111111
`
`1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US007915631B2
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Shimizu et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`Mar.29,2011
`
`(54) LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE AND DISPLAY
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Yoshinori Shimizu, Tokushima (JP);
`Kensho Sakano, Arran (JP); Yasunobu
`Noguchi, Tokushima (JP); Toshio
`Moriguchi, Arran (JP)
`
`(73) Assignee: Nichia Corporation, Anan-shi (JP)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 90 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 12/548,618
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Aug. 27, 2009
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2010/0006819 Al
`
`Jan. 14,2010
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(62) Division of application No. 12/028,062, filed on Feb.
`8, 2008, now Pat. No. 7,682,848, which is a division of
`application No. 10/609,402, filed on Jul. 1, 2003, now
`Pat. No. 7,362,048, which is a division of application
`No. 09/458,024, filed on Dec. 10, 1999, now Pat. No.
`6,614,179, which is a division of application No.
`09/300,315, filed on Apr. 28, 1999, now Pat. No.
`6,069,440, which is a division of application No.
`08/902,725, filed on Jul. 29, 1997, now Pat. No.
`5,998,925.
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Jul. 29, 1996
`Sep. 17, 1996
`Sep. 18, 1996
`Dec. 27, 1996
`Mar. 31, 1997
`
`(JP) .................................... P 8-198585
`(JP) .................................... P 8-244339
`(JP) .................................... P 8-245381
`(JP) .................................... P 8-359004
`(JP) .................................... P 9-081010
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`HOJL29122
`
`(2006.01)
`
`(52) U.S. Cl. ...... 257/98; 257/99; 257/100; 257/E33.061
`(58) Field of Classification Search .................... 257/98,
`257/13, 99, 100, 101, E33.061
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
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`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner- Michael Trinh
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm- Birch Stewart Kolasch &
`Birch, LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A light emitting device containing a semiconductor light
`emitting component and a phosphor, the phosphor is capable
`of absorbing a part of light emitted by the light emitting
`component and emitting light of a wavelength different from
`that of the absorbed light, is provided. A straight line connect(cid:173)
`ing a point of chromaticity corresponding to a spectrum gen(cid:173)
`erated by the light emitting component and a point of chro(cid:173)
`maticity corresponding to a spectrum generated by the
`phosphor is substantially along a black body radiation locus
`in a chromaticity diagram.
`
`14 Claims, 19 Drawing Sheets
`
`101
`
`Vizio EX1001 Page 0001
`
`

`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`Page 2
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0003
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`

`
`US 7,915,631 B2
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`
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`
`Vizio EX1001 Page 0004
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 1 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.1
`
`100
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`101
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`104
`
`102
`
`105a} 105
`1.05b
`
`Fig.2
`200
`
`203
`
`201
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`204
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`205
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0005
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`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 2 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`h
`
`!\
`
`I\
`
`1/
`1/
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`1/
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`
`400
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`300
`Excitation spectrum
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`Fig.3A
`100 -
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`Relative 50
`intensity
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`(%)
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`200
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`100
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0006
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`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 3 of 19
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`U.S. Patent
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`Mar.29,2011
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`Sheet 4 of 19
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0008
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 5 of 19
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0009
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`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 6 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0010
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 7 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
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`Fig. tO
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0011
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`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 29, 2011
`
`Sheet 8 of 19
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0012
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 29, 2011
`
`Sheet 9 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.13A
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0013
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 10 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.14A
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`Weathering test
`100 pc::---------------
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0014
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 11 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.15A
`
`Reliability test
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0015
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 12 of 19
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`
`U.S. Patent
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`Mar.29,2011
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`Sheet 13 of 19
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`US 7,915,631 B2
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`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 14 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0018
`
`

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`e. 80
`..-.90
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 15 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.19A
`100
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0019
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 16 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.20A
`
`100
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0020
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 17 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.21A
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0021
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 18 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`Fig.22A
`100
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0022
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.29,2011
`
`Sheet 19 of 19
`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
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`Vizio EX1001 Page 0023
`
`

`
`US 7,915,631 B2
`
`1
`LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE AND DISPLAY
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a divisional ofU.S. application Ser. No.
`12/028,062 filed Feb. 8, 2008 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,682,848,
`which is a divisional ofU.S. application Ser. No. 10/609,402
`filed Jul. 1, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,362,048, which is a
`divisional ofU.S. application Ser. No. 09/458,024, filed Dec.
`10, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,614,179, which is a divisional
`of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/300,315, filed on Apr. 28,
`1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,069,440, which is a divisional of
`U.S. application Ser. No. 08/902,725, filed on Jul. 29, 1997,
`now U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,925, which also claims priority on 15
`Japanese Patent Application Nos. P 08-198585 filed Jul. 29,
`1996; P 08-244339 filed Sep. 17, 1996; P 08-245381 filed
`Sep. 18, 1996; P 08-359004 filed Dec. 27, 1996; and P
`09-081010 filed Mar. 31, 1997. The entire contents of each of
`these applications is hereby incorporated by reference.
`
`10
`
`2
`emitting diodes are effective as light emitting devices for
`generating individual colors, although a satisfactory light
`source capable of emitting white light by using light emitting
`components has not been obtained so far.
`In order to solve these problems, the present applicant
`previously developed light emitting diodes which convert the
`color oflight, which is emitted by light emitting components,
`by means of a fluorescent material disclosed in Japanese
`PatentKokai Nos. 5-152609,7-99345,7-176794 and 8-7614.
`The light emitting diodes disclosed in these publications are
`such that, by using light emitting components of one kind, are
`capable of generating light of white and other colors, and are
`constituted as follows.
`The light emitting diode disclosed in the above gazettes are
`made by mounting a light emitting component, having a large
`energy band gap of light emitting layer, in a cup provided at
`the tip of a lead frame, and having a fluorescent material that
`absorbs light emitted by the light emitting component and
`20 emits light of a wavelength different from that of the absorbed
`light (wavelength conversion), contained in a resin mold
`which covers the light emitting component.
`The light emitting diode disclosed as described above
`capable of emitting white light by mixing the light of a plu-
`25 rality of sources can be made by using a light emitting com(cid:173)
`ponent capable of emitting blue light and molding the light
`emitting component with a resin including a fluorescent
`material that absorbs the light emitted by the blue light emit-
`ting diode and emits yellowish light.
`However, conventional light emitting diodes have such
`problems as deterioration of the fluorescent material leading
`to color tone deviation and darkening of the fluorescent mate(cid:173)
`rial resulting in lowered efficiency of extracting light. Dark(cid:173)
`ening here refers to, in the case of using an inorganic fluores-
`35 cent material such as (Cd, Zn)S fluorescent material, for
`example, part of metal elements constituting the fluorescent
`material precipitate or change their properties leading to col(cid:173)
`oration, or, in the case of using an organic fluorescent mate(cid:173)
`rial, coloration due to breakage of double bond in the mol-
`40 ecule. Especially when a light emitting component made of a
`semiconductor having a high energy band gap is used to
`improve the conversion efficiency of the fluorescent material
`(that is, energy of light emitted by the semiconductor is
`increased and number of photons having energies above a
`45 threshold which can be absorbed by the fluorescent material
`increases, resulting in more light being absorbed), or the
`quantity of fluorescent material consumption is decreased
`(that is, the fluorescent material is irradiated with relatively
`higher energy), light energy absorbed by the fluorescent
`50 material inevitably increases resulting in more significant
`degradation of the fluorescent material. Use of the light emit(cid:173)
`ting component with higher intensity oflight emission for an
`extended period of time causes further more significant deg(cid:173)
`radation of the fluorescent material.
`Also the fluorescent material provided in the vicinity of the
`light emitting component may be exposed to a high tempera(cid:173)
`ture such as rising temperature of the light emitting compo(cid:173)
`nent and heat transmitted from the external environment (for
`example, sunlight in case the device is used outdoors).
`Further, some fluorescent materials are subject to acceler-
`ated deterioration due to combination of moisture entered
`from the outside or introduced during the production process,
`the light and heat transmitted from the light emitting compo(cid:173)
`nent.
`When it comes to an organic dye of ionic property, direct
`current electric field in the vicinity of the chip may cause
`electrophoresis, resulting in a change in the color tone.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to a light emitting diode used
`in LED display, back light source, traffic signal, trailway
`signal, illuminating switch, indicator, etc. More particularly,
`it relates to a light emitting device (LED) comprising a phos(cid:173)
`phor, which converts the wavelength of light emitted by a
`light emitting component and emits light, and a display 30
`device using the light emitting device.
`2. Description of Related Art
`A light emitting diode is compact and emits light of clear
`color with high efficiency. It is also free from such a trouble as
`bum-out and has good initial drive characteristic, high vibra(cid:173)
`tion resistance and durability to endure repetitive ON/OFF
`operations, because it is a semiconductor element. Thus it has
`been used widely in such applications as various indicators
`and various light sources. Recently light emitting diodes for
`RGB (red, green and blue) colors having ultra-high lumi(cid:173)
`nance and high efficiency have been developed, and large
`screen LED displays using these light emitting diodes have
`been put into use. The LED display can be operated with less
`power and has such good characteristics as light weight and
`long life, and is therefore expected to be more widely used in
`the future.
`Recently, various attempts have been made to make white
`light sources by using light emitting diodes. Because the light
`emitting diode has a favorable emission spectrum to generate
`monochromatic light, making a light source for white light
`requires it to arrange three light emitting components ofR, G
`and B closely to each other while diffusing and mixing the
`light emitted by them. When generating white light with such
`an arrangement, there has been such a problem that white
`light of the desired tone cannot be generated due to variations 55