New
`Oxford
`American
`Dictionary
`
`T]1_i1‘d Edition
`
`IPR2017-00351
`Fredman EX1016 Page 1
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`

`
`
`
`New Oxford
`American Dictionary
`
`THIRD EDITION
`
`Edited by
`
`Angus Stevenson
`
`Christine A. Lindberg
`
`FIRST EDITION
`
`Elizabeth J. Jewell
`
`Frank Abate
`
`OX1?ORD
`UNIVERSITY PRESS
`
`|PR2017-00351
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`IPR2017-00351
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`OXFORD
`UNIVERSITY PRESS
`
`Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further
`Oxford University’s objective of excellence
`in research, scholarship, and education.
`Oxford N ew York
`
`Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi
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`With offices in
`
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`South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam
`
`Copyright © 2010 by Oxford University Press
`First edition 2001
`Second edition 2005
`Third edition 2010
`
`Published by Oxford University Press, Inc.
`198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 1oo16
`www.oup.com
`
`Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
`stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
`electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
`without the prior permission of Oxford University Press.
`
`The Library of Congress Cataloging—in—Puhlication Data
`Data available
`
`ISBN 978-0-19-539288-3
`
`9 8
`Printed in the United States of America
`on acid-free paper
`
`153(-3233313150735
`
`|PR2017-00351
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`
`
`Contents
`
`Editorial staff vii
`
`Advisory board viii
`
`Specialist subject consultants viii
`Preface xi
`
`Preface to the first edition xii
`
`Introduction xiii
`
`How to use this dictionary xxiii
`
`Key to pronunciations xxv
`
`Key to abbreviations xxvi
`
`Ready Reference
`
`New Oxford American Dictionary 1
`
`Illustration credits 2017
`
`|PR2017-00351
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`
`Gill
`
`- 0 R] G] N Middle English: from Old French gotiere.
`from Latin gutta ‘a drop’; the verb dates from
`late Middle English, originally meaning ‘cut grooves
`in‘ and later (early 18th cent.) used of a candle that
`melts rapidly because it has become channeled on
`one side.
`gut-ter ball I» n. (in tenpin bowling) a nonscoring
`ball that enters the gutter before reaching the pins.
`gut-ter-ing ;'gatarit.Ic:,I' I» n. chiefly Brit. the gutters ofa=
`building. I material used to make gutters.
`gut-ter press )- 11. (the gutter press) chiefly Brit.
`reporters or newspapers engaging in sensational
`journalism. esp. accounts of the private lives of
`public figures.
`gut-ter-snipe l'gatar,snip,v' p n. derogatory a street
`urchin.
`
`gut-tur-al fgatarall r ad}. (of a Speech sound)
`produced in the throat; harsh-sounding. I (of a
`manner of speech) characterized by the use of
`such sounds: his parentfguttural central European
`accent.
`b n. a guttural consonant (e.g., It, g) or other speech
`sound.
`—DERIVA't'IVES gut-tur-al-ly adv.
`— O RIG} N late 16th cent.: from French, or from
`medieval Latin gutturalis, from Latin guttur ‘throat.“
`gut-tur-al-ize ,«"gatere,1iz.l > v. [with obj.] 1 say or
`_
`pronounce in a harslrsounding guttural manner.
`2 articulate (a speech sound) by moving the back of ‘
`the tongue toward the velum.
`gut-ty ¢"geté,l 5 adj. (guttier, gI.rI‘l:ies1:) informal gutsy.
`gut-wrench-ing b adj. informal extremely unpleasant
`or upsetting: the film is o gut-wrenching portrait of
`domestic violence.
`guu lgavl b- n. Brit. informal (as a form of address) sir.
`“Excuse me, guv,” he began.
`— ORIGIN late 19th cent.: abbreviation of Gl.I\t‘NDll.
`gI.su‘nor ,l'gavnar,I' or n. Blil. informal a man in a position"
`of authority such as one’s employer or father (often?
`used as a term of address): I’ had a lecture from the-
`guv’nor.
`— o RIGI N mid 19th cent.: representing a nonstandard
`or colloquial pronunciation.
`Guwa-ha-ti .lgou'hiite,f an industrial city in
`northeastern India, in Assam, a port on the
`Brahrnaputra River; pop. 997300 (est. zooo).
`Formerly called Gauuarl.
`guy‘ Mi |- it. 1 informal a man: he’s a nice guy.
`[mid 19th cent.] I (guys) people of either sex: you
`guys want some coffee?
`2 Brit. a figure representing Guy Fawkes, burned on I
`a bonfire on Guy Fawkes’ Night, and often displayed:
`by children begging for money for fireworks.
`or V. [with obj.] make fun of; ridicule: he didn’t realize!
`was guying the whole idea.
`— mu 5 IN early 19th cent. (sense 2 of the noun):
`named after Guy Fawkes (See GUNPOIIIDER PLor).
`guy’ 5 :1. a rope or line fixed to the ground to secure
`a tent or other structure.
`In It. [with obj.] secure with a line or lines: it was set on
`conc rete foo tings and guyed with steel ca hle.
`— ORIGIN late Middle English: probably of Low
`German origin; related to Dutch get‘ 'brai|' and
`German Geitaue ‘brailsf
`Guy-a-na .lgi'iina, gi'ana,J a country on the
`northeastern coast of South America; pop. 752.9oo'
`(est. zoog); capital, Georgetown; languages, English-_
`(official), English Creole, and Hindi. Official name
`COOPERATIVE Rel-ueuc or Guyana.
`
`_
`
`_
`
`The Spanish explored the-area in 1499, and
`the Dutch settled here in the 1?th oentury.
`It was occupied by the British from 1796 and
`established, with adjacent areas, as the colony;
`of British Guiana in 1831. in 1966, it became an‘
`independent state of the Commonwealth of
`Nations.
`
`I
`
`
`
`gush
`gush lgasnl I» II. [no obj.] 1 lwith adverbial of direction] (of
`a liquid) flow out in a rapid and plentiful stream.
`often suddenly: William watched the murky liquid
`gushing out | figurative millions of dollars gushed out
`of that office. I [with Dbl} Send out in a rapid and
`plentiful stream.
`2 speak or write with effusiveness or exaggerated
`enthusiasm: a nice old lady reporter who covers the
`art openings and gushes about everything.
`9- n. 1 a rapid and plentiful stream or burst.
`2 exaggerated effusiveness or enthusiasm.
`— on I G] N late Middle English: probably imitative.
`gush-er .l'gasHar,l I» n. 1 an oil well from which oil
`flows profusely without being pumped.
`2 an effusive person: the earnest, ingratiat-ing gusher
`of numerous television interviews.
`gush-ing l'gasHiI~zo,l or ad]. (of speech or writing)
`effusive or exaggeratedly enthusiastic: gushing
`praise.
`— DERIVATIVES gush-ing-ly adv.
`gush-y rgast-IE)‘ 1» adj. (gusluier, gushlest)
`excessively effusive: her gushy manner.
`— DERIVATIVES gush-i-Iy ,l-SI-Ialéi adIr., gush-i-ness l'I.
`gus-set rgasitrf p- n. a piece of material sewn into
`a garment to strengthen or enlarge a part of it,
`such as the collar of a shirt or the crotch of an
`undergarment. I a bracket strengthening an angle
`of a structure.
`~ DERIVATIVES gusseted adj.
`— ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French
`gousset, diminutive of gousse ‘pod, shell,’ of
`unknown origin.
`gus-sy .l'gasé,‘ I» v. (gussies, gussylng, gussied) [with
`obj.] (gussy someonelsomethlng up) informal make
`more attractive. esp. in a showy or gimmicky way:
`shopkeepers gussied up their window displays.
`—- ORIGIN 1940s: perhaps from Gussie, nickname for
`the given name Augustus.
`gust lgastl r n. a brief, strong rush of wind. I a
`burst of something such as rain, sound, or emotion:
`gusts of rain lashed down the narrow alleys.
`V v. [no obj.} (of the wind) blow in gusts: the wind was
`gusting through the branches of the tree.
`— oalcm late 16th cent.: from Old Norse gustr,
`related to gidsa ‘to gush.’
`gus-ta-iian ;‘ga'§l:£'tSl-[an.I' r n. formal the action or
`faculty of tasting.
`— DERIVATIVES gus-ta-live .l‘gasta‘tiv,l adj.
`— ORIGIN late 16th cent.: from Latin gustatio(n—),
`from gustare ‘to taste,’ from gustus ‘taste.’
`gus-ta-to-ry l‘gasta,tdré,f r adj. lonnal concerned with
`testing or the sense of taste: gustatory delights.
`Gus-ta-vus Adol-phus ,lga'stiivas a'd5ifaSl
`(1594-1632), king of Sweden 161 1—32. His domestic
`reforms laid the foundation for the modern Swedish
`state.
`
`gus-to ,l‘gasto,I' r n. (pl._gusI:ps or gustnes)
`1 enjoyment or vigor in doing something; zest:
`she sang it with gusto. I [in sing.] archaic a relish or
`liking: he had a particular gusto for those sort of
`performances.
`2 archaic style of artistic execution.
`— o RIGI N early 1 7th cent.: from Italian, from Latin
`gustus ‘taste.’
`gust-y .l'gaste,l Ir adj. (gustier, gustiest)
`1 characterized by or blowing in gusts: a gusty
`morning.
`2 having or showing gusto: gustyfemale vocals.
`— DERIVATIVES gust-i-ly rgastelel a|iv., gust-i-ness I'l.
`gut igatr‘ F n. 1 (also guts) the stomach or belly:
`a painful stabbingfeeling in his gut. I Medicine St
`Biology the lower alimentary canal or a part of this;
`the intestine: microbes which naturally live in
`the human gut. I (guts) entrails that have been
`removed or exposed in violence or by a butcher.
`n (guts) the internal parts or essence of something:
`the guts ofa modern computer.
`2 (guts) informal personal courage and
`determination; toughness of character: she had both
`more brains and more guts than her husband I you
`just haven’t got the guts to admit it. I [often as modifier]
`informal used in reference to a feeling or reaction
`based on an instinctive emotional response rather
`than considered thought: a gut feeling I l couldfeel it
`in my guts—he was out there, watching me.
`3 fiber made from the intestines of animals, used
`esp. for violin or racket strings or for surgical use: [as
`rnodilierl gut strings.
`4 a narrow passage or strait.
`i ll’. (guts, gutting, gutted) [with obj.] take out the
`intestines and other internal organs of (a fish
`or other animal) before cooking it. I remove or
`destroy completely the internal parts of (a building
`or other structure): the fire gutted most of the
`factory.
`- Pl-l ans ES bust a gut informal 1 make a strenuous
`effort: a problem which nobody is going to bust a
`
`776
`gut trying to solve. 2 laugh very heartily: his facial
`expressions and ad libs were enough to get audiences
`to bust a gut. — one's guts out used to indicate
`that the specified action is done or performed as
`hard as possible: he ran his guts out and finished
`fourth. hate someoi-se‘s guts informal feel a strong
`hatred for someone.
`-ORIGIN Old English guttas (plural), probably
`related to georan ‘pour.’
`gut-buck-at l'gat,bal<it,I' infonnal or n. [as modifier] informal
`(of jazz or blues) raw and spirited in style: his
`gu thuclcet guitar solos.
`— ORIGIN early zoth cent.: perhaps from the earlier
`denotation of a one—stringed plucked instrument,
`with reference to its construction, or referring to
`the bucket that caught gutterings (streams of liquid)
`from beer barrels in low-class saloons where such
`music was played.
`gut course » n. informal a college or university course
`requiring little work or intellectual ability.
`Gu-ten-berg ,l'go'otn_barg,l, Johannes (c.14oo-68),
`German printer. He was the 'Fll'5t in the West to
`print by using movable type and to use a press. By
`c.J.45 5, he had produced what later became known
`as the Gutenberg Bible.
`Gu-ten-berg Bi-hie I» n. the edition of the
`Bible (Vulgate version) completed by Johannes
`Gutenberg in about 145 5 in Mainz. Germany. It is
`the first complete book extant in the West and is
`also the earliest to be printed from movable type.
`gut flo-ra I» plural In. another term for In'res'nNAI.
`FLDIIA.
`
`gut-ful ,l'gatfall informal r n. (pl. gutfuls) another
`term for aettvrut.
`Guth-rie l'garI-Irél, Woody (19I2—196_7), US folk
`singer and songwriter; full name Woodrow Wilson
`Guthrie. Social injustice and the hardships of the
`Depression inspired many of his songs, including
`“This Land Is Your Land" (1940) and “Deportee”
`(1948). His son Arlo (1947-), also a folk singer and
`songwriter. is best known for his talking blues song
`“Alice’s Restaurant Massacree” (1963).
`Guth-rie test h» :1. Medicine a routine blood test
`carried out on babies a few days after birth to detect
`the condition phenylketonuria.
`—oRI(:tN named after Robert Guthrie (born 1916),
`American microbiologist.
`gut-less .l'gatlas.l D adj. informal lacking courage or
`determination.
`— DERIVATIVES gut-less-ly aIlv.. gut-less-rless :1.
`guts-y ,(‘gatse,«‘ I adj. (gu-tsier, gutsiest) informal
`showing courage, determination, and spirit: she
`gave a gutsy performance in the tennis tourna merit.
`I (of food or drink) strongly flavorsorne: a smooth
`Bordeaux that is gutsy enough to accompany steak.
`-— DERIVATIVES guts-l-Iy ,I'-sale} aIlv., guts-I-ness I'l.
`gut-‘ta-per-cha Lgata ‘par-CH3,’ 9- n. a hard, tough
`thermoplastic substance that is the coagulated
`latex of certain Malaysian trees. It consists chiefly
`of a hydrocarbon isomeric with rubber and is
`now used chiefly in dentistry and for electrical
`insulation. 0 This substance is obtained from trees
`of the genus Palaquium, family Sapotaceae, in
`particular P. gutta.
`-— o RIG [N mid 19th cent.: from Malay getah perca,
`from getah ‘gum’ + perca ‘strips of cloth‘ (which it
`resembles), altered by association with obsolete
`gutta ‘gum,’ from Latin gutta ‘a drop.’
`gut-tate ,"gat,2'Itl 5 adj. chiefly Biology having drops or
`droplike markings. I in the form of or resembling
`drops.
`- onto IN early 19th cent.: from Latin guttotus
`‘speckled,’ from gutto ‘a drop.’
`gut-‘ta-tion ,lga‘t&sHanl D II. the secretion of
`droplets of water from the pores of plants.
`- onto [N late 19th cent.: from Latin gutta ‘drop‘ +
`-anon.
`
`gut-ter )"gataI'l' b It. 1 a shallow trough fixed
`beneath the edge of a roof for carrying off
`rainwater. I a channel at the side of a street for
`carrying off rainwater. I (the gutter) used to refer
`to a poor or squalid background or environment:
`only moneyed privilege had kept him out of the
`gutter. u technical a groove or channel for flowing
`liquid. I a channel on either side of a lane in a
`bowling alley.
`2 the blank space between facing pages of a book
`or between adjacent columns of type or stamps in
`a sheet.
`or v. 1 [no obj.] (of a candle or flame) flicker and burn
`unsteadily: the candles had almost gutter-ed out.
`2 lwith obj.] archaic channel or furrow with something
`such as streams or tears: my cheeks are gutter-ed with
`tears. I [no obj.) (gutter down) stream down: the
`raindrops gutter down her visage.
`
`'
`
`"
`
`— DERIVATIVES Guy-a-rrese l.§1e‘né2, —'nés/ art]. 5 n.
`— ORIGIN from an American Indian word meaning
`‘land of waters.‘
`guy-at ,lgé'ol' I» Is. Geology 51 searnount with a fiat top.
`— ORIGIN 19405: named after Arnold H. Guyot
`(1807-84), Swiss geographer.
`guzozle .l'ga2al,*‘ I» v. [with obj.] eat or drink (something):
`greedily: we guzzle our beer and devour our pizza I
`"
`figurative this car guzzles gas.
`-DERIVATIVES glz-zlarl-Z(a)larf n.
`- ORIGIN late 1 6th cent.: perhaps from Old French
`gosillier ‘chatter, vo mit,’ from gosier ‘throat,’ from
`late Latin geusiae ‘cheeks.’
`Gvoadena Vrata i‘gvc':zdana ‘vrlital Serbian name.
`for lam: GATE.
`
`'
`
`GVW > ahbr. gross vehicle weight.
`
`,
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`1361
`
`as an aggressive invader in most of the eastern
`US. The attractive berries. in multiple colors from
`white to deep purple, appear in early autumn.
`0 Ampelopsis brevipedunculara, family Vitaceae.
`par-ce-lain clay 1» :1. another term for Imoun.
`porch )'p5l’CHf b n. a covered shelter projecting in
`front of the entrance of a building. I a veranda.
`— DEl1[\a'ATi\l' E s |IOI'd'IEd adj., porch-less adj.
`-ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French porche,
`from Latin porticus ‘colonnade,’ from porta
`‘passage.’
`par-cine ;"p6r,sin.l 5 ad]. of, affecting, or resembling
`a pig or pigs: his flushed. porcine features.
`- ORIGIN mid 17th cent.: from French porcin or Latin
`porcinus, from porcus ‘pig.’
`por-ci-ni ,I'pdr‘cHené,l r n. (pl. same) the cop (a wild
`mushnoom), esp. as an item on a menu.
`—ORlGlN ltalian,llteral1y ‘little pigs.’
`por-cu-pine .l'p6rkya,pin.*‘ av n. a large rodent with
`defensive spines or quills on the body and tail.
`0 Suborder Hystricomorpha: families Hystricidae
`(three Old World genera) and Erethizontidae (four
`New World genera). The common North American
`species is Erethizon dorsatum.
`-ORlGIN late Middle English: from Old French porc
`espin, from Provencal porc espi(u), from Latin
`porcus ‘pig’ + spina ‘thorn.’
`
`
`
`North American porcupine
`
`par-cu-pine fish I n. a tropical marine fish that has
`a parrotlike beak and is covered with sharp spines.
`lt inflates itself like a balloon when threatened.
`0 Family Diodontidae: three genera and several
`species, including the widely distributed Diodorr
`hystrix. See also BURRFISII.
`For-cu-pine River l'p6rl<yo,pirIl a river that flows
`for 450 miles (320 km) from Yukon Territory into
`northeastern Alaska to join the Yukon River.
`pore‘ iporl I» n. a minute opening in a surface, esp.
`the skin or integument of an organism, through
`which gases, liquids, or microscopic particles can
`pass.
`- 0RIGiN late Middle English: from Old French, via
`Latin from Greek poros ‘passage, pore.’
`pore‘ b II. Inc obi] (pore overlthroughj be absorbed
`in the reading or study of: Heather spent‘ hours
`poring over cookbooks. I archaic think intently;
`ponder: when he has thought and pored on it.
`~ ORIGIN Middle English: perhaps related to rein‘.
`USAGE People frequently confuse the Verbs
`
`
`pace and pour. Pore is used with over or-through
`
`
`and means ‘be absorbed in reading something‘
`(I spent hours poring over cookbooks), while
`
`
`pour means ‘flow or‘ cause to flow in" a steady
`
`
`stream'- [water poured off“ the stones: pour the
`
`
`marinade over the pork). As pore is a much
`
`
`less common word, people often choose the
`
`
`more familiar pour, producing sentences such
`
`
`as she was pouring over books and studying till
`midnight. Although increasingly common. this use
`
`
`is incorrect in standard English.
`
`pore-wa-fer ,"p6r,'wdtar, —,wd—f b :1. Geology water
`contained in pores in soil or rock.
`por-gy }'p-firgéi D» n. (pl. same or porgles) a deep-
`bodied fish related to the sea brearns, typically
`silvery but sometimes changing to a blotched
`pattern. It usually lives in warm coastal waters.
`0 Columns and other genera, family Sparidae: many
`species.
`- ORIGIN mid lyth cent: alteration of Spanish and
`Portuguese pargo.
`Po-rifoer-a ,‘pa'rifara,l zoology a phylum of aquatic
`invertebrate animals that comprises the sponges.
`— 0 M61 N modern Latin (plural). from Latin porus
`‘pore’ + —fer ‘bearing.’
`po-rif-er-an )‘pa'ril'eren; Zoology p :1. an aquatic
`invertebrate animal of the phylum Porifera; a sponge.
`D» adj. relating to or denoting poriferans.
`po-rin ,i'p6ran,I' I» n. Biochemistry any of a class of
`proteins whose molecules can form channels (large
`enough to allow the passage of small ions and
`molecules) through cellular membranes.
`- ORIGIN 19703: from Greek pores ‘pore’ + an‘.
`pork (pork! iv I1.1 the flesh of a pig used as food, esp.
`when uncured.
`2 short for max ueact.
`F V. ‘l [with obi] vulgar slang (of a man) have sexual
`intercourse with.
`
`porpoise
`2 {no ob].| infonnal stuff oneself with food: overeat: I
`parked out on the roast pig.
`— onto] N Middle English: from Old French port, from
`Latin porcus ‘pig.’
`pork bar-rel In R. informal the use of government
`funds for projects designed to please voters or
`legislators and win votes: political pork barrel for
`the benefit of their respective sponsors | [as modifier]
`wasteful, pork-barrel spending.
`— DERIVATIVES pork-bar-rel-iny l'l.
`— ORIGIN figuratively, from the use of such a barrel
`by farmers, to keep a reserve supply of meat.
`park-er ,i'porkar,' r n. a pig raised for food. I informal.
`derogatory a fat person.
`pork-pie hat {'pork,pi,l b n. a hat with a flat crown
`and a brim turned up all around.
`pork-y‘ rpfirkél D adj. (porlrier, pofltiest) 1 inlormal
`(of a person or part of their body) fleshy or fat.
`2 of or resembling pork.
`pork-y’ h It. (pl. porkie-5) inlorrnal a porcupine.
`porn lpornl (also porno ,v"p6rno,i) informal I- II.
`1 pornography.
`2 television programs, books, etc., regarded as
`catering to a voyeuristic or obsessive interest in a
`specified subject: a thrilling throwback to thegolden
`age of disaster movies—weather porn of the highest
`order.
`b all]. pornographic: a porn video.
`-ORIGIN 1g5os:abbr.
`por-no-graph-il: i,porno'grafil<;’ I» adj. constituting
`or resembling pornography; obscene: pornographic
`images.
`— D ERIVAT I ves por-no-graph-i-cal-ly
`l,pfirna‘grafik(a)le,l adv.
`por-nag-ra-phy ,ipor'na'grafel 3» n. printed or
`visual material containing the explicit description
`or display of Sexual organs or activity, intended to
`stimulate erotic rather than aesthetic or emotional
`feelings.
`— DERIVATIVES par-nag-ra-pher I-far,’ l'l.
`- oiuc [N mid 19th cent.: from Greek pomagraphos
`‘writing about prostitutes,’ from porn»? ‘prostitute’ +
`graphein ‘write.’
`po-mus ,l'p6ras,i > all]. (of a rock or other material)
`having minute spaces or holes through which liquid
`or air may pass. I not retentive or secure: he ran
`through a porous defense to score easily.
`— DERIVATIVES po-rcs-i-ty ,ipo'riisaté, pfir‘iis—,f n.,
`no-rous-ness n.
`—on1c;1N late Middle English: from Old French
`poreux, based on Latin poms ‘pore.’
`par-phyr-i-a ,I'pér'fi(a)reel V II. Medicine a rare
`hereditary disease in which the blood pigment
`hemoglobin is abnormally metabolized. Porphyrins
`are excreted in the urine, which becomes dark;
`other symptoms include mental disturbances and
`extreme sensitivity of the skin to light.
`- ORIGIN 1920s: modern Latin, from eoaenviuu.
`por-phy-rin fpfirforinl r :1. Biochemistry any of a class
`of pigments (including heme and chlorophyll)
`whose molecules contain a flat ring of four linked
`heterocyclic groups, sometimes with a central metal
`atom.
`— DRIGI N early zoth cent: from Greek porphura
`‘purple’ + -m'.
`par-phy-rit-it ,I',pérfe‘ritil<,*‘ } ad]. Geology relating
`to or denoting a rock texture, typically found
`in volcanic rocks, containing distinct crystals or
`crystalline particles embedded in a finegrained
`groundmass.
`pol’-phy-to-blast lp6r'fira,blast, 'p6rforo-I V I1.
`Geology a larger recrystallized grain occurring in a
`finer groundmass in a metamorphic rock.
`— DERIVATIVES por-phy-ro-hlas-tic ,lpfir,fira'blaStik,
`pfirfarfi-,’ adj.
`Par-phy-ry ;"porfaré,i Cc.232—3o3), Neoplatonist
`philosopher; born Maichus. He was a student of
`Plotinus, whose works he edited after the latter’s
`death.
`por-pity-ry Ppdrfarél )- II. (pl. porphyries) a hard
`igneous rock containing crystals, usually of feldspar,
`in a fine-grained, typically reddish groundmass.
`— 0 MG I N late Middle English: via medieval Latin
`from Greek parphurires, from porphura ‘purple.’
`par-poise ,"porpos,I' D n. a small toothed whale with
`a low triangular dorsal fin and a blunt rounded
`snout. 0 Family Phocoenidae: three genera and
`several species, in particular the oommon (or
`harbor) porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), of the
`North Atlantic and North Pacific.
`
`SI‘ DVE'I‘,fl0'; ailflt‘.
`PRCPNUNCIRTIDN KEY 3130, R33;
`iby; Nc: sing;
`date; dcar; eiei; ésee;
`ifir;
`E-go;
`(3u'aw,for; oi toy: oogood; dogoo; ouout;
`
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`u-late ,"piipya,létl b v. [with obj.I form the
`l_llatl0l'l of (a town, area, or country): the island
`in ulated by scarcely 40,000 people l (as adj.,
`bsubmodilier populated] a densely populated
`I cause people to settle in (an area or place):
`land pursues a policy designed to populate its
`in borders. I fill or be present in (a place,
`‘moment, or domain): the spirit ofthe book and
`characters who populate its pages. I add data to
`-
`iously empty section of (an electronic form,
`rnent, etc): use scripts to populate the graph
`ll data.
`am late 16th cent.: from medieval Latin
`- t- ‘supplied with people,’ from the verb
`I ulare, from populus ‘people.’
`uvla-tinn ,l_papya'ldsHanl I» I1. all the
`llabitants of a particular town, area, or country:
`' island has a population of about 78,000. I [with
`Ifier] a particular section. group, or type of people
`_ animals living in an area or country: the country's
`migrant population. I lwith modifier] the specified
`or degree to which an area is or has been
`ulatecl: areas of sparse population. I the action
`_ populating an area. I Biology 21 community of
`hnals, plants. or humans among whose members
`;.
`erbreeding occurs. I Statistics a finite or infinite
`-' llection of items under consideration. I Astronomy
`ho! three groups (designated 1, I1. and ll 1) into
`ch stars can be approximately divided on the
`5 of their manner of formation.
`_
`_ll.lGl N late 16th cent. (denoting an inhabited
`.- ): from late Latin popul‘atio(n—), from the verb
`upulare, from populus ‘people.’
`u-Ia-ticm ex-plo-slon > n. a sudden large
`‘crease in the size of a population.
`-I.I~Ia-tiorl in-ver-sion > n.see mvensron
`
`._-political party seeking to represent the interests
`_: ordinary people. I a person who holds, or who
`-‘i_s_concerned with, the views of ordinary people.
`?,I (Populist) a member of the Populist Party, a US
`_
`itical party formed in 1891 that advocated the
`' terests of labor and farmers, free coinage of silver,
`-
`itgtaduated income tax. and government control of
`lltonopolies.
`of or relating to a populist or populists: a
`_ jgpulist leader.
`DERIVATIVES pop-u-lism ,3-Jizaml 11., pop-u-lls-tic
`l.t)iipyo'listik,i aitj.
`otuom late 19th cent.: from Latin populus
`‘people’ + -Isr.
`-u-lous ,I"péipyalos;‘ r ad]. having a large
`I I ulation; densely populated.
`_
`I:_IiRIVA'rIVEs pop-u-lous-ly adv., pop-u-Ious-ness n.
`' oItIGIN late Middle English: from late Latin
`populasus. from populus ‘people.’
`p-an-der r adj. Computing relating to, or denoting
`ahadditional window, usu. an advertisement, that is
`under a Web browser's main or current window and
`appears when a user tries to exit.
`_ p-up p adj. |anrib.] (of a book or greeting card)
`5-
`: containing folded cut—out pictures that rise up to
`form a three-dimensio nal scene or figure when the
`page is turned. I (of an electric toaster) operating
`so as to push up a piece of toast quickly when it is
`may. I Computing (of a menu or other utility) able to
`‘be superimposed on the screen being worked on and
`<sup-pressed rapidly.
`"I. 1 a pop-up picture in a book. I a book containing
`i such pictures.
`32 Baseball see roe‘ {sense 4 of the noun).
`,3 Computing a pop-up menu or other utility. I an
`Juuequested browser window, esp. one generated
`' forthe purpose of advertising.
`|'- r. h abhr. portrait.
`I; r-hea-gle l'pdr,begal,i iv n. a large active shark
`that is found chiefly in the open seas of the North
`. Atlantic and in the Mediterranean. 0 Lammt nasus.
`"family Larnniclae.
`'oIuoIN mid 18th cent; from Cornish dialect.
`‘perhaps from Cornish par-rh ‘harbor, cove’ + bagel
`"shepherd.’
`_ _ r-co-lain ,r'p&rs(a)ianl r n. a white vitrified
`’1ranslucent ceramic; china. See also HARD-PASTE,
`"Soft-PASTE. I (usu. porcalalns) articles made of this.
`.I such articles collectively: a collection of Chinese
`ipnrcelain.
`'_£}ER[VATI\«'F.S par-oe-la-no-nus .I'.p5rsa'lanI'aas,l ad]..
`.pIIr-oel-Ia-nous )‘—as.i adj.
`foluom mid 16th cent.: from French porcelaine,
`, from Italian porcellana ‘cowrie shell,’ hence
`.'-‘chinaware’ (from its resemblance to the dense
`.'|7olished shells).
`3:
`-- -Iain-her-ry i'pI5rs(a)lan_bere.l h 11. e
`J-deciduous, woody perennial vine of Asian origin,
`Jirst cultivated as an ornamental and now regarded
`
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