`
`es &
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`Coes
`aso
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`SEP. 29 2015
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`Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi
`
`MODERN
`DICTIONARY
`of
`
`ELECTRONICS
`SEVENTH EDITION
`REVISED AND UPDATED
`
`opetleRany
`S & GRAY LLP
`1211 AVE, OF THE AMERICAS
`NEW YORK, NY to036
`212-596-9000
`
`Rudolf F. Graf
`
`Boston Oxford Auckland
`
`Newnes
`
`IP Bridge Exhibit 2003
`GlobalFoundriesv. IP Bridge
`IPR2017-00921
`Page 00001
`
`IP Bridge Exhibit 2003
`GlobalFoundries v. IP Bridge
`IPR2017-00921
`Page 00001
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`

`

`Newnesis an imprint ofBuiterworth-Heinemann,
`
`Copyright © 1999 by Rudolf F. Graf
`
`Co A memberof the Reed Elsevier Group.
`
`All rights reserved.
`
`Nopart of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
`in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
`without the prior written permission of the publisher.
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`Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, Butterworth-Heinemann
`prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible.
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`Cie os Butterworth-Heinemann supports the efforts of American Forests and the Global
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`on forests, and our environment.
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
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`Laceay
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`IPR2017-00921 Page 00002
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`Graf, Rudolf F.
`*~ Modern dictionary of electronics / Rudolf F. Graf. —7th ed.,
`revised and updated.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-7506-9866-7 (alk. paper)
`1. Electronics — Dictionaries. I. Title
`TK7804.G67
`1999
`621.381'03 —de21
`
`99-17889
`CIP
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`British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
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`IPR2017-00921 Page 00002
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`

`

`filament saturation — film scanning
`
`SS
`2205.
`
`i
`
`‘
`
`—
`
`284
`to another Internet site for the purpose ofretrieving andio >
`filament saturation — Also called temperature sat-
`uration. The condition whereby a further increase in fila-
`sending files, There are many Internet sites (hat
`hay,
`ment voltage will no longer increase the plate current at
`established publicly accessible repositories of ing
`tetig)
`a given value of plate voltage.
`that can be obtained using FTP, by logging in
`filament transformer— A transformer used exclu-
`“Sing
`the account name “anonymous.” These sites are
`Called 1
`anonymous FTPservers. See also FTP.
`sively to supply filament voltage and current for vacuum
`tubes.
`filli— 1. The number of working lines in a Particn,,
`filament voltage -— The voltage value that must be
`cable or cable center, 2. ‘The number of working lines a
`applied to the filament of a vacuum tube to obtain the
`a percentage of the total pairs provided.
`tated filament current.
`filler —1.In mechanical recording,
`the inert Mate.
`filament winding —A secondary winding provided
`rial of a recording compound(as distinguished fro, the
`on a power transformer to furnish alternating filament
`binder). 2. Nonconducting component cabled with
`1
`!
`ed |
`insy.
`voltage for one or more vacuum tubes.
`strength, or a combination of all three, to the cable,
`file—1. A collection of related records. For example,
`in inventory control, one line of an invoice containing data
`film— Single or multiple layers or coatings ofthin on[
`on the material, the quantity, and the price forms an item;
`thick material used to form various elements (lesistors
`a complete invoice formsa record; and the complete set of
`capacitors, inductors) or interconnections and cross-over,
`such records formsa file. 2. To insert an item into such a
`(conductors,
`insulators). Thin films are deposited 4
`set. 3. A user-defined collection of information of variable
`vacuum evaporation or sputtering and/or plating. Thich —
`length. 4. A list. Usually, a file is a list of instructions
`films are deposited by screen printing.
`plus data and comments. 5. A collection of information
`film badge—A type of dosimeter consisting of .
`consisting of records pertaining to a single subject. A file
`small piece of film sensitive to radiation, placed in a
`may be recorded on all or on part of a volume or on
`light-tight holder and carried by a person who works
`more than one volume. 6. A logical block of computer
`with radiation. Whenthe film is developed, the amount of —
`information, designated by name, and consideredas a unit
`darkening can be measured to determinethe total dose of
`by a user. A file may be physically divided into records,
`ionizing radiation to which the badge has been subjected.
`blocks, or other units required by the memory device.
`film capacitor—1.A capacitor with a diclectric
`7. A collection of related information stored on a disk.
`consisting of a plastic film. 2. A capacitor that is made by
`filed coil—A coil of insulated wire wound around an
`winding metal and dielectric (such as polyester, polyear-
`iron core, Current flowingin the coil produces a magnetic
`bonate, polystyrene, polypropylene, or polysulfone) rib.
`field.
`bons into a tubular shape. The metal electrodes can be ©
`file gap— Ona data medium, an area intended to be
`separate metal foil, or can be vacuum-deposited onto the
`
`dielectric.
`used to mark the end ofafile and, possibly, the start of
`
`another. A file gap frequently is used for other purposes,
`film chain—An arrangementofa film projector or
`
`in particular for indicating the end or beginning of some
`projectors and a CCTV camera for transmitting moving
`
`other group of data.
`pictures over a television system,
`film conductor— 1. A conductor formed in situ on —
`file layout—1. The organization and structure of
`
`data in a file, including the sequence and size of the
`a substrate by depositing a conductive material by screen:
`
`components. 2. By extension, the description thereof.
`ing, plating, or evaporation techniques. 2. Electrically
`
`conductive material formed by deposition on a substrate. |
`file maintenance —The processing of a computer
`
`film integrated circuit—Also called film microcir-
`file in order to bring it up to date.
`
`cuit.
`1. A circuit made up of elements that are filmsall
`file management — Anoperating system facility for
`
`formed in place upon an insulating substrate. To further
`the manipulating of data files to and from secondary
`
`define the nature of a film integrated circuit, additional
`storage devices (usually disk files or magnetic tapes);it is
`
`used for building files, retrieving information from them,
`modifiers may be prefixed. Examples:thin-film integrated
`
`or modifying the information.
`circuit, thick-film integrated circuit. 2, Thin- or thick-film
`
`network forming an electrical interconnection of numer-
`file mark—Also termed tape mark or end-of-file
`
`ous devices.
`mark, A specially recorded block containing no data but
`
`film microcircuit— See film integrated circuit.
`acting as a data-block separator.
`
`film pickup—A film projector combined with a
`file-protection device — 1. A device by whichthe
`
`television camera for telecasting scenes from a motion-
`existence and integrity of a file are maintained. 2. A ring
`
`picture film.
`that must be in place in the hub of a reel before data can
`
`be recorded on the tape contained by the reel. A reel of
`film reader—A computer input device that scans
`
`tape not provided with a file-protection device can be read
`opaque and transparent patterns on photographic film and
`
`but not written.
`relays the corresponding information to the computer.
`
`file section — Thatpart ofa file which is recorded on
`film recorder— An instrument designed to place
`
`any one volume. The file sections may not have sections
`nongraphic information, usually generated by a computer,
`
`of otherfiles interspersed.
`onto photographic film. The information is generally
`
`file set—A collection of one or more related files,
`encoded as a series of opaque and translucent spots, or
`
`recorded consecutively on a volumeset.
`light and dark spots.
`
`file transfer—A procedure that calls for a commu-
`film reproducer— Aninstrumentthat reproduces a
`
`recording on film.
`nication link (typically over telephone lines) to be estab-
`
`film resistor— 1. A fixed resistor whose resistance
`lished between two or more PCs using modems. This
`
`
`
`connection allows data files to be transferred from one
`element
`is a very thin layer of conductive material on
`
`
`computer’s storage device (usually a floppy or hard-disk
`an insulated form. Some sort of mechanical protection is
`
`
`drive) to the other’s.
`placed overthis layer. 2. A resistor whose characteristics
`
`
`File Transfer Protocol— Abbreviated FTP. 1. The
`depend on film rather than bulk properties, 3, A device
`whoseresistive material is a film on an insulator substrate;
`
`
`protocol used for copying files to and from remote
`
`
`computer systems on a network using TCP/IP, such as
`final resistance value may be determined by trimming. —
`
`
`the Internet. 2. A very common method of movingfiles
`film scanning — 1. The process of converting movie
`
`
` between two Intemet sites. FTP is a special way to log in
`film into corresponding electrical signals that can be
`
`lation conductors to impart roundness, flexibility, tensity it
`Seeae
`
`
`
`
`
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`
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`—
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`IPR2017-00921 Page 00003
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`IPR2017-00921 Page 00003
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`

`

`mark — masking
`
`
`maser— Acronym for microwave amplifi¢
`mark— 1. In telegraphy, the closed-circuit condition,
`ation
`ie.,
`the signal that closes the circuit at the receiver to
`stimulated
`cmission
`of
`radiation.
`1. A Joy,
`
`
`is boosted
`microwave amplifier in which a signal
`produce a click of the sounderor to print a character on a
`
`changing the energy level of a gas or crystal (con,
`teletypewriter. 2. The presence ofsignal. A mark impulse
`Mon
`
`ammonia or ruby, respectively). 2. A means offog
`is equivalent to a binary 1. 3. A termthat originated with
`
`Using:
`telegraphy to indicate a closed key condition. Present
`stream of particles, which concentrates only on the hi
`
`
`energy particles. These are passed into a resonator the
`usage implies the presence of current or carrier on a circuit
`
`
`resonating at the radiation frequency ofthe particle. 4
`or the idle condition of a teletypewriter. It also indicates
`
`the binary digit 1
`in computer language. See flag. 4. In
`particles are raised to a strong oscillation in this state
`
`RTTY applications, the mark is one of two states. The
`can be used for contro! purposes. By reducing the fig
`
`mark is the condition characterized by a closed circuit.
`particles to the resonator to maintain oscillations, ix can
`
`
`The space, the other state, is characterized by an open-
`used as an amplifier. (There are many otherapplicatig
`
`circuit condition.
`
`3. Device for amplifying a microwave frequency gj
`the a
`by stimulated emission of radiation—i.e.,
`mark and space impulses — In neutral operation
`
`of a teletypewriter system, the mark impulseis the closed-
`microwave signal causes electrons in an atom to chan,
`
`
`circuit signal, and the space impulse is the open-circuit
`orbit in such a manneras to emit an amplified signal op ne
`signal. In other than neutral operation, the mark impulse
`same frequency as the weak signal. 4. Amplification jy |
`
`
`is the circuit condition that produces the same result in
`a low-noise radio-frequency amplifier in which an iy a
`
`the terminal equipment that a mark impulse produces
`
`signal stimulates emission of energy stored in a molecuy
`
`in neutral operation. Similarly, the space impulse is the
`or atomic system by a microwave power supply.
`
`circuit condition that produces the same result
`in the
`mask— 1. A frame mountedin front ofateleyj
`
`terminal equipment that a space impulse produces in
`picture tube to limit the viewing area of the screen. 3
`
`
`neutral operation.
`device (usually a thin sheet of metal that contains ano
`marker—- Also called marker beacon. A radio navi-
`
`
`pattern) used to shield selected portions of a base durin
`gational aid consisting of a transmitter that sends a signal
`
`a deposition process, 3. A device used to shield selectg
`
`to designate the small area around and aboveit.
`
`portions of a photosensitive material during photograph
`marker antenna—The transmitting antenna for a
`processing. 4. A logical technique in which certain py
`marker beacon.
`
`
`of a word are blanked out or inhibited. 5. Templay
`marker beacon—See marker.
`
`T
`
`used to etch circuit patterns on semiconductor wafer,
`marker generator — Anrf generatorthat injects one
`Images of the circuit patterns are produced on glass op
`
`
`or more pips ofspecific frequency onto the response curve
`metal photographically. The mask is then used to contre
`of a tuned circuit being displayed on the screen of a
`
`the diffusion process, plus metallization. 6. A transparén{_
`cathode-ray oscilloscope.
`
`(glass or quartz) plate covered with an array of patterns
`marker pip—The inverted V (A) or spot of light
`
`used in making integrated circuits. Each pattern consis
`used as a frequency index mark in cathode-ray oscil-
`
`of opaque and transparent areas that define the size and
`
`loscopes for alignment of TV sets. It
`is produced by
`
`shape of all circuit and device elements. The mask |
`coupling a fixed-frequency oscillator to the output of a
`
`used to expose selected areas of photoresist, which define
`sweep-driven signal generator.
`
`
`areas to be etched. Masks may use emulsion,chrome,iron
`7
`marker thread —A colored thread laid parallel and
`oxide, silicon, or other material to produce the opaque
`
`adjacentto the strands ofan insulated conductorthat iden-
`areas. 7. Thin metals or other materials with an op
`
`tifies the wire manufacturer and often the specification
`
`under which the wire was constructed.
`pattern designed to mask off or shield selected porti
`
`of semiconductors or other surfaces during deposition
`
`
`marking-and-spacing intervals —In telegraphy,
`processes. There also are photomasks or optical masks
`the intervals corresponding to the closed and open posi-
`
`
`for contact or projection printing of wafers; these may~
`tions, respectively, of the originating transmitting con-
`
`tacts.
`
`use an extremely flat glass substrate with iron oxide, ~
`chrome, or emulsion coating. There also are thick-film
`
`marking bias—-Bias that affects the results in the
`
`screen masks. 8. The photographic negative that serves
`same direction they are affected by marking current.
`
`as the master for making thick-film screens and thin-
`marking current—The magnitude and polarity of
`
`=
`film patterns. 9. The pattern, usually “printed” on glass)"
`line current when the receiving mechanism is in the
`
`
`used to define areas of the chip or wafer. Masks are —
`operated condition.
`
`used for the diffusion, oxidation, and metallization steps —
`marking pulse— Thesignal interval during which
`
`
`used in manufacturing of semiconductors. 10. To hide
`the selector unit of a teletypewriter is operated.
`
`
`obscure, to make less noticeable. For example, as noi
`marking wave — Also called keying wave. In teleg-
`masks crosstalk. 11, A material applied to enable selective
`raphy, the emission while the active portions of the code
`
`etching, etching, plating, or the application of solder to —
`characters are being transmitted.
`:
`a printed board. Also, the surface on which the master
`mark sense—1. To mark a position on a punch card,
`
`artwork ofthe circuit pattern is projected, 12, A thin steel
`using a special pencil that leaves an electrically conduc-
`
`arrangementwith fine holes (shadow mask)orstripes(slot
`tive deposit for later conversion to machine punching.
`
`mask) that concentrates the electron beam at points om
`2. A mechanized technique of punching data into com-
`the CRT.
`:
`
`puter cards. A graphite line positioned on the card is read
`
`masked diffusion —The use of a mask pattern 10 _
`electronically and converted into holes by special equip-
`
`ment.
`obtain selective impregnation of portions of a semicon: —
`
`ductor material with impurity atoms.
`e-
`mark-sense card—Acard designed to permit data
`
`to be entered on it with an electrographic pencil.
`masked ROM—A regular
`read-only memory |
`
`
`~
`(ROM) produced by
`the usual masking process:
`mark sensing—A technique for detecting special
`
`
`“3
`(Contrasted with a PROM.)
`pencil marks entered in special places on a card and
`
`
`masking—Theprocess by which a sound is made —
`automatically translating the marks into punched holes.
`audible, by the addition of a second sound called the
`mark-to-space transition—The change from a
`
`
`masking sound. The unit of measurement is usually the
`marking impulse to a spacing impulse.
`decibel.
`marshalling sequence — Seecollating sequence,1.
`
`
`
`
`\
`
`IPR2017-00921 Page 00004
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`IPR2017-00921 Page 00004
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