WILEY ELECTRICAL AND
`
`ELECTRONIC S" ENGINEERING
`
`DICTIONARY
`
`A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
`
`Laxieographer
`
`Steven M. Kaplan
`
`@lEEE
`IEEE PRESS
`
`flWILEY’
`
`INTERSCIENCE
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`IP Bridge Exhibit 2004
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`Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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`Published by; Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
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`Kaplart Steven‘M.
`Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary
`ISBN 0-471-40224-9
`
`Printed in the United States ofAmerica;
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`ma rk-to-space ratio
`
`mark—to~space ratio Same as mark-space ratio.
`marker 1. Same as mark (I). 2. Same as mark (2), 3. That
`which serves to make a mark (1) or mark (2). 4. 0n the
`screen of an oscilloscope, a pip which serves to identify a
`reference frequency.
`marker beacon 1. A beacon which radiates a specific pattern
`vertically, and which serves to provide positional informa-
`tion to aircraft. Used, for instance, in an instrument landing
`system, 2. A low-powered beacon which assists marine or
`aeronautical navigation.
`
`marker frequency A frequency which serves to distinguish,
`indicate, or identify. For example, that which indicates the
`upper end ofa frequency band.
`marker generator 1. A radio-frequency generator, such as an
`oscillator, which generates markers (4).
`2. A radio—
`frequency generator, such as an oscillator, which generates
`reference pulses, such as those ofa specific frequency, dura-
`tion, or amplitude.
`Markov model A manner of representing the associations
`between data elements utilizing probability. Used exten—
`sively in voice recognition software.
`markup language A language, such as HTML or XML,
`utilized for transforming unformatted text
`into structured
`documents by inserting hyperlinks, tags, and other display
`and fomiatting instmctions.
`marquee In computer graphics, a dotted line that frames a
`selected object, such as a picture. When the dots ofsaid line
`move or flash, also called marching ants.
`Marx generator A device which charges multiple capacitors
`in parallel,
`then discharges them in series. usually using
`spark gaps. Each discharge produces a high-voitagc pulse.
`maser Abbreviation of microwave amplification by stimu-
`lntctl emission of radiation. A device whose opelnlion is
`similar to that oh: laser, and which is utilized to amplify or
`generate coherent microwave radiation. Examples include
`gas 3an solid-state masers. Used, for instance, in communi-
`standards.
`cations, radio astronomy, radars, and as time and frequency
`
`454
`
`mass 33"? '
`effect (2).
`Also, the extent to which this occurs. Also called um
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.'
`
`"uni
`masking effect 1. Same as masking (2). 2. Same 33 must“
`.
`(3).
`Jig .
`masking sound An obscuring sound whose prescme ,1.
`I‘
`t
`the threshold ofhearing ofanother, desired sound. The i139}; .
`of masking is usually expressed in decibels.
`‘i'filr
`masonite A hard board made from pressed wood fih
`‘
`Used, for instance, as a panel upon which electrical comm“
`nents may be mounted.
`p0";
`masquerade To attempt to deceive and/or hami by appear,
`I
`as someone or something else. For example, to Send mm.“
`with the/ram field using the name of another pers
`m
`.
`.
`,
`,
`on or c"
`tity, or the manner In which a TrOJan horse can appear lab
`a harmless program.
`class
`I. The quantity or matter in a body or medium, Th
`mass of :1 body makes it resist acceleration, and gives;
`gravitational attraction.
`[[5 SI unit is the kilogran and it!
`symbol is m. The weight {1) ofan object Varies tlcpcndl-n
`on the gravitationnl force exerted upon it, while its rims
`does not.
`2. A given body of matter.
`3. A large m Very )
`inrge amount. 4.1‘hc principal pun ofsoinclhing
`mass absorption coefficient For given material or medium v
`the linear absorption coefficient divided by the density 011',
`said mnteriul or medium.
`I'
`mass conservation A law which‘states that mass, or mam”.
`cannot be cannot be created nor destroyed in an isolated gys.
`tern. For instance, the mass remains constant when a sub.
`stance changes form a solid to a gas in an isolated system,
`This law does not always hold true when dealing with sub..
`atomic particles. Also called matter conservation, comet-.-
`vation of mass, or law of mass conservation.
`mass-energy equation A fundamental formula for the inter.
`conversion of mass and energy.
`It
`is E= me“, where Ei .
`energy, in is mass, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum
`Also called Einstein mass-energy relation.
`mass memory Same as mass storage (1).
`mass number The number of protons and neutrons in th '
`nucleus of an atom. For example, the mass number of the
`most common isotope of carbon is 12, as it has 6 protons
`ber.
`and 6 neutrons.
`[ts symbol is A. Also called nucleon num« '
`
`
`
`mask 1. An object, stencil, or other device which is applied or
`placed upon a surface, so as to permit the selective passing
`ofpnnicles, bean-ts, rays, substances, and so on, to form any
`desired patterns.
`2. The use of a mask (1) to selectively
`shield portions of semiconductor wafers, or other motorists,
`during manufacturing. Used, foriuslancc, in lithography. 3. III
`a picture tube with a tlireencolor gun, a grill with round holes
`that is placed behind the screen to make sure that each color
`beam strikes the correct phosphor dot on said screen.
`It in-
`sures, for instance, that the electron beam intended for the
`red phosphor dots only hits those. Also called aperture
`mask, or shadow mask. 4. To obscure a signal or sound
`with a stronger one. 5. A pattern ofbits or characters which
`determines whether another set of bits or characters will be
`selected,
`transmitted, changed, or discarded.
`6. A frame
`which serves to conceal the edges ofa CRT.
`mask bit A bit which determines if a corresponding bit will
`be selected, transmitted, changed, or discarded.
`masknblc interrupt An interrupt which can be disabled by
`another inlerntpt. Such on interrupt may occur, for instance.
`when a there is a serious problem, or if given task or pro-
`gram needs the undivided attention of the CPU, A non-
`FIIBHHCF.
`musknhle interrupt is one which can not be disabled in this
`
`masking 1. The use ofa mask. 2. The amount by which the
`threshold ofhearing a sound is increased due to the presence
`of another, obscuring sound. The level of masking is issu-
`nlly expressed in decibels. Also called masking effect (1),
`audio masking, or aural mucking. J. The manner in which
`a signal, property, or phenomenon is obscured by another.
`
`-
`
`mass spectrograph A mass spectrometer in which the tic-rec.
`tor is a photographic plate. Also called mass Spectroseupe
`(2).
`mass spectrometer An instrument which identifies ions based
`on their Charge-[04111155 ratio.
`In it, Lllc sample to be ann-
`Iyzcd is vaporized. placed in a vacuum, ionized by an elec-
`tron bcarn. acuelemted by an electric field,
`than deflected
`.
`into a curved path by u magnetic field. The amount of M ‘
`Hection of any given ion will depend on its charge-tc-WSS ~ t
`ratio, so each different speeiex is sepamtcd acoording In its
`mass. A detector records the distribution of each of the
`masses. each producing its clwmcteristic peaks. Widely util-
`ized to analyze eiemcnts and compounds Also cnlled IIIHSs
`specti'nscopc (I).
`Its abbreviation is MS.
`mass spectrometry The use of a mass spectrometer for
`analysis.
`Its abbreviation is MS.
`
`_
`
`.
`
`as mass spectrograph.
`mass spectroscope 1. Same as mass spectrometer. 2. Same "
`mass spectroscopy The use ofa mass spectrometer to oblfii" -
`atomic and molecular spectrums.
`Its abbreviation is MS-
`mass spectrum The display, plot, or other visual output PTO'
`duced when utilizing mass spectrometry.
`mass storage 1. An extemsl storage medium, such as 5 disc
`or tape, which holds a large amount ofdata, especially WWI”
`compared to that which can be placed in the cen'npulcrs
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