PATENT NUMBER
`
`6175608
`
`lllllltlllliJIIII.lllllllllllllll.lllll
`6115608.
`
`U.S. UTILITY PATENT APPLICATION
`PATENT DATE
`JAN 1 6 zoot
`
`SECTOR CLASS
`
`SUBCLASS
`..--:;
`·'2
`c
`
`ART UNIT
`
`EXAMINER
`
`FILED WITH: D DISK (CRF) D FICHE
`
`'·(Anached in pocket on right inside flap)
`
`-·
`
`PREPARED AND APPROVED FOR ISSUE
`
`ISSUING CLASSIFICATION
`
`CROSS REFERENCE(S)
`
`CLASS
`
`SUBCLASS (ONE SUBCLASS PER BLOCK)
`
`G- 0 I C
`
`2.1
`
`> 0 0
`
`D TERMINAL
`
`DISCLAIMER
`
`0 a) The term of this patent
`subsequent to
`has been disclaimed.
`0 b) The term of this patent shall
`not extend beyond the expiration date
`of U.S Patent. No. ____ _
`
`(date)
`
`0 Continued on Issue Slip Inside File Jacket
`
`Sheets Drw,g!
`
`r
`
`Figs. Drw,g~
`/r,.,.,
`
`CLAIMS ALLOWED
`
`Print Fig.
`
`I
`
`Total Claims ..
`
`'3' 3
`
`Print Claim for O.G.
`
`)
`
`(Assistant Examiner)
`
`==:::::.__
`(Date)
`
`NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED
`
`Date Paid
`
`0 c) The terminal _months of
`this patent have been disclaimed.
`
`? 1/llr~.z~, '
`~
`
`WARNING:
`The information disclosed herein may be restricted. Unauthorized disclosure may be prohibited by the United States Code Title 35, Sections 122, 181 and 368.
`Possession outside the U.S. Patent & Trademar1< Office Is restricted to authorized employees and contractors only.
`
`Form PT0·436A
`(Rev. 6198)
`
`(LABEL AREA)
`
`(FACE)
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 1
`
`

`

`PATENT APPLICATION
`
`I !
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`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 2
`
`

`

`~
`
`'.J' ''
`
`I I
`'
`
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`
`ISSUE SLIP STAPLE AREA (for additional cross references)
`
`POSITION
`
`INITIALS
`
`ID.NO.
`
`DATE
`
`FEE DETERMINATION
`O.I.P .E. CLASSIFIER
`FORMALITY REVIEW
`
`II'
`
`INDEX OF CLAIMS
`................................. Rejected
`N ................................. Non-elected
`= ................................. Allowed
`I
`................................. Interference
`(Through numeral) ... Canceled
`A ................................. Appeal
`................................. Restricted
`0 ................................. Objected
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`116
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`
`If more than 150 claims or 1 0 actions
`staple additional sheet here
`
`(LEFT INSIDE)
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 3
`
`

`

`SEARCHED
`
`SEARCH NOTES
`(INCLUDING SEARCH STRATEGY)
`we-sr
`Exmr.
`Exmr.
`Date
`1-'ylf..v ~ t/zy/cxJ ~~
`0 /z..o/oo M(t-.J
`
`Date
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`
`Sub.
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`INTERFERENCE SEAI]tCHED
`Exmr.
`Sub.
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`Date
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`MfZW
`2 '-1, "2..
`
`"!:>!/
`
`d
`
`(RIGHT OUTSIDE)
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 4
`
`

`

`PATENT APPLICATION SERIAL NO . - - - - - - - -
`
`U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`FEE RECORD SHEET
`
`09161738
`11/03/1996 SWASHING 00000027 150660
`01 FC:101
`38.00 CH
`752.00 0P
`02 FC:102
`1&4.00 CH
`03 FC:103
`550.00 CH
`
`PT0-1556
`(5/87)
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 5
`
`

`

`SERIAL NUMBER
`
`FILING DATE
`
`Printed 10/28/2000
`
`I GROUP ART UNIT
`
`ATTORNEY DOCKET NO
`
`09/181,738
`
`10/28/1998
`
`377
`
`2816
`
`EPIXINC-4
`
`APPLICANT
`NATHAN PYLES, LAKE MILLS, WISCONSIN; JOEL M MACHT, REECEVILLE,
`WISCONSIN; CHEN-SHUI JUNG, TAIPEI, TAIWAN.
`
`"'·
`**CONTINUING DOMESTIC DATA***********************
`VERIFIED.'
`
`(NAT'L STAGE) DATA*********************
`**371
`VERIFIED
`
`**FOREIGN APPLICATIONS***********************
`VERIFIED
`
`FOREIGN FILING LICENSE GRANTED 11/13/1998
`
`SMALL ENTITY
`
`0 yes 0 no
`Foreign priority claimed
`35 USC ll9 (a-d) conditions met 0 yes 0 no 0 Met atler Allowance
`
`Veritled and acknowledged
`
`Examiner's Name
`
`Initials
`
`STATE OR
`COUNTRY
`
`,,-T-w.f~·
`t..i";~·:.
`
`SHEETS
`DRAWINGS
`
`TOTAL
`CLAIMS
`
`INDEPENDENT
`CLAIMS
`
`1
`
`45
`
`5
`
`ADDRESS
`LATHROP & CLARK LLP
`740 REGENT STREET SUITE 400
`P.O. BOX 1507
`MADISON
`, WI 53701-1507
`
`TITLE
`PEDOMETER
`
`[
`
`FILING FEE
`RECEIVED
`
`$*1569
`
`FEES: Authority has been given in Paper
`No.
`to charge/credit DEPOSIT ACCOUNT
`NO.
`for the following:
`
`0 All Fees
`0 1.16 Fees (Filing)
`0 1.17 Fees (Processing Ext. of Time)
`0 1.18 Fees (Issue)
`0 Other
`0 Credit _ _ _ _ _
`
`2 of2
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 6
`
`

`

`PTO/SB/05 (12/97)
`-iJprovedforusethrough09/30/00. OMB0651-0032p
`nark Office: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 1
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number
`'
`UTILITY
`PATENT APPLICATION
`TRANSMITTAL
`
`Patent and .
`
`AttorneyDocketNo. I EPIXINC- J Total Pages
`
`/
`
`I ~
`
`Nathan Pyles
`Express Mail Label No.
`
`·d th' ,
`( ) ·
`·
`PI
`I
`15
`easetypeapusstgn + mst e
`
`--+
`
`r:tl
`L_2:_j
`
`(Only for,.new nonprovisional applications under 37 CFR 1.53(b))
`
`APPLICATION ELEMENTS
`
`4
`~ ~
`.- ~
`First Named Inventor or Application Identifier ~ ~co
`.
`;.T,
`:~ ~~
`j EM164411845US
`co,~~6
`Assistant Corrunissioner for Pa't@~ ~
`:=:=
`Box Patent Application
`'r"'
`Washington, DC 20231
`
`ADDRESS TO:
`
`6. u Microfiche Computer Program (Appendix)
`
`See MPEP chapter 600 concerning utility patent application contents.
`1.~
`Fee Transmittal Form
`(submit an original, and a duplicate for fee processing)
`(Total Pages fl9l
`2. ~
`Specification
`] 7.
`L_j
`(preferred arrangement set forth below)
`-Descriptive title of the Invention
`- Cross References to Related Applications
`- Statement Regarding Fed sponsored R&D
`- Reference to Microfiche Appendix
`-Background of the Invention
`- Brief Summary of the Invention
`-Brief Description of the Drawings (if filed)
`- Detailed Description
`- Claim(s)
`-Abstract of the Disclosure
`3. [D Drawing(s) (356 USC 113)
`4.
`Oath or Declaration
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`[Total Sheets w.::::J ] 10.
`[Total Pages L_j ] 11.
`
`Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Submission
`(if applicable, all necessary)
`r'--
`a.
`Computer Readable Copy
`
`~
`i==
`c.
`
`Paper Copy (identical to computer copy)
`
`Statement verifying identity of above copies
`
`ACCOMPANYING APPLICATION PARTS
`
`~ Assignment Papers (cover sheet & document(s))
`
`37 CFR 3.73(b) Statement D Power of
`
`Small Entity
`Statement(s)
`
`Statement filed in prior
`application, Status still
`proper and desired
`
`(if foreign priority is claimed)
`
`i== (when there is an assignee)
`Attorney
`i== English Translation Documento· f applicable)
`Copies ofiDS
`Information Disclosure
`i== Statement (IDS)/PT0-1449
`Citations
`Preliminary Amendment
`T
`Return Receipt Postcard (MPEP 503) (
`I I {Should be specifiTIIy rmized)
`15. D Certified Copy ofPriority Document(s)
`16. D Other: - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`
`a. DNewly executed (original or copy)
`b.
`Copy from a prior application (37 CFR 1.63(d))
`(for continuation/divisional with Box 17 completed)
`[Note Box 5 below]
`
`12.
`13.
`
`14.
`
`D
`
`1. DELETION OF INVENTOR(S)
`Signed statement attached deleting inventor{s)
`named in the prior application, see 37 CFR
`1.63(d)(2) and 1.33(b).
`Incorporation By Reference (useable if Box 4b is checked).
`The entire disclosure of the prior application, from which
`a copy of the oath or declaration is supplied under Box
`4b, is considered as being part of the disclosure of the
`accompanying application and is hereby incorporated by
`reference therein.
`17. If a CONTINUING APPLICATION, check appropriate box and supply the requisite information:
`. 0
`c=J Continuation 0Divisional
`I
`Continuation-in-part (CIP)
`ofprior application No.:
`18. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
`l---------------r----------------------------------r--------------1
`D Correspondence address below
`l
`l or
`020,455
`rt C
`Alta h b
`)
`d 1 b 1 h
`Customer Number or Bar Code Label 1 (I
`N
`I
`1 nse
`ustomer o. or
`c
`ar co e a e ere
`1
`~---------r-------------------L---------------------------------~'------------------------------~
`Name
`
`I
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`
`~
`I
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`Address
`
`City
`Country
`
`I State
`_I Tel~hone
`
`I Zip Code
`J Fax
`
`I
`
`I
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 7
`
`

`

`Approved for use through 09130/00. OMS 0651-0032
`Patent and Trademark Office: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of Information unless It displays a valid OMB control number.
`p ~~
`complete 11 Known
`ll.cn~
`,,;~ ~ <0
`. ;:;::! ;:;:::::::"
`m~~~
`.";!~ ~,~--
`==--=
`u
`:::::::::::
`
`FEE TRANSMITTAL
`
`Note: Effective October 1, 1997,
`Patent fees are subject to annual revision
`1 $752.00
`TOTAL AMOUNT OF PAYMENT
`METHOD OF PAYMENT (check one)
`The Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge
`181
`Indicated fees and credit any over payments to:
`Deposit Account 15-0660
`Number
`
`1.
`
`Deposit Account
`Name
`
`Lathrop & Clark
`
`PTO/SB/17 (12-97)
`
`Application Numoer
`Filing Date
`F1rst Named Inventor
`Group Art Unit
`examiner Name
`Attorney Docket Number
`bt'lAI.NI.;-4
`FEE CALCULATION (Continued)
`3. ADDITIONAL FEES
`
`l"'yles, et al.
`
`Large Entity
`Fee
`Fee
`Code
`($)
`105
`130
`127
`50
`
`Small Entity
`Fee
`Fee
`Code
`($)
`205
`65
`227
`25
`
`139
`
`130
`
`139
`
`130
`
`Fee Description
`
`Fee
`Paid
`
`Surcharge - late filing fee or oath
`Surcharge - late provisional filing fee
`or cover sheet
`Non-English specification
`
`147
`
`2,520
`
`147
`
`2,520 For filing a request for reexamination
`
`Payment Enclosed:
`181 check
`0 Money 0
`Order
`
`112
`
`920*
`
`112
`
`Other
`
`113
`
`1,840* 113
`
`920*
`
`Requesting publication of SIR prior
`to Examiner action
`1,840* Requesting publication of SIR after
`Examiner action
`
`FEE CALCULATION
`
`1. FILING FEE
`
`'
`
`Large Entity
`
`Small Entity
`
`115
`116
`
`110
`400
`
`215
`216
`
`55
`200
`
`117
`
`950
`
`217
`
`475
`
`Fee
`Code
`
`101
`106
`107
`108
`
`Fee
`($)
`
`790
`330
`540
`790
`
`Fee
`Code
`
`Fee Fee Description
`($)
`
`Fee Paid
`
`118
`
`1,510
`
`218
`
`755
`
`395 Utility filing fee
`165 Design filing fee
`270 Plant filing fee
`395 Reissue filing fee
`
`$395.00
`
`128
`119
`120
`121
`138
`
`2,060
`310
`310
`270
`1,510
`
`228
`219
`220
`221
`138
`
`201
`206
`207
`208
`
`214
`
`181
`
`2.
`
`Char~e Any
`Additional Fee
`Required Under
`37 CFR 1.16 and
`1.17
`181
`
`0 Charge the Issue Fee Set in 37
`CFR 1.18 at the Mailing of the
`Notice of Allowance
`
`Extension for reply within first month
`Extension for reply within second
`month
`Extension for reply within third
`month
`Extension for reply within fourth
`month
`1,030 Extension for reply within fifth month
`155
`Notice of Appeal
`155
`Filing a brief in support of an appeal
`135
`Request for oral hearing
`1,510 Petition to institute a public use
`proceeding
`Petition to revive - unavoidable
`Petition to revive - unintentional
`Utility issue fee (or reissue)
`
`55
`660
`660
`
`240
`110
`241
`1,320
`1,320 242
`
`114
`
`150
`
`2. CLAIMS
`
`Provisional filing fee
`75
`SUBTOTAL (1)
`1 $39s.oo
`Extra
`Fee from
`below
`
`Fee Paid
`
`Total Claims EJ-20• ~x~l $275.00
`
`Independent
`Claims
`Multiple Dependent Claims
`
`-3=
`
`X 41
`
`= 1 $82.oo
`
`X 135
`
`= 1 $O.oo
`
`140
`141
`142
`
`143
`144
`122
`123
`
`450
`670
`130
`50
`
`243
`244
`122
`123
`
`225
`335
`130
`50
`
`Design issue fee
`Plant issue fee
`Petitions to the Commissioner
`Petitions related to provisional
`applications
`Submission of Information
`Disclosure Statement
`Recording each patent assignment
`per property (times number of
`properties)
`Filing a submission after final
`rejection (37 CFR 1.129(a))
`For each additional invention to be
`examined (37 CFR 1.129(b))
`
`Large Entity
`Fee
`Fee
`Code
`($)
`
`Small Entity
`Fee
`Fee
`Code
`
`126
`
`240
`
`126
`
`240
`
`Fee Description
`
`581
`
`40
`
`581
`
`40
`
`103
`
`102
`
`104
`109
`
`110
`
`22
`
`82
`
`270
`82
`
`22
`
`203
`
`202
`
`204
`209
`
`210
`
`11
`
`41
`
`Claims in excess of 20
`
`146
`
`790
`
`246
`
`395
`
`Independent Claims In excess of 3
`
`149
`
`790
`
`249
`
`395
`
`135 Multiple dependent claims
`41
`Reissue independent claims over
`original patent
`Reissue claims In excess of 20 and
`over original patent
`SUBTOTAL (2) I $351.00
`
`11
`
`Other fee (specify)
`
`Other fee (specify)
`
`*Reduced by Basic Filing Fee Paid
`
`SUBTOTAL (3)
`
`1 $o.oo
`Complete (if applicable)
`33455
`
`SUBMITTED BY
`Typed or Printed Name J~fry W. SIJith
`t/J15nw~ I Date Lott.1Jtr, 1q1 s Deposit Account User ID
`Signature
`
`Reg. Number
`
`II
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 8
`
`

`

`Approved for use through 09/30/00. OMB 0651-0032
`Patent and Trademark Office: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Pap~ork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number
`
`PTO/SB/17 (12-97)
`
`FEE TRANSMITTAL
`
`Note: Effective October 1, 1997,
`Patentfees are subject to annual revision
`l $752.00
`TOTAL AMOUNT OF PAYMENT
`METHOD OF PAYMENT (check one)
`The Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge
`indicated fees and credit any over payments to:
`Deposit Account 15- 0 6 6 0
`Number
`
`1.
`
`DepositAccount Lathrop & Clark
`Name
`
`Charge Any
`Additional Fee
`Required Under
`37CFR1.16and
`1.17
`
`0 Charge the Issue Fee Set in 37
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`Notice of Allowance
`
`2.
`
`Payment Enclosed:
`0 Money
`Order 0
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`~"') Large Entity
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`
`Fee
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`790
`330
`540
`790
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`Fee
`Code
`
`Fee Fee Description
`($)
`
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`
`201
`206
`207
`208
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`'$39:,.00
`395 Utility filing fee
`165 Design filing fee 1-------1
`270 Plant filing fee
`395 Reissue filing fee
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`::t: 114
`150
`214
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`'"';2. CLAIMS
`Extra
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`below
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`TotaiCiaims D 20- ~XB1 = $275.00
`
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`= h i $'""(0-,..0"'"0----1
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`
`Multiple Dependent Claims
`
`X 135
`
`Large Entity
`Fee
`Fee
`Code
`($)
`
`Small Entity
`Fee
`Fee
`Code
`
`Fee Description
`
`"J03
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`102
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`104
`109
`
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`82
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`270
`82
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`203
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`202
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`204
`209
`
`22
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`210
`
`11
`
`41
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`Claims in excess of 20
`
`Independent Claims in excess of 3
`
`135 Multiple dependent claims
`Reissue independent claims over
`41
`original patent
`Reissue claims in excess of 20 and
`over original patent
`SUBTOTAL (2) I :t>357.00
`
`11
`
`SUBMITTED BY
`Typed or Printed Name J~fry W. S::!!-i th
`f/Jj(h__ tJ ~ I Date
`
`Signature
`
`v
`
`Reg. Number
`
`I OcJi..1ft'1 \'11 S Deposit Account User ID
`
`33455
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 9
`
`

`

`PATENT APPLICATION
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`Applicant:
`
`Pyles, et al.
`
`Filed: •'
`
`Simultaneously herewith
`
`For:
`
`Pedometer
`
`Docket No.:
`
`EPIXINC-4
`
`BOX PATENT APPLICATION
`Assistant Commissioner for Patents
`Washington, D.C. 20231
`
`"Express Mail" Mailing Label No.: EM164411845US
`Date of Deposit: October 28,1998
`
`I hereby certify that these attached documents
`*
`Response postcard
`*
`Check in the amount of $752.00
`*
`PTO/SB/17 (1p) and 1 copy
`*
`Specification and Claims (19 pages) and informal drawing (1 sheet) and
`unexecuted Declaration and Power of Attorney (4 pp)
`PTO/SB/05 (1p)
`
`*
`
`are being deposited with the United States Postal Service "Express Mail Post Office to
`Addressee" service under 35 C.F.R. §1.10 on the date indicated above and is addressed to the
`Assistant Commissioner for Patents, Washington, D.C. 20231.
`
`Enclosed for filing please find the above-referenced new patent application. Please
`indicate receipt of this application by returning the attached postcard with the official Patent
`and Trademark Office receipt and serial number stamped thereon.
`/' -\
`Respectfully submitted,
`VJ
`\l.-.
`. Smith, Reg. No. 3345~
`f
`J
`Attorney for Applicant
`Lathrop & Clark
`P.O. Box 1507
`Madison, Wisconsin 53701-1507
`(608) 257-7766
`
`Jr
`
`/
`
`expnnail.app
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 10
`
`

`

`The undersigned hereby certifies that this
`document is being deposit~ the United
`States Postal Service toctav
`Pi>
`lA
`19..7ibv the • ....,._ Mair terVicl, utilizing
`express mail !abel number §:14 /fR '1411 &'fS<d S
`addressed to: Assistant Cotnmfelioner for
`Patents, Washington. O.C. 20231 •
`.Yc:.rrf2.'1 hi. f:>M 11-r~
`
`PEDOMETER
`
`Nathan Pyles Joel M. Macht Chen Shui-Jung
`
`FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention relates generally to pedometers having a waist mounted
`
`5
`
`stride-counting device and transmitter, and a wrist-mounted receiver and display. The
`
`invention also relates to a distance calculation device that calculates a distance
`
`walked or run based on an algorithm that converts a base stride length and a base
`
`stride rate to an actual stride length for use in calculating the distance traveled.
`
`Pedometers are known which include devices or algorithms for determining
`
`10
`
`the distance a person travels on foot. For example, U.S. Patent 4,371,945 discloses
`
`an electronic pedometer that calculates distance by electronically measuring the
`
`length of each stride taken by a user. Stride length is measured by ultrasonic waves
`
`generated by an ultrasonic module strapped to one leg and an ultrasonic detector
`worn on the other leg. A program compensates for a variety Of measurement errors
`and the results are displayed on a wrist-mounted display after being transmitted by
`
`15
`
`VHF waves from the leg to the wrist.
`
`1
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 11
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent 4,771,394 discloses a computer shoe with a heel-mounted
`
`electronic device with an inertia footstrike counter, a timer, a sound generating
`
`device, a battery, and a gate array for counting time and footstrikes to calculate
`
`distance and running time as a function of stride time. Although recognizing the
`
`5
`
`important relationship of stride length and foot speed, the shoe in this patent requires
`
`data from at least 15 test runs or walks and the data must be user-entered in pairs of
`
`footstrikes and elapsed time to cover a pre-determined distance. Further, user
`
`adjustments of time must be performed to accommodate start and stop times, and the
`
`number of counted footstrikes is increased one percent to overcome inherent errors
`
`1 o
`
`in the inertia step counter. The shoe-mounted device is subject to damage from
`
`impact, dirt, and water, and requires a stay-at-home computer with which to
`
`interface. There is no means disclosed to transmit data to a wrist-mounted display
`
`device or an "on-board" computing device that provides "real time" data to a runner.
`
`U.S. Patent 4,855,942 discloses a pedometer and calorie measuring device
`
`15
`
`that includes a wrist-mounted step counter and a fixed stride length to calculate
`
`distance traveled. Wrist-mounted step counters are known to be inaccurate because
`
`they assume a step for every arm movement. Even with error correction, such a
`
`device will provide less accurate step counts than a leg or waist-mounted counter.
`
`Further, fixed stride lengths do not take into account the fact that stride length varies
`
`20
`
`with rate of movement.
`
`U.S. Patent 5,117,444 discloses a pedometer and calibration method with two
`
`calibration modes. First, a user travels a predetermined "half-distance" for the device
`
`to count and store the number of strides in that distance. Next, the user travels a
`
`second distance with the step counter comparing actual steps to the steps in memory
`
`25
`
`and a current trip memory are incremented by a tenth of a "whole unit" distance.
`
`There is no correlation between stride length and stride rate which requires the user
`
`to re-calibrate the device when walking as opposed to running.
`
`U.S. Patent 5,475,725 discloses a pulse meter with pedometer function to
`
`determine pace and pulse rate of a user. The meter uses pulse wave base data
`
`30
`
`compared to actual pulse wave data rates.
`
`-
`
`U.S. Patent 5,476,427 discloses a pace display device utilizing a base rate for
`
`2
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 12
`
`

`

`~-----~----------------------------------,
`
`traveling pre-set distances in successive trails. The device calculates step counts and
`
`rates, and compares actual step count rates to display data to a user for comparison
`
`of present running rates to previous rates.
`
`Thus, there is a need for a simple, but highly accurate, pedometer that
`
`5
`
`displays distance traveled, pace, speed, heart rate, and other important information on
`
`an easily read wrist-mounted device.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention overcomes problems and shortcomings in the prior art
`
`by providing a device that includes a waist, chest, or leg-mounted stride counting
`
`10
`
`device, a transmitter, and a wrist-mounted receiver/display device that provides
`
`highly accurate travel distances and other information. The device includes a
`
`computer that stores base stride length and rate data from traveling a pre-determined
`
`distance and compares that to actual stride rate data to calculate actual distance
`
`traveled, speed, and pace. The invention recognizes the interdependency of stride
`
`15
`
`length and stride rate and uses that relationship to provide superior distance(cid:173)
`
`calculating accuracy.
`
`The invention also provides for improved display of relevant data on a wrist(cid:173)
`
`mounted display that receives digital signals from devices worn on other body parts
`
`such as legs, waist, and chest. Transmitters that can send coded signals are desirable
`
`20
`
`because they will not interfere with similar devices worn by other users in the vicinity.
`
`The accuracy of the device is enhanced by the use of an algorithm that adjusts
`
`a base stride length based on actual stride rates. The algorithm is defined as: Actual
`
`Stride Length= Base Stride Length+ Base Stride Length *(((Actual Stride Rate(cid:173)
`
`Base Stride Rate) N)/Base Stride Rate); where N is either an average value or a
`
`25
`
`derived value from a plurality of samples.
`
`The invention also includes a method for calculating an actual stride length
`
`including steps of: timing a first user run of a predetermined distance; counting the
`
`total number of strides in the user first run; dividing the first run distance by the stride
`
`count to obtain a base stride length; dividing the stride count -By the first run time to
`
`30
`
`obtain a base stride rate; counting strides during a user's second run to obtain an
`
`actual stride rate; calculating the actual stride length using the formula: Actual Stride
`
`3
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 13
`
`

`

`Length = Base Stride Length + Base Stride Length
`
`*(((Actual Stride Rate- Base Stride Rate )N)/Base Stride Rate); wherein N is an
`
`average value or a derived value.
`
`The average value method can be refined by comparing Base Stride Rate to
`
`5
`
`Actual Stride Rate to determine a percentage difference; and using N=1 when the
`Actual Stride Rate :5 Base Stride Rate* 1.02 and using N=3 when Actual Stride Rate
`> Base Stride Rate * 1. 02. A preferred embodiment uses a plurality of sample runs
`
`over known distances to derive an accurate N value for each individual.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`10
`
`Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pedometer in accordance with the present
`
`invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`As illustrated in Fig. 1, the present invention is directed to an improved
`
`pedometer 20 including: a waist, chest, or leg mounted stride counter 24, and a wrist
`
`15
`
`or waist mounted display unit 26. An optional chest-mounted heart monitor 28 can
`
`be included. All of the device components are mounted in suitable housings. The
`
`pedometer 20 includes a data processor 30 that is mounted in the same housing as
`
`either the step counter 24 or the display unit 26.
`
`The step counter 24 is an inertia device that counts the number of steps a user
`
`20
`
`takes. The number of steps is transmitted to a data archive 32 either directly or via a
`
`transmitter 34. The data archive 32 is mounted in the housing with the step counter
`
`24 or the display 26.
`
`The transmitter 34 is mounted in the step counter housing and is preferably an
`
`Rf telemetric signal transmitter with a 3 0 inches to 3 6 inches transmission range.
`
`25
`
`Alternately, the transmitter is a wireless or wired digital transmitter with a coding
`
`function to limit or eliminate interference with other similar devices. The wireless
`
`transmission range is set between 30 inches and 36 inches to provide adequate range
`
`to transmit signals from a user's waist to wrist, but not so far as to cause interference
`
`with other Rf or digital devices in the vicinity.
`
`30
`
`The transmitter 34 transmits either raw data or calculated distances, pace, etc.
`
`to a wrist-mounted display unit receiver 40. The receiver 40 relays a raw data signal
`
`4
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 14
`
`

`

`to the data processor 30 or a calculated data signal directly to the display panel42,
`
`such as an LCD or LED.
`
`Similarly, the heart rate monitor 28 includes a transmitter 44 that transmits
`
`5
`
`""
`
`heart rate data to the display unit 26. The heart monitor transmitter 44 can transmit at
`
`the same or a different frequency as the stride counter 24, and to the same or a
`
`different receiver in the display unit 26. The heart rate transmitter 44 is preferably Rf,
`
`but can be digital for the reasons stated above. The range of the heart rate transmitter
`
`44 should also be between 3 0 inches and 3 6 inches to ensure effective communication
`
`with the receiver while limiting outside interference.
`
`10
`
`The data processor 30 can also include a programmable logic controller, a
`
`personal computer, a programmable read-only memory, or other suitable processor.
`
`The data processor 30 includes a data archive 32 to store historic data on stride
`
`length and pace to be used in an algorithm for calculating actual distances, speed, and
`
`rate for real-time conversion of data to useful information for a user.
`
`15
`
`The data processor 30 can also include closed loop or fuzzy logic
`
`programming to continually or periodically replace the base stride rate and length
`
`with recently calculated stride rates and lengths so that long term conditioning trends
`
`are accommodated in the base stride archive. Incorporating trend capabilities may
`
`further enhance accuracy of the distance and pace calculations.
`
`20
`
`The display unit 26 also includes an operator interface 46 such as a key pad,
`
`button, knob, etc. that enables the user to start and stop a clock 48 (or stop watch)
`
`and activate various use modes within the pedometer, such as a sampling mode and
`
`operation mode.
`
`One option for using the pedometer 20, requires the user to operate a
`
`25
`
`"sampling mode" and begin walking or running a pre-determined distance such as a
`
`mile or 1600 meters, preferably on a running track of a known size. Upon completion
`
`of the distance, a stop button on the operator interface 46 is pushed. The data
`
`processor 30 is programmed to then divide the distance by the number of strides
`
`counted to calculate an average stride length. This value is stored in the data archive
`
`30
`
`32 as the "Base Stride Length."
`
`Also, the data processor 30 is programmed to divide the number of strides by
`
`5
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 15
`
`

`

`the time of the run or walk as measured by the clock 48 to arrive at a "Base Stride
`
`Rate."
`
`The data processor 30 preferably includes programming that queries the user
`
`about the distance to be run during the sampling mode. By providing options or
`
`5
`
`enabling the use of any distance during the sampling mode, the pedometer 20
`
`provides maximum flexibility for use by people of various physical conditions, or
`
`having access to courses of different known distances. Thus, a user may be queried to
`
`input a distance to be used in the sampling mode and then be given a list of options
`
`such as 400 meters, 440 yards, 1600 meters, or one mile, or be asked to simply input
`
`1 o
`
`any distance known to the user that will be traveled during the sampling mode.
`
`The present invention makes full use of the relationship between a faster rate
`
`of travel and longer stride lengths. In other words, the faster a user is moving, the
`
`longer will be the stride length. Over the course of the run or walk, the user's step
`
`rate and, therefore, stride length will change and the user will cover more ground
`
`15
`
`when moving fast and less ground when moving slow.
`
`Clearly, using a fixed average stride length in calculating distance traveled will
`
`result in errors using prior pedometers. This is particularly true if a user changes
`
`pace, or improves conditioning and speed to the point where the average stride length
`
`over a given run increases dramatically. The error compensators in prior devices do
`
`20
`
`not adjust for changes in pace. With the old devices, a user needed to re-calibrate
`
`periodically to be close to getting an accurate reading, and could not change pace
`
`during a workout without decreasing accuracy.
`
`To make the correction, the user activates a "Use Mode" in which the data
`
`processor 3 0 calculates an Actual Stride Rate based on data from the stride counter
`
`25
`
`24 and the clock 48. For example, an Actual Stride Rate can be calculated every five
`
`seconds without the user doing more than activating the " Use Mode" button, while
`
`all the calculations are performed by the data processor automatically. The
`
`percentage change between the Actual Stride Rate and the Base Stride Rate is then
`
`computed by the data processor 30 to determine an Actual Stride Length. Again, if
`
`30
`
`the Actual Stride Rate is greater than the Base Stride Rate, the Actual Stride Length
`
`is longer than the Base Stride Length. If the Actual Steps Per Second is lower than
`
`6
`
`IPR2017-01058
`Garmin EX1003 Page 16
`
`

`

`the Base Steps Per Second, the Actual Stride Length is shorter than the Base Stride
`
`Length. The algorithm below provides a means for comparing the Actual and Base
`
`Stride rates to arrive at an accurate Actual Stride Length.
`
`First, a comparison between the Actual Stride Rate and the Base Stride Rate
`
`5
`
`is made to determine whether Actual Stride Rate is less than or equal to Base Stride
`
`Rate multiplied by 1.02. Stride Length is calculated by:
`
`Actual Stride Length= Base Stride Length+
`
`Base Stride Length *(((Actual Stride Rate- Base Stride Rate)N)/Base Stride
`
`Rate)
`
`1 o
`
`Where: N= 1 when Actual Stride Rate is less than or equal to Base Stride Rate
`
`multiplied by 1.02, and N=3 when Actual Stride Rate is greater than Base Stride Rate
`
`multiplied by 1. 02, although other N values in the range of one to three can be used.
`
`The above algorithm is accurate for heel to toe activities such as walking or
`
`jogging, but is less accurate for sprinting (toe only).
`
`15
`
`A third method of calculating actual stride length uses three separate run or
`
`walk samples at three different paces. This is the most accurate option. With this
`
`method, the N values are unique for each individual. By deriving anN value for each
`
`individual, this value more accurately reflects the actual change in stride length with a
`
`change in pace. After a proper warmup, the user completes a sample run or walk on
`
`20
`
`the track at a normal pace. This first sample S