EPRI | Our History
`
`12/12/16, 4:09 PM
`
`Our History
`In November 1965 the Great Northeastern Blackout left 30 million
`people in the United States without electricity, starkly
`demonstrating the nation’s growing dependence on electricity and
`vulnerability to its loss. It marked a watershed for the industry and
`triggered the creation of the Electric Power Research Institute
`(EPRI).
`
`Although power was largely restored within 12 hours, the ripple
`effects of public and political scrutiny continued for years. Some in
`the U.S. Congress were troubled by the nation’s dependence on a
`fragmented industry for which there was no unified planning. How
`could thousands of utilities be physically integrated and relied
`upon to operate as a unified system?
`
`Dr. Chauncey Starr, who served a critical management role in the
`Manhattan Project, and who was an innovator of commercial
`nuclear technology and risk management, answered the call by
`Congress to create an independent research and development
`organization to support the electricity industry and address major
`issues. Since its beginnings in 1972, the Electric Power Research
`Institute’s membership has grown to represent approximately 90%
`of the electricity generated in the United States and extends to
`more than 30 countries internationally.
`
`Much has changed in the electricity industry with advances in such
`technologies as renewable energy, environmental controls, and
`the smart grid. The opportunities for innovation and the challenges
`facing utilities are more diverse than ever. But our commitment to
`objectivity without advocacy remains unchanged, and the need
`continues for technological innovation, thought leadership and
`technical expertise. Our research portfolio addresses a range of
`issues that change with the times and the technology, even as the
`underlying expectations remain constant for electricity that is
`affordable, reliable and environmentally responsible.
`
`http://www.epri.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-Story.aspx
`
`Page 1 of 3
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 1
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`EPRI | Our History
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`12/12/16, 4:09 PM
`
`Welcome to EPRI's Charlotte Re…
`
`http://www.epri.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-Story.aspx
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`Page 2 of 3
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 2
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`EPRI | Our History
`
`12/12/16, 4:09 PM
`
`EPRI 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304 © Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. 2001-2016 All rights reserved
`
`http://www.epri.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-Story.aspx
`
`Page 3 of 3
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 3
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`

`
`EPRI | Our Business
`
`12/12/16, 4:03 PM
`
`
`
`Our Business
`The Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. conducts research and
`development relating to the generation, delivery and use of
`electricity for the benefit of the public. An independent, nonprofit
`organization, we bring together scientists and engineers as well as
`experts from academia and the industry to help address
`challenges in electricity.
`
`Our research provides both short- and long-term solutions that
`enable the transformation of power systems to be more flexible,
`resilient and connected. Our ultimate goal is to provide society with
`safe, reliable, affordable and environmentally responsible
`electricity.
`
`For more information, read our short “Introducing EPRI” sheet or view our detailed 2017 Research Portfolio.
`
`Our Value
`
`Thought Leadership—thinking ahead to identify issues, technology gaps, and broader needs that can be addressed
`by effective research, development, and demonstration programs.
`Industry Expertise—providing expertise across all major technical disciplines and from every stage of electricity
`generation, transmission, distribution, and end use.
`Collaborative Value—bringing together our members and diverse scientific and technical communities to shape and
`drive research and development in the electricity sector.
`
`Supplier Code of Conduct
`
`As a non-profit scientific research organization, EPRI is committed to our core values which include integrity,
`objectivity, and public benefit. We aspire to interact and transact with honesty, transparency, fairness, and
`respect. Every action we take must be conducted ethically and beyond reproach. We conduct every aspect of
`our business free from favoritism, self-interest, and aim to avoid bias in judgment. Our actions and decisions
`demonstrate corporate responsibility which ultimately benefits society. This Supplier Code of Conduct expresses
`the expectations we hold for our vendors, contractors, and suppliers, and mirrors the standards we set for our
`own employees and other business associates. Thank you for your shared commitment to meeting these
`principles.
`
`Click the link below to view the entire document:
`
`http://www.epri.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-Business.aspx
`
`Page 1 of 2
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 4
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`EPRI | Our Business
`
`EPRI Supplier Code of Conduct
`
`12/12/16, 4:03 PM
`
`EPRI 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304 © Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. 2001-2016 All rights reserved
`
`http://www.epri.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-Business.aspx
`
`Page 2 of 2
`
`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 5
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`

`
`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:03 PM
`
`
`
`Electricity Generation
`
`Electricity generation and distribution has been described as the most important technology development in
`human history. Electricity is an essential part of today's society and culture and plays a role in almost every
`human activity and advancement.
`
`The technologies used to generate electricity today derive their energy from three groups of resources – fossil
`fuels, such as coal, natural gas and oil; nuclear materials; and renewable sources, including solar, wind,
`hydropower, geothermal and biomass energy.
`
`Fossil fuels have been an integral component of the power generation portfolio since commercial electricity's
`inception in the late nineteenth century. Today, fossil fuel plants account for more than 60 percent of the
`world's electricity production and are a reliable source of power with low operating costs. Research and
`development efforts can help utilities reduce emissions from current assets and build new and increasingly
`efficient and operationally flexible generating units with advanced emissions control technologies.
`
`The commercial use of nuclear energy to generate electricity began in the 1950s and currently accounts for
`about 14% of the world's electricity production. More than 400 nuclear reactors operate around the world in 30
`countries, and several more countries are pursuing nuclear power. Nuclear power plants are reliable
`generation sources, often operating for 18-24 months without shutting down. Further, because the energy is
`derived from the fission of a nucleus and not from chemical combustion, emissions are minimal. Research and
`technology can help address the key challenges of high capital costs, management of radioactive waste, and
`the aging of plant components and materials.
`
`Evolving energy policies, changes in power markets and rapid technology improvements make it ever more
`important for electricity generators to include and expand renewable generation resources in their asset mix.
`As these renewable resources become increasingly integrated with the grid, environmental impacts relative to
`land use, vegetation management, species and ecosystem interaction and human health and safety must be
`considered. EPRI is assessing the status, performance, and cost of renewable generating technologies and
`providing a variety of critical information for the comparison, selection, operation and maintenance of these
`resources.
`
`Featured Research
`
`Ground-Based Wind Turbine
`Blade Inspection System
`Successfully Demonstrated at
`Duke Energy Wind Farm
`
`Can Future Coal Power Plants
`Meet CO2 Emission
`Standards Without Carbon
`Capture & Storage?
`
`This white paper discusses
`whether future coal-based power
`plants could achieve CO2
`standards without CCS.
`
`Advanced Coal Technology
`Roadmap
`
`This report identifies key
`research, development, and
`demonstration (RD&D) priorities
`for developing cost-effective,
`efficient, and environmentally
`compliant technologies that
`convert coal to electricity and
`other useful forms of energy and
`manufacturing feedstocks.
`
`Contact
`
`For more information please contact:
`
`Jeff Brehm
`Communications Manager, Fossil
`Fuels and Renewables
`Phone: 704-595-2521
`Email: jbrehm@epri.com
`
`Renita Crawford
`Communications Manager, Nuclear
`Phone: 704-595-2888
`Email: rcrawford@epri.com ​
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 1 of 3
`
`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 6
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`

`
`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:03 PM
`
`Fossil Fuels
`
`Nuclear
`
`Renewables
`
`Advanced Coal; Carbon Capture and Storage:
`EPRI's research in advanced coal plants helps to accelerate the development and commercial application of future coal-based power generation that includes carbon
`capture technologies. New plant concepts and designs address the challenges of deploying these technologies, including technical risks and economic and environmental
`performance.
`
`Combustion Turbines:
`Power generation from natural-gas-powered combustion turbine plants is growing rapidly, especially in the U.S. due to the increased worldwide supply of natural gas fuel
`and from the continued pressure to limit the use of coal-based power plants. They also benefit from their greater ability to operate in cycling duty to accommodate the
`growing deployments of variable power sources such as wind and solar. EPRI research addresses critical issues affecting combustion turbines such as life-cycle costs,
`premature wear, failure risks and environmental impacts. This allows the owners and operators of these complex and increasingly important assets to effectively managing
`their risks, costs and availability.
`
`Environmental Controls:
`EPRI helps develop technology solutions to curb nitrous oxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SOx), particulates, mercury, and other organic and inorganic hazardous air pollutants
`(HAPs) emitted from fossil fuel plants. Our research aims to reduce CO2 emissions by optimizing fossil fuel combustion in a manner that minimizes impacts on power plant
`operations and performances. Predictive tools, databases, monitoring technologies, guidelines, and best practices help the industry reduce risks and objectively evaluate
`and implement technology options to achieve environmental performance goals that are cost effective
`
`Plant Reliability:
`Safety and availability loss due to mechanical failures are two key issues driving research and development on major fossil power plant components. EPRI provides data
`that measures material degradation on these critical plant components and further informs materials-related research and development for advanced generation
`technologies. These efforts help utilities balance the risks and costs of the largest, most costly equipment and focuses on using proven technologies to create solutions.
`
`Operations and Maintenance:
`Plant operators must continuously improve operations performance and shift from a reactive to proactive approach to maintenance to achieve reliability goals. EPRI's
`operations and maintenance research addresses the need to improve operational effectiveness and safety while reducing costs and providing technical support for the next
`generation of plant employees. These efforts offer integrated solutions that address the need for meaningful processes, technologies, and skilled individuals.
`
`Materials and Chemistry:
`Today's fossil power plants increasingly are adopting market-driven operating strategies such as cycling, pushing for maximum output during peak price periods, and
`frequent fuel switching to take advantage of spot market opportunities. These practices can accelerate m​​aterial damage in major power block components. Safety and
`availability loss due to failures are two key issues driving EPRI's research and development efforts, which include flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) mechanisms, materials
`selection guidance, corrosion mitigation methods, and repair and welding technologies needed to improve equipment performance and reliability, as well as advanced
`materials for new plants.
`
`Power Plant Water Management:
`As a limited resource with competing demands, water is becoming more strategically important to the electric power industry. Thermal electric power generation uses
`substantial amounts of water to provide cooling for power plants, and also discharges wastewater, which can be contaminated with metals and other dissolved and
`suspended solids. EPRI's Power Plant Water Management research is focused on ensuring the continued ability to generate electricity under increasing challenges to
`reduce water use and contamination.​
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 2 of 3
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 7
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`

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`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:03 PM
`
`EPRI 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304 © Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. 2001-2016 All rights reserved
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 3 of 3
`
`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 8
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`

`
`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:04 PM
`
`
`
`Electricity Generation
`
`Electricity generation and distribution has been described as the most important technology development in
`human history. Electricity is an essential part of today's society and culture and plays a role in almost every
`human activity and advancement.
`
`The technologies used to generate electricity today derive their energy from three groups of resources – fossil
`fuels, such as coal, natural gas and oil; nuclear materials; and renewable sources, including solar, wind,
`hydropower, geothermal and biomass energy.
`
`Fossil fuels have been an integral component of the power generation portfolio since commercial electricity's
`inception in the late nineteenth century. Today, fossil fuel plants account for more than 60 percent of the
`world's electricity production and are a reliable source of power with low operating costs. Research and
`development efforts can help utilities reduce emissions from current assets and build new and increasingly
`efficient and operationally flexible generating units with advanced emissions control technologies.
`
`The commercial use of nuclear energy to generate electricity began in the 1950s and currently accounts for
`about 14% of the world's electricity production. More than 400 nuclear reactors operate around the world in 30
`countries, and several more countries are pursuing nuclear power. Nuclear power plants are reliable
`generation sources, often operating for 18-24 months without shutting down. Further, because the energy is
`derived from the fission of a nucleus and not from chemical combustion, emissions are minimal. Research and
`technology can help address the key challenges of high capital costs, management of radioactive waste, and
`the aging of plant components and materials.
`
`Evolving energy policies, changes in power markets and rapid technology improvements make it ever more
`important for electricity generators to include and expand renewable generation resources in their asset mix.
`As these renewable resources become increasingly integrated with the grid, environmental impacts relative to
`land use, vegetation management, species and ecosystem interaction and human health and safety must be
`considered. EPRI is assessing the status, performance, and cost of renewable generating technologies and
`providing a variety of critical information for the comparison, selection, operation and maintenance of these
`resources.
`
`Featured Research
`
`Ground-Based Wind Turbine
`Blade Inspection System
`Successfully Demonstrated at
`Duke Energy Wind Farm
`
`Can Future Coal Power Plants
`Meet CO2 Emission
`Standards Without Carbon
`Capture & Storage?
`
`This white paper discusses
`whether future coal-based power
`plants could achieve CO2
`standards without CCS.
`
`Advanced Coal Technology
`Roadmap
`
`This report identifies key
`research, development, and
`demonstration (RD&D) priorities
`for developing cost-effective,
`efficient, and environmentally
`compliant technologies that
`convert coal to electricity and
`other useful forms of energy and
`manufacturing feedstocks.
`
`Contact
`
`For more information please contact:
`
`Jeff Brehm
`Communications Manager, Fossil
`Fuels and Renewables
`Phone: 704-595-2521
`Email: jbrehm@epri.com
`
`Renita Crawford
`Communications Manager, Nuclear
`Phone: 704-595-2888
`Email: rcrawford@epri.com ​
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 1 of 4
`
`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 9
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`

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`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:04 PM
`
`Fossil Fuels
`
`Nuclear
`
`Renewables
`
`Water Use:
`Advanced cooling, water treatment, and other innovations can help reduce freshwater use, enhance regulatory compliance, and support the siting of new generation
`capacity. Dew-point and thermosyphon cooling technologies, for example, could significantly reduce evaporative losses and makeup water requirements for plants with wet
`recirculating cooling towers.
`
`Acoustic Mouse:
`EPRI is developing a state-of-the-art handheld tool that could revolutionize the inspection of nuclear plant components. The acoustic mouse can deliver real-time ultrasonic
`images matching or exceeding the precision achieved by conventional techniques, at lower cost.
`
`Concrete Inspection:
`Improved inspection and asset management technologies are needed to address potential degradation of concrete structures. For example, the concrete crawler robot
`could provide fast, safe, and in-depth inspection of large, mission-critical structures.
`
`Powder Metallurgy:
`A manufacturing innovation being developed by EPRI can produce valve bodies and other complex components in near-final-shape form, accelerating fabrication,
`improving inspectability, and reducing life-cycle costs.
`
`Sensors and Operations:
`Existing sensors used in nuclear power plants are effective, but some have characteristics that can challenge reliability and performance. Hydrogen sensors, for example,
`are time-consuming to calibrate, and pressure sensors have many moving parts and require electricity in containment to operate. EPRI is investigating advanced
`technologies such as solid state hydrogen sensors and fiber-optic Bragg gate sensors that could avoid these limitations.
`
`Fuel and Waste
`
`Fuel Reliability:
`Safe, economic nuclear plant operation depends on the reliability of the nuclear fuel assemblies that are comprised of thousands of individual fuel rods. While rare, nuclear
`fuel failures can result in unplanned plant outages and tens of millions of dollars in replacement costs. EPRI conducts research aimed at identifying the underlying causes
`of fuel failures and developing guidelines that will ensure nuclear fuel assemblies function as intended. EPRI also investigates advanced fuel concepts that may enhance a
`nuclear plant's ability to cope during situations that challenge safety.
`
`Used Fuel Storage and Disposal:
`After powering a nuclear reactor for several years, used nuclear fuel must be carefully stored and managed prior to ultimate disposal. Because final disposal facilities are
`not yet operational around the world, nuclear plants must safely store used fuel on-site for many years. EPRI research examines the technical issues that may impact used
`fuel storage, transportation, and disposal, informing operational and regulatory decisions regarding such high-level waste management.
`
`Nuclear Waste Management:
`Nuclear plants generate "low-level" waste materials that have been contaminated with minor amounts of radioactive material or have become radioactive through exposure
`to neutron radiation. These materials – which include protective shoe covers and clothing, rags, filters, reactor water treatment residues, and other equipment and tools –
`must be handled and disposed of in a safe and cost-effective manner. EPRI research activities focus on minimizing the generation of low-level waste, developing guidance
`for on-site storage, and examining safe and effective alternatives to existing regulations.
`
`Accident-Tolerant Fuels:
`The Fukushima Daiichi event has raised interest in fuel designs with greater resistance to accident conditions. EPRI is investigating several fuel concepts that could replace
`some of the zirconium used in current designs with materials that melt at higher temperatures, potentially giving plant operators more time to take actions during an
`accident.
`
`Radiation and Safety
`
`Radiation Protection:
`To protect worker and public health, regulations establish limits on the amount of radiation that individuals can be exposed to in and around nuclear plants. Technologies
`and work practices can be employed to reduce how much radiation is produced from a given source and how much is transmitted to a given individual. EPRI research
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 2 of 4
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 10
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`

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`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:04 PM
`
`develops guidance, technologies, and operational practices to more aggressively reduce radiation fields at the source and to minimize worker dose to as low as reasonably
`achievable levels.
`
`Safety Assessment:
`An important element of safe nuclear plant operation involves the lowering of risks to certain events and scenarios. Opportunities to improve plant safety can occur via
`physical plant changes that directly reduce risks and through less tangible measures such as enhanced safety focus. EPRI research enables nuclear plants to perform
`rigorous safety assessments that can inform plant design and operation. EPRI's accident analysis code, for example, can be used to understand how an accident might
`progress, facilitating planning, training, and heightened emphasis on safe plant operation.
`
`Health Effects:
`Radiation, whether it's from the sun, from medical equipment, or from nuclear power plants, can have human health effects. Differences in radiation type, exposure time,
`time between exposures, and other factors can impact the degree of damage from radiation. EPRI conducts health effects research in targeted areas, such as the health
`effects associated with low-dose radiation and cancer in populations living near nuclear facilities.
`
`New Plant Deployment:
`More than 60 new nuclear plants are under construction around the world. Many more are in development. These plants must overcome a number of regulatory, economic,
`technical, and social challenges prior to licensing, construction and successful startup. Through its Advanced Nuclear Technology Program, EPRI focuses on developing
`the technologies and tools to support the safe, economic, and reliable deployment of advanced nuclear plants in the near term, while pursuing research to inform decisions
`regarding nuclear sustainability and growth in the long term.
`
`Advanced Light Water Reactors:
`The foreseeable future for nuclear power will be tied predominantly to advanced light water reactor designs. EPRI research helps accelerate activities aimed at building
`confidence in these newer designs, including optimized fabrication and construction practices.
`
`Small Modular Reactors:
`Commercial interest is building in small modular reactors as an alternative to conventional large-scale nuclear plants. Small modular reactors could offer opportunities for
`enhanced safety, improved economics, quicker construction, and greater quality control. EPRI research addresses an array of issues that could impact the ability to license,
`construct, start up and efficiently operate these plants worldwide.
`
`Advanced Plant Designs:
`A number of advanced plant designs have been proposed that could further enhance safety, accommodate a more diverse fuel supply, and enable more effective
`management of used fuel and waste. EPRI conducts exploratory research supporting design and demonstration of next-generation nuclear plants, including various fusion
`designs and high-temperature gas reactors.
`
`Operations and Maintenance
`
`Equipment Reliability:
`Nuclear plants rely on a large number of pumps, valves, cables, circuit breakers, and other mechanical, electrical, and instrumentation and control equipment to operate
`safely, reliably and cost-effectively. Keeping this equipment operating at high reliability depends on the successful implementation of carefully designed operations,
`maintenance, repair, and replacement practices by properly trained plant personnel. EPRI's equipment reliability research develops various tools and techniques that
`nuclear plant and engineering personnel can apply to increase overall plant reliability and safety.
`
`Inspection Techniques:
`A variety of techniques are employed in the nuclear power industry to inspect materials for potential indications of cracking or degradation. For example, the same basic
`ultrasound technologies that are used to monitor a baby's health during pregnancy are deployed in the nuclear power industry by experienced practitioners to assess the
`health of plant components and welds. EPRI develops, tests, and evaluates new inspection technologies and practices for use in challenging applications, such as
`underground piping and complex geometries. Information from these inspections is then used to inform strategic decisions on whether and when to replace components,
`repair them, or continue their operation.
`
`Mobile Work Management:
`Competitive pressures are driving nuclear plant owners to evaluate new technologies and techniques that can optimize operations and maintenance and help keep
`electricity production costs as low as possible. Mobile work management encompasses a suite of tools – from electronic work packages to virtual reality "apps" – that EPRI
`is developing to support more effective plant maintenance.
`
`Materials:
`The materials used in an operating power plant are exposed to conditions that can potentially impact their structural integrity, particularly as the plant ages. Understanding
`how such degradation may occur in various materials – at what rate and under what conditions – helps inform nuclear plant design and operation. EPRI develops
`inspection and evaluation guidelines for identifying potential degradation, assesses mitigation technologies for preventing further degradation, and conducts fundamental
`research on new materials with enhanced properties for maximizing useful plant life.
`
`Risk Management:
`An informed, rational assessment of risk can contribute to safer and more cost-effective nuclear plant operation. By focusing attention on those plant systems and
`equipment with the highest risk to plant and personnel safety, nuclear plant operators can fully incorporate the relevant technical factors into decisions about plant
`maintenance, modifications and procedures. EPRI risk and safety research helps quantify risks from within the plant's systems and from external hazards, including
`earthquakes, floods, fires, tornadoes, and security threats. Continuous refinement of the models used to analyze risk is necessary to ensure that decisions based on these
`models reflect industry operating experience and current computational advances.
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 3 of 4
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`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 11
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`

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`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:04 PM
`
`EPRI 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304 © Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. 2001-2016 All rights reserved
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 4 of 4
`
`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 12
`
`

`
`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:04 PM
`
`
`
`Electricity Generation
`
`Electricity generation and distribution has been described as the most important technology development in
`human history. Electricity is an essential part of today's society and culture and plays a role in almost every
`human activity and advancement.
`
`The technologies used to generate electricity today derive their energy from three groups of resources – fossil
`fuels, such as coal, natural gas and oil; nuclear materials; and renewable sources, including solar, wind,
`hydropower, geothermal and biomass energy.
`
`Fossil fuels have been an integral component of the power generation portfolio since commercial electricity's
`inception in the late nineteenth century. Today, fossil fuel plants account for more than 60 percent of the
`world's electricity production and are a reliable source of power with low operating costs. Research and
`development efforts can help utilities reduce emissions from current assets and build new and increasingly
`efficient and operationally flexible generating units with advanced emissions control technologies.
`
`The commercial use of nuclear energy to generate electricity began in the 1950s and currently accounts for
`about 14% of the world's electricity production. More than 400 nuclear reactors operate around the world in 30
`countries, and several more countries are pursuing nuclear power. Nuclear power plants are reliable
`generation sources, often operating for 18-24 months without shutting down. Further, because the energy is
`derived from the fission of a nucleus and not from chemical combustion, emissions are minimal. Research and
`technology can help address the key challenges of high capital costs, management of radioactive waste, and
`the aging of plant components and materials.
`
`Evolving energy policies, changes in power markets and rapid technology improvements make it ever more
`important for electricity generators to include and expand renewable generation resources in their asset mix.
`As these renewable resources become increasingly integrated with the grid, environmental impacts relative to
`land use, vegetation management, species and ecosystem interaction and human health and safety must be
`considered. EPRI is assessing the status, performance, and cost of renewable generating technologies and
`providing a variety of critical information for the comparison, selection, operation and maintenance of these
`resources.
`
`Featured Research
`
`Ground-Based Wind Turbine
`Blade Inspection System
`Successfully Demonstrated at
`Duke Energy Wind Farm
`
`Can Future Coal Power Plants
`Meet CO2 Emission
`Standards Without Carbon
`Capture & Storage?
`
`This white paper discusses
`whether future coal-based power
`plants could achieve CO2
`standards without CCS.
`
`Advanced Coal Technology
`Roadmap
`
`This report identifies key
`research, development, and
`demonstration (RD&D) priorities
`for developing cost-effective,
`efficient, and environmentally
`compliant technologies that
`convert coal to electricity and
`other useful forms of energy and
`manufacturing feedstocks.
`
`Contact
`
`For more information please contact:
`
`Jeff Brehm
`Communications Manager, Fossil
`Fuels and Renewables
`Phone: 704-595-2521
`Email: jbrehm@epri.com
`
`Renita Crawford
`Communications Manager, Nuclear
`Phone: 704-595-2888
`Email: rcrawford@epri.com ​
`
`http://www.epri.com/Our-Work/Pages/Electricity-Generation.aspx
`
`Page 1 of 3
`
`CiM Ex. 1018 Page 13
`
`

`
`EPRI | Electricity Generation
`
`12/12/16, 4:04 PM
`
`Fossil Fuels
`
`Nuclear
`
`Renewables
`
`Wind:
`As electricity demand continues to increase worldwide and in the United States, the attraction of zero fuel requirements, low carbon footprints, regional on and off-shore
`potential, as well as mounting political and regulatory pressures, makes wind power an expected major player in future electricity production. While wind power
`technologies have advanced significantly in recent years, major obstacles continue to stand in the way of widespread deployment, effective integration within the electric
`grid, and sustainable long-term performance.
`
`EPRI's targeted research can improve the cost of electricity from wind turbines through analyses that detail essential components of turbine development projects, such as
`operation and maintenance costs. Increases in capacity factors, an understanding of grid integration with existing and future infrastructures, reliability performance and
`evaluations and reductions in environmental costs are part of EPRI's efforts to offer insight on wind technologies' expansion.
`
`Solar:
`The large gap between society's current use of solar energy and its underdeveloped potential represents a significant technical and economic challenge. Despite
`meaningful industry growth and technological progress, there remains a need for advanced solar technologies that will provide cost-competitive power. Steady
`improvements in materials, manufacturing processes, and scientific understanding are producing incremental cost reductions while solar innovations are anticipated.
`
`EPRI's research helps electricity generators understand key factors for photovoltaic plants to deliver high-value power and effectively integrate with electricity infrastructure
`as penetration levels increase. In addition, EPRI research allows for the development of innovative, concentrated solar power technologies and configurations that offer firm
`and dispatchable power at lower costs.
`
`Waterpower:
`A focus on renewable and noncarbon-emitting energy s