`
`|§WileY 1968, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
`The systemwide forward batch 2704 field generally includes a
`
`Eyzonal header time interval including overhead information and a
`the zonal forward interval 2710
`;3series of 64 batches. Also,
`
`Eisimilarly includes a zonal header time interval with overhead
`iinformation and a series of 54 batches.
`
`Hi
`
`l
`Each batch is a string of
`3 data containing information specifically directed to a single
`:%group of mobile units.
`Each batch preferably contains information
`[directed to a certain class of mobile units with the classes
`
`divided by the types of service provided.
`
`For example, a first
`
`batch could be directed to all mobile transceiver units, and a
`
`second batch could be directed to all mobile receiver units.
`
`urther, each batch may contain several messages, each intended
`
`is
`
`! l
`
`or different mobile units within the particular class of unit to
`
`r
`‘which that batch is directed. Generally, Fig. 27(3) shows the
`
`i Eii
`
`SHI i E
`
`!
`
`forward batch interval protocol 2?50 preferred for both the
`
`E systemwide forward interval 2704 and the zonal forward interval
`
`;'27oe.
`
`The systemwide forward interval 270$ is preferably used only
`
`for sending a probe signal to a mobile transceiver unit which does
`
`not respond to zonal messages (i.e. a "lost" unit). However, when
`
`I necessary,
`
`the systemwide forward interval 2704 may be used.to
`
`deliver messages to mobile units'located in overlap areas.
`
`The ID
`
`W
`number, or address, of the lost mobile unit is preferably followed
`gby data indicating a timing offset which is a time delay amount
`
`II i
`
`62 -
`
`_____..;.{)_
`
`Page 00135
`
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`
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`1 until the beginning of the time slot designated for the return
`i signal of that mobile unit. An alternative implementation, which
`itmay be useful for mobile units that have not responded for a
`:3
`}‘period of time, could have mobile.units that have received a probe
`Egsignal respond during the reverse contention interval.
`I
`After the end of the broadcast on the systemwide forward
`zbatch time interval 2704, all network base transmitters shut down
`
`until-the beginning of the zonal forward batch time interval 2108.
`
`The forward batch interval protocol 2750 includes a forward
`
`10
`
`iichannel header interval 2714 which includes data to allow the
`
`timing circuitry of the mobile units to synchronize themselves
`
`The forward channel header 2514
`
`éiwith the incoming data stream.
`i.
`l,also preferably includes data indicating a timing offset
`;
`n.n
`
`scheduling a reverse channel time interval for each batch, as may
`
`I '
`
`15
`
`-:be required.
`
`Of course,
`
`the forward channel header 2714 for the
`
`iisystemwide forward interval 270% would indicate a timing offset
`
`Eifor reverse channel transmission during the systemwide response
`
`Eiinterval 2706, and the forward channel header 2714 for the zonal
`forward interval 2708 would indicate a timing offset for reverse
`
`channel transmission during the zonal reverse interval 2710.
`The forward channel header 2714 further includes a data
`
`-n
`T
`|1
`E
`
`ffstream to the mobile unit listing which of the 64 batches will
`E!
`gifollow and the timing offsets indicating when those batches will
`be transmitted. Again, this_feature advantageously allows the
`
`H E
`
`'
`I
`;:mobile unit to “power down" during the systemwide and zonal
`I
`
`forward intervals 2704 and 2TU8 until the appropriate time for
`
`20
`
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`thereby conserving the battery
`
`Page 00136
`
`Page 00136
`
`
`
`power of the mobile unit.
`
`The remaining fields batch i 2720,
`
`batch j 2722. and batch k 2724 are the individual batches directed
`
`to the mobile units.‘
`
`_:
`:i
`
`It should be understood that different classes of mobile
`
`giunits can follow different desirable batch protocols, depending on
`
`_Ethe type of service, processing power, battery capacity, or other
`factors.
`Ei
`5.|
`
`The individual batch protocol 2780 is shown in Fig. 27(C].
`
`The batch header field 2726 is similar to the header fields
`
`discussed above for Figs. 27(A} and (B). The batch header 2?26
`
`includes a list of particular mobile units to receive messages
`
`within the batch and includes timing offsets indicating when such
`
`messages will be broadcast. _Further,
`
`the batch header 2726
`
`includes data indicating a timing offset scheduling a reverse
`
`channel interval in the system reverse interval,
`
`the zonal reverse
`
`interval, or the reverse contention interval, as appropriate.
`
`E E
`
`JI
`
`1 1
`
`i i1
`
`i i
`
`-A
`
`gain, this information allows the mobile unit to extend its
`
`5 battery life because the mobile unit need only power up at the
`I
`
`I
`
`1 %i 1i !II11 =
`
`1appropriate time to receive or transmit the appropriate message.
`;!Further. it is preferred that the reverse channel
`timing offset
`
`data be transmitted using error correction codes to insure
`
`i 5
`
`1
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`. 20
`
`I !
`
`Elaccurate receipt thereof by the mobile unit. Accurate receipt of
`
`the reverse channel timing offset data will prevent unwanted or
`
`Euntirrlely transmissions by the mobile unit and insure that a mobile
`
`unit may properly transmit a negative acknowledgment signal if it
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`Page 00137
`
`Page 00137
`
`
`
`
`
`The individual message interval 2732 includes the individual
`
`message intended for a particular mobile unit or units.
`
`The
`
`duration of each message and number of messages within a batch may
`
`be varied by the network operations center 600 and is traffic
`
`' dependent.
`
`Each mobile unit with transmit capability that has received a
`
`message in the immediately previous systemwide forward interval
`
`2?04 or the zonal forward interval ZTOB will have an appropriate
`
`time slot for transmission scheduled in the systemwide response
`
`interval 2706, or the zonal reverse interval 2710, respectively.
`
`E The timing circuit in the mobile transceiver unit determines the
`
`assigned time slot for transmission.
`
`For example} if the mobile
`
`unit simply intends to transmit an acknomledgment-signal, which
`
`il
`
`nI
`
`{Iindicates that the mobile unit has properly received the message
`
`‘E
`i from the network, an 8 bit preamble followed by the address of
`E
`I
`.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`glthat mobile unit need only be transmitted and a 3 bit
`5
`:
`jlecknowledgment. However, if a more extensive reply from the
`
`H Q
`
`imobile unit is required, additional data could be transferred
`
`iduring this time slot.
`
`In particular,
`
`long reverse messages could
`
`H g
`
`20
`
`be scheduled in response to a request from the mobile unit sent
`
`.
`
`iduring the contention interval 2712, as discussed hereafter.
`|
`‘
`
`i
`
`Due to the low power transmit capability of the mobile
`
`transceiver units,
`
`there is an increased likelihood of data
`
`Jtransmission errors for reply signals.
`
`The extended Golay code
`
`25
`-for error protection may be utilized for reverse channel messages
`.4... o-rlczl
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`
`Page 00138
`
`
`
`
`
`The systemwide response interval 2706 and the zonal reverse
`
`iinterval 2710 provide comunication capability from the mobile
`'transceiver units to the network (i.e.
`the reverse channel].
`
`‘E
`
`Still further; a preferred embodiment accomodates mobile
`
` ':terminals with extensive reverse message_generation capabilities
`:;(e.g., a laptop computer connected to a radio transceiver} by
`éiallowing for contention messages that request extended reverse
`:Echannel
`time for the transmission of a long reverse message.
`Freverse contention interval 2712 is located afiter the zonal
`
`The
`
`10
`
`5 reverse interval 2T1O and provides for unscheduled messages from
`the mobile unit to the network.
`For example,
`the mobile
`
`transceiver unit could send a message to the network during the
`
`15
`
`=;Also,
`
`the user could transmit a message to the network during the
`
`Ezreverse contention interval 2712 indicating that the user now
`
`‘idesires to reestablish services and begin receiving messages from
`lithe network. Further, a "registration signal," which is discussed
`ééinfra, could be transmitted during the reverse contention interval
`‘ %é2?l2.
`I
`The reverse contention interval preferably utilizes a
`la
`1 so-called "slotted ALOHA“ protocol, which allows the mobile unit
`
`I
`
` to randomly select a predefined time slot within the contention
`
`' interval to transmit a message.
`
`A mobile station wanting to
`
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`
`" because of the low likelihood of data “collisions” {i.e.
`
`2 or more.
`
`I mobile units transmitting during the same time slot).
`1
`.
`1.
`Registration of the Mobile Unit
`
`Because the network operations center 600 stores the location
`:;of each mobile unit in the system in the user database 2100, it is
`
`‘‘preferred that each mobile transceiver unit have the capability to
`
`
`
`"register" with the network operations center 600 by sending a
`
`registration signal to a base receiver into the network to update
`the location data.
`
`10
`
`The mobile transceiver unit preferably registers by simply
`transmitting its identification number to a base receiver, which
`
`forwards this data and data representing the location of the base
`
`receiver to the network operations center 600.
`
`The mobile transceiver preferably registers upon crossing
`
`zonal boundaries to alert the network operation center that the
`mobile transceiver has left one zone and entered another.
`For
`
`example,
`
`the mobile unit could receive information from the
`
`nearest base transmitter identifying which zone that base
`
`transmitter is assigned to at the heginning'of each communication
`
`20
`
`cycle. Upon receipt of such information from a base transmitter
`
`indicating that a nearby base transmitter is assigned to a new
`
`zone,
`
`the mobile transceiver then preferably transmits a
`
`registration signal.
`
`The mobile transceiver unit may also transmit a registration
`
`25
`
`signal in other desirable instances.
`
`For example, if the mobile
`
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`transceiver unit has moved away from the transmitter coverage
`'
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`the mobile transceiver
`
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`
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`
`Page 00140
`
`Page 00140
`
`
`
`unit may preferably transmit a registration signal upon returning
`
`to a coverage area.
`
`The display and storage logic 1508 of the
`
`mobile transceiver unit preferably recognizes that the unit has
`
`left the coverage area of the network upon failure to receive data
`
`5
`
`.:from a base transmitter in the network during the cycle header
`
`:
`!
`
`-
`
`time interval 2702, for example.
`
`I
`
`The mobile unit may leave the
`
`1 coverage area of a base transmitter of the network when the user
`
`takes the unit out of the country, or enters the basement of a
`
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`transmit a registration
`
`signal when power is restored to the mobile unit after having
`
`power removed, such as after being turned off by the user.
`
`of
`
`\ ;
`
`WI
`
`i 1 L
`
`I _
`
`the power may be restored to the unit by replacing or
`icourse,
`grecharging a dead battery, which may also cause transmission of a
`
`M i
`
`firegistration signal.
`H
`3f
`H
`1
`
`In general,
`
`_
`the network must balance the need for frequent
`
`registrations by the mobile transceiver units, and the desirable
`
`!result of accurately knowing the location of each mobile unit,
`
`I:
`
`10 '
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`fgthereby preventing the need for probe signals, with the
`giundesirable overhead costs of too frequent registration, which
`iésacrifices data throughput by utilizing valuable transmit time.
`3;
`In the preferred embodiment,
`the central computer 2002 of the
`network operations center 600 can achieve desirable performance by
`
`implementing one or more algorithms to evaluate the need for
`
`registration by a mobile unit, and then appropriately controlling
`
`the registration performance of that mobile unit.
`
`If the central
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`Page 00141
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`Page 00141
`
`
`
`is useful,
`
`then the mobile unit preferably should receive a
`
`message from the network to cause the mobile unit to send
`
`registration signals at appropriate times. Conversely, if the
`
`W.:
`Ei-
`
`HE:
`
`E central computer determines that the registration signals from the"
`
`§§mcbile unit are too frequently not useful, the mobile unit
`5§preferably should receive a message from the network to cause the
`
`
`the mobile transceiver unit
`To implement this feature,
`E
`in the
`ffurther preferably includes a registration flag {not shown)
`%display and storage logic section 1503.
`If the registration flag
`iis set,
`the display and storage logic section 1508 causes the
`Emobile transceiver to autonomously send a registration signal to
`:the network operations center on a desired basis.
`If the
`!registration flag is not set,
`the display and storage logic
`Isection 1508 prevents any registration signals from being sent.
`
`The registration flag may he set or removed upon command from the
`
`network operations center by transmission of an appropriate signal
`
`.
`
`from a base transmitter near the mobile unit.
`
`A variety of
`
`algorithms, possibly regarding individual users or groups of
`
`users, can be used to determine whether or not the registration
`
`flag should be set.
`
`It should be appreciated that the present
`
`invention provides two distinct algorithms for implementing these
`
`registration concepts depending upon whether the registration flag
`
`is set or not in the mobile unit (i.e.
`
`the state of the mobile
`
`unit).
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
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`Page 00142
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`
`
`3 I
`
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`
`V E
`
`Fig. 2B(A) shows a flow chart describing-a preferred method
`
`-2300 for implementing the registration concepts of the_present
`
`,invention wherein the registration feature of the mobile unit is
`
`Egdisabled.
`
`In step 2802,
`
`the network sends a message to disable
`
`5
`
`_§the registration feature {i.e. set the registration flag to zero)
`
`iiof the mobile unit to disable the mobile transceiver's capability
`
`fiito transmit a registration signal. As can be seen, step 2802
`
`iédetermines the initial state for the method set forth in Fig.
`28(A)‘.
`In step 2804,
`
`the network stores the number of probe signals
`
`j
`
`!Isent to the mobile transceiver during a first period of time, and
`
`H i
`
`10
`
`15 '
`
`20
`
`ithe number of messages successfully delivered to the mobile
`
`jtransceiver by the network during a second period of time.
`
`H i
`
`the first and second time intervals are identical.
`éPreferably,
`§§The traffic statistics database 2200 of the database 2008 is
`,
`
`I E
`
`ipreferably used to store the number of probe signals and
`
`.'l
`ifsnccessful messages for each mobile unit. As explained
`
`gihereinafter,
`
`these two statistics from the operation of the
`1
`
`network are preferably used to determine whether registration by
`
`Lthe mobile unit is useful.
`i
`
`5:
`
`In step 2806,
`
`the stored number of probe signals and number
`
`I
`:
`iiof messages successfully delivered is processed to evaluate a
`iglikelihood that a probe signal will be required to be set by the
`J5|
`network to locate the mobile unit to deliver a message.
`The
`
`iI
`
`I ;
`
`25
`
`ii
`Igpreferred embodiment of the invention processes the stored number
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`Page 00143
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`
`step after an input has been received by the network. Step 2902
`
`igdetermines if the network sent a probe signal to a lost mobile
`in
`transceiver unit and if a reply to the probe signal was received
`al
`4I
`»
`If this event occurs, a
`Eby a base receiver in the network.
`ifcounter [not shown) is incremented by a value P by the central
`H
`jgcomputer 2002.
`
`
`
`In step 2904, if a message was successfully delivered to a
`
`10
`
`return from the mobile transceiver to the network,
`
`the counter
`
`(not shown} in the central computer 2002 is decremented by a value
`
`15
`
`3ID.
`
`x.
`value J, this indicates that the likelihood that a probe signal
`
`20
`
`f'will be necessary to locate the mobile transceiver is greater than
`a selected value.
`
`As can be seen,
`
`the process of suhsteps in Fig. 29(A)
`
`balances the frequency of probe signals sent to a particular unit
`
`25
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`Page 00144
`
`Page 00144
`
`
`
`1
`
`‘feature.
`
`In contrast, if many messages have been successfully
`
`5
`
`‘
`
`'|delivered without requiring a probe signal, it is unnecessary to
`.ienable the registration feature by setting the registration flag.
`'Iu
`_
`In step 2803, a message is sent to the mobile unit to enable‘
`the mobile transceiver's capability to transmit a registration
`
`signal if the calculated likelihood in step 2304 exceeds a
`
`selected value.
`
`As can be seen, step 2808 preferably sets the
`
`, registration flag in the mobile transceiver unit.
`
`Fig. 28(3) shows a flow chart describing a method 2810 for
`
`10
`
`implementing the registration concepts of the present invention
`
`wherein the registration feature of the mobile unit is enabled.
`
`-
`
`In step 2812,
`
`the network sends a message to enable the
`
`registration feature (i.e. set the registration flag to 1) of the
`
`:_mobile unit to enable the mobile transceiver’s capability to
`
`!transmit a registration signal. As can be seen, step 2812
`idetermines the initial state for the method set forth in Fig.
`
`I; 28(3).
`the network stores the number of registration
`In step 2814,
`signals received by the network during a first period of time, and
`
`the number of messages successfully delivered to the mobile
`
`transceiver by the network during a second period of time.
`
`the first and second time intervals are identical.
`Preferably,
`The traffic statistics database.22D0 of the database 2009 is
`
`preferably used to store the number of registration signals and
`
`I
`
`I
`
`i JFJ
`
`‘successful messages for each mobile unit. As explained
`
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`
`network are preferably used to determine whether the registration
`
`by the mobile unit is useful.
`
`In step 2815,
`
`the stored number of registration signals and
`
`.1I.i
`
`a
`
`~ 1
`
`1
`1.\
`‘
`
`Eénumber of messages successfully delivered is processed to evaluate
`fgthe likelihood that a registration signal will be received by a
`fifibase receiver in the network that will not be used by the network
`§5to determine a set of base transmitters to be operated to transmit
`353 message to the mobile transceiver.
`The preferred embodiment of
`Eithe invention processes the stored number of registration signals
`igreceived and number of messages successfully delivered in
`accordance with the method set forth in Fig. 29(B) .-
`Referring now to Fig. 2§(B),
`kg
`therein is shown a series of
`iisubsteps which are preferably performed during the implementation
`Eof
`the processing step 2814 shownlin Fig. 28(B}.
`In particular,
`
`1
`
`S
`
`10
`
`15
`
`isteps 2912 and 2914 are event driven and only proceed to the next
`
`iistep after an input has been received by the network.
`
`Step 2912
`
`Efdetermines if a registration signal was received by a base
`
`ggreceiver in the network.
`
`If so, a counter [not shown)
`
`in the
`
`iicentral computer 2002 is incremented by a value A.
`
`In step 2914, if a message was successfully delivered to a
`
`_mobilefltransceiver, preferably including an acknowledgment signal
`
`return from the mobile transceiver to the system,
`
`the counter [not
`
`in the central computer 2002 is decremented by a value M.
`
`, shown)
`3i-
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`It should be understood that the counter referred to with
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`iireferred to with regard to steps 2902 and 2904 since each counter
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`Page 00146
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`disabled in the mobile transceiver. However, the same physical or
`
`logical device may be used to implement both counters.
`
`After the occurrence of either events in the step 2912 or
`
`hI
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`
`iistep 2914,
`
`the algorithm proceeds to step 2916.
`
`In step 2916,
`
`the
`
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`
`‘predetermined value T.
`
`The value of T can be varied to meet the
`
`needs of a particular network. when the counter value exceeds T,
`
`it is indicated that the likelihood that a registration signal
`
`from that mobile unit will not be used by the network to determine
`
`:a new set of base transmitters, and therefore the registration
`,istatu5 for that mobile unit needs to be changed to disable the
`
`Eregistration feature.
`
`In other words,
`
`the process in Fig. 29(3) balances the
`
`frequency of registration signals sent by a particular unit
`
`'.against the number of successfully delivered messages to that
`
`-unit. As can be seen, if the mobile unit sends a large number of
`
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`:,reqistration'signals without the system using these registration
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`
`that mobile unit disabled.
`
`In contrast, if many messages have
`
`:'been successfully delivered without too many registration signals
`
`HI
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`gbeing sent by the mobile unit, it is unnecessary for the
`
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`,registration feature to be disabled.
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`In step 2818, a message is sent to the mobile unit to disable
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`ithe mobile transceiver's capability to transmit a registration
`
`25
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`signal if the calculated likelihood in step 2814 exceeds a
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`L»: en.er.s
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`selected value.
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`Of course, it ehould be understood that the variables P, D,
`
`and J used in Fig. 29(3), and the variables A, M, and T used in
`
`Fig. 29(8) can be adjusted as desired to enhance system
`
`V performance, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the'
`E art.
`
`The counters can be implemented with so-called "reflective
`
`; boundaries" so that if a counter reaches a minimum value (e.g.,
`
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`zero), it will continuously reset to that minimum value when
`= further decremented.
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`It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various
`modifications and variations can he made in the systems and
`methods of the present invention without departing from the scope
`
`or spirit of the invention.
`
`Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those
`
`3
`
`killed in the art from consideration of the specification and
`
`practice of the invention disclosed herein.
`
`It is intended that
`
`the specification and examples he considered as exemplary only,
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`with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by
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`1‘.
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`E WHAT 15 CLAIMED IS:
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`_ A method for information transmission by - plurality of
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`the information transmis5'on occurring during at
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`ggplurality of transmitters being divid-
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`iisecono set of transmitters,
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`-tion:
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`transmitt' g by the first set of transmitters a second
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`
`Page00149
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`(e] trans»-tting by the second set of transmitters a third
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`block of inf:
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`2.
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`A
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`transmitti
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`lti—carrier simulcast transmission systemfor
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`the system comprising:
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`in a desired frequency band a message contained in an
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`igknown to be located,
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`the commdni ation method comprising the steps
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`servicing a zone where the mo ile transceiver was last known to be
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`transmitting a sys emwide probe signal by a plurality of
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`(f) updatin the data to reflect the zone of the base
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`location of th mobile transceiver.
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`
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`4.
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`A method of communicating messages between a plurality of
`
`base transmitters and mobile receivers within a
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`egion of space
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`the c _
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`nication method
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`
`information signal and a second informa
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`cond information signal being
`transmitted in simulcast by a sec nd set of base transmitters
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`thereby creatin an updated first set of base transmitters
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`set of base transmitters: and
`
`ng substantially simultaneously a third
`
`[C]
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`%Iinformation sign 1 and a fourth information signal, the third
`‘information si nal being transmitted in simulcast by the updated
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`Page 00152
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`Page 00153
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`5
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`A communication method for controlling a mob'le transceiver
`6.
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`sending a registration signal to be rece ved by a base receiver in
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`transceiver to cause the
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`identify its location,
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`sending a probe signal to the mobil
`mobile transceiver to transmit a
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`comprising the steps of:
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`Page 00154
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`
`
`7.
`
`A communication method for controlling a mobile transceiver
`
`which may communicate with a communication
`
`twork controlled by a
`
`computer,
`
`the network including a plurali
`
`of base transmitters
`
`for transmitting messages to the mobile
`
`ransceiver and base
`
`=?receivers for receiving messages from he mobile transceiver,
`
`the
`
`ending a registration signal
`
`the network to identify the
`
`;a mobile transceiver being capable of
`
`"to be received by a base receiver '
`
`I II
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`,mobile transceiver's location, th network using received
`
`Eregistraticn signals to determi
`
`a set of base transmitters to be
`
`operated to transmit a message to the mobile transceiver,
`
`the
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`ion signals from the
`
`transrni t a registration (b) storing the n
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`
`a first period of time
`
`and the number of me sages successfully delivered to the mobile
`
`transceiver bf the
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`etwork during a period of time;
`
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`(C) processi g the stored number of registration signals and
`
`number of melssa
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`s successfully delivered to evaluate a likelihood
`
`that a registr tion signal from said mobile unit will not be used
`
`E by the networ
`
`to determine a set of base transmitters; and
`
`{d} se ding a message to the mobile unit to disable the
`
`mobile tr
`
`sceiver‘s capability to transmit a registration signal
`
`if the l‘ elihood exceeds a selected value.
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`‘AT-roaflgy DOCKEI No: 03630. 0033-D0000
`DECLARATION AND POWER OF ATTORNEY
`As 3. below named inventor, I hereby declare that my residence.
`_
`ess and citizenship are as stated below
`
`next to my name; that I believe I am the original. first and
`rttor (if only one name is listed below) or an original.
`first and joint inventor (if plural names are listed b
`the subject matter which is claimed and for which a patent is
`
`sought on the invention entitled:
`A NATIONIJIQE CQQQEICATIQN §YS'I'El‘i
`
`the specification of which is U attache
`
`. .. as Application Serial No.
`lor El was filed o'n .."i‘?‘.'.°l":i2'i!-'. .13: . ‘.1-.9.‘-i3. . . .
`amended on (if applicable) .
`. . .
`. . .
`. . . . . .
`. . . .
`. .
`. . . . . . . . ..
`ts’of the above identified specification, including th