Case 2:16-cv-00134-JRG-RSP Document 67-2 Filed 08/26/16 Page 64 of 200 PageID #:
` 4478
`
`MODERN
`DICTIONARY
`of
`ELECTRONICS
`Rudolf F. Graf
`
`SIXTH EDITlON
`
`name is familiar to engi(cid:173)
`md hobbyists . His many
`!ctricity,. electronics arid
`utation for making com(cid:173)
`arid enjoyable. Mr. Graf
`·eceived his MBA at New
`~r of the IEEE, a licensed
`•f a first-class radiotele(cid:173)
`:1 the electronics industry
`
`SAMS
`
`A Division of Prentice Hall Computer Publishing
`11711 North College, Cannel, Indiana 46032 USA
`
`IP Bridge Exhibit 2002
`GlobalFoundries v. IP Bridge
`IPR2017-00921
`Page 00001
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`

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`Case 2:16-cv-00134-JRG-RSP Document 67-2 Filed 08/26/16 Page 65 of 200 PageID #:
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`Sci/Ref TK 7 804 .867 1984
`r;:u.d c:o 1 + r ..
`G1··· i:3. + '}
`l',.lod E~t ... n d j 1 ... t j
`f'
`. .... . on ~:·u ... y o· ·
`..
`·
`f:~·~ 1 (7::· c: '1::.1' .. CJ n i c ~;:;
`
`© 1962, 1963, 1968, 1972, 1977, and 1984
`by Rudolf F. Graf
`
`Sixth Edition
`Seventh Printing-1992
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be
`reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by
`any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, record(cid:173)
`ing, or otherwise, without written permission from the pub(cid:173)
`lisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use
`of the information contained herein. While every precaution
`has been taken in the prepanition of this book, the pub(cid:173)
`lisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.
`Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from
`the use of the information contained herein.
`
`International Standard Book N.umber: 0-672-22041-5
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 83-51223
`
`Editeo by: Charlie Buffington and Jack Davis
`Illustrated by: T .R. Emrick
`
`Printed in the United States of America.
`
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`Case 2:16-cv-00134-JRG-RSP Document 67-2 Filed 08/26/16 Page 66 of 200 PageID #:
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`600
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`601
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`b.e edge of the dielectric
`is wound.
`rating at the borderland
`.mits of voltage, current,
`~hen operation is margi(cid:173)
`n impairment can cause
`.tern to fail. .
`.ing .:.._Also called margi(cid:173)
`:ventive maintenance in:
`perating conditions (e.g.,
`or frequency) are varied
`)rder to locate defects be(cid:173)
`e serious.
`·--'A relay with a small
`1 its nonoperativc current
`11 current applicable with-
`and its operative value
`that operates
`the
`-rent
`
`1g -See Marginal Check(cid:173)
`
`ed card-A card in which
`ing data are punched only
`7Vith the center left free for
`:ed information.
`~ast station- A coastal
`regularly broadcasts the
`,rological and hydrograph-
`
`A
`'station -
`•beacon
`.1 land station, the emis(cid:173)
`ich are used to deter111ine
`direction of a ship in rela(cid:173)
`ine 'radiobeacon station;
`ile service-The radio ser-
`ships communicate with
`7Vith coastal and other land
`cified frequencies.
`ionavigation service....,.. A
`ntended to be used for the
`hips.
`legraphy, the closed-circuit
`., the signal that closes the
`eceiver to produce a click of
`r to print a character on a
`. 2. The presence of signal.
`se is equivalent to a binary
`,>~hich originated with tele(cid:173)
`:ate a closed key condition.
`implies the pre ence of cur(cid:173)
`on a circuit or the idle con-
`:type.writer. It also indicates
`igit one in computer lan(cid:173)
`Lg, L 4. In rtty application~,
`te of two states. The mark IS
`. characterized by a closed
`space, the oth~r s~ate, is
`by an open-ctrcult coo-
`
`ace impulses - In neutral
`a teletypewriter system, the
`: is the closed-circuit signal,
`: impulse is the open-circujr
`her than neutral operation
`>UJse is the circuit condition
`s the same result in rhe ter(cid:173)
`ment that a mark impulse
`
`produces in neutral operation. Similarly,
`the space impulse is the circuit condition
`that produces die same result in the ter(cid:173)
`minal equipment that a space impulse
`produces in neutral operation.
`marker - Also called marker beacon. A
`radio navigational aid consisting of a
`transmitter that sends a signal to desig(cid:173)
`nate the small area around and above it.
`marker antenna - The transmitting
`antenna for a marker beacon.
`marker beacon-See Marker.
`marker generator-An rf generator that
`injects one or more pips of specific fre(cid:173)
`quency onto the response curve of a tuned
`circuit being displayed on the screen of a
`cathode-ray oscilloscope.
`marker pip- The inverted V (A) or
`spot of light used as a frequency index
`mark in cathode-ray oscilloscopes for
`alignment of tv sets. It is produced by
`coupling a fixed-frequency oscillator t<i
`the output of a sweep-driven signal
`generator.
`.
`marker thread -A coloi'.ed thread laid
`parallel and adjacent to the strands of an
`insulated conductor which identifies the
`wire manufacturer and often the specifica(cid:173)
`tion under which the wire is constructed.
`marking-and-spacing intervals-In tel(cid:173)
`egraphy; the intervals corresponding to
`the closed and open positions, re~pective­
`ly, of the originating transmitting con(cid:173)
`tacts.
`marking bias - Bias that affects the
`results in the same direction they are
`affected by marking currel)t.
`marking current- The m~gnitude and
`polarity of line current when the receiv(cid:173)
`ing mechanism
`is
`in
`the operated
`condition.
`marking pulse-The signal interval dur(cid:173)
`ing which the selector unit of a teletype-
`writer is operated.
`.
`marking wave-Also called keying wave.
`In telegraphy, the emission while the
`active portions of the code characters are
`being transmitted.
`ma·rk sense -1. To rha~k a position on a
`punch card, using a special pencil that
`leaves an electrically conductive deposit
`for later conversion to machine punching.
`2. A mechanized technique of punching
`data into computer car.ds .. A graphite line
`positioned on the · card is read electron.(cid:173)
`ically and converted into holes by speeial
`equipment.
`.
`.
`mark-sense card ..:.._ A card designed to
`permit data to be entered on it with an
`eleotrographic pencil.
`mark sensing-A technique for detecting
`special pencil marks entered in special
`places on a card and au.romatically trans(cid:173)
`lating the mar~s into punched holes.
`mark-to-space transition- The change
`from a marking impulse to a spacing
`impulse.
`
`marker-mask
`
`marshalling sequence - See Collating
`Sequence, 1.
`.
`.
`maser-!. Acronym for microwave ampli(cid:173)
`fication by stimulated emission of radia~
`tiori. A low-noise microwave amplifier .iri
`which a signal is boosted by changing .the
`energy level of a gas or crystal (com(cid:173)
`monly, ammonia or ruby, respectively). 2.
`A means of focusing a stream of particles,
`which concentrates only on the high(cid:173)
`energy particles. These are passed into a
`resonator which is resonating at the radia(cid:173)
`tion frequency of the particles. The parti;(cid:173)
`cles are in this state raised to il strong
`oscillation, and can be used for control
`purposes. By reducing the flow of parti(cid:173)
`cles to the resonator, to maintain oscllla(cid:173)
`tions, it can be used as an amplifier.
`(There are many other applications). 3.
`Device for amplifying a microwave fre•
`quency signal by "stimulated emission of
`radiation" -:-i.e., the weak microwave sig(cid:173)
`nal causes electrons in an atom to change
`orbit in such a manner as to emit an
`amplified signal of the same frequency as
`the weak signal.
`mask- 1. A frame mounted in front of a
`television picture tube to limit the view(cid:173)
`ing area of the screen. 2. A device (usually
`a thin sheet of metal which contains an
`open pattern) used to shield selected por(cid:173)
`tions of a ,base during a deposition proc(cid:173)
`ess. 3. A device used to shield selected
`portions of a photosensitive material dur(cid:173)
`ing photographic processing. 4. A logical
`technique in which certain bits of a word
`are blanked out or inhibited. 5. Template
`used to etch circuit patterns on semicon(cid:173)
`ductor wafers. Images of the circuit pat(cid:173)
`terns are produced on glass or metal pho(cid:173)
`tographically. The mask is then used to
`control the diffusion process, plus met(cid:173)
`allization. 6. A chrome or glass plate hav(cid:173)
`ing the transparent circuit patterns of a
`single layer of a wafer. Masks are used in
`the defining of patterns on' the surface of
`a resist-covered wafer. 7. Thin metals or
`other materials with an open pattern de(cid:173)
`signed to mask off or shield selected por(cid:173)
`tions of semiconductors or other surfaces
`during deposition processes. There also
`are photomasks or optical masks for con(cid:173)
`tact or projection printing of wafers; these
`may use an extremely flat glass substrate
`with iron oxide, chrome, or .emulsion
`coating. There also are thick-film screen
`masks. 8. The photographic negative that
`serves as the master for making thick-film
`screens and thin-film patterns. 9. The
`pattern, usually "printed" on glass, used
`to define areas of the Chip or wafer. Masks
`are used for the diffusion, oxidation, and
`metallization steps used in manufacturing
`of semiconductors. 10. To hide, to obs(cid:173)
`cure, to make less noticeable. For exam(cid:173)
`ple, as noise masks crosstalk. 11. A mate(cid:173)
`rial applied to enable selective etching,
`
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`masked diffusion-master clock
`
`602'
`
`etching, plating, or the application of,
`solder to a printed board. Also, the sur,..
`face· on which. the master artwork of the·
`citcuit pattern is projected. 12. A thin
`steel arrangement with fine holes (shadow
`mask) or stripes (slot mask) that concen(cid:173)
`trates the electron beam at poinrs on the
`crt.
`masked diffusion - The use of a mask
`pattern to obtain selective impregnation
`of portions of a semiconductor material
`with impurity atoms.
`masked ROM- A regular ROM pro(cid:173)
`duced by the usual masking process.
`(Contrasted with a PROM.)
`masking-The process .by which a sound
`is made audible by the addition of o
`second sound called the masking sound.
`The unit of measurement is usually the
`deCibel.
`masking audiogram - A graphic~!
`representation of the amount of masking
`by a noise. It is plotted in decibels as a
`function of the frequency of the masked
`tone.
`mask microphone- A microphone de(cid:173)
`signed for use inside on oxygen or other
`respiratory mask.
`mask set-A set of plates, usually glass,
`which are used to transfer a device topol(cid:173)
`ogy ·in sequence
`to a wafer during
`fabrication.
`Masonite -Trade name of the Masonite
`Corp. Fiberboard made from steam(cid:173)
`exploded wood fiber. Jts highly com(cid:173)
`pressed forms are used for panels in elec(cid:173)
`trical equipment.
`mass -
`l. The quantity of matter in an
`objecr. It is equal to the weight of a body
`divided by the acceleration due to gravity.
`2. The bulk of matter though not neces(cid:173)
`sar.iJy equal to its weight. A mechanical
`unit w:hose electrical analog is inductance.
`.mass data -A larger amount of data than
`can be stored in the central processing
`unit of a computer at any one time.
`ma s-memory unit - A drum or disk
`memory that provides rapid-access bulk
`storage for messages being held until our(cid:173)
`going chan nels are available.
`mass properties- Calculation of physi(cid:173)
`cal engineeri ng information about a part,
`e.g., perimeter, area, volume, \yeight, and
`moments of inertia.
`mass radiator -A spark radiator which
`generates a low-level, . oroadband. signal
`extending into and above the ehf band.
`Arcing occurs between fine metal parti(cid:173)
`cles suspended in a liquid dielectric.
`mass spectrometer- An instrument that
`permit rapid analysis of chemical com(cid:173)
`pounds. It consists of a vacuum rube into
`which a small amount of the gas to be
`studied is admitted. The gas is ionized by
`the electrons emitted from the cathode
`and speeded up by an accelerating grid.
`An electric field drawnhe ions out of the
`
`iomztng chamber. They are then sent
`through electric and magnetic fields that
`sort them according to their ratios of mass
`to charge.
`mass spectr"'m-The spectrum obtained
`by deflecting a beam of electrons with an
`electric or magnetic field as they emerge
`from a tube containing a small quantity of
`the gas being investigated. The amount a
`particle is deflected depends on the ratio
`of its mass to its atomic charge. Hence,
`every element has a characteristic mass(cid:173)
`spectrum line.
`I. Refers to hardware
`mass storage -
`devices providing massive amounts of on(cid:173)
`line secondary storage; generally using
`str.ips of inexpensive magnetic media
`whieh can be accessed randomly, but with
`slower access times than those of conven(cid:173)
`tional tape or , disk devices. 2. Refers to
`peripheral devices into which programs
`and data are stored .for immediate action.
`3. I~ a computer, secondary, slower mem(cid:173)
`ory for bulky files . Mostly floppy-disk,
`cassette, or tape. 4. Auxiliary memories,
`generally containing magnetic media,
`which are used ·to supplement the main
`memory of a computer .. Ii: is less expen(cid:173)
`sive than main memory per unit of infor(cid:173)
`mation stored but it is slower i:o access.
`Examples include magnetic tape, mag'(cid:173)
`netic disk, and flexible disk. 5. Auxiliary
`or bulk memory that can store large
`amounts of data readily accessible to the
`computer, e.g., a disk or magnetic tape.
`mass termination -The simultaneous
`termination of several or all conductors of
`a cable.; This process generally uses ter(cid:173)
`minals that pierce the insulation without
`stripping to cold-flow mate with the con(cid:173)
`ductors and form a gas-tight metal-to(cid:173)
`metal joint. See Insulation Displacement
`Connector.
`:
`mast - The pole on which an antenna is
`mounted.
`master~ I. The mold from which other
`disc recordings arc casr. I t is· made by elec(cid:173)
`uoforming from a disc recording, and is a
`"negative•• of the disc (i. e., has ridges in(cid:173)
`steaa of grooves). 2. An original, or first
`special copy, of a recotded performance
`from which other copies may be made. 3.
`An original recording, made directly from
`recording microphones. A disc master is
`the lacq uer original, usually cut from a
`rape from which Stl\mpcrS are made for
`vinyl pressings. 4. An element of a system
`that controls or initiates the acLion or re(cid:173)
`sponses ·of the other elements of the
`..
`system.
`.
`master brightness control- In a color
`television receiver, a variable resistor that
`adjusts the bias level on aU three guns in
`the picture tube at the same time.
`master· clock -
`I. In a computer, the
`prjmary source of riming signals. 2. A
`very ac<;:urate rimer with an absolute time
`
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