`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`DELL INC., EMC CORPORATION, HEWLETT-PACKARD
`ENTERPRISE CO., HP ENTERPRISE SERVICES, LLC, and TERADATA
`OPERATIONS, INC.
`
`Petitioners
`
`v.
`
`REALTIME DATA LLC
`Patent Owner
`____________________
`
`Case IPR2017-00179
`&
`Case IPR2017-00808
`[consolidated]
`Patent No. 9,054,728
`____________________
`
`DECLARATION OF KENNETH A. ZEGER, PH.D., IN SUPPORT OF
`PATENT OWNER’S RESPONSE
`
`(cid:53)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:23)(cid:3)
`(cid:39)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:89)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:53)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:3)
`(cid:44)(cid:51)(cid:53)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:28)
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`Introduction ........................................................................................................ 2(cid:1)
`A.(cid:1)
`Engagement ......................................................................................... 2(cid:1)
`B.(cid:1)
`Background and Qualifications ........................................................... 3(cid:1)
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`
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`I.(cid:1)
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`II.(cid:1) Materials Considered ........................................................................................ 6(cid:1)
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`III.(cid:1) Person Of Skill In The Art ............................................................................... 7(cid:1)
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`IV.(cid:1) Petitioners’ Obviousness Theory As To Claim 1 ............................................ 8(cid:1)
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`V.(cid:1) Petitioners’ Motivation To Combine Justifications ........................................ 14(cid:1)
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`VI.(cid:1) Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 20(cid:1)
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`IPR2017-00179
`IPR2017-00808
`PATENT OWNER’S RESPONSE
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`I, Kenneth A. Zeger, Ph.D., a resident of San Diego, California, declare as
`
`follows:
`
`I.(cid:1)
`
`Introduction
`A.(cid:1) Engagement
`I have been retained by Patent Owner Realtime Data LLC (“Realtime”
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`or “Patent Owner”) through Zunda LLC to provide my opinions with respect to
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`their Response to the Petitions for Inter Partes Review in IPR2017-00179 and
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`IPR2017-00808 (the “Dell Petition” and “Teradata Petition,” respectively) as to
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`U.S. Patent 9,054,728. Zunda LLC is being compensated for my time at the rate of
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`$690 per hour for time spent on non-deposition tasks and for deposition time. I
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`have no interest in the outcome of this proceeding and the payment of my fees is in
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`no way contingent on my providing any particular opinions.
`
`(cid:1)
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`As a part of this engagement, I have also been asked to provide my
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`technical review, analysis, insights, and opinions regarding the Declarations of Dr.
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`Charles D. Creusere (“Creusere Declaration(s),” Ex. 1002 in both proceedings) on
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`with respect to the challenged claims of the ’728 patent, as well as the Dell and
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`Teradata Petitions, which rely on the Creusere Declaration.
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`(cid:1)
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`The statements made herein are based on my own knowledge and
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`opinions.
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`B.(cid:1)
`(cid:1)
`
`Background and Qualifications
`
`I received a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering and
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`Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1984.
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`(cid:1)
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`I received a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering and
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`Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1984.
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`(cid:1)
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`I received a Master of Arts degree in Mathematics from the University
`
`of California, Santa Barbara, CA in 1989.
`
`(cid:1)
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`I received a Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering
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`from the University of California, Santa Barbara, CA in 1990.
`
`(cid:1)
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`I am currently a Full Professor of Electrical and Computer
`
`Engineering at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). I have held this
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`position since 1998, having been promoted from Associated Professor after two
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`years at UCSD. I have been an active member of the UCSD Center for Wireless
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`Communications for 20 years. I teach courses full-time at UCSD in the fields of
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`Electrical and Computer Engineering, and specifically in subfields including
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`communications, information theory, and data compression at the undergraduate
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`and graduate levels. Prior to my employment at UCSD, I taught and conducted
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`research as a faculty member at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign for
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`four years, and at the University of Hawaii for two years.
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`IPR2017-00179
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`(cid:1) My twenty-plus years of industry experience includes consulting work
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`for the United States Department of Defense as well as for private companies such
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`as Xerox, Nokia, MITRE, ADP, and Hewlett-Packard. The topics upon which I
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`provide consulting expertise include data communications for wireless networks,
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`digital communications, information theory, computer software, and mathematical
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`analyses.
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`(cid:1)
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`I have authored approximately 75 peer-reviewed journal articles, the
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`majority of which are on the topic of communications, information theory, or
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`signal processing. I have also authored over 110 papers at various conferences and
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`symposia over the past thirty-plus years, such as the: IEEE International
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`Conference on Communications; IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium; Wireless
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`Communications and Networking Conference; IEEE Global Telecommunications
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`Conference; International Symposium on Network Coding; IEEE International
`
`Symposium on
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`Information Theory; UCSD Conference on Wireless
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`Communications; International Symposium on Information Theory and Its
`
`Applications; Conference on Advances in Communications and Control Systems;
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`IEEE Communication Theory Workshop; Conference on Information Sciences and
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`Systems; Allerton Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing;
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`Information Theory and Its Applications Workshop; Asilomar Conference on
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`Signals, Systems, and Computers. Roughly half of those papers relate to data
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`compression. I also am co-inventor on a US patent disclosing a memory saving
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`technique for image compression.
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`I was elected a Fellow of the IEEE in 2000, an honor bestowed upon
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`only a small percentage of IEEE members. I was awarded the National Science
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`Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award in 1991, which included
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`$500,000 in research funding. I received this award one year after receiving my
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`Ph.D.
`
`(cid:1)
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`I have served as an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions on
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`Information Theory and have been an elected member of the IEEE Information
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`Theory Board of Governors for three, three-year terms. I organized and have been
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`on the technical advisory committees of numerous workshops and symposia in the
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`areas of communications and information theory. I regularly review submitted
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`journal manuscripts, government funding requests, conference proposals, student
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`theses, and textbook proposals. I also have given many lectures at conferences,
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`universities, and companies on topics in communications and information theory.
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`(cid:1)
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`I have extensive experience in electronics hardware and computer
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`software, from academic studies, work experience, and supervising students. I
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`personally program computers on an almost daily basis and have fluency in many
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`different computer languages.
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`(cid:1) My curriculum vitae, attached to this declaration as Exhibit A,
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`(“Zeger Curriculum Vitae”), lists my publication record in archival journals,
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`international conferences, and workshops.
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`II.(cid:1) Materials Considered
`(cid:1)
`I have been asked to provide a technical review, analysis, insights, and
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`opinions. My technical review, analysis, insights, and opinions are based on almost
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`35 years of education, research, and experience, as well as my study of relevant
`
`materials.
`
`(cid:1)
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`I have reviewed and am familiar with the ’728 Patent specification
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`and claims. My understanding of the claims is based on the plain and ordinary
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`meaning of the claims as would be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the
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`art, unless the inventor has provided a special meaning for a term. My opinions set
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`forth herein do not rest on a disagreement with Dr. Creusere as to the meaning of
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`any claim term or limitation.
`
`(cid:1)
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`I have reviewed and am familiar with the Petitions for Inter Partes
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`Review, Patent Owner Preliminary Responses, and the Board’s Decisions to
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`Institute in these proceedings.
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`(cid:1)
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`I have reviewed the Declarations of Dr. Charles D. Creusere in both
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`proceedings. I have also reviewed the Franaszek, Hsu, and Sebastian references
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`submitted by Petitioners in these proceedings, and am familiar with those
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`references. In addition, I have reviewed Dr. Creusere’s deposition testimony in
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`these proceedings. Based on my review of the materials identified in this paragraph
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`and paragraph 17 above, I did not identify any differences between the Petitions
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`and the Creusere Declarations across the Dell and Teradata proceedings that are
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`material to my opinions herein. The opinions I present here apply equally to both
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`sets of Petitions and Declarations, and were formed on that basis.
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`(cid:1) This declaration represents only opinions I have formed to date. I may
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`consider additional documents as they become available or other documents that
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`are necessary to form my opinions. I reserve the right to revise, supplement, or
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`amend my opinions based on new information and on my continuing analysis.
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`III.(cid:1) Person Of Skill In The Art
`(cid:1)
`I am familiar with the concept of the person of ordinary skill in the art
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`(“POSA”), and have reviewed Dr. Creusere and Petitioners’ views on the
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`definition and qualifications of the POSA for purposes of these proceedings. I do
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`not disagree with those views, and have applied the same understandings in
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`forming my opinions set forth herein.
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`(cid:1) Throughout my declaration, even if I discuss my analysis in the
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`present tense, I am always making my determinations based on what a POSA
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`would have known at the time of the invention.
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`IV. Petitioners’ Obviousness Theory As To Claim 1
`(cid:1) Claim 1 limitation f recites performing “data compression with the
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`single data compression encoder, if the one or more parameters or attributes of the
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`data are not identified.” I understand that Petitioners’ obvious theory with respect
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`to claim 1, and limitation 1[f] in particular, requires that a POSA would have
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`combined Franaszek and Hsu such that the POSA would not use Hsu’s data type
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`recognition and redundancy metric calculations when Franaszek’s data block does
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`not contain a data type. IPR2017-00179, Pet. at 40-41 & Paper 20 at 21
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`(“Regarding claim element 1f, Petitioner argues that in situations where
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`Franaszek’s type information was not present, one of ordinary skill would have had
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`reason to refrain from calculating Hsu’s block type and redundancy matrices. . . .”)
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`(emphasis original); IPR2017-00808, Pet. at 39-40 & Paper 16 at 21.
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`(cid:1) Contrary to Petitioners’ theory, I understand that at his deposition, Dr.
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`Creusere testified that a POSA combining Franaszek with Hsu would always use
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`Hsu to identify a data type and three redundancy metrics for each of Franaszek’s
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`data blocks.
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`Q. Okay. Now, with respect to how Franaszek’s system once
`modified by Hsu would actually make use of Hsu’s data type and
`compression metrics, where in the Franaszek flow process would
`Hsu’s data type and compression metrics analysis occur and -- well,
`just – let’s start there.
`[A.] Well, I mean, a person of ordinary skill in the art, of course,
`would have to -- would have to consider their application what they
`are trying to application [sic]. My own personal feeling on this as a
`person of ordinary skill in the art would be that you would do this in --
`around the same flight in block 4A -- in [Franaszek’s] figure 4A, that
`first block, where it says, at the moment data type available and it
`makes that first split.
`My own opinion is that this is where you would add the Hsu concepts,
`so you -- if you had the data type, then you could use that to guide
`Hsu into making a better situation, into making better or to looking at
`fewer possibilities. If you didn't have the data type, you could then
`apply Hsu to finding data type and then follow the path to the right
`in figure 4A, where it says, yes, and move -- and move on.
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`Id. at 131:13-132:15 (emphasis added).
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`(cid:1) While I do not agree that a POSA would be motivated to combine
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`Franaszek with Hsu at all, I do agree with Dr. Creusere that if a POSA were to
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`make such a combination, the POSA would rely on Hsu’s powerful data type
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`recognition and compressibility analysis approach to identify a data type and
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`redundancy metrics for each of Franaszek’s data blocks. I also agree with Dr.
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`Creusere’s testimony that using Hsu in such circumstances would help Franaszek
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`“pick a better compression technique and get more compression.” Id. at 130:12-17.
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`I certainly do not believe that a POSA would want to refrain from using Hsu’s
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`powerful data type recognition and compressibility analysis approach when
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`Franaszek lacks data type information. To the contrary, Hsu describes a system
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`that avoids any content independent compression and that instead uses an entirely
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`content-dependent approach, and its teachings are thus heavily directed toward an
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`approach for always identifying a data block’s data type as well as its three
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`redundancy metrics. Thus a POSA would have to disregard a core aspect of Hsu’s
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`teachings in order not to use Hsu when Franaszek lacks a data type. I agree with
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`Dr. Creusere that a POSA would not take such an approach. It would certainly not
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`be obvious for a POSA to do so.
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`(cid:1)
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`I understand Dr. Creusere’s explanation of how a POSA would
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`combine Hsu into Franaszek’s Figure 4A to be visually depicted by the annotated
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`figure below.
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`(cid:1)
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`I also understand that Dr. Creusere testified that using Hsu’s approach
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`will always yield a result for a block’s three redundancy metrics, and I agree with
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`Dr. Creusere that the statistical analysis used by Hsu will always yield results for
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`its three redundancy metrics with respect to each data block.
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`Q. And in Hsu’s approach, of those four pieces of information that
`the data type and the three redundancy metrics [sic], it will always be
`the case that at least one, and likely more of those will be identified
`for a given data block, right?
`A. As regards the three redundancy metrics, those are basically
`statistical analysis calculations, and those can always be calculated
`for any data block . . . .
`Ex. 2003 at 21:13-21 (emphasis added).
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`(cid:1)
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`I understand that Dr. Creusere testified that its is Petitioners’ position
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`that Hsu’s three redundancy metrics would constitute “parameters or attributes of
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`the data” for purposes of claim 1 limitation [d] and claim 1 as a whole, and the
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`Board has expressed the same understanding of Petitioners’ allegations. Ex. 2003
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`at 84:1-85:2, 126:12-15; IPR2017-00179, Paper 20 at 19, IPR2017-00808, Paper
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`16 at 23. Since a POSA would use Hsu’s data type recognition and redundancy
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`metric calculation teachings for each data block in Franaszek (if at all), and Hsu
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`will always succeed in calculating three redundancy metrics for each data block,
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`and those redundancy metrics would constitute identified “parameters or
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`attributes” meeting claim 1 limitations [d] and [f], it follows that the system
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`ensuing from the combination of Franaszek and Hsu would always identify several
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`“parameters or attributes of the data” for purposes of limitations 1[d] and 1[f]. As a
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`result, limitation 1[f] would never be met.
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`(cid:1)
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`I note that Dr. Creusere appears to share the same understanding of
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`limitation 1[f], i.e., that limitation [f] cannot be met if the single encoder of
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`limitation 1[c] is applied to a data block for which one or more “parameters or
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`attributes of the data” have been identified.
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`. . . . What I’m talking about is some notional system, whether
`Q.
`in the prior art or for purposes of infringement, okay, if there is a
`system
`that
`identifies parameters or attributes
`that meet
`the
`requirements of 1D, and that also has a single encoder that is a single
`encoder under 1C, and that single encoder is used when the
`parameters or attributes of the data are identified, then limitation 1F is
`not met, right?
`Yes. 1F is very clear that the single data compression encoder
`A.
`that is that specific single data compression encoder given up in 1C is
`to be used only to form data compression if the one or more
`parameters of the data are not identified. I mean that’s – that’s pretty
`clear that that is the – in terms of claim 1, that is the only condition in
`which the single data compression encoder that they refer to in claim
`1C is used.
`Id. at 110:17-111:13 (emphasis added).
`(cid:1)
`I understand that Petitioners have an alternative theory in which
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`Franaszek would be modified based on Sebastian. Under that theory, Sebastian’s
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`generic filter would be used when Franaszek does not have a data type. See
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`IPR2017-00179, Paper 20 at 17, 21. That theory does not affect my opinion with
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`respect to limitation 1[f], however, because (as explained above) Hsu would
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`always identify three redundancy metrics for each block in Franaszek’s system,
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`and thus Sebastian’s generic filter—if used at all—would only be used after
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`several “parameters or attributes” had been identified, thus failing to meet
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`limitation 1[f].
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`V.(cid:1)
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`Petitioners’ Motivation To Combine Justifications
`(cid:1)
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`It is my understanding that Petitioners allege that a POSA would be
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`motivated to combine Franaszek with Hsu in order to more precisely associate a
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`data block with the optimal compression technique from among a set of possible
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`techniques, and to improve compression ratios. IPR2017-00179, Pet. at 35-36 &
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`Paper 20 at 19. Dr. Creusere’s testimony confirms that understanding.
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`Q. And the reason you propose your modification is you say that it
`would have improved Franaszek’s ability to select the appropriate
`compression algorithm, allowing the system to choose a compression
`algorithm that was likely able to be better able to compression [sic]
`the particular data block thus reducing its size more, right?
`A. Yes.
`Ex. 2003 at 129:20-130:5.
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`(cid:1)
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`I agree with Dr. Creusere that modifying Franaszek based on Hsu in
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`the manner proposed by Petitioners would slow down Franaszek’s compression
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`process.
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`Q. Do you have an opinion as you sit here today, on whether the
`modifications that you propose to Franaszek based on Hsu which
`would require adding some steps from Hsu into Franaszek would
`cause the compression process to take longer than it otherwise would
`have taken without such modifications to Franaszek?
`A.
`I believe – I’m – I’m farily confident that incorporating Hsu’s
`time [sic] determination and redundancy metrics into Franaszek’s
`process would increase the complexity of Franaszek, which means it
`would operate more slowly. That seems very likely to me that that
`would occur.
`Id. at 75:11-76:1.
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`(cid:1) To pursue such a combination, a POSA would (at a minimum) have to
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`be motivated to sacrifice compression speed for potentially better compression
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`ratios. Notably, I have not seen any evidence from Petitioners quantifying or even
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`estimating the improvement in compression ratio such a modification to Franaszek
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`would achieve, or the cost it would implicate in terms of decreased compression
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`speed.
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`(cid:1)
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`I also understand that Petitioners allege that a POSA would also be
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`motivated to modify Franaszek to use Sebastian’s generic filter only in
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`circumstances when Franaszek does not have a data type. Petitioners appear to
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`allege that a POSA would pursue such a modification in the interest of improving
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`compression speed, and with the willingness to sacrifice compression quality (i.e.,
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`higher compression ratios). I note that Dr. Creusere’s testimony is to the same
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`effect.
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`. . . . In Paragraph 115, you recognize that the proposed
`Q.
`modification of Franaszek based on Sebastian would cause Franaszek
`to trade off compression ratio for speed, right?
`A. Yes, I do recognize that.
`Id. at 76:2-7.
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`(cid:1)
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`I am not aware of any evidence that a POSA would have any
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`knowledge or expectation of the speed improvement such an approach would
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`achieve, or the compression quality it would cost.
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`(cid:1) These two motivations to combine—a desire to gain compression
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`quality at the expense of compression speed, on the one hand, and a desire to gain
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`compression speed at the cost of compression quality, on the other—are directly at
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`odds and entirely contradictory. I do not believe that a POSA would be motivated
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`to simultaneously modify different aspects of Franaszek in pursuit of these
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`opposing goals. In particular, I have not seen evidence that a POSA would have
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`any reason to believe that the result of such modifications would yield a net
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`improvement to Franaszek’s system in terms of achieving a better balance of
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`compression quality and compression time. Thus, I see no reason why a POSA
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`would identify any problem in Franaszek that would justify pursuing the
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`modifications Petitioners propose, or would expect any benefit from doing so. It
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`certainly would not be an obvious thing for a POSA to do.
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`(cid:1)
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`I also note that there appears to be another inconsistency in
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`Petitioners’ motivation to combine reasoning. While Petitioners only propose to
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`modify Franaszek based on Sebastian when Franaszek lacks a data type,
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`Petitioners’ stated motivation for that combination would apply equally to
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`situations where Franaszek has a data type. More specifically, to the extent a
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`POSA were motivated to replace Franaszek’s method of selecting compression
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`techniques with Sebastian’s generic filter in pursuit of compression speed, the
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`POSA would presumably apply that modification regardless of whether Franaszek
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`has a data type, as Franaszek’s unmodified system will always need to select a
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`compression technique from a list of several possible techniques. Dr. Creusere
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`appears to have acknowledged this inconsistency, but did not address it or explain
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`it in his declaration.
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`Q. Now, if a POSA modified Franaszek to only use the same
`single encoder for all recognized data types, that would also speed up
`Franaszek in the exact same way, right?
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`THE WITNESS: Yes, it would speed up Franaszek as well.
`Q.
`But you don’t offer an opinion that a POSA would have been
`motivated to modify Franaszek to only use a single compression
`encoder for all recognized data types, right?
`THE WITNESS: I do not recall offering an opinion on that in these
`declarations.
`Q. And you don’t explain why a POSA would have been
`motivated to modify Franaszek to use only [sic] single encoder when
`faced with unrecognized data types but would not have been
`motivated to do so when faced with recognized data types. True?
`A. Again, I don’t address whether or not a POSA would have been
`motivated to use a single -- to have a list of one, if you will, of data
`compression encoders for recognized data types. Since I don’t offer an
`opinion on that to my recollection, no, I don’t consider the tradeoff.
`Q.
`So the benefit that you identify that a POSA would achieve by
`modifying Franaszek to use Sebastian’s generic encoder is a potential
`increase in speed. True?
`A. Yes, I highlight that benefit.
`Q. And that benefit would apply equally regardless of whether
`Franaszek has a recognized data type or not, right?
`A. Again, I don’t address that in my declaration but you certainly
`believe that a benefit would also apply if it had a recognized data type.
`Q.
`But in your opinion, your modification opinion is that a POSA
`would only make the modification based on Sebastian to the situation
`in which Franaszek does not have a recognized data type. True?
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`I only provide an opinion with respect to the situation where
`A.
`Franaszek does not have a recognized data type.
`. . .
`Q. You don’t give any reason in your declaration why a POSA
`would not identically be motivated to make the same modification to
`Franaszek when Franaszek has recognized data types, right?
`A.
`Again, I don’t address applying this idea to a situation where
`the algorithm has recognized data types.
`Q. And you don’t give any reason why a POSA wouldn’t want to
`do that, right?
`A.
`I don’t address the situation at all.
`Id. at 78:17-81:12.
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`(cid:1) Of course, if Petitioners had alleged that a POSA would also use
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`Sebastian’s single generic encoder when Franaszek has a data type, then there
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`would be no basis to modify Franaszek based on Hsu: there would only be one
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`encoder to select, and Hsu’s data type recognition and redundancy metric
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`calculation approach could not help the system pick a better encoder.
`
`(cid:1)
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`I do not believe that the modifications Petitioners propose to
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`Franaszek would be attractive to a POSA lacking any knowledge of the claims of
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`the ’728 and faced with Franaszek’s teachings. Rather, such a POSA would find
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`that Franaszek teaches a complex system that is well-suited to its intended
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`purposes, and would not seek to modify Franaszek based on either Hsu or
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`Sebastian, and certainly not in the manner proposed by Petitioners.
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`VI.(cid:1) Conclusion
`(cid:1)
`In signing this declaration, I understand that the Declaration will be
`
`filed as evidence in contested cases before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board of
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`the United States Patent and Trademark Office. I acknowledge that I may be
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`subject to cross-examination in these cases and that cross examination will take
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`place within the United States. If cross examination is required of me, I will appear
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`for cross examination within the United States during the time allotted for cross
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`examination.
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`(cid:1)
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`I declare that all statements made herein of my own knowledge are
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`true and that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true;
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`and further that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false
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`statements and the like so made are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both,
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`under Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and that such willful
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`false statements may jeopardize the validity of the ʼ728 Patent.
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`Executed on September 22, 2017 in San Diego, California.
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`Respectfully submitted,
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`Kenneth A. Zeger, Ph.D.
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`EXHIBIT A
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`
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`Kenneth A. Zeger
`
`- Professor and consultant -
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`January 8, 2017
`
`Personal Data
`
`Email: zeger@ZundaLLC.com
`Web: http://ZundaLLC.com (company)
`http://zeger.us (university)
`Citizenship: USA
`
`Academic Degrees
`
`Ph.D (ECE):
`University of California, Santa Barbara (1990)
`M.A. (Mathematics): University of California, Santa Barbara (1989)
`S.M. (EECS):
`Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1984)
`S.B.
`(EECS):
`Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1984)
`
`Faculty Positions
`
`University of California, San Diego
`
`Professor of Electrical Engineering (1998-present)
`-
`- Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering (1996-1998)
`
`University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign - Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering (1995-1996)
`- Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering (1992-1995)
`
`University of Hawaii
`
`- Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering (1990-1992)
`
`Honors and Awards
`
`• IEEE Fellow (2000)
`• NSF Presidential Young Investigator Award (1991)
`• United States Mathematical Olympiad (1980)
`
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`CV of K. Zeger
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`Consulting Experience
`
`January 8, 2017
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`Clients:
`
`• Automatic Data Processing Co.
`• Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
`• U.S. Department of Defense
`• MITRE Co.
`• Nokia Telecommunications Inc.
`• Prominent Communications Inc. (Chair of Technical Advisory Board)
`• ViaSat Inc.
`• Xerox Co. Palo Alto Research Center
`• Zeger-Abrams Inc.
`• Zunda LLC (President)
`• Expert Witness in numerous patent infringement and trade secret litigations.
`
`Topics:
`
`• Image, fax, video, vision, television coding.
`• Speech coding and recognition, audio coding, telephony.
`• Electronic hardware devices: cell phones, printers, cameras, TV, computers, dongles, etc.
`• Protocols, networks, Internet, security, GPS.
`• Digital and wireless communications.
`• Error correcting codes.
`• Communication protocols.
`• Software: C, C++, C#, BASIC, Lisp, Fortran, Cobol, Algol, Pascal, Assembler, TMS320, Java,
`DSP, Verilog, HTML, JavaScript, Perl, Visual Basic, VHDL.
`• National security topics.
`
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`Professional Activities
`
`January 8, 2017
`
`• Board of Governors of IEEE Information Theory Society (1998-2000, 2005-2007, and 2008-
`2010)
`• Associate Editor At-Large of IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (1995-1998).
`• Steering Committee member of Fourth Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications
`(2007).
`• Co-organizer of: Third Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, San Diego
`(2007).
`• Co-organizer of NSF Workshop on Joint Source-Channel Codi