formulated, or are in the process of being formulated, for
`using Internet protocols and the public Internet to distribute
`television programming using "live" IP-multicast or IP uni(cid:173)
`cast streams that can be received by anyone with any type of
`broadband data connection to the Internet.
`Though some television programs are available over the
`Internet and traditional carriers on an on-demand basis, tra(cid:173)
`ditional television programming for a television network is
`20 linear, meaning that programs-an episode of a television
`series, a news program, or a movie, for example-are sched(cid:173)
`uled so that they are transmitted sequentially, according to a
`predefined schedule, to carriers for transmission over their
`systems for substantially contemporaneous receipt by their
`25 subscribers or, in the case of terrestrial broadcast stations, by
`those who receive their broadcast signal. In linear program(cid:173)
`ming, the programs to be transmitted to the audience, and the
`schedule for transmitting of the programs, are usually
`planned in advance of the time of transmission to an audience.
`30 The programming schedule, usually expressed in the form of
`a programming grid, specifies what program and, if appli(cid:173)
`cable, episode is to be transmitted on each day and at any
`given time during the periods in which the network is sched(cid:173)
`uled to transmit. Television programs can include, but are not
`35 limited to, television series, motion pictures, news programs,
`reality television programs, sporting events, and other audio/
`visual works. The programs are often pre-recorded. However,
`programs can be "live." Generally, such programs are profes(cid:173)
`sionally produced. The network either owns or licenses the
`40 legal rights to distribute them.
`Traditional linear programming is commonly divided into
`thirty-minute or hour-long progranmiing segments, though it
`can be divided into shorter or longer segments, depending on
`network preferences. Programs can occupy more than one
`45 segment. Within a typical thirty-minute program segment, for
`example, between twenty-two and twenty-six minutes are
`reserved for transmitting the program. The remaining time is
`divided among 2-5 segments for commercials and/or other
`promotional announcements. Those segments are typically
`50 subdivided into multiple time slots for sale to advertisers. The
`duration of the advertising segments and each of the time slots
`can be chosen to be any desired length. The network trans(cid:173)
`mits, or arranges for transmission of, its signal so that the
`half-hour segments begin at the top and bottom of each hour.
`55 However, networks can, and do sometimes, adjust the start
`and end time of programs. A network may or may not transmit
`more than one signal, or "feed," to account for time zone
`differences or other considerations.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`It has become relatively easy for individuals and groups of
`individuals to take digital photographs and to record video,
`and to distribute this content to others over the Internet or
`other data networks. Such content is referred to as being "user
`generated" content. Still and video cameras, which are now
`common features on mobile phones, can be used to take
`photographs and to record videos that are immediately avail(cid:173)
`able for sharing with others through a multi-media messaging
`service or email, video file sharing sites, social network and
`similar services on the Internet that publish (to selected indi(cid:173)
`viduals or groups, or to everyone) or otherwise make avail(cid:173)
`able the photographs and video over the Internet. Some dedi(cid:173)
`cated cameras and storage cards now have wireless or
`network connectivity and video can be uploaded to remote
`servers for sharing. Individuals or "consumers" distribute
`their photos and videos by uploading them to web-based
`services that publish them for friends, family, social or busi(cid:173)
`ness contacts or anyone with access to the Internet to view.
`When user-generated content is uploaded or shared for a
`specific purpose, such as for example, in response to a widely
`disseminated request for a certain type of content, it may be
`referred to as crowd-sourced content.
`Most consumer equipment capable of capturing photos or
`video is now able to do so in high definition. Inexpensive
`computer application programs allow individuals to edit pho(cid:173)
`tographs, videos and other graphics into a single work with
`nearly professional results, and to render the resulting work or
`"content" in standard formats for playback on a wide range of
`devices. Services for sharing user-generated video, photo(cid:173)
`graphs, and music abound on the Internet. For example, a
`number of video sharing sites allow people to upload, encode
`and share videos on the web.
`On the other hand, most people still view professionally
`produced television programs ("programs") and motion pic(cid:173)
`tures ("movies") using traditional television services. Pro(cid:173)
`grams are typically distributed to traditional television ser(cid:173)
`vice providers by so-called "television networks," who
`possess the legal rights necessary to distribute the programs,
`and who are sometimes also involved in producing the pro- 60
`gramming. Those who provide transmission services for tele(cid:173)
`vision, and provide television service to viewers, are referred
`to as "carriers" or Multi-Service Operators ("MSO"). Most
`television networks "sell" short periods of time during the
`programming for transmission of advertising, known as 65
`"commercials," "advertisements," "ads" or "ad spots," that
`promote businesses or progranmiing on the network. These
`
`SUMMARY
`
`Implementations of the present disclosure are generally
`directed to a video file content creation and distribution sys(cid:173)
`tem (e.g., for the creation and distribution of user-generated
`and/or crowd-sourced video content). The system can include
`a content creation sub-system that provides users with a video
`file recording and editing system that provides an easy-to-use
`
`Page 25 of 40
`
`
`
`US 8,601,506 B2
`
`3
`interface, does not require the users to have knowledge of
`video formatting or computer file systems, and automatically
`uploads video files or other content to a server. The video file
`recording and editing system can use a web server-based thin
`client application capable of displaying a user interface
`through a browser on a user device or a specialized applica(cid:173)
`tion capable of running on a user device (e.g., on a mobile
`device or a tablet computer). In either case, the application
`can interface with user device's native recording capabilities
`to capture either high definition ("HD") format or standard 10
`definition ("SD") format video files. The video file recording
`and editing system guides the user through a video file cre(cid:173)
`ation and submission process that captures video via a video
`camera either built-in, or connected to, the user device to
`create a video file that meets requirements for submission to 15
`a content distribution sub-system, and submits the video file
`to the content distribution sub-system.
`The content creation sub-system can facilitate convenient
`creation and seamless uploading of crowd-sourced video files
`(e.g., audio-visual content created in response to a broad- 20
`casted request for videos relating to a particular topic) or other
`user-generated content (e.g., video files generated by a user
`along with some form of payment for inclusion in a television
`broadcast). For example, the video file recording and editing
`system can ensure that the submitted video files satisfy cer- 25
`tain parameters so that the files have a quality level appropri-
`ate for inclusion in linear television progrannning and so that
`the files can be automatically and conveniently transcoded
`into one or more video file formats (in accordance with rel(cid:173)
`evant frame rates, bit rates, etc., which may be dependent on 30
`the intended destination of the content) according to the
`intended destination. The video files can be submitted
`through a particular web page and/or assigned a particular
`identifier indicating the type of submission (e.g., indicating
`that the video file is submitted in response to a specific request 35
`for video submissions, or indicating that the video file is
`intended for inclusion in an available linear progrannning
`segment of a specific program, or is meant to be seen only on
`the Internet as part of a video blog or other Internet experi(cid:173)
`ence).
`The content distribution sub-system includes an adminis(cid:173)
`trator application capable of running on a computer (e.g., a
`server). The content distribution sub-system can perform
`electronic filtering of video files and can automatically
`transcode the video files into an appropriate format based 45
`upon destination (e.g., one format if the video content is
`intended for distribution via linear television progrannning
`and another format if intended for distribution on an Internet
`video blog). Based upon rights and/or administrative privi(cid:173)
`leges, the administrator application allows a television or 50
`other production professional or Internet web site adminis(cid:173)
`trator to review user-generated or crowd-sourced video files
`through a web-based, server-based, or local video adminis(cid:173)
`tration tool through which the producer or administrator can
`authorize certain video files for automatic inclusion in linear 55
`television programming over traditional or IP-based televi(cid:173)
`sion distribution platforms. The content-distribution sub-sys(cid:173)
`tem may also be used for production of content to be released
`in theaters (e.g., movies) and/or to send selected files to an
`editing system for more specific editing purposes. The video 60
`files can be organized according to data included in a uniform
`resource locator (URL) or other identifier indicating the type
`of submission. Accordingly, a producer or administrator can
`be presented with a set of videos that relate to a common topic
`or that are intended for possible inclusion within a particular 65
`linear television programming segment. The producer or
`administrator may also use filtering tools to determine which
`
`4
`video files to review or which video files should be selected
`for inclusion in the linear progrannning. Once selected, video
`files are directed to an appropriate server for distribution to an
`appropriate destination (e.g., television or Internet).
`In general, innovative aspects of the subject matter
`described in this disclosure may be embodied in methods that
`include the actions of receiving video data from a client
`computing device, automatically transcoding the video data,
`and uploading the transcoded video data to a server for dis(cid:173)
`tribution. The video data is captured using a camera con(cid:173)
`nected to the client computing device in accordance with
`instructions executed on the client computing device to pro(cid:173)
`vide the video data in accordance with predetermined con(cid:173)
`straints. The video data is automatically transcoded using a
`server into at least one different format based on user creden(cid:173)
`tials associated with a user of the client computing device
`and/or attributes associated with the video data. At least one
`format of the transcoded video data defines a video file in a
`format appropriate for inclusion in a linear television pro(cid:173)
`gramming transmission. Other embodiments of this aspect
`include corresponding systems, apparatus, and computer pro-
`grams, configured to perform the actions of the methods,
`encoded on computer storage devices.
`These and other embodiments can each optionally include
`one or more of the following features. The instructions
`executed on the client computing device include scripts
`received by the client computing device from a web applica(cid:173)
`tion. The instructions executed on the client computing
`device are executed within at least one of a browser or a
`browser plugin on the client computing device. The instruc(cid:173)
`tions executed on the client computing device are included in
`an application installed on the client computing device. At
`least a portion of the video data is buffered on the client
`computing device using scripts included in the instructions
`executed on the client computing device based on bandwidth
`constraints for transmitting the video data from the client
`computing device. The video data is transmitted by the client
`computing device in FLY format. The video data is transmit(cid:173)
`ted by the client computing device in a native media container
`40 format for the client computing device. The predetermined
`constraints include a bit rate and an image resolution suffi(cid:173)
`cient to enable transcoding of the video data into the format
`appropriate for inclusion in the linear television program-
`ming transmission. Transcoding the video data includes using
`a predetermined automated transcoding workflow corre(cid:173)
`sponding to the predetermined constraints to transcode the
`video data into the transcoded video data. Transcoding the
`video data includes transcoding the video data into a plurality
`of different video f