`15 December 1996
`Original: ENGLISH
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`ASSEMBLY
`19th session
`Agenda item 10
`
`RESOLUTION A.817(19)
`adopted on 23 November 1995
`
`PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR ELECTRONIC CHART DISPLAY AND
`INFORMATION SYSTEMS (ECDIS)
`
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`THE ASSEMBLY,
`
`
`RECALLING Article 15(j) of the Convention on the International Maritime Organization
`concerning the functions of the Assembly in relation to regulations and guidelines concerning maritime
`safety,
`
`
`RECALLING ALSO regulation V/20 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
`(SOLAS), 1974, which requires all ships to carry adequate and up-to-date charts, sailing directions, lists
`of lights, notices to mariners, tide tables and all other nautical publications necessary for the intended
`voyage,
`
`
`NOTING that the up-to-date charts required by SOLAS regulation V/20 can be provided and
`displayed electronically on board ships by electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS), and
`that the other nautical publications required by regulation V/20 may also be so provided and displayed,
`
`
`RECOGNIZING the need to prepare performance standards for ECDIS in order to ensure the
`operational reliability of such equipment, and to ensure that the information provided and displayed
`electronically is at least equivalent to that of up-to-date charts and, when also provided and displayed,
`other nautical publications, and to avoid, as far as practicable, adverse interaction between ECDIS and
`other shipborne navigational and communication equipment,
`
`
`NOTING FURTHER that the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) has, in
`co-operation with IMO, developed complementary recommendations on electronic navigational charts,
`thereby standardizing the database and the content, structure and format of the information provided and
`displayed,
`
`
`HAVING CONSIDERED the recommendation made by the Maritime Safety Committee at its
`sixty-third session,
`
`ADOPTS the Recommendation on Performance Standards for Electronic Chart Display and
`1.
`Information Systems (ECDIS) set out in the Annex to the present resolution;
`
`RECOMMENDS Governments to ensure that ECDIS used on ships entitled to fly their flag
`2.
`conform to performance standards not inferior to those set out in the Annex to the present resolution;
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`REQUESTS the Maritime Safety Committee to keep these Performance Standards under review
`3.
`and to adopt amendments thereto, as necessary;
`
`ALSO REQUESTS the Maritime Safety Committee to ensure that any proposed amendments to
`4.
`this resolution are agreed with IHO prior to adoption.
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`DEFINITIONS
`
`For the purpose of these performance standards:
`
`
`Electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) means a navigation information
`2.1
`system which, with adequate back-up arrangements, can be accepted as complying with the up-to-date
`chart required by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, by displaying selected information
`from a system electronic navigational chart (SENC) with positional information from navigation sensors
`to assist the mariner in route planning and route monitoring, and by displaying additional
`navigation-related information if required.
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`*IEC Publication 945 (see Appendix 1).
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`ANNEX
`
`PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR ELECTRONIC CHART DISPLAY AND
`INFORMATION SYSTEMS (ECDIS)
`
`
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`The primary function of the ECDIS is to contribute to safe navigation.
`
`ECDIS should facilitate simple and reliable updating of the electronic navigational chart.
`
`
`1.1
`
`ECDIS, with adequate back-up arrangements, may be accepted as complying with the up-to-date
`1.2
`charts required by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.
`
`In addition to the general requirements for shipborne radio equipment forming part of the global
`1.3
`maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) and the requirements for electronic navigational aids
`contained in IMO resolution A.694(17)*, ECDIS should meet the requirements of this performance
`standard.
`
`ECDIS should be capable of displaying all chart information necessary for safe and efficient
`1.4
`navigation originated by, and distributed on the authority of, government-authorized hydrographic
`offices.
`
`1.5
`
`Use of ECDIS should reduce the navigational workload as compared to use of a paper chart. It
`1.6
`should enable the mariner to execute in a convenient and timely manner all route planning, route
`monitoring and positioning currently performed on paper charts. It should be capable of continuously
`plotting the ship's position.
`
`ECDIS should have at least the same reliability and availability of presentation as the paper chart
`1.7
`published by government-authorized hydrographic offices.
`
`ECDIS should provide appropriate alarms or indications with respect to the information displayed
`1.8
`or malfunction of the equipment (see Appendix 5).
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`Electronic navigational chart (ENC) means the database, standardized as to content, structure
`2.2
`and format, issued for use with ECDIS on the authority of government-authorized hydrographic offices.
`The ENC contains all the chart information necessary for safe navigation, and may contain supplementary
`information in addition to that contained in the paper chart (e.g. sailing directions) which may be
`considered necessary for safe navigation.
`
`System electronic navigational chart (SENC) means a database resulting from the
`2.3
`transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for appropriate use, updates to the ENC by appropriate means, and
`other data added by the mariner. It is this database that is actually accessed by ECDIS for the display
`generation and other navigational functions, and is the equivalent to an up-to-date paper chart.
`The SENC may also contain information from other sources.
`
`Standard display means the SENC information that should be shown when a chart is first
`2.4
`displayed on ECDIS. The level of the information it provides for route planning or route monitoring may
`be modified by the mariner according to the mariner's needs.
`
`Display base means the level of SENC information which cannot be removed from the display,
`2.5
`consisting of information which is required at all times in all geographical areas and all circumstances. It
`is not intended to be sufficient for safe navigation.
`
`Further information on ECDIS definitions may be found in IHO Special Publication S-52,
`2.6
`Appendix 3 (see Appendix 1).
`
` 3
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`
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`DISPLAY OF SENC INFORMATION
`
`ECDIS should be capable of displaying all SENC information.
`
`
`
`ECDIS should present the standard display at any time by a single operator action.
`
`
`3.1
`
`SENC information available for display during route planning and route monitoring should be
`3.2
`subdivided into three categories, display base, standard display, and all other information
`(see Appendix 2).
`
`3.3
`
`3.4 When a chart is first displayed on ECDIS, it should provide the standard display at the largest
`scale available in the SENC for the displayed area.
`
`It should be easy to add or remove information from the ECDIS display. It should not be possible
`3.5
`to remove information contained in the display base.
`
`It should be possible for the mariner to select a safety contour from the depth contours provided
`3.6
`by the SENC. ECDIS should give the safety contour more emphasis than other contours on the display.
`
`It should be possible for the mariner to select a safety depth. ECDIS should emphasize soundings
`3.7
`equal to or less than the safety depth whenever spot soundings are selected for display.
`
`The ENC and all updates to it should be displayed without any degradation of their information
`3.8
`content.
`
`ECDIS should provide a means of ensuring that the ENC and all updates to it have been correctly
`3.9
`loaded into the SENC.
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`It should not be possible to alter the contents of the ENC.
`
`Updates should be stored separately from the ENC.
`
`
`3.10 The ENC data and updates to it should be clearly distinguishable from other displayed
`information, such as, for example, that listed in Appendix 3.
`PROVISION AND UPDATING* OF CHART INFORMATION
`4
`
`The chart information to be used in ECDIS should be the latest edition of information originated
`4.1
`by a government-authorized hydrographic office, and conform to IHO standards.
`
`The contents of the SENC should be adequate and up-to-date for the intended voyage, as required
`4.2
`by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.
`
`4.3
`
`4.4
`
`ECDIS should be capable of accepting official updates to the ENC data provided in conformity
`4.5
`with IHO standards. These updates should be automatically applied to the SENC. By whatever means
`updates are received, the implementation procedure should not interfere with the display in use.
`
`ECDIS should also be capable of accepting updates to the ENC data entered manually with
`4.6
`simple means for verification prior to the final acceptance of the data. They should be distinguishable on
`the display from ENC information and its official updates, and not affect display legibility.
`
`4.7
`
`ECDIS should allow the mariner to display updates so that the mariner may review their contents
`4.8
`and ascertain that they have been included in the SENC.
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`ECDIS should keep a record of updates, including time of application to the SENC.
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`SCALE
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`ECDIS should provide an indication of whether:
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`.1
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`.2
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`the information is displayed at a larger scale than that contained in the ENC; or
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`own ship's position is covered by an ENC at a larger scale than that provided by the
`display.
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` 6
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`DISPLAY OF OTHER NAVIGATIONAL INFORMATION
`
`
`Radar information or other navigational information may be added to the ECDIS display.
`6.1
`However, it should not degrade the SENC information, and should be clearly distinguishable from the
`SENC information.
`
`ECDIS and added navigational information should use a common reference system. If this is not
`6.2
`the case, an indication should be provided.
`
`Radar
`6.3
`
`*Appendix 1 to IHO Special Publication S-52 (see Appendix 1).
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`6.3.1 Transferred radar information may contain both the radar image and ARPA information.
`
`If the radar image is added to the ECDIS display, the chart and the radar image should match in
`6.3.2
`scale and in orientation.
`
`6.3.3 The radar image and the position from the position sensor should both be adjusted automatically
`for antenna offset from the conning position.
`
`It should be possible to adjust the displayed position of the ship manually so that the radar image
`6.3.4
`matches the SENC display.
`
`6.3.5
`
`It should be possible to remove the radar information by single operator action.
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` 7
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`DISPLAY MODE AND GENERATION OF THE NEIGHBOURING AREA
`
`ECDIS should provide for true motion mode. Other modes are permitted.
`
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`It should always be possible to display the SENC in a "north-up" orientation. Other orientations
`7.1
`are permitted.
`
`7.2
`
`7.3 When true motion mode is in use, reset and generation of the neighbouring area should take place
`automatically at a distance from the border of the display determined by the mariner.
`
`It should be possible manually to change the chart area and the position of own ship relative to
`7.4
`the edge of the display.
`
` 8
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`COLOURS AND SYMBOLS
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`IHO recommended colours and symbols should be used to represent SENC information*.
`
`
`8.1
`
`The colours and symbols other than those mentioned in 8.1 should be those used to describe the
`8.2
`navigational elements and parameters listed in Appendix 3 and published by IEC**.
`
`SENC information, when displayed at the scale specified in the ENC, should use the specified
`8.3
`size of symbols, figures and letters* **.
`
`ECDIS should allow the mariner to select whether own ship is displayed in true scale or as a
`8.4
`symbol.
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` 9
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`
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`DISPLAY REQUIREMENTS
`
`
`ECDIS should be capable of displaying information for:
`9.1
`
`*Appendix 2 to IHO Special Publication S-52 (see Appendix 1).
`
`**IEC Publication 1174.
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`.1
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`route planning and supplementary navigation tasks;
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`.2
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`route monitoring.
`
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`The effective size of the chart presentation for route monitoring should be at least 270 mm
`9.2
`by 270 mm.
`
`The display should be capable of complying with the colour and resolution recommendations
`9.3
`of IHO*.
`
`The method of presentation should ensure that the displayed information is clearly visible to more
`9.4
`than one observer in the conditions of light normally experienced on the bridge of the ship by day and by
`night.
`
`10
`
`It should be possible to carry out route planning and route monitoring in a simple and reliable
`10.1
`manner.
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`10.2 ECDIS should be designed following ergonomic principles for user-friendly operation.
`
`10.3 The largest scale data available in the SENC for the area given should always be used by the
`ECDIS for all alarms or indications of crossing the ship's safety contour and of entering a prohibited area,
`and for alarms and indications according to Appendix 5.
`
`10.4 Route planning
`
`10.4.1 It should be possible to carry out route planning including both straight and curved segments.
`
`10.4.2 It should be possible to adjust a planned route by, for example:
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`ROUTE PLANNING, MONITORING AND VOYAGE RECORDING
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`.1
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`adding waypoints to a route;
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`.2
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`.3
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`deleting waypoints from a route;
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`changing the position of a waypoint;
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`.4
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`changing the order of the waypoints in the route.
`
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`10.4.3 It should be possible to plan an alternative route in addition to the selected route. The selected
`route should be clearly distinguishable from the other routes.
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`10.4.4 An indication is required if the mariner plans a route across an own ship's safety contour.
`
`10.4.5 An indication is required if the mariner plans a route across the boundary of a prohibited area or
`of a geographical area for which special conditions exist (see Appendix 4).
`
`*Appendix 2 to IHO Special Publication S-52.
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`10.4.6 It should be possible for the mariner to specify a limit of deviation from the planned route at
`which activation of an automatic offtrack alarm should occur.
`
`10.5 Route monitoring
`
`10.5.1 For route monitoring the selected route and own ship's position should appear whenever the
`display covers that area.
`
`10.5.2 It should be possible to display a sea area that does not have the ship on the display (e.g., for look
`ahead, route planning), while route monitoring. If this is done on the display used for route monitoring,
`the automatic route monitoring functions (e.g., updating ship's position, and providing alarms and
`indications) should be continuous. It should be possible to return to the route monitoring display
`covering own ship's position immediately by single operator action.
`
`10.5.3 ECDIS should give an alarm if the ship, within a specified time set by the mariner, is going to
`cross the safety contour.
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`10.5.4 ECDIS should give an alarm or indication, as selected by the mariner, if the ship, within a
`specified time set by the mariner, is going to cross the boundary of a prohibited area or of a geographical
`area for which special conditions exist (see Appendix 4).
`
`10.5.5 An alarm should be given when the specified limit for deviation from the planned route is
`exceeded.
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`10.5.6 The ship's position should be derived from a continuous positioning system of an accuracy
`consistent with the requirements of safe navigation. Whenever possible, a second independent
`positioning method of a different type should be provided; ECDIS should be capable of identifying
`discrepancies between the two systems.
`
`10.5.7 ECDIS should provide an indication when the input from the position-fixing system is lost.
`ECDIS should also repeat, but only as an indication, any alarm or indication passed to it from a
`position-fixing system.
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`10.5.8 An alarm should be given by ECDIS if the ship, within a specified time or distance set by the
`mariner, is going to reach a critical point on the planned route.
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`10.5.9 The positioning system and the SENC should be on the same geodetic datum. ECDIS should
`give an alarm if this is not the case.
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`10.5.10 It should be possible to display an alternative route in addition to the selected route. The
`selected route should be clearly distinguishable from the other routes. During the voyage, it should be
`possible for the mariner to modify the selected sailing route or change to an alternative route.
`
`10.5.11 It should be possible to display:
`
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`.1
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`time-labels along ship's track, manually on demand and automatically at intervals
`selected between 1 and 120 m; and
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`an adequate number of: points, free movable electronic bearing lines, variable and
`fixed-range markers and other symbols required for navigation purposes and specified in
`Appendix 3.
`
`to ensure a record of own ship's past track: time, position, heading, and speed; and
`
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`10.5.12 It should be possible to enter the geographical co-ordinates of any position and then display that
`position on demand. It should also be possible to select any point (features, symbol or position) on the
`display and to read its geographical co-ordinates on demand.
`
`10.5.13 It should be possible to adjust the ship's geographical position manually. This manual
`adjustment should be noted alpha-numerically on the screen, maintained until altered by the mariner, and
`automatically recorded.
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`10.6 Voyage recording
`
`10.6.1 ECDIS should store and be able to reproduce certain minimum elements required to reconstruct
`the navigation and verify the official database used during the previous 12 hours. The following data
`should be recorded at one-minute intervals:
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`.2
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`.1
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`.2
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`to ensure a record of official data used: ENC source, edition, date, cell and update
`history.
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`10.6.2 In addition, ECDIS should record the complete track for the entire voyage, with time marks at
`intervals not exceeding 4 hours.
`
`10.6.3 It should not be possible to manipulate or change the recorded information.
`
`10.6.4 ECDIS should have the capability to preserve the record of the previous 12 hours and of the
`voyage track.
`
`11
`
`11.1 The accuracy of all calculations performed by ECDIS should be independent of the characteristics
`of the output device and should be consistent with the SENC accuracy.
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`11.2 Bearings and distances drawn on the display, or those measured between features already drawn
`on the display, should have an accuracy no less than that afforded by the resolution of the display.
`
`12
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`12.1 ECDIS should not degrade the performance of any equipment providing sensor inputs. Nor
`should the connection of optional equipment degrade the performance of ECDIS below this standard.
`
`12.2 ECDIS should be connected to systems providing continuous position-fixing, heading and speed
`information.
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`ACCURACY
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`CONNECTIONS WITH OTHER EQUIPMENT*
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`*IEC Publication 1162.
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`PERFORMANCE TESTS, MALFUNCTION ALARMS AND INDICATIONS
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`BACK-UP ARRANGEMENTS
`
`13
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`13.1 ECDIS should be provided with means for carrying out on-board tests of major functions either
`automatically or manually. In case of a failure, the test should display information to indicate which
`module is at fault.
`13.2 ECDIS should provide a suitable alarm or indication of system malfunction.
`
`14
`
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`Adequate back-up arrangements should be provided to ensure safe navigation in case of an
`ECDIS failure.
`
`
`.1
`
`Facilities enabling a safe take-over of the ECDIS functions should be provided in order
`to ensure that an ECDIS failure does not result in a critical situation.
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`.2
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`A back-up arrangement should be provided facilitating means for safe navigation of the
`remaining part of the voyage in case of an ECDIS failure.
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`POWER SUPPLY
`
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`15
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`It should be possible to operate ECDIS and all equipment necessary for its normal functioning
`15.1
`when supplied by an emergency source of electrical power in accordance with the appropriate
`requirements of chapter II-1 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.
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`15.2 Changing from one source of power supply to another, or any interruption of the supply for a
`period of up to 45 s, should not require the equipment to be re-initialized manually.
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`APPENDIX 1
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`REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
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`The following international organizations have developed technical standards and specifications,
`as listed below, for use in conjunction with this standard. The latest edition of these documents should be
`obtained from the organization concerned.
`
`INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC ORGANIZATION
`
`Address:
`
`Directing Committee
`International Hydrographic Bureau
`BP 445
`MC 98011 Monaco CEDEX
`Principality of Monaco
`
`Phone: + 33 9350 6587
`Fax:
`+ 33 9325 2003
`
`
`Publications
`
`Special Publication No.S-52 "Provisional Specifications for Chart Content and Display of ECDIS",
`2nd Edition, September 1992
`
`S-52 Appendix 1 "Report of the IHO (COE) Working Group on Updating the Electronic Chart",
`1st Edition, June 1990
`
`S-52 Appendix 2 "Provisional Colour and Symbol Specifications for ECDIS", 1st Edition, February 1991
`
`S-52 Appendix 3 "Glossary of ECDIS-related Terms", 1st Edition, July 1991
`
`Special Publication No.S-57 "IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data"
`
`INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC)
`
`Address:
`
`IEC Central Office
`3 rue de Varembé
`PO Box 131
`CH-1211 Geneva 20
`Switzerland
`
`Phone: + 41 22 734 01 50
`Fax:
`+ 41 22 733 38 43
`
`
`Publications
`
`IEC Publication 1174 "Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS)"
`
`IEC Publication 945 "General Requirements for Shipborne Radio Equipment Forming Part of the Global
`Maritime Distress and Safety System and Marine Navigational Equipment"
`
`IEC Publication 1162 "Digital Interfaces - Navigation and Radiocommunication Equipment On Board
`Ship"
`
`
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`APPENDIX 2
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`SENC INFORMATION AVAILABLE FOR DISPLAY DURING
`ROUTE PLANNING AND ROUTE MONITORING
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`Display base, permanently retained on the ECDIS display, consisting of:
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`.1
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`.2
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`.3
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`.4
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`.5
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`.6
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`.7
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`coastline (high water);
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`own ship's safety contour, to be selected by the mariner;
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`indication of isolated underwater dangers at depths of less than the safety contour which
`lie within the safe waters defined by the safety contour;
`
`indication of isolated dangers which lie within the safe water defined by the safety
`contour such as bridges, overhead wires, etc., including buoys and beacons, whether or
`not these are being used as aids to navigation;
`
`traffic routeing systems;
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`scale, range, orientation and display mode;
`
`units of depth and height.
`
`Standard display, to be displayed when the chart is first displayed by ECDIS, consisting of:
`
`.1
`.2
`.3
`.4
`.5
`.6
`.7
`.8
`
`display base
`drying line
`indication of fixed and floating aids to navigation
`boundaries of fairways, channels, etc.
`visual and radar conspicuous features
`prohibited and restricted areas
`chart scale boundaries
`indication of cautionary notes
`
`
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`All other information, displayed individually on demand, for example:
`
` 3
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`.1
`.2
`.3
`.4
`.5
`.6
`.7
`.8
`.9
`.10
`.11
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`spot soundings
`submarine cables and pipelines
`ferry routes
`details of all isolated dangers
`details of aids to navigation
`contents of cautionary notes
`ENC edition date
`geodetic datum
`magnetic variation
`graticule
`place names
`
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`FLIR-1011.012
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`A 19/Res.817
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`APPENDIX 3
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`NAVIGATIONAL ELEMENTS AND PARAMETERS*
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`Own ship
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`.1
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`.2
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`Past track with time marks for primary track
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`Past track with time marks for secondary track
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`Vector for course and speed made good
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`Variable range marker and/or electronic bearing line
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`Cursor
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`Event
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`.1
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`.2
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`Dead reckoning position and time (DR)
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`Estimated position and time (EP)
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`Fix and time
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`Position line and time
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`Transferred position line and time
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`.1
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`.2
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`Predicted tidal stream or current vector with effective time and strength (in box)
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`Actual tidal stream or current vector with effective time and strength (in box)
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`Danger highlight
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`Clearing line
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`Planned course and speed to make good. Speed is shown in box
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`Distance to run
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`Planned position with date and time
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`Visual limits of lights arc to show rising/dipping range
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`10
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`11
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`12 Waypoint
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`13
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`14
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`15
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`*See IEC Publication 1174.
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`FLIR-1011.013
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`A 19/Res.817
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`- 14 -
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`16
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`Position and time of "wheelover"
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`FLIR-1011.014
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`- 15 -
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`A 19/Res.817
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`APPENDIX 4
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`AREAS FOR WHICH SPECIAL CONDITIONS EXIST
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`The following are the areas which ECDIS should detect and for which it should provide an alarm
`or indication under 10.4.5 and 10.5.4:
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`Traffic separation zone
`Traffic routeing scheme crossing or roundabout
`Traffic routeing scheme precautionary area
`Two-way traffic route
`Deepwater route
`Recommended traffic lane
`Inshore traffic zone
`Fairway
`Restricted area
`Caution area
`Offshore production area
`Areas to be avoided
`Military practice area
`Seaplane landing area
`Submarine transit lane
`Ice area
`Channel
`Fishing ground
`Fishing prohibited
`Pipeline area
`Cable area
`Anchorage area
`Anchorage prohibited
`Dumping ground
`Spoil ground
`Dredged area
`Cargo transshipment area
`Incineration area
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`FLIR-1011.015
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`A 19/Res.817
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`- 16 -
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`Specially protected areas
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`FLIR-1011.016
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`In this performance standard the definitions of indicators and alarms provided in the
`IMO publication "Code on Alarms and Indicators" (IMO-867E) apply.
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`Alarm: An alarm or alarm system which announces by audible means, or audible and visual
`means, a condition requiring attention.
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`Indicator: Visual indication giving information about the condition of a system or equipment.
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`- 17 -
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`A 19/Res.817
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`APPENDIX 5
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`ALARMS AND INDICATORS
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`Information
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`Largest scale for alarm
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`Exceeding off-track limits
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`Crossing safety contour
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`Area with special conditions
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`Deviation from route
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`Approach to critical point
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`Different geodetic datum
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`Malfunction of ECDIS
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`Information overscale
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`Larger scale ENC available
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`Different reference system
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`Route planning across safety contour
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`Route planning across specified area
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`Positioning system failure
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`System test failure
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`Section
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`Requirements
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`Alarm or Indication
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`Alarm
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`Alarm
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`Alarm or Indication
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`Alarm
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`Alarm
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`Alarm
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`Alarm or Indication
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`Indication
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`Indication
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`Indication
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`Indication
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`Indication
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`Indication
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`Indication
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`10.3
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`10.4.6
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`10.5.3
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`10.5.4
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`10.5.5
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`10.5.8
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`10.5.9
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`13.2
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`5.1
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`5.2
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`6.2
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`10.4.4
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`10.4.5
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`10.5.7
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`13.1
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`FLIR-1011.017
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