`US008694657B 1
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Marks
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,694,657 Bl
`*Apr. 8, 2014
`
`(54)
`
`REAL TIME COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
`
`(76)
`
`Inventor: Daniel L Marks, Chappel Hill, NC (US)
`
`( *)
`
`Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`
`(21)
`
`Appl. No.: 09/399,578
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Sep.20,1999
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63)
`
`Continuation of application No. 08/617,658, filed on
`Apr. 1, 1996, now Pat. No. 5,956,491.
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`(58)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G06F 15116
`U.S. Cl.
`USPC ........... 709/229; 709/204; 709/206; 709/207;
`709/225
`
`(2006.01)
`
`Field of Classification Search
`USPC ......... 709/203, 231, 316, 204-207, 225, 229;
`379/401, 202.01
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,525,779 A
`4,710,917 A
`4,953,159 A
`5,008,853 A
`5,195,086 A
`5,257,306 A
`5,325,419 A
`5,333,266 A
`5,347,306 A
`5,347,632 A
`
`6/1985 Davids et al.
`12/1987 Tompkins et al.
`8/1990 Hayden et al.
`4/1991 Bly et al.
`3/1993 Baumgartner et al.
`10/1993 Watanabe
`6/1994 Connolly et al.
`7/1994 Boaz et al.
`9/1994 Nitta
`9/1994 Filepp et al.
`
`709/204
`370/265
`
`370/264
`348/14.09
`379/60
`
`348/14.1
`
`5,408,470 A
`5,440,624 A *
`5,452,299 A
`5,465,370 A
`5,471,318 A
`5,491,743 A
`5,528,671 A
`5,548,506 A
`5,563,804 A
`5,572,248 A
`5,572,643 A
`5,592,478 A
`5,608,786 A
`5,613,056 A
`5,616,876 A
`
`4/1995 Rothrock et al.
`8/1995 Schoof, II
`9/1995 Thessin et al.
`1111995 Ito et al.
`1111995 Ahuja et al.
`2/1996 Shiio et al.
`6/1996 Ryu et al.
`8/1996 Srinivasan
`10/1996 Mortensen et al.
`1111996 Allen et al.
`1111996 Judson
`111997 Weiss.
`3/1997 Gordon
`3/1997 Gasper et al.
`4/1997 Cluts .
`(Continued)
`
`379/202.01
`
`709/204
`386/125
`709/204
`
`348/14.1
`709/218
`370/260
`
`345/473
`84/609
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`
`336 552 A2
`
`10/1989
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Kazuo Watabe et al., Distributed Multiparty Desktop Conferencing
`System: MERMAID, Oct. 1990, Proceedings CSCW '90, ACM, pp.
`27-38.*
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner - Patrice Winder
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Peter K. Trzyna, Esq.
`
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`A system and method communicating via an Internet net(cid:173)
`work, the system including: a plurality of computers con(cid:173)
`nected to a computer system such that one of the plurality of
`computers, corresponding to a first of the user identities, and
`an other of the plurality of computers, corresponding to a
`second of the user identities, can send communications, and
`some of the communications are received in real time via the
`Internet. There can be a determination as to whether some of
`the communications are allowed.
`
`671 Claims, 22 Drawing Sheets
`
`CLIENT CHANNEL DATA STRUCTURE AND INFORMATION FLOW DIAGRAM
`
`M_
`REMOVE USER
`FROM MEMBER
`LIST, DISPLAY
`CHANGES
`
`MESSAGE SENT
`TOMODERA.TION
`
`.,
`""
`"
`
`COM;g~~~EST I+----<--~
`MEMBER ATTRIBUTE
`
`'"'
`
`COMPOSEORAPHIGAL
`INFORMATION
`GRAPHICAL
`SUBMISSION INTO
`INFORMATION
`CONTROLLER
`"---"M""ESSA,,,,GE.___, SUBMISSION
`
`"
`
`ERROR MESSAGE
`REll.IRNEDBY
`CONTROLLER
`DISPLAYED TO
`TRANSCRIPT
`
`"
`"
`"
`
`MESSAGE ADDED
`IMMEDIATELY
`TO TRANSCRIPT
`
`UPDATE USER
`DATA STRUCTURE
`
`ADDUSEATO
`LOCAL MEMBER
`UST, DISPLAY
`CHANGES
`
`ERROR
`MESSAGE
`
`l.EAVE
`CHANNEL
`
`Petitioner Microsoft Corporation, Ex. 1001, p. 1
`
`
`
`US 8,694,657 Bl
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`"Join a Dungeon Adventure", Daniel James, Nov. 30, 2001, www.
`techtv.corn/screensavers/supergeek/story/0,24330,3012300,00.
`html.
`"Google Search Results for MUDs", Google.com, http://directory.
`google.corn/Top/Games/Internet/MUDs/, retreived May 5, 2002.
`"A Brief History of SOF", http://sofeq.sofguild.com/history.htrn,
`Jun. 1998.
`"Adventures On-Line", Michael Ciraolo, www.atarimagazines.com/
`v2n7/online.htrnl, Antic vol. 3, No. 7, Nov. 1984.
`"Host Extensions for IP Multicasting," S. Deering, Stanford Univer(cid:173)
`sity, Aug. 1989, 16 Pages.
`"Complaint: Brian Hollander vs. Peter K. Trzynaand PTK Technolo(cid:173)
`gies, LLC," Dated Nov. 13, 2007, pp. 1-18.
`Winder, Patrice L., "Notice of Allowance" mailed Mar. 21, 2013, for
`U.S. Appl. No. 111510,351, filed Aug. 24, 2006. pp. 1-26. USA.
`Trzyna, Peter K., "Amendment After Allowance" filed Mar. 22, 2013,
`for U.S. Appl. No. 111510,351, filed Aug. 24, 2006. pp. 1-22. USA.
`Winder, Patrice L., "Office Action-Final Rejection" mailed Jan. 10,
`2013, for U.S. Appl. No. 111510,473, filed Aug. 24, 2006. pp. 1-37.
`USA.
`Trzyna, Peter K., "Amendment After Final and Response" filed Sep.
`6, 2012, forU.S.Appl. No. 111510,473, filed Aug. 24, 2006. pp. 1-30.
`USA.
`Winder, Patrice L., "Notice of Allowance" mailed Apr. 5, 2013, for
`U.S. Appl. No. 111510,463, filed Aug. 24, 2006. pp. 1-23. USA.
`Trzyna, Peter K., "Amendment After Allowance" filed Apr. 5, 2013,
`for U.S. Appl. No. 111510,463, filed Aug. 24, 2006. pp. 1-18. USA.
`Trzyna, Peter K., "Supplemental Amendment and Response After
`Final'' filed Mar. 12, 2013, for U.S. Appl. No. 111510,463, filed Aug.
`24, 2006. pp. 1-18. USA.
`Prakash, Atul et al. "Distview: Support for Building Efficient Col(cid:173)
`laborativeApplications using Replicated Objects." Software Systems
`Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and
`Computer Science, University of Michigan. pp. 1-12, Ann Arbor, MI.
`Anupam, Vinod "Collaborative Multimedia Environments for Prob(cid:173)
`lem Solving." A Thesis Submitted to Purdue University. (Aug. 1994),
`pp. 1-212, Ann Arbor, MI.
`Bajaj, Chandrajit et al. "Collaborative Multimedia in Shastra." 3rd
`International Conference on Multimedia, San Francisco, CA (1995).
`pp. 365-366.
`Ahuja, S.R. et al. "The Rapport Multimedia Conferencing System."
`AT&T Bell Laboratories. pp. 1-8. Holmdel, NJ.
`Anupam, Vinod et al. "Collaborative Multimedia in Scientific
`Design." Proceedings: First ACM Multimedia Conference, ACM
`Multimedia 93, Anaheim, California, ACM Press, (1993). pp. 447-
`456.
`Anupam, Vinod et al. "Shastra-AnArchitecture for Development of
`Collaborative Applications." Proceedings: Second IEEE Workshop
`on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enter(cid:173)
`prises, Morgantown, (1993). pp. 155-166.
`Bajaj, Chandrajit et al. "Brokered Collaborative Infrastructure for
`CSCW." Proceedings: Fourth IEEE Workshop on Enabling Tech(cid:173)
`nologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, Berkeley
`Springs, West Virginia, IEEE Computer Society Press, (1995), pp.
`207-213.
`Anupam, Vinod et al. "Shastra: Multimedia Collaborative Design
`Environment." IEEE Multimedia, 1, 2, (1994), pp. 39-49.
`Anupam, Vinod et al. "Distributed and Collaborative Visualization."
`IEEE Computer, 27, 7, (Jul. 1994), pp. 37-43.
`Bajaj, Chandrajit et al. "Web based Collaborative Visualization of
`Distributed and Parallel Simulation." In Proceedings of the 1999
`IEEE Symposium on Parallel Visualization and Graphics, (Oct.
`24-29, 1999), San Francisco, CA, pp. 47-54.
`Bajaj, Chandrajit et al. "NLS: Collaborative Virtual Environment to
`Promote Shared Awareness." Proceedings: Workshop on New Para(cid:173)
`digms in Information Visualization and Manipulation NPIV'96, In
`conjunction with Fifth ACM International Conference on Informa(cid:173)
`tion and Knowledge Management (CIKM'96), (1996), pp. 41-45.
`Bajaj, Chandrajit et al. "Web Based Collaboration-Aware Synthetic
`Environments" Proceedings of the 1997 GVU/NIST TEAMCAD
`workshop, Atlanta, GA, 1997, 143-150.
`
`709/205
`
`715/758
`
`345/473
`370/352
`707/10
`379/88.04
`
`709/204
`
`709/204
`
`395/200.62
`709/223
`709/234
`715/758
`709/223
`705/14
`709/204
`715/748
`709/228
`370/401
`709/236
`709/316
`395/188.01
`705/65
`715/758
`379/202.01
`370/260
`
`4/1997 Ludwig eta!.
`5,617,539 A
`4/1997 Vaudreuil
`5,621,727 A
`5/1997 Altom et al.
`5,627,978 A
`8/1997 Poggie et al.
`5,659,692 A
`10/1997 Linnert et al.
`5,682,469 A
`5,689,553 A * 1111997 Ahuja et al.
`111998 Keaten .
`5,713,019 A
`5,721,763 A
`2/1998 Joseph et al.
`5,724,508 A
`3/1998 Harple, Jr. et al.
`3/1998 Kuzma.
`5,729,684 A
`5,740,231 A
`4/1998 Cohn et al.
`5,754,775 A
`5/1998 Adamson et al.
`5,761,201 A
`6/1998 Vaudreuil
`5,771,355 A
`6/1998 Kuzma.
`5,774,668 A
`6/1998 Cho qui er et al.
`7/1998 Needham.
`5,784,568 A
`5,793,365 A *
`8/1998 Tang et al.
`5,794,006 A
`8/1998 Sandermah
`5,794,210 A
`8/1998 Goldhaber et al.
`5,799,151 A *
`8/1998 Hoffer
`5,801,700 A
`9/1998 Ferguson
`5,802,281 A
`9/1998 Clapp et al.
`5,812,552 A *
`9/1998 Arora et al.
`5,822,523 A
`10/1998 Rothschild et al.
`5,826,085 A * 10/1998 Bennett et al.
`1111998 Cragun et al.
`5,832,212 A
`5,850,442 A
`12/1998 Muftic
`5,880,731 A
`3/1999 Liles et al.
`5,889,843 A
`3/1999 Singer et al.
`5,894,321 A *
`4/1999 Downs eta!.
`5,894,556 A
`4/1999 Grimm et al.
`7/1999 Silverman et al.
`5,924,082 A
`5,933,599 A
`8/1999 Nolan
`5,941,947 A *
`8/1999 Brown eta!.
`5,951,694 A
`9/1999 Cho qui er et al.
`5,956,509 A
`9/1999 Kevner
`5,960,173 A
`9/1999 Tang et al.
`10/1999 Sanu et al.
`5,974,409 A
`5,987,401 A
`1111999 Trudeau
`6,064,723 A
`512000 Cohn et al.
`912000 Peckover
`6,119,101 A
`6,289,390 Bl
`9/2001 Kavner
`6,560,707 B2 *
`713/163
`5/2003 Curtis et al.
`6,692,359 Bl
`212004 Williams et al. ................ 463/42
`8,407,356 Bl
`3/2013 Marks
`
`705/37
`715/734
`709/225
`
`719/330
`
`707/3
`704/2
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Tak K Woo and Michael J. Rees, A Synchronous Collaboration Tool
`for the World Wide Web, The Proceedings of Second International
`WWW Conference: Mosaic and the Web, Jul. 1994, 10 pages.*
`VinodAnupam et al., SHASTRA-An architecture for Development
`of Collaborative Applications, Apr. 1993, IEEE, pp. 155-166. *
`Paul Tarau et al., LogiMOO: an Extensible Multi-User Virtual World
`with Natureal Language Control, The Journal of Logic Program(cid:173)
`ming, 1993, vol. 12, pp. 1-23.*
`"Microsoft NetMeeting Conferencing Spftware Provides Easy Voice,
`Dad Internet Communications; Available on the Web Now", May 29,
`1996,
`http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/ 1996/may96/
`INCONFPR.asp.
`"Mechanisms for Specifying and Describing the Format of Internet
`Message Bodies", Nathaniel Borenstein, Ned Freed, Jun. 1991, pp.
`1-40.
`"Network Security via Private-Key Certificates", Don Davis and
`Ralph Swick, pp. 1-4, Oct. 1990.
`"Discuss in Section 9", Athena Zepher and Kerberos, 1988, pp. 1-11.
`"www.cs.columbia.edu/-hgs/rpt/" complete printout of website,
`compiled Feb. 3, 2002.
`"History ofIRC", Daniel Stenberg, Version: 0.7-Jan. 8, 2002.
`"Index of /pub/academic/communications/logs/Gulf-War/", www.
`ibiblio.org/pub/academic/communicaations/logs/Gulf-War/desert(cid:173)
`storrn/O 1, retrieved May 2, 2002.
`
`Petitioner Microsoft Corporation, Ex. 1001, p. 2
`
`
`
`US 8,694,657 Bl
`Page 3
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Trzyna, Peter K., "Amendment After Final and Request for Recon(cid:173)
`sideration" filed Jan. 16, 2013, for U.S. Appl. No. 11/836,633, filed
`Aug. 9, 2007. pp. 1-14. USA.
`Trzyna, Peter K., "Amendment and Request for Reconsideration"
`filed Jul. 16, 2012, for U.S. Appl. No. 11/510,351, filed Aug. 24,
`2006. pp. 1-32. USA.
`T. Socolofsky et al., Request for Comments (RFC) 1180: A TCP/IP
`Tutorial, Network Working Group, Jan. 1991, pp. 1-29.
`J. Oikarinen et al., Request for Comments (RFC) 1459: Internet
`Relay Chat Protocol, Network Working Group, May 1993, pp. 1-66.
`Andreas Dieberger, Providing Spatial Navigation for the World Wide
`Web, Spatial Information theory a Theoretical Baisi for GIS, Lecture
`Notes in Computer Science, vol. 988, 1995, pp. 93-106.
`Lee Newberg et al., Integrating the World-Wide Web and Multi-User
`Domains to Support Advanced Network-Based Learning Experi(cid:173)
`ments, Conference Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 1995, pp. 494-499.
`TY Hou et al., An active multimedia System for Delayed Conferenc(cid:173)
`ing, Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on High-Speed Networking
`and Multimedia Computing, San Jose CA, 1994, pp. 97-104.
`Roy Rada and Claude Ghaoui. "Medical Multumedia" Intellect Ltd.
`Great Britain (1995) Suite 2, 108/110 London Road, Oxford OX3
`9AW.
`"CCCP: Conference Control Channel Protocol a Scalable Base for
`Building Conference Control Applications," Mark Handley et al.,
`Vl.4pp. l-18,Aug. 28-Sep. l, 1995.
`"CCCP: Conference Control Channel Protocol a Scalable Base for
`Building Conference Control Applications," Mark Handley et al., pp.
`1-13, Aug. 28-Sep. 1, 1995.
`"An Application Legel Video Gateway," Elan Amir et al., pp. 1-10,
`Aug. 28-Sep. 1, 1995.
`"Vic: A Flexible Framework for Packet Video," Steven McCanne, et
`al. pp. 1-12. Aug. 28-Sep. 1, 1995.
`"Argo: A System for Distributed Collaboration," Rania Gajewska, et
`al., 8 pages, ACM Multimedia 1994.
`"Scalable Feedback Control for Multicast Wideo Distribution in the
`Internet," Jean-Chrysostome Bolot, et al., 10 Pages, Proceedings of
`SIGCOMM '94, ACM.
`"Argohalls: Adding Support for Group Awareness to the Argo
`Telecollaboration System," Rania Gajewska, et al., 2 Pages, Nov.
`13-17, 1995.
`"PSSST: Side Conversations in the Argo Telecollaboration System,"
`Lance Berc, et al. 2 Pages. Nov. 14-17, 1995.
`"A World-Wide Web User Interface for an Electronic Meeting Tool,"
`Michael J. Rees and TakK. Woo, Howard& Lueng, Nov. 28-Dec. 1,
`1994, pp. 187-192.
`Rules for IRC networking-Ratified Jul. 6, 1994; Edited Jun. 29 by
`#EU-Opers.
`!RC-Internet Relay Chat, doc/MANUAL; Copyright 1990, Karl
`Kleinpaste.
`Undemet IRC FAQ (Part !).(updated Jul. 28, 1995)-Weekly Report.
`UndemetIRC FAQ (Part II) (updated Jul. 28, 1995)-Weekly Report.
`A short IRC primer; Edition I.lb, Feb. 28, 1993.
`Internet Relay Chat Protocol; J. Oikarinen, D. Reed; May 1993.
`Electropolis: Communication and Community on Internet Relay
`Chat; Elizabeth M. Reid 1991.
`CU-SeeMe, Updated: Thursday Dec. 21, 1995.
`Real Time Groupware on the Information Highway, Saul Greenberg,
`Deparrment of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Alberta
`Canada (1994).
`Real Time Groupware as a Distributed System: Concurrently Control
`and Its Effect on the the Interface, Saul Greenberg and David
`Marwood, Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary,
`Alberta Canada (1994).
`A Groupware Environment for Complete Meetings, Ted O'Grady
`and Saul Greenberg, The University of Calgary, Alberta Canada
`(1992).
`
`Group Kit a Groupware Toolkit for Building Real-Time Conferenc(cid:173)
`ingApplications, Mark Roseman and Saul Greenberg, Department of
`Computer Science, University of Calgary, Alberta Canada, CSCW 92
`Proceedings (1992).
`Issues and Experiences Designing and Implementing Two Group
`Drawing Tools. Saul Greenberg, Mark Roseman, David Webster and
`Ralph Bohnet , Department of Computer Science, University of
`Calgary, Alberta Canada (1992).
`Liveware: A New Approach to Sharing Data in Social Networks, Ian
`H. Witten, Computer Science, University of Calgary, Canada, Harold
`W. Thimbleby, Computing Science, Stirling University, Stiring,
`Scotland, UK, George Coulouris, Queen Mary and Westfield Collete,
`London, Saul Greenberg. Computer Science, University of Calgary,
`Calgary, Canada (Received May 1, 1990 and accepted in revised form
`Aug. 1, 1990).
`Groupsketch: A Mult-User Sketchpad for Geographically-Distrib(cid:173)
`uted Small Groups, Saul Greenberg, Department of Computer Sci(cid:173)
`ence, University of Calgary, Alberta Canada, Ralph Bohnet, MPR
`Te!Tech Ltd., Burnaby, Canada, CSCW (199l(b)).
`The World Wide Web Unleashed, John December and Neil Randall,
`SAMS Publishing, Indianapolis, IN, (1994).
`Plato: The Emergence of On-Line Community, Copyright 1994 by
`David R. Woolley, Matrix News, vol. 4, No. 1, (1994).
`Gtalk Owners Manual, David W. Jeske (1995).
`Muds Grow Up: Social Virtual Reality in the Real World; Pavel Curtis
`and David A. Nichols, Xerox Pare (1993).
`Collaborative Networked Communication: MUDS as Systems Tools,
`Remy Evard, 1993 Lisa, Nov. 1-5, 1993.
`Proceedings of the Seventh Systems Administration Conference
`(USA VII), Monterey. CA, USENIX Association, ( 1993) (One Page).
`The History of NWN, Neverwinter Nights Archive (1991-1997),
`netgamesn™Your Guide to the Games People Play on the Electronic
`Highway, A Michael Wolff Book, Kelly Maloni, Derek Baker and
`Nathaniel Wice.
`Baudy Tales From The Cyburbs: A Guide to On-Line Games,
`(includes related articles on UseNet Message Groups and Suggested
`reading (Evaluation) (Software Review), Full Text: Copyright 1994
`zdnet, Computer Gaming World, v 123 (1994).
`AMS: Area Message Service for SLC, M. Crane, R. Mackenzie, D.
`Millsom, M. Zelazny, Stamford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford
`University, Stanford, CA, PAC (1993).
`An Experimental Multi-Media Bridging System, E.J. Addeo, A.B.
`Dayao, A.D. Gelman, V.F. Massa, Bell Communications Research,
`Morristown, NJ, ACM (1988).
`Quilt: A Collaborative Tool for Cooperative Writing, Robert S. Fish,
`Robert E. Kraut, Mary D. P. Leland, Bell Communications Research,
`Michael Cohen, University ofWashington, ACM (1988).
`RFC 1459 Internet Relay Chat Protocal, J. Oikarinen, D. Reed
`(1993).
`Groupware for Real-Time Drawing-A Designer's Guide, Saul
`Greenberg, Stephen Hayne, Roy Rada, McGraw-Hill Book Com(cid:173)
`pany, Berkshire, England (1995).
`Collaborative Document Production Using Quilt, Mary D.P. Leland,
`Robert S. Fish and Robert E. Kraut, Bell Communications Research,
`Inc, Morristown, NJ ACM (1988).
`The Rapport Multimedia Conferencing System, S.R. Ahuja, J. Rob(cid:173)
`ert Ensor and David N. Horn, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ,
`ACM (1988).
`Software Architecture for Integration of Video Services in the
`Etherphone System, P. Venkat Rangan, Member, IEEE, and Daniel C.
`Swinehart, Member, IEEE (1991).
`Multimedia Conferencing in the Etherphone Environment, Herrick
`V. Vin, Polle T. Zellweger, Daniel C. Swinehart, and P. Venkat
`Rangan, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, (1991).
`Tools for Supporting the Collaborative Process, James R. Rhyne,
`Catherine G. Wolf, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center,
`Yorktown Heights, NY, UIST (1992).
`System Support for Computer Multimedia Collaborations, Harrick
`M. Vin, P. Venkrat Rangan, University of California at San Diego,
`LaJolla, CA, Mon-Song Chen, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center,
`Yorktown Heights, NY, CSCW 92 Proceedings (1992).
`
`Petitioner Microsoft Corporation, Ex. 1001, p. 3
`
`
`
`US 8,694,657 Bl
`Page 4
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Collaboration in KMS, A Shared Hypermedia System, Elise Yoder,
`Robert Aksyn, Donald McCracken, Knowledge Systems Incorpo(cid:173)
`rated, Murrysville, PA, ACM (1989).
`The Rendezvousd Architecture and Language for Constructing
`Multiuser Applications, Ralph D. Hill, Tom Brinck, Steven Rohall,
`John F. Patterson and Wayne Wilner, ACM Transactions on Com(cid:173)
`puter-Human Interaction, vol. 1, No. 2 (1994).
`Collaboration Support Provisions
`in Augment, Douglas C.
`Engelhart, Tymshare, Inc. (1983).
`Building Real-Time Groupware With Groupkit, A Groupware
`Toolkit, Mark Roseman and Saul Greenberg, University of Calgary,
`ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol. 3, No. 1,
`(1996).
`Architecture for a Multimedia Teleconferencing System, L. Aguilar,
`J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, D. Moran, E.J. Craighill, R. Brungardt,
`Information Services and Technology Center, SSRI International,
`Menlo Park, CA, ACM (1986).
`Special Issue on CSCW: Part 1, Human and Technical Factors of
`Distributed Group Drawing Tools, Saul Greenberg, Mark Roseman,
`Dave Webster and Ralph Bohnet, Interacting With Computers, vol. 4,
`No. 3 (1992).
`Design of a Multi-Media Vehicale for Social Browsing, Robert W.
`Root, Bell Communications Research, NJ, ACM (1988).
`Supporting Collaborative Writing ofHyperdocuments in Sepia, Jorg
`M. Haake and Brian Wilson, GMD-IPSI, Federal Republic of Ger(cid:173)
`many, CSCW 92 Proceedings (1992).
`Filling Html Forms Simultaneously: Coweb-Architecture and Func(cid:173)
`tionality, Stephen Jacobs, Michael Gebhardt, Stefanie Kethers,
`Wojtek Rzasa, RWTH Aachen, Informatik V, Fifth International
`World Wide Web Conference, Paris, France (May 1996).
`Webchat 0.2 Source Distribution, e-mail from Michael Fremont,
`Internet Roundtable Society, dated Feb. 10, 1995.
`Supporting Development of Synchronous Collaboration Tools on the
`Web With Groco, Michael Walther, Proceedings of the ERCIM work(cid:173)
`shop on CSCW and the Web, Sankt Augustin, Germany (Feb. 7-9,
`1996).
`The University of Calgary, Design of Real-Time Groupware Toolkit,
`Mark Roseman, A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate
`Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
`Master of Science, Department of Computer Science, Calgary,
`Alberta (Feb. 1993).
`Session Management for Collaborative Applications, W. Keith
`Edwards, Graphics, Visualization & Usability Center College of
`Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, Association for
`Computer Machinery, Published in Proceedings of the ACM Confer(cid:173)
`ence on Computer-/ supported Work (CSCW '94).
`Social Activity Indicators: Interface Components for CSCW Sys(cid:173)
`tems, Mark S. Ackerman, Brian Starr, Department oflnformation and
`Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, UIST (No. 14-17
`(1995).
`Social Activity Indicators: Interface Components for CSCW Sys(cid:173)
`tems, Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Pro(cid:173)
`
`ceedings of the 81h Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface and
`Software Technology, Pittsburgh, PA (1995).
`Distview: Support for Building Efficient Collaborative Applications
`Using Replicated Objects, Atul Prakash and Hyong Sop Shim, Soft(cid:173)
`ware Systems Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engi(cid:173)
`neering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, MI ACM
`(1994).
`Gtalk Source License Agreement, David W. Jeske, Jun. 2, 1998).
`Englehart Douglas C.: "Authorship Provisions in AUGMENT'
`COMPCON '84 Digest Proceedings of the COMPCON Conference,
`San Francisco, CA, Feb. 27-Mar. 1, 1984, pp. 465-472.
`Englehart, Douglas C.: "Toward High-Performance Knowledge
`Workers," OAC '82 Digest, Proceedings of the AFIPS Office Auto(cid:173)
`mation Conference, San Francisco, CA, Apr. 5-7, 1982, pp. 279-290.
`Lee, Andrew: "Anonymous collaboration: An alternative technique
`for working together" ACM SIGCHI Bulletin vol. 26 ,Issue 3, Jul.
`1994, pp. 40-46.
`
`Abdel-Wahab, Hussein: "Reliable Information Service for Internet
`Computer Conferencing" Proceedings , Second Workshop on
`Enabling Technologies Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises,
`IEEE Comput. Soc. Press, 1993, pp. 128-142.
`French, Robert Set al: "The Zephyr Progranuner's Manual'' Protocol
`Version ZEPH0.2, Apr. 5, 1989.
`Permann, Carla J.:"Distributed consulting in a distributed environ(cid:173)
`ment" New Centerings in Computing Services, Proceedings of the
`18th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services Cincinnati,
`Ohio, United States, 1990 pp. 117-120.
`Cohen, Abbe: "Inessential Zephyr" The Student Information Pro(cid:173)
`cessing Board, Aug. 23. 1993.
`French, Robert /mit/zephyr/repository/zephyr/clients/zaway/zaway.
`c, v $; Copyright (c) 1987, 1993 by the Massachusetts Institute of
`Technology.
`Sunkavally, Net al: "Using MIT's Athena Computing System" The
`Tech, vol. 119, No. 39, Thursday, Sep. 2, 1999.
`Tony Della Fera et al.: "Zephyr-Sephyr Notification Service" MIT
`Project Athena (Jul. 1, 1988) Zephyr Notification Service.
`Horus: A Flexible Group Communications System, Robbed van
`Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, and Silvano Maffeis, Communications
`of the ACN, Apr. 1996, vol. 39, No. 4.
`French Robert S.: "Zaway-tell other people via Zephyr that you
`aren't around" MIT Project Athena, Jul. 1, 1988.
`Kurlander, David et al: "Comic Chat" Proceedings of SIG(cid:173)
`GRAPH'96 (New Orleans, Aug. 1996), Computer Graphics Proceed(cid:173)
`ings, Annual Conference Series, pp. 225-236, New York, 1996, ACM
`SIGGRAPH.
`Maes, P: "Artificial Life meets Entertainment: Interacting with Life(cid:173)
`like Autonomous Agents", In: Special Issue on New Horizons of
`Commercial and Industrial Al 38, 11 (1995) 108-114, Communica(cid:173)
`tions of the ACM, ACM Press.
`Walker, Janet H. et al: "Using a Human Face in an Interface", ACM
`Human Factors in Computing Systems. Apr. 24-28, 1994 pp. 85-91.
`"Visual Dialog Showing Speech Interaction with an Intelligent
`Agent" IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletine, vol. 39, No. 1, Jan.
`1996, pp. 237-239.
`An Intelligent Network Service Prototype Using Knowledge Pro(cid:173)
`cessing, Int. Conf. on Tools for Al ( 1991 ).
`Julia's Home Page, Julie, a Chatterbot (Dec. 19, 1994).
`Chatterbots, Tinymuds, and the Turing Test, Entering the Loehner
`Price Competition (Jan. 24, 1994).
`Entertaining Agents: Julia (1993).
`What is an Agent, Anyway? A Sociological Case Study, Leonard N.
`Foner, (May 1993).
`Social Activity Indicators: Interface Components for CSCW Sys(cid:173)
`tems, Mark S. Ackerman and Brian Starr, Dept. of Info. and Com(cid:173)
`puter Science, Univ. of California, Irvine (Nov. 14-17, 1995) UIST
`'95.
`Software Secretaries: Learning and Negotiating Personal Assistants
`forthe Daily Office Work, Siegfried Bocionek, Siemens AG, Munich.
`Germany (1994 IEEE).
`MUDs in Education: New Environments, New Pedagogies, Tari Lin
`Fanderclai, Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine, vol. 2,
`No. 1, Jan. 1, 1995.
`The Evolution of Intercat-Scale Event Notification Services: Past,
`Present and Future, Adam Rifkin and Rohit Khare, Aug. 10, 1998.
`The Zephyr Help Assistance: Promoting Ongoing Activity in a
`CSCW System; Mark Ackerman and Leysia Palen, Department of
`Information and Computer Science, University of Calioromia, Irvine
`(to appear in the Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human
`Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '96)).
`The Zephyr Notification Service, C. Anthony DellaFera et al., Digital
`Equipment Corp., Project Athena, Massachusetts Institute of Tech(cid:173)
`nology, Cambridge, MA, 1996.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "Complaint" filed Jun. 24, 2004.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "Notice of Claim Involving a Patent" filed Jun. 24,
`2004.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "First Amended Answer to the Complaint, and Coun(cid:173)
`terclaim of Defendant America Online, Inc." filed Sep. 14, 2004.
`
`Petitioner Microsoft Corporation, Ex. 1001, p. 4
`
`
`
`US 8,694,657 Bl
`Page 5
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4 240, "Plaintiffs Reply to the First Amended Counterclaim
`of Defendant America Online, Inc." filed Sep. 28, 2004.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "AOL's Supplemental Response to Plaintiff Windy
`City Innovations, LLC's First Set of Interrogatories (No. 4)" dated
`Apr. 29, 2005.
`"Internet hasn't focused on good photography as much as it could"
`Article, The Dallas Morning News, Sep. 1995 (AOL-B 0001478).
`"Group dynamics add fun to guided online tours" Article, USA
`Today, Oct. 1995 (AOL-B 0001479).
`"People with addictions band together for support on line", Article,
`Jun. 1995 (AOL-B 0001480).
`"Netscape Communications Introduces Netscape Internet Applica(cid:173)
`tions Family for Electronic Commerce" Netscape Company Press
`Relations, Mar. 1995 (AOL-B 0005712-0005713).
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "Expert Report of Bruce M. Maggs" dated Aug. 5,
`2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "Supplemental Rebuttal Expert of Bruce M. Maggs
`Regarding Invalidity of U.S. Patent 5,956,491" dated Sep. 26, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, Rebuttal Expert Report of Bruce M. Maggs Regard(cid:173)
`ing Invalidity of U.S. Patent 5,956,491 dated Aug. 28, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, AOL's Supplemental Response to Plaintiff Windy
`City Innovations, LLC's First Set of Interrogatories (No. 4) dated
`Apr. 29, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, AOL's Second Supplemental Response to Plaintiff
`Windy City Innovations, LLC's First Set of Interrogatories (No. 4)
`dated May 20, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, AOL's Third Supplemental Response to Plaintiff
`Windy City Innovations, LLC's First Set of Interrogatories (No. 4)
`dated Aug. 11, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, AOL's Fourth Supplemental Response to Plaintiff
`Windy City Innovations, LLC's First Set of Interrogatories (No. 4)
`dated Sep. 20, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, AOL's Fifth Supplemental Response to Plaintiff
`Windy City Innovations, LLC's First Set of Interrogatories (No. 4)
`dated Sep. 27, 2005.
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "Declaration of Mr. David W. Jeske" dated Jun. 6,
`2005.
`"Netscape adds tools," Responsive Database Services, Inc., Press
`Release Mar. 1995 (Aol 1206861-1206862).
`"Netscape communications introduces Netscape interne applications
`family for electronic commerce," PR Newswire Association Inc.
`Press Release, Mar. 1995 (AOL 1206863-1206864).
`Full Scale Commerce With Netscape, Business Communications
`Co., Press Release, Apr. 1995 (AOL 1206865-1206866).
`"Netscape spins Web extensions; adds firewall, Usenet servers, elec(cid:173)
`tronic shopping software Netscape Communications Proxy Server,
`Isore, Merchant System, Publishing System, Community System,"
`Information Access Company, Apr. 1995 (AOL 1206867-1206868).
`"Netscape offers bookmark, chat services on Web," Info World Media
`Group, Aug. 1995 (AOL 1206869).
`"Netscape for Windows 95 Announced," Newsweek Business Infor(cid:173)
`mation, Inc., Aug. 1995 (AOL 1206870-1206873).
`"Netscape introduces Netscape Smartrnarks and Netscape Chat;
`Applications Bring New Navigation and Communications Capabili(cid:173)
`ties to Users of Netscape Navigator for Windows," Netscape Chat
`Help Contents (AOL 613173-613243).
`
`Windy City Innovations, LLC v. America Online, Inc., Civil Action
`No. 04 C 4240, "AOL's Second Supplemental Response to Plaintiff
`Windy City Innovations, LLC's First Set oflnterrogatories (No. 4)"
`dated Mat 20, 2005.
`Netscape, "Net scape Power Pack Bookmarks, Chat, and Multimedia
`Add-Ons''. (AOL 613167-613172).
`Netscape, "Netscape Announces Add-On Product Suite for Popular
`Netscape Navigator Software, Netscape Power Pack Includes
`Netscape SmartMarks, Netscape Chat and Multimedia Add-On
`Applications From Adobe, Apple, and Progressive Networks" Press
`Release, May 11, 2005, pp. 1-3. (AOL 613244-613246).
`PR Newswire Assoc., Inc. "Netscape Announces Add-On Product
`Suite for Popular Netscape Navigator Software" Article, Oct. 25,
`1999, pp. 1-2. (AOL 613247-613248).
`Netscape, "Netscape Chat Help Contents" Manual. (AOL 613173-
`613243).
`Wired Channeling "Tips for Foiling the NSA" Article, Jan. 1996, p.
`174. (AOL469104-469105).
`Flash News "Market Support News, Jacksonville Update" Article,
`May 19, 1995, pp. 1-4, (AOL 469106-469109).
`Palfreyman, et al., "A Protocol for User Awareness on the World Wide
`Web", Article, 1996, pp. 130-139. (AOL 469110-469119).
`Robinett, "Interactivity and Individual Viewpoint in Shared Virtual
`Worlds: The Big Screen vs. Networked Personal Displays", Article,
`Computer Graphics, vol. 28, No. 2, May 1994, pp. 127-130. (AOL
`074871-074974).
`Ohya, et al., "Real-Time Reproduction of 3D Human Images in
`Virtual Space Teleconferencing", Article, pp. 408-414. (AOL
`074875-074881).
`Fukuda, et al., "Hypermedia Personal Computer Communication
`System: Fujitsu Habitat", Fujitsu Sci. Tech. J. Oct. 1990, vol. 26, No.
`3, pp. 197-206. (AOL 074882-074893).
`Carlsson, "DIVE-a Multi-User Virtual Reality System", Article,
`IEEE 1993, pp. 394-400. (AOL 074894-074900).
`Benford, et al., "Supporting Cooperative Work in Virtual Environ(cid:173)
`ments", The Computer Journal, vol. 37, No. 8, 1994, pp. 653-668.
`(AOL 074901-074916).
`Berlage, et al., "A Framework for Shared Applications With a Rep(cid:173)
`licated Architecture", Article, Nov. 3-5, 1993, pp. 249-257. (AOL
`075027-075035).
`Sohlenkamp, "A Virtual Office Environment Supporting Shared
`Applications", Article, Feb. 7-11, 1994. (AOL