WILEY ELECTRICAL AND
`ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
`DICTIONARY
`
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`es &
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`As?
`SEP 29 2915
`
`A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
`
`
`
`
`<7‘brats
`
`Steven M. Kaplan
`Lexicographer
`
`LIBRARY
`ROPES8c
`1211 AVE, OFen LLP
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`HE AME
`NEWYORK, ny 10m
`21 2-596-9000
`
`IEEE
`
`IEEE PRESS
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`Ay)WILEY~
`
`INTERSCIENCE
`
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`Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons,Inc. All rights reserved.
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`Kaplan, StevenM.
`Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary
`ISBN 0-471-40224-9
`
`Printed in the United States ofAmerica:
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`mark-to-space ratio
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`Mass Stay,
`7
`mark-to-space ratio Same as mark-spaceratio.
`Also, the extent to which this occurs. Also called mag 4
`marker 1. Same as mark (1), 2. Same as mark (2), 3. That
`effect(2).
`4B
`which serves to make a mark (1) or mark (2). 4. On the
`masking effect 1. Same as masking (2). 2. Same ag ma
`}
`GB)
`screen of an oscilloscope, a pip which serves to identify a
`3).
`Skin
`reference frequency.
`masking sound An obscuring sound whose Presence 45: a
`marker beacon J. A beacon which radiates a specific pattern
`the threshold ofhearing ofanother, desired sound. The \ Ise u
`vertically, and which serves to provide positional informa-
`of maskingis usually expressed in decibels.
`evel
`tion to aircraft. Used, for instance, in an instrument landing
`masonite A hard board made from pressed Woo
`System. 2. A low-powered beacon which assists marine or
`aeronautical navigation.
`fiberglll
`Used,for instance, as a panel upon whichelectrical
`1
`nents may be mounted.
`marker frequency A frequency which serves to distinguish,
`masquerade To attempt to deceive and/or harm by APpeariy
`indicate, or identify. For example, that which indicates the
`upper end ofa frequency band,
`as someone or something else. For example, to Send emit
`with thefrom field using the name of another person or ef
`marker generator 1. A radio-frequency generator, such as an
`tity, or the manner in which a Trojan horse can Appear to f,
`oscillator, which generates markers (4).
`2. A radio-
`a harmless program.
`frequency generator, such as an oscillator, which generates
`mass
`1. The quantity of matter in a body or medium, Th
`reference pulses, such as those of a specific frequency, dura-
`tion, or amplitude,
`mass of a body makes it resist acceleration, and Bives it
`gravitational attraction.
`Its SI unit is the kilogram, and tg
`Markov model A manner of representing the associations
`symbol ism. The weight (1) of an object varies depending
`between data elements utilizing probability. Used exten-
`on the gravitational force exerted upon it, while its Mags
`sively in voice recognition software.
`does not,
`2. A given body of matter.
`3. A large or very |
`markup language A language, such as HTML or XML,
`large amount. 4. The principal part ofsomething,
`utilized for transforming unformatted text
`into structured
`mass absorption coefficient For given material of medium,
`documents byinserting hyperlinks, tags, and other display
`the linear absorption coefficient divided by the density of
`and formatting instructions,
`said material or medium,
`marquee In computer graphics, a dotted line that frames a
`niass conservation A law which states that mass, or matter,
`selected object, such as a picture. When the dots ofsaid line
`cannot be cannotbe created nor destroyed in an isolated sys-
`moveorflash, also called marchingants.
`tem.
`Forinstance, the mass remains constant when a sub.
`Marx generator A device which charges multiple capacitors
`—
`stance changes form a solid to a gas in anisolated system,
`in parallel,
`then discharges them inseries, usually using
`This law does not always hold true when dealing with sub.
`spark gaps. Each discharge produces a high-voltagepulse,
`atomic particles. Also called matter conservation, conser us
`maser Abbreviation of microwave amplification by stimu-
`vation of mass, or law of mags conservation.
`lated emission of radiation. A device whose operation is
`mass-energy equation A fundamental formula for the inter
`similar to that ofa laser, and which is utilized to amplify or
`conversion of mass and energy.
`It
`is E = me’, where £ js.
`generate coherent microwave radiation, Examples include
`energy, m is mass, and¢is the speed of light in a vacuum,
`gas and solid-state masers. Used, for instance, in communi-
`Also called Einstein mass-energyrelation.
`cations, radio astronomy, radars, and as time and frequency
`standards,
`mass memory Same as mass storage (1).
`mass number The numberof protons and neutrons in the
`mask 1. An object, stencil, or other device which is applied or
`nucleus of an atom. For example, the mass numberofthe
`Placed upon a surface, so as to permit the selective passing
`most common isotope of carbon is 12, as it has 6 protons |
`of particles, beams, rays, substances, and go on, to form any
`and 6 neutrons,
`Its symbol is A. Also called nucleon num=
`ber.
`desired patterns,
`2, The use of a mask (1) to selectively
`shield portions of semiconductor wafers, or other materials,
`during manufacturing, Used,for instance,in lithography, 3. In
`4 picture tube with a three-color gun, a grill with round holes
`that is placed behind the screen to make sure that each color
`beam strikes the carrect Phosphordot on said screen.
`It in-
`sures, for instance, that the electron beam intended for the
`red phosphor dots only hits those, Also called aperture
`mask, or shadow mask. 4, To obscure a signal or sound
`with a stronger one. 5. A pattern ofbits or characters which
`determines whether anotherset ofbits or characters will be
`selected,
`transmitted, changed, or discarded.
`6. A frame
`which serves to conceal the edges of a CRT.
`mask bit A bit which determines if a correspondingbit will
`be selected, transmitted, changed, or discarded,
`maskable interrupt An interrupt which can be disabled by
`another interrupt, Such an interrupt may occur, for instance,
`when a there is a serious problem, or if given task or pro-
`gram needs the undivided attention of the CPU, A non-
`manner,
`maskable interrupt is one which can not be disabled in this
`
`1 Compo
`
`|
`i
`
`—
`
`mass spectrograph A mass Spectrometer in which the detec-
`tor is a photographic plate. Also called mass spectroscope
`(2).
`mass spectrometer An instrument whichidentifies ions based
`on their charge-to-mass ratio,
`In it, the sample to be ana-
`lyzed is vaporized, placed in a vacuum, ionized by anelec
`tron beam, accelerated by an electric field,
`then deflected
`into a curved path by a magnetic field. The amount of de-
`flection of any given ion will depend onits charge-to-mass y
`ratio, so each different species is separated according to its
`mass. A detector records the distribution of each of the
`masses, each producing its characteristic peaks. Widely util-
`ized to analyze elements and compounds. Also called mass
`spectroscope (1).
`Its abbreviation is MS.
`mass spectrometry The use of a mass spectrometer for ~
`analysis.
`[ts abbreviation is MS,
`mass spectroscope 1. Same as mass Spectrometer. 2, Same —
`as Mass spectrograph.
`mass spectroscopy The use of a mass spectrometer to obtain _
`atomic and molecular spectrums.
`Its abbreviation is MS.
`mass spectrum Thedisplay, plot, or other visual output pro-
`duced whenutilizing mass Spectrometry.
`mass storage 1. An external storage medium, such as a disc
`or tape, which holds a large amount ofdata, especially wher
`compared to that which can be placed in the computer's
`
`masking 1. The use of a mask. 2. The amount by which the
`threshold of hearing a soundis increased due to the presence
`of another, obscuring sound. The level of masking is usu-
`ally expressed in decibels. Also called masking effect (1),
`audio masking, or aural masking. 3. The manner in which
`a signal, property, or phenomenon is obscured by another,
`
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