`
`
`
`Condensed Chemical
`
`Dictionary
`
`Fifteenth Edition
`
`SRATIONS
`
`‘les Wiley first
`5 a generation
`are, helping to
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`technical, and
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`DTH WELEY
`F‘ THE BuARD
`
`Richard J. Lewis, Sr.
`
`
`
`
`BICENTENNIAL
`
`BICENTENNIAL
`
` BICENTENNIAL'IVINNELNEDIE
`
`
`
`WILEY-INTERSCIENCE
`A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
`
`
`
`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 1
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`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 1
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`Copyright © 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. All rights reserved.
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` Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.
` Lewis, Richard J., Sr.
`Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Fifteenth Edition
`
`ISBN 13: 978-0-471-76865-4
`ISBN 10: 0-471-76865-0
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`Printed in the United States of America.
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`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 2
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`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 2
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`
`
`s with blue metallic
`taste; odorless. D
`3, oxidizing materi-
`d methanol; dccom—
`
`the manganate in an
`hot solution of the
`)n dioxide; on cool—
`ls of the permanga—
`
`osion risk in contact
`'ul oxidizing agent.
`lorizer, bleach, dye,
`nation of skin,
`re—
`edicine (antiseptic),
`eals, air and water
`
`potassium os—
`
`mass; decomposes
`) 490C.
`sium in oxygen.
`osion risk in contact
`xidizing agent. Irri-
`
`agent, oxygen-gen-
`
`See potassium
`
`te.
`
`See
`
`otassium persul-
`3).
`
`77, mp decomposes
`isoluble in alcohol.
`aturated solution of
`
`lizing agent. TLV:
`[:TWA0.1mg/m3).
`1ic materials.
`. reducing agent in
`mufacture, analyti-
`ioter, pharmaceuti—
`ur—maturing agent,
`
`(po—
`:nicillin.
`im phenethicillin;
`Synthetically pre—
`isomers.
`
`lid; moderately hyr
`
`groscopic. Decomposes above 220C. Very soluble
`in water; resistant to acid decomposition. Produced
`by N—acylation of or—phcnoxypropionic acid and G—
`aminopenicillanic acid (produced by fermentation
`using Penicillittm chrysogemtm).
`Grade: NF.
`Use: Antibiotic.
`
`(po—
`
`potassium phenoxymethylpenicillin.
`tassium penicillin V).
`CAS: 132-98-9. KCMH|,N,O,S.
`Properties: White, crystalline powder; odorless.
`Very soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol;
`insoluble in acetone.
`Grade: USP.
`Use: Antibiotic.
`
`(DKP; p0—
`potassium phosphate, dibasic.
`tassium hydrogen phosphate; potassium mono—
`phosphate: dipotassium orthophosphate).
`KZHPO4.
`Properties: Hygroscopic, white crystals or powder.
`Very soluble in water. Converted to pyrophosphate
`by ignition.
`Derivation: Action of phosphoric acid on potassium
`carbonate.
`Grade: Commercial, pure, highest purity. NF, FCC.
`Use: Buffer in antifreezes; ingredient of “instant”
`fertilizers; nutrient for penicillin culturing; humec—
`tant', in pharmaceuticals; foods as a buffer, seques—
`trant. and yeast food: and as a laboratory reagent.
`
`(MKP;
`potassium phosphate, monobasic.
`potassium acid phosphate; potassium diphose
`phate; potassium orthophosphate; potassium dih-
`ydrogen phosphate). KHIPO,.
`Properties: Colorless crystals. D 2.338, mp 253C.
`Acid in reaction; soluble in water; insoluble in ale
`cohoL
`Derivation: Action of phosphoric acid on potassium
`carbonate.
`Grade: Technical, CP, FCC.
`Use: Baking powder, nutrient solutions. yeast foods,
`buffer and sequestrant,
`lab reagent.
`
`(potassium
`potassium phosphate, tribasic.
`phosphate, neutral; potassium phosphate normal;
`tripotassium orthophosphate; potassium phos—
`phate, tertiary; tripotassium phosphate).
`CAS: 7778-53—2. K.PO,0H30 or KSPOJ.
`Properties: Granular, white powder; deliqueseent.
`Mp (anhydrous) 1,340C, d (anhydrous) 2.564
`(17C). Soluble in water giving strongly basic solu—
`tion. Insoluble in alcohol.
`Grade: Reagent, technical, FCC.
`Use: Purification of gasoline, water softening, liquid
`soaps, fertilizer, in foods as an emulsifier, laboratory
`reagent.
`
`KH3P03.
`potassium phosphite, monobasic.
`Properties: White powder. Hygroscopic; soluble in
`
`water; insoluble in alcohol; slowly oxidized by air to
`phosphate.
`
`potassium platinichloride.
`chloroplatinate.
`
`See potassium
`
`(KPOQH.
`potassium polymetaphosphate.
`The molecular weight may be as high as 500,000.
`Properties: White powder; odorless. Insoluble in
`water; soluble in sodium salt solutions that may have
`high viscosity.
`Derivation: Dehydration of monobasic potassium
`phosphate.
`Grade: Technical, FCC.
`Use: Fat emulsifier and moisture-retaining agent in
`foods.
`See sodium metaphosphate.
`
`K15”.
`potassium polysulfide.
`Properties: Crystals. Soluble in water and alcohol.
`Hazard: Moderate fire risk. Toxic by ingestion, ini—
`tant to skin and eyes.
`Use: Fungicide.
`
`potassium prussiate, red.
`ferricyanide.
`
`See potassium
`
`potassium prussiate, yellow.
`ferrocyanide.
`
`See potassium
`
`potassium 3-pyridinecarboxylate.
`tassium nicotinate.
`
`See po—
`
`potassium pyroantimonate.
`KZHle0704HIO.
`Properties: White, crystalline powder or granules.
`Slightly soluble in cold water; readily soluble in hot
`water; insoluble in alcohol.
`Grade: Reagent, technical.
`Use: Starch sizes and flame—retarding compounds.
`
`potassium pyroborate.
`borate.
`
`See potassium tetra—
`
`tetrapo—
`(TKPP;
`potassium pyrophosphate.
`tassium pyrophosphate; potassium pyrophos—
`phate, normal). K4P30703HZO.
`Properties: Colorless crystals or white powder.
`Somewhat hygroscopic in air (deliquescent at a rela—
`tive humidity of above 40—45%). Similar to tetraso—
`dium pyrophosphate except for greater solubility. D
`2.33, dehydrates at about 300C, mp l,090C. Soluble
`in water; insoluble in alcohol.
`Grade: Technical, 99.4%. 60% solution, FCC.
`Use: Soap and detergent builder, sequestering agent,
`peptizing and dispersing agent.
`
`potassium pyrosulfate.
`fate, anhydrous). K1530,
`Properties: Colorless needles or white. crystalline
`powder or fused pieces. D 2.25 (25/4C), mp 325C.
`Soluble in water (converted to potassium bisulfate).
`
`(potassium acid sul-
`
`
`
`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 3
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`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 3
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`Use: Acid flux in analysis,
`
`laboratory reagent.
`
`potassium pyrosulfite.
`bisulfite.
`
`See potassium meta—
`
`potassium rhodanide.
`yanate.
`
`See potassium thioc—
`
`C|7H320HCOOK.
`potassium ricinoleate.
`Properties: White paste. Soluble in water. Combus—
`tible.
`Use: Emulsifying agent.
`
`potassium silicate.
`Properties: (Solid) Weight ratio Si022KZO varies
`with grade from 2.1:1 to 2.5: 1; colorless anhydrous
`lump, shattered or granular. Soluble in water at high
`temperature and pressure; insoluble in alcohol. (So—
`lution) Colorless liquid, Be range 29—48 degrees.
`Derivation: Supercooled melt of potassium carbon—
`ate and pure silica sand.
`Use: (Solid) Manufacture of glass and refractory ma—
`terial, welding rods, high—temperature mortars,
`binder in carbon arc—light electrodes, detergents,
`catalyst, adhesives.
`
`potassium silicofluoride.
`fluosilicate.
`
`See potassium
`
`potassium sodium carbonate.
`potassium carbonate.
`
`See sodium
`
`potassium sodium ferricyanide.
`K,NaFe(CN)G.
`Properties: Red crystals, over 99% pure. Mp (de—
`composes); nonhygroscopic and stable. Easily solu—
`ble in water.
`Derivation: From ferrocyanides.
`Use: Blueprint paper and photography.
`
`potassium-sodium phosphate.
`potassium phosphate.
`
`See sodium-
`
`potassium sodium tartrate.
`sodium potassium tartrate).
`CAS: 304—59—6. KNaCJH406-4HZO. It is salt ofi.(+)-
`tartaric acid.
`
`(Rochelle salt;
`
`Properties: Colorless, transparent, efflorescent crys-
`tals or white powder; cool, saline taste. Unstable
`above 225C, d 1.77, mp 70—80C. Soluble in water,
`insoluble in alcohol, loses water of crystallization at
`140C.
`Derivation: Potassium acid tartrate is dissolved in
`water, the solution saturated with sodium carbonate,
`concentrated after purification, and crystallized.
`Grade: Highest purity, reagent, commercial crystals
`or powder, NF. FCC.
`Use: Baking powders, medicine (cathartic), compo—
`nent of Fehling’s solution, silvering mirrors.
`
`(potassium—2,4~hexadiei
`
`potassium sorbate.
`noate).
`CAS: 590-00—1. CH3CHzCHCHzCHCOOK.
`Properties: White powder. Mp 270C (decomposes),
`d 1.36 (25/20C). Soluble in water (25C).
`Grade: Technical, FCC.
`Use: Bacteriostat and preservative in meats, sausage
`casings, wines, etc.
`
`potassium stannate.
`CAS:
`l2125~03—0. KZSn0303H,O.
`Properties: White to light—tan crystals. D 3.197. Sol—
`uble in water; insoluble in alcohol.
`Grade: Technical.
`Hazard: Highly toxic, TLV: 2 mg(Sn)/m3.
`Use: Textiles (dyeing and printing), alkaline tin—plate
`ing bath.
`
`(stearic acid potassium
`
`potassium stearate.
`salt).
`CAS: 593729—3. CHH‘HCOOK.
`Properties: White, crystalline powder; slight odor of
`fat. Mw 322.57. Soluble in hot water and alcohol.
`Grade: Commercial, contains considerable palmi—
`tate; FCC.
`Use: Anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier, stabilizer
`for chewing gum, base for textile softeners.
`
`potassium strontium chlorate.
`um potassium chlorate.
`
`See stronti—
`
`KCleNpsoHIO.
`potassium styphnate.
`Properties: Yellow prisms. Mp loses water at 120C.
`Hazard: Explodes when shocked or heated.
`Use: High explosive.
`
`potassium sulfate.
`CAS: 7778-80—5. K,so,.
`Properties: Colorless or white, hard crystals or pow—
`der; bitter saline taste. D 2.66, mp 1,072C. Soluble in
`water; insoluble in alcohol.
`Derivation: ( 1) By treatment of potassium chloride
`either with sulfuric acid or with sulfur dioxide, air,
`and water (Hargreaves process); (2) by fractional
`crystallization of a natural sulfate ore; (3) from salt—
`lake brines.
`commercial,
`Grade: Highest purity medicinal,
`crude, CP, agricultural, reagent, technical.
`Use: Reagent in analytical chemistry, medicine (ca—
`thartic), gypsum cements, fertilizer for chloride—
`sensitive crops such as tobacco and citrus, alum
`manufacture, glass manufacture, food additive.
`
`potassium sulfhydrate.
`drosulfide.
`
`See potassium hy—
`
`potassium sulfide.
`CAS: 1312-73—8. KZS.
`Properties: Red or yellow-red crystalline mass or
`fused solid. D 1.75 (20/4C), mp 910C. Deliquescent
`in air; soluble in water, alcohol, and glycerol; insolu-
`ble in ether.
`
`
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`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 4
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`Mylan Ex 1039, Page 4
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