Exhibit 2004
`00336
`|PR2017-
`...H9Di
`renO...H
`, et al
`- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
`Patent Owner - Image Processing Technologies
`
`1
`
`

`

`
`
` WEBSTER’S
`ENCYCLOPEDIC
`UNABRIDGED
` DICTIONARY
`OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
`.3).
`
`A
`
`
`
`The dictionary entries are based on the Second Edition of i
`The Random House Dictionary of the English Language
`
`GRAMERCY BOOKS
`
`New York *
`
`2
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Acknowledgments and Permissions
`
`The “A Dictionary of the English Language” section of this book (Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary) is based on the
`second edition of The Random House Dictionary of the English Language, the Unabridged Edition, copyright © 1993, 1987.
`
`Copyright © 1996 by Random House Value Publishing, Inc.
`All rights reserved under International and Pan-American
`Copyright Conventions.
`
`No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
`any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording, or
`by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in
`writing from the publisher.
`
`This 1996 edition is published by Gramercy Books,
`a division of Random House Value Publishing, Inc.,
`201 East 50th Street, New York, N. Y. 10022.
`
`Gramercy Books and colophon are trademarks of
`Random House Value Publishing, Inc.
`
`Random House
`New York - Toronto - London ° Sydney - Auckland
`http://www.randomhouse.com/
`Printed and bound in the United State:
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Webster ‘s encyclopedic unabridged dictionary of the English language-
`New rev.
`ed.
`p.
`cm.
`“ he dictionary entries are based on the second edition of
`The Random House dictionary of the English language."
`1. English language—Dictionaries.
`PE1625.W46
`1994
`423dc20
`
`93-48137
`CIP
`
`OLD ISBN: 0-517-11888-2
`New Deluxe Edition: 0-517-15026-3
`
`10987
`
`3
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`eral fluorite: used as a flux in metallurgy and as a decay
`preventive in dentifrices.
`cal/cium glu/conate. a white, tasteless, water-solu-
`1319 Powdel”, CaC H O , used as a dietary s
`l
`t
`to provide calciulfi. 2[218‘840—85; GLUCON(1C AC1D)113E Czlrzg]
`cal/cium hydrox/ide. See slaked lime. Also called
`cal/cium hy/drate.
`[1885—90]
`.
`cal/cium hypochlo/rite, a-white crystalline com-
`22:33,
`used as a disinfectant and bleaching
`eating lime to incandescence in an oxyhydrogen or
`Ch3V(_:l|.lrn_ light/, a brilliant white light produced by
`flame; limelight. Also called oxycalciurn light.
`calfcium met-a-silli-cate (met/e sil/i kit, -kat/), a
`white. powder, CESIO3, insoluble in water, used as an
`antacid and as a filler for paper.
`cal/cium ni/trate.
`a white
`deliqu
`t
`rd
`Ca(NO3)2, used chiefly in the manufacture (l)sl?(f‘£I21rtilis:el‘s:
`fireworks, matches, and explosives. Also called Norwe-
`gian saltpeter.
`d
`cryst 11‘
`2. white
`cal/cium ox/alate,
`CaC2O.,, insoluble in water, used in makiraiglbliiallytgbvcidll
`cal/cium ox/ide.
`lime‘ (def. 1).
`cal/cium oxychlo/ride. See bleaching powder.
`'
`cal/cium permanl anate.
`'
`deliquescent solid, Ca(%VInO4)2-4H2C,
`‘i1ld)ddt,ch‘ileSf'ls3t7a1d1sn:
`disinfectant and deodorizer.
`
`ca{’,¢ium Ph9S’phate. any of several phosphates of
`C5 0111171 0CC11Tr11fi1g naturally in some rocks and in animal
`bonges, used as a fertilizer and food additive as well as in
`baking powder and dentifrices.
`[1865—70]
`cal/cium pro/pionate a white water soluble
`,
`-
`.
`—
`pow-
`der. CaCeHm04, used in bakery products to inhibit the
`growth of fungi.
`cavcium sivicatay any of the silicates of calcium:
`calcium metasilicate, _dicalciurn silicate, and tricalcium
`silicate. Cf. wollastomte.
`[1885—90]
`cal/cium sul/fide a yellow to light gray sli
`ghtly wa-
`v
`.
`—
`,
`ter-soluble powder, CaS, having the odor of rotten eggs
`when moist: used chiefly in the preparation of luminous
`paint, hydrogen sulfide, and as a depilatory in cosmetics.
`travertine.
`calc-sin-ter
`(kalk/sin/tar), n. Mineral.
`[1815~25; < G Kalksinter. See CALC-, SINTER]
`c3lC'5P3|'
`(ka1k’spé'ir/), n.
`calcite. Also calc/sp /
`[1815—25; < Sw kalkspat calc-spar; t > r by assoc,
`SPAR3; see CALc—]
`calc-tu-fa (k lk/t“‘/f, .: --z_
`_
`1)‘ Alsm
`calc-tuff (kall?/tuf/0)? [a1815y—02‘5; 22,A:C—t‘<]-fa'1'EId§:€]
`c?l'cu'la'Ple (kalfkye le bel), adj. 1. determinable by
`calculation, ascertaunable: This map was designed so that
`distances by road are easily calculable. 2. that can be
`counted on; rehable.
`[1725—35; CALCUL(ATE) + -ABLE]
`—caI/cu-la-bil/I~ty, n.
`-—-cal/cu.|a.b|y_ adv,
`cal-cu-late (kal’kye lav), v., -|at~ed. -lat-lng. —v.t.
`1. to determine or ascertain by mathematical methods;
`compute. to calculate the velocity of light.
`to deter-
`mine by_reasoning, common sense, or practical experi-
`gncfe, estimate, evaluate; gauge. 3. to make suitable or
`1t _01”_5_P}1TP0Se§ adapt (usually used passively and with
`an infinitive): His remarks were calculated to inspire our
`confidence. 4. Chiefly Northern US. a. to think; guess.
`'3'- to lntendf plan. —-v.i. 5. to make a computation or
`form an estimate. 6. to count or rely (usually fol. by on
`or upon): _They calculated on good weather.
`[l560—70; <
`LL calculatus reckoned (ptp. of c_alcul&re), equiv. to col-
`culus pebble (see CALCULUS) + -atus -AT:-:‘]
`—-Syn. 1. count, figure, cast. 3. design, plan, intend,
`mean.
`
`arrived at or
`cal-cu-_lat-ed (kal/kya la’tid), adj.
`determined by mathematical calculation; ascertained
`mathematically. 2. carefully thought out or planned: a
`calculated effort.
`[1715—25; CALCULATE + —m2]
`._¢a|/.
`cu-|at’ed-ly. adv. —ca|/cu-lat/ad-ness, n.
`'
`'
`cal/culated risk/,
`ch
`ff ‘l
`th
`of which is estimated liefoiigcsogne élalcltliliieii
`iseul')lId(:e1f'zt:1a)l1:1zlel'lf
`cal-cu-lat-ing (kal/kya la/ting), adj. 1. capable of or
`made for performing calculations, esp. arithmetical cal-
`culations: a calculating machine. 2. shrewd; cautious: a
`wise and calculating lawyer.
`3. selfishly scheming: a
`coldzand calculating dictator.
`[1800—10; CALCULATE +
`—ING ] —cal/cu-lat/mg-ly, adv.
`—Syn. 3. designing.
`
`calculator (def. 2).
`
`[1700-
`
`c1a)l]/culating machine/,
`cal-cu-la-tlon (kal/kye la/shen), n. 1. the act or proc-
`953 Of 9310111351113} Wmputation. 2. the result or product
`of calculating: His calculations agree with ours. 3. an
`estimate based on the known facts; forecast: Her calcula-
`non of the building costs proved quite accurate. 4. fore-
`thought; prior or careful planning.
`scheming selfish-
`ness.
`[_1350—1400; ME < LL calculc'iti6n- (s. of calculatia
`Te0k0111I1g)- See CALCULATE,
`-ION] —cal-cu-Ia-tive
`(kal/kye 15./tiv, -lo tiv), cal/cu-Ia/tion-al, cal-cu.|a.g_-9.
`ry (kal/kyo la tor/é, -tor/é), adj.
`-—$yn. _1. figuring, reckoning. 3. estimation. 4. cir-
`cumspection, caution, wariness. See prudence.
`cal-cu-la-tor (kal/kye la/tar), n. 1. a person who cal-
`culates or computes. 2. Also called calculating ma-
`chine. a small electronic or mechanical device that per-
`forms calculations, requiring manual action for each
`individual operation. 3. a person who operates such a
`machine. 4. a set of tables that facilitates calculation.
`[1375—1425; late ME < L; see CALCULATE, —TOR]
`
`ooN_cxsE i>}ioNvNciATi3n KE12 act, cape, dare, part; set, Equal; if ice;
`ox, over, order, oil, book, boot, out; up, urge; child; sing; shoe; thin,
`that; zh as in treasure. 9 7 a.as in alone, e as in system,
`i as in
`easily, 0 as in gallop, u as in circus; 3 as in fire (fiar), hour (ouar).
`1 and n can serve as syllabic consonants, as in cradle (krfid/l), and
`button (but/n). See the full key inside the front cover.
`
`Caine
`
`294
`
`calash
`
`calathea
`
`295
`
`calculator
`
`ulled by one.or two horses, seating two to four passen-
`gem, and having two or four wheels, a seat for a driver
`on a splashboard, and sometimes a folding top.
`2. a
`folding top of a carriage. 3. caleche (def 1). 4. a bonnet
`that folds back like the top of a calash, worn by women
`in the 18th century.
`[1660—70; < F caléche < G Ka-
`lesdw < Czech kolesa carriage, lit., wheels; see WHEEL]
`
`
`
`
`
`any of various tropical
`gal-a-the-a (kal/e the/9), n.
`American plants of the genus Calathea, some of which
`have colorful, variegated leaves and are often cultivated
`as houseplants.
`[< NL; see KALATHOS, -EA]
`cal-a-thl°f0I’l'I1
`(kal/e the férm/, ke lath/3-), adj.
`cup-shaped; concave.
`[1875—80; calathi- (comb. form of
`cALATHUs) + -roam]
`kalathos.
`cal-a-thus
`(kal’o thas), n., pl. -thi (-thi/).
`[< L < Gk kalathos]
`,
`cal-a-ver-_Ite (kal/o var/it‘), _n. a silver-white mineral,
`gold telluride, AuTe2, containing a little silver: an ore of
`gold.
`[1865—70, Amer.; Calaver(as), county in California
`where first found + —1Ti:’]
`cal-ba-yog (kal ba’y5g), n. a city in the Philippines,
`on NW Samar. 106,719.
`calc (kalk), n. Informal. a calculator, esp. a small port-
`able one.
`[by shortening]
`calc-, 1. a combining form of calcareous: calc—tufa. 2.
`var. of calc|- before a vowel: calcic.
`[< G Kalk lime <
`_L calc- (s. of calx) lime, limestone; see cALx, CHALK]
`calc.. calculate.
`cal-ca-ne-um (kal kfihls em), n., pl. -ne-a (—né 9).
`calcaneus.
`[1_745—55; short for L (os) calcfineum (bone) of
`the heel, equiv. to calc- (s. of calx) heel + -oneum, neut.
`‘of —z‘zneus; see -AN, —EOUS]
`1.
`(—né 1/).
`cal-ca-ne-us (kal ka/né as), n., pl. -no-i
`Anat. the largest tarsal bone, forming the prominence of
`the heel. 2. Zool. the corresponding bone in other verte-
`brates. Also, calcansum. Also called heel bone.
`[1920-
`25; < LL: heel, n. use of calcfineus of the heel; see CAL-
`CANEUM] —caI-ca/no-al, cal-ca/no-an. adj.
`cal-car‘ (kal/_k'6'ir), n., pl. cal-car-i-a (kal kg,-/5 e)_ B,;,,1_
`a spur or spurlike process.
`[< L; spur, equjv_ to Cale-’ 3,
`0f 00196 heel. cALx + -ar, shortening of -fire, neut. of ‘
`-arts —AR‘]
`cal-car“ v(kal/kar), n., pl. cal-car-i-a (kal karié 9).
`Glassmaking.
`a reverberatory furnace for
`reparing
`{Tilt
`[1555-65; < It calcara < LL calcaria "me-kiln,
`equiv. to L calc- lime (see CHALK) + -aria —ARY]
`cal-ca-rate (kal/ks rat/), adj. Biol. having a calcar or
`calcaria; spurred. Also, cal/ca-rat/ed.
`[1820—30; CAL-
`CAR + -ATE‘]
`
`foot
`
`calcarate
`
`of, containing, or
`cH3k|;ca§'{e'0|.IS (kal kar/e es), adj.
`. var. of calcarious < L calcarius of lime; see CALX,
`80‘ ca clum carbonate; chalky: calcareous earth.
`[1670-
`'““0U5], —-cal-car/e-ous-Iy. adv. —-caI-car/e-ous-
`ness, 7;.
`
`[1810—20]
`calcar/eous tu/fa. tufa (def. 1).
`“"03-rif-er-ous (kal/ks rif/er es), adj. Biol. bearing
`‘}F;§\(1);:}r spurs.
`[1s5o_55; < L calcar CALCAR’ + -1- +
`cgaigfised d(ka1Sl5). adj.
`(chiefly of members of certain reli-
`:
`calc(eus) shoe + -m)“]
`85. < °£ GTS) wearing shoes; shod. Cf. discalced.
`[1880-
`°a"ce'°'l3f'°l a (kal/sé e lar/é 9
`' _
`.
`), n. any plant of the
`5:11‘:-1v$1i(51l.:lllCe0l(1Tll1, _of the flgwort family, various species
`; < NL, equiv. to L calceol(us) small shoe (cal-
`[1840_50. are cultivated for their sllpperlike flowers.
`°e("S) Shoe + -olus -01.15‘) + -aria —ARIA]
`%a';°se};°'|ate ,(kal’sé 9 lat/), adj. Bot. having the form
`[1
`0e or slipper, as the labellum of certain orchids.
`860-65; < L calceol(us) a small shoe, (calce(us) a shoe
`+ -olus -OLE‘) + —ATE‘]
`cal-ces (kal/sez), n. a pl. of calx.
`C
`'.
`.
`.
`,,a,;§,'n.'n “,,°°1H.1b1n1ns ,f,urm“of <=_aI<,=’ic_-m. used wit_h.the
`mmpougld ca 0131111 salt_ or
`calcite
`in the formation of
`-
`calc- (s. of calx lime; see CHALK) + -1-]
`°a|c_ [< Ivjlor s. calciferous.‘Also, esp. before a vowel,
`cal-cic (k1; ~k
`-
`~
`-
`.
`.
`.
`or calcium_a [1S§7)6$t§{. c§JE(l:‘l3al.1_‘l1I_‘l!%]'C0 or containing lime
`cal.
`'.
`.
`_
`ing
`gglle (ka1’51 _k01’). n. any plant capable of thriv-
`back f0I_mcatr_eous soil. Also called calciphlla.
`[1880—85;
`ee CALWE Ion from calcicolou_s growing in limy earth.
`adj.
`-.
`-COLOUS] —cal-cic-o-Ious (kal sik/s las),
`¢a|-cif-
`Crystalline, unsaturated alcohol, CgsH.,,.,OH, oc-
`soluble,er.°|
`(kal sif/a r61’, -F01/). n. Biochem. a fat-
`
`curring in milk, fish-liver oils, etc., produced by ultr-avio_
`let
`irradiation of ergosterol, and used as a dietary
`supplement, as in fortified milk. Also called vitamin D2.
`[1930—35; CALCIF(EROUS) + (ERGOST)EROL]
`cal-cif-er-ous. (kal sif’er es), adj.
`1. for_m_1ng salts of
`calcium, esp. calcium carbonate. 2. containing calcium
`carbonate.
`[1790—1800; CALCI— + —FEROUS]
`cal-cif-ic (kal sif/ik), adj. Zool., Anat. making or con-
`verting into salt of lime or chalk.
`[1860—65; CALCI— +
`-1510]
`c_a|-ci.-fi-ca-tion (kal/so fi ka/shen), n. 1. a changing
`into lime.
`Physiol. the deposition of lime or insoluble
`salts of calcium and magnesium, as in a tissue. 3. Anat.,
`Geol. a calc1f1_ed_ formation.
`a soil process in which
`the surface soil is supplied with calcium in such a way
`that the soil colloids. are always _close to saturation. 5. a
`hardening or solidifying; rigidity: As the conflict de_
`veloped,
`there was an increasing calcification of atti-
`tudes on. both sides.
`[1840—50; CALCIFIC + -ATION]
`C3l'_Cl'fU_ge
`(kal/so fyo‘t_Jj/). n.
`any plant incapable of
`thriving in calcareous soil. Also, calclphobe.
`[1880—85;
`CALC1- + —FUGE] —-cal-clf-u-gous (kal sif/ya gas), adj.
`cal-ci-fy
`(kal/so fi/), u.t., v.i.,
`-fled.
`-fy-ing_
`1_
`Physiol. to make or become calcareous or bony; harden
`by the _deposit of_ calcium salts. 2. Geol.
`to harden by
`deposition of calcium carbonate. 3. to make or become
`rigid or intransigent, as in a political position.
`[1830—40;
`cALci- + -rv]
`cal-ci-mine (kalise min/, -min), n., v., -mined. -min-
`lllS-
`--n. 1. a white or tinted wash for walls, ceilings,
`etc. —-v.t. 2. to wash or cover with calcirnine. Also, kal-
`so_mine.
`[1860—65; CALCI— + (KALso)MiNE] —cal/ci-
`min/er. n.
`cal-cine (kal/sin, -sin), v., -cined, -cln-ing, n. —v.t. 1.
`to convert into calx by heating or burning. 2. to frit.
`—v.i. 3. to beconverted into calx by heating or burning.
`—n. 4. material resulting from calcination; calx.
`[1350-
`_1400; ME < l\_/IL calcinare to heat, orig. used by alchem-
`1§l3S] —cal-cI_n-a-ble (kal/so ne_bo1), adj. —cal-ci-na-
`tlon (ka1’se_ na’shen). n. —‘caI-cl-na-tor (kal/so na/tar),
`n. —caI-cm-a-to-ry (kal sin/9 tor/é, —tor/e, kal/sin ‘e-)
`adj., n.
`’
`cal/cined bary/ta, Chem. baryta (def. 1).
`cal-cin-e_r (kal si/nar, kal/si-), n. 1. a person or thing
`that calcines. 2. an industrial furnace that processes
`material by calcination.
`[1700—10; CALCINE + -ER‘]
`cal-ci-‘no-sis
`(kal/so no/sis), n. Pathol.
`an abnormal
`condition characterized by the deposit of calcium salts in
`various tissues of the body.
`[1925—30; perh. CALCINE or
`calcin(ate) (erroneously taken as synonymous with CAL-
`CIFY) + —osrs]
`‘
`calcicole.
`cal-cl-phile (kal/se fil/), n.
`[1930—35; CAL-
`k 1/
`f‘l/‘k
`CI— + —PHILE] —cal-cl- h'l~i
`.
`‘
`.'.
`|ous(kalsif/91as),adj.p ' M 2‘ 5° 1
`1
`)’ °a'°"’"'
`cal-ci-phobe (kal/so fab/), n.
`calcifuge.
`[CALc1- +
`es , a j.
`1—)1=H)oi3E[]_ —cal/cl-pho/blc. cal-ciph-o-bous (kal sif/e-
`cal-cite (kalfsit),
`11.. one of the commonest minerals,
`calcium_ carbonate, CaCOa, found in a great variety of
`crystalline forms: a major constituent of limestone, mar-
`ble, and chalk; calc-spar.
`[1840—50; CALC- + -i'rE‘]
`—caI-cit-ic (kal sit’ik), adj.
`a polype -
`cal-ci-to-nin (kal/si t6/nin), n. Biochem.
`tide hormone that partic1pates_in_the regulation of capl-
`cium levels in vertebrates by inhibiting loss of calcium
`—IN
`fi‘Ol;A']1 bone to the blood.
`[1960—65; CALci- + TONE +
`cal-cit-ri-ol
`(kal si/tré 61/, -01’), n. 1. Biochem. a vi-
`tamin D compound, C2-,H.,.,O;,, occurring in humans as a
`hormone derived from cholesterol, that acts in the regu-
`lation and absorption of calcium. 2. Pharm. ‘a prepara-
`tion of this compound, used in the treatment of os-
`teoporosis
`and
`bone
`fracture.
`[1975-80;
`appar.
`CALCx(UM) + TRIOL]
`21 silver-white
`°a_|'°"‘-"11 (k31’S§ 931). n. Che_m., Biol.
`divalent metal, occurring combined in limestone, chalk,
`gypsum, etc., occurring also in vertebrates and other
`animals, as a component of boneuskeletal mass, shell,
`etc., and as a necessary element in nerve conduction,
`heartbeat, muscle contraction, and many other physio-
`logical functions. Symbol: Ca; at. wt.: 40.08; at. no.: 20;
`sp. gr.: 1.55 at 20°C.
`[1800—10; CALC- + -IUM]
`cal/cium ar/senate, a white, slightly water-soluble,
`poisonous powder, Ca,,(AsO4)2, used as an insecticide and
`as a germicide.
`cal/cium bIock_/er, Pharm.. any_ of a group of drugs
`that prevent the influx of calcium into excitable tissues
`such as smooth muscle of the heart or arterioles, used in
`the treatment of angina, hypertension, and certain ar-
`rhythrnias. Also called cal/cium chan/nel block/er.
`cal/cium carl bide a g'rayish—black, lumpy crystal-
`line powder,_CaC2, uslially derived from coke ‘or anthra-
`cite by reaction with limestone or quicklime: used chiefly
`for the generation of acetylene, which it yields upon
`decomposing in water. Also called carbide. {1885—90]
`cal/cium car/bonate,
`a white, crystalline water-
`insoluble, tasteless powder, CaCO;,, occurring in nature
`in various forms, as calcite, chalk, and limestone: used
`chiefly in dentifrices and polishes and in the manufac-
`ture of lime and cement.
`[1870-75]
`i
`d 1i
`1
`cal/cium chlo/ride
`a whit ,
`solid, CaCl2, usually derived fronei callilliligi’ ca:bb1r1i1:ts:el)3Jy
`reaction with hydrochloric acid, or as a by—product of
`various commercial processes: used chiefly as» a drying
`Sgient and preservative and for preventing dust.
`[1880-
`cal/cium cyan/amide.
`a gray-black, often lumpy
`powder, CaC_N2, unstable in water, obtained by heating
`calcium carbide and nitrogen; cyanamide: used chiefly as
`a fertilizer, herbicide, and intermediate in the synthesis
`of nitrogen compounds.
`[1905—10]
`¢a"ci'-lm fll-|0|”ld9.
`a white, crystalline compound,
`CaF2, insoluble in water, occurring in nature as the min-
`
`murdered his brother Abel. Gen. 4. 2. a murderer. 3.
`raise Cain, Slang. a. become angry or violent: He’ll
`raise Cain when he finds out I lost his watch. b.
`to
`behave in a boisterous manner; cause a disturbance:
`The students raised Cain while the teacher was out.
`—Cain/ism, n. —Cain-it-ic (ks nit/ik), adj.
`Caine (kan), n. (Sir Thomas Henry) Hall. 1853-1931,
`English novelist.
`»
`Cain-gang (kin/gang/), n., pl. -gangs. (esp. collectively)
`-gang.
`1. a member of an Indian people of southern
`Brazil. 2. a group of languages spoken by the Caingang,
`constituting a branch of the Ge family of languages.
`Also, Kaingang.
`a member of a Gnostic sect that
`Cain-ite (ka/nit), n.
`exalted Cain and regarded the God ‘of -the Old Testament
`as responsible for evil.
`[< ML Caintta (See CAIN. -I'l‘E';
`cf. LL Caianus with same sense)]
`caino-, var. of ceno-‘: Cainozoic.
`cai-no-zo-ic (ki/no zo/ik, ka/—), adj., n. Geol. Ceno-
`zoic.
`1. _a single-masted sailing vessel
`(ka ék/), n.
`Ca°'|'€|l.le
`used on the eastern Mediterranean Sea, having a sprit
`mainsail, a square topsail, and two or more other sails.
`2. a long, narrow rowboat used on the Bosporus. Also,
`cauique/_,
`[1615—25; < F < It caicco < Turk kayik; r.
`caik < Turk kayik]
`it will go on.
`93 i-ra (sA/ é RA/), French.
`caird (kard; Scot. kamil); n. Scot. 1. a traveling tinker,
`esp. a gypsy. 2. a wandering tramp or vagrant.
`[1655-
`65; < ScotGael ceard tinker; akin to L cerdo workman,
`Gk kerdo cunning one]
`Cairdl Coast/, a coastal region in Antarctica, E of the
`Weddell Sea, 23” to 29“ W longitude.
`Cal-rene (ki/rén, ki rén/), adj. 1. (sometimes LC.) of or
`pertaining to Cairo, Egypt. —n. 2. a native or resident
`of Cairo, Egypt.
`[1835-45; CAIR(o) + —ENEl
`cairn (karn), n. a heap of stones set up as a landmark,
`monument, tombstone, etc. Also, earn.
`[1525—35; earlier
`carn < ScotGael: pile of stones; perh. akin to HORN]
`—cairned. adj. —cairn/y, adj.
`cairn-gorm (karn/gorm/), 71. See smoky quartz. Also
`called Cairn/gorm stone/.
`[1785—95; short for Cairn-
`gorm stone, i.e., stone from Scottish mountain so named]
`Cairns (karnz), n, a seaport in NE Australia. 48,557.
`cairn’ ter/rier.
`one of a Scottish breed of small,
`short—legged terriers having a rough coat of any of sev-
`eral solid colors except white.
`[1905—10;'said to_be so
`called because they are found in areas abounding in
`cairns]
`Cal-I'D (ki/r6), n. a city in and the capital of Egypt, in
`the N part on the E bank of the Nile. 5,517,000.
`cais-son (ka/sen, -son), n. 1. a structure used in un-
`derwater work, consisting of an airti ht chamber, open
`at the bottom and containing air un er sufficient pres-
`sure to exclude the water. 2. a boatlike structure used
`as a gate for a dock or the like. 3. Naut. a. Also called
`camel. pontoon. a float for raising a sunken vessel,\
`sunk beside the vessel, made fast to it, and then pumped
`out to make it buoyant. b. a watertight structure built
`against a damaged area of a hull to render the hull wa-
`tertight; cofferdam. 4. a two‘-wheeled wagon, used for
`carrying artillery ammunition. 5. an ammunition chest.
`6. a wooden chest containing bombs or explosives, used
`formerly as a mine. 7. Archit. coffer (def. 4).
`[1695-
`1705; < F, MF < OPr, equiv. to caissa box (see CASE2) +
`-on aug. suffix] —cais/soned, adj.
`cais/son disease/.
`aeroembolism (def. 2).
`[1880—85,
`,
`Amer.]
`caith-ness (kath/nes, kath nes/), n. a historic county
`in NE Scotland.
`cai-tiff
`(ka/tif), Archaic. —n. 1. a base, despicable
`person. —adj. 2. base; despicable.
`[1250—1300; ME cai-
`tif < AF < L captivus CAPTIVE]
`Cait-Iin (kal;/lin), n.
`a female given‘ name, Irish form
`of Cathleen, Kathleen.
`died A.D. 296, pope 283-296.
`Ca-ius (ka/es), n. Saint,
`«
`Also, Gaius.
`Ca-jan (ka/jan), n., pl. -jans, (esp. collectively) -ian for
`2. 1. a member of a group of people living in parts of
`the South, esp. Alabama, whose ancestry is a mixture of
`white, black, and possibly Indian.
`2. Cajun.
`[see
`CAJUN]
`a tree, Melaleuca
`-po'EJt/), n.
`(kaj/9 pet,
`caj-e-put
`leucadendron, of the myrtle family, native to Australia
`and New Guinea, having papery bark and yielding a
`greenish, aromatic oil (caj/eput oil/) used in medicine
`and perfumes. Also, cajla-put. cai/u-put. Also called
`paperbark.
`[< NL cajuputi < D kajoe—poetih(-0lie)<
`Malay kayu putih the cajeput tree (kayu white + putih
`tree)]
`cineole.
`-m1/), n. Chem.
`(kaj/e pe tél/,
`caj-e-put-ol
`Also, cai/u-put-ol/.
`[CAJEPUT + —0L2]
`to persuade
`ca-jole (ks jol/)‘, v.t., v.i., -joled. -iol-ing.
`by flattery or promises; wheedle; coax.
`[1635—45; < F
`cajoler to cajole or chatter like a jaybird, a par. deriv. of
`'cajole birdcage (< LL caveola < L CaUe(l1§CAGE + -ola
`om‘) + —er inf. suffix] —ca-jole/ment. n. —-ca-jol/er,
`n. —ca-jol/ing-Iy. adv.
`ca-jol-er-y (ke joila ré), n., pl. -er-ies. persuasion by
`flattery or promises; wheedling; coaxing.
`[1640—50; < F
`cajolerie. See CAJOLE, —ERY]
`Ca-jun (ka/jen), n.
`‘1. a member of a group of people
`CONCISE I-:l'YMoLoGv KEY: <, descended or borrowed from; >,
`whence; b., blend of, blended; c., cognate with; cf., compare; deriv.,
`derivative; equiv., equivalent; imit., imitative; obl., oblique; r., re-
`placing; s., stem; sp., spelling, spelled; resp., respelling, respelled;
`trans, translation; 7, origin unknown;
`', unattested; 1, probably
`earlier than. See the full key inside the front cover.
`
`with an enduring cultural tradition whose French Catho-
`lic ancestors established permanent communities in Lou-
`isiana and Maine after being expelled from Acadia in the
`late 18th century. 2. the French dialect of the Cajuns.
`—adj. 3. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Cajuns,
`esp.
`those of Louisiana: Cajun cooking. Also, Cajan.
`[1875—80; aph. var. of ACADIAN; cf. Injun for INDIAN]
`cake (kak), n., v., caked, oak-ing. —n. 1. a sweet,
`baked, breadlike food, made with or without shortening,
`and usually containing flour, sugar, baking powder or
`soda, eggs, and liquid flavoring. 2. a flat, thin mass of
`bread, esp. unleavened bread. 3. pancake; griddlecake.
`4. a shaped or,molded mass of other food: a fish cake.
`5. a shaped or compressed mass: a cake of soap; a cake of
`ice. 6. Animal Husb.
`.a compacted block of soybeans,
`cottonseeds, or linseeds from which the oil has been
`pressed, usually used as a feed or feed supplement for
`cattle. 7. a piece of cake. Informal. something easily
`done: She thought her first solo flight was a piece of
`cake. 8. take the cake, Informal. a. to surpass all oth-
`ers, esp. in some undesirable quality; be extraordinary or
`unusual: His arrogance takes the cake.
`b. to win first
`prize. —v.t. ,9. to form into a crust or compact mass.
`—v.i. 10.
`to become formed into a crust or compact
`mass.
`[1200—50; ME < ON kaka; akin to ME kechel lit-
`tlecake, G Kuchen; see COOKIE]
`-—cak/y. oak/ey, adj.
`—Syn. 10. harden, solidify, dry, congeal.
`cakedl breast/, Pathol. a painful hardening of one
`or more lobules of a lactating breast, caused by stagna-
`tion of milk in the secreting ducts and accumulation of
`blood in the expanded veins; stagnation mastitis.
`cake’ eat/er, Older Slang.
`1. a ladies’ man. 2. an
`effeminate lover of ease and pleasure.
`[1920—25]
`cake! flour/, finely ground wheat flour.
`cakel make/up.
`face makeup in the form of a cake,
`usually applied with a damp sponge.
`cakes/ and alel,
`the good things of life; material
`pleasures: Their thoughts were only of cakes and ale.
`cake-walk (kak/wok/), n. 1. (formerly) a promenade
`or march, of black American origin, in which the couples
`with the most intricate or eccentric steps received cakes
`as prizes. 2. a dance with a strutting step based on this
`promenade.
`3. music for
`this dance.
`4.
`Informal.
`something easy, sure, or certain. —v.i. 5.
`to walk or
`dance in or as if in a cakewalk.
`[1860—65; CAKE + WALK]
`——cake’walk/or, n.
`cak-ra (chuk/re), n. Yoga. any of the points of spirit-
`ual power located along the body, usually given as six in
`number. The points are personified by gods and can be
`released through the proper exercises. Also, chakra.
`[<
`Skt: lit., wheel]
`(in Indian philos-
`cak-ra‘-var-tin (chuk/re var/tin), n.
`ophy, politics, etc.) an ideal, universal, enlightened ruler,
`under whom the world exists in justice and peace. Also,
`chakravartin.
`[< Skt]
`Cal
`(kal), n. a male given name, form of Calvin.
`Cal, kilocalorie.
`cal, calorie (def. la).
`Cal., California.
`cal., 1. calendar. 2. caliber. 3. calorie (def. la).
`ca-la-ba (kc la/be), n.
`1. a tree, Calophyllum brasi-
`liense, of the West Indies and Central and South Amer-
`ica, having leathery leaves and fragrant white flowers.
`2.
`the reddish wood of this tree. Also called Maria.
`Santa Maria.
`[1745—55; < AmerSp]
`Cal-a-bar (kal/e b'a’r/, kal/a bar/), n. 1. a river in SE
`Nigeria. ab. 70 mi. (113 km) long. 2. a seaport near the
`mouth of this river. 187,000.
`Cal/abar bean/.
`the violently poisonous seed of an
`African climbing plant, Physostigma venenosum, of the
`legume family, the active principle of which is physostig-
`mine. Also called ordeal bean.
`[1875—80; named after
`CALABAR, Nigeria]
`cal-a-bash (kal/e bash/), n. 1. any of various gourds,
`esp. the bottle gourd, Lagenaria siceraria. 2. a tropical
`American tree, Crescentia cujete, of the bignonia family,
`bearing large, gourdlike fruit. 3. any of several other
`plants having gourdlike fruit.
`4. the fruit of any of
`these plants. 5. the dried, hollowed—out shell of any of
`these fruits, used as a container or utensil. 6. a bottle,
`kettle, ladle, etc., made from such a shell. 7. a tobacco
`pipe with a large bowl made from a calabash and usually
`having a curved stem. 8. a gourd used as a rattle, dru.m,
`etc.
`[1590—1600; < MF calabasse < Sp calabaza < Cata-
`lan carabaca, perh. < Ar qar‘ah yabisah gourd (that is)
`dry]
`(kal/a ba/ze, ka/la-; Sp. ks/la valsa), n.,
`ca-la-ba-za,
`pl. -zas (-zez; Sp. -sas). a calabash.
`a prostrate vine,
`cal-a-baezil-la
`(kal/e be zé’e), n.
`Cucurbita foetidissima, of the gourd family, native to
`southwestern North America, having yellow flowers,
`round, inedible green and yellow fruit, and an unpleas-
`ant odor. Also called mock orange, Missouri gourd,
`wild pumpkin.
`[1880—85, Amen; < MexSp calobacilla
`< Sp: squirting cucumber, dim. of calabaza; see CALA-
`BASH]
`jail;
`cal-a-boose (kal/3 bo_os/, kal/e boTis/), n. Slang.
`prison; lockup.
`[1785—95, Amen; (< North American F)
`< Sp calabozo dungeon, of obscure orig.]
`cal-a-bra-sel-la (kal/9 bra zel/e), n.
`a card game for
`three persons that is played with a 40-card pack made
`by removing the eights, nines, and tens from a regular
`52—card pack.
`[< It calabresella, equiv. to calabres(e)
`L]
`(C)'alabr(ia) CALABRIA + -ese —ESE) + -ella dim. suffix (<
`ca-la-bri-a (ks la/bre 9; It. ks la/bnya), n. 1. a region
`in S Italy. 2,048,901. 5828 sq. mi. (15,100 sq. km). Cap.:
`Reggio Calabria. 2. an ancientdistrict at the extreme
`SE part of the Italian peninsula. —Ca-la/bri-an, n., adj.
`
`‘ TLYRRHENIAN '
`SEA
`
`ITALY
`
`Calabria
`
`
`
`MEDIT. SE14
`
`.,
`
`;
`
`»
`
`: IONMNsea,
`
`_
`
`any of several tropica)
`ca-la~di-um (ks la’dé em), n.
`American plants of the genus Caladium, of the amm
`family, cultivated for their variegated, colorful leaves,
`[1835—45; < NL: orig. coined as genus name for taro on
`basis of Malay haladi
`(sp. keladi) araceous plant; see
`-IUM]
`Ca-lah (ka’le), n. Biblical name of Kalakh.
`cal-ais (kal/a, ka l:.v, kal/is;'Fr. kA lei), n. a seaport
`in N France, on the Strait of Dover: the French port
`nearest England. 79,369.
`the winged son of
`Ca-la-is (ks la/is), n. Class. Myth.
`Boreas the north wind. As Argonauts he and his brother
`Zetes chased away the Harpies. Also, Kalais.
`Ca-lak-mul
`(ka/lak mofil/), n. a ruined Mayan city in
`SE Mexico.
`Ca-Ia-ma (ks la/ma), n. a city in N“Chile. 26,166.
`cal-a-man-co (kal/e mang/k6), n., pl. -cos for 2. 1. a
`glossy woolen fabric checkered or brocaded in the warp
`so that the pattern shows on one side only, much used in
`the 18th century.
`2.‘ a garment made from this fabric.
`Also, calimanco.
`[1585—95; of obscure 0rig.]
`cal-a-man-der (kal’e man/der), n.
`the hard, mottled
`brown and black wood of any of several trees of the
`genus Diospyros, used for cabinetwork.
`[1795—1805;
`perh. metathetic var. of COROMANDEL]
`ca-la-ma-ri
`(kal/9 mar’é, kéi/la-; It. ks/la m'a’Re),
`71.
`Italian Cookery. squid.
`[< It, pl. of calamaro, calamaio,
`(for pesce calamaio) < LL calamarium inkhorn, pen case
`(referring to the ink ejected by the squid), L calamdrius
`pertaining to a pen; see CALAMUS, -ARY]
`cal-a-mar-y (kal/e mer/e, -1113 re), n., pl. -mar-ies. a
`squid, esp. of the genus Loligo. Also, cal-a-mar (kal’e-
`mar/).
`[1560-70; appar. < L calamarius (see CALAMARI),
`though the metaphor may be dependent on a popular
`form such as It calamaro]
`Ca-la-mian/
`ls/lands
`(ka/la myan/),
`a group of
`about 100 islands in the SW Philippines. 600 sq. mi. (1554
`sq. km). Largest island, Busuanga.
`cal-a-mine (kal/a min/, -min), n.
`1. a pink, water-
`insoluble powder consisting of zinc oxide and about 0.5
`percent ferric oxide, used in ointments, lotions, or the
`like, for the treatment of inflammatory conditions of the
`skin. 2. Mineral. hemimorphite. 3. Chiefly Brit. smith-
`.sonite (def. 1).
`[1595—1605; < ML colamina, unexplained
`alter. of L cadmia CADMIUM; see -INE‘]
`cal/amine brass/, an alloy of zinc carbonate and cop-
`per, formerly used to imitate gold.
`cal-a-mint
`(kalfs mint), n.
`any of several aromatic
`plants belonging to the genus Calamintho (or Satureja)
`of the mint family, having simple, opposite leaves and
`drooping clusters of flowers. Also called basil thyme.
`[1225—75; alter. (by assoc. with MINT2) of ME calament <
`ML calamentum, L calamintha < Gk kalaminthé]
`cal-a-mite
`(kal/e mit/), n.
`any fossil plant of the
`genus Calamites and related genera of the Carbonifer-
`ous Period, resembling oversized horsetails and con-
`stituting much of the coal used as fuel.
`[1745-55; < NL
`Calamites the genus name, L calamites < Gk kalamités
`reedlike. See CALAMUS, -iTE‘] —cal-a-mi-to-an (kal/a-
`mi/té an), adj. —ca-lam-i-toid (ke lam/i toid’), adj.
`ca-lam-i-tous (ks lamfi tes), adj. causing or involving
`calamity; disastrous: a calamitous defeat.
`[1535—45;
`_ca. ‘
`CALAMrr(v) + -oUs] ——ca-lam/i-tous-ly, adv.
`lam/i-tous-ness, n.
`——Ant.
`—Syn. catastrophic,
`ruinous, devastating.
`beneficial, advantageous.
`ca-lam-i-ty (ke lam/i te), n., pl. —ties. 1. a great mis-
`fortune or disaster, as a flood or serious in'ury.
`-
`grievous affliction; adversity; misery:
`the ca amity qf
`war.
`[1375—1425; late ME calamite < MF < L calami-
`tat- (s. of calamitas), perh. akin to incolumitas safety]
`-—-Syn. 1. reverse, blow, catastrophe, cataclysm; m1S—
`chance, mishap. See disaster.
`7 Calam/ity. ‘Jane/,
`(Martha Jane Canary Burke)
`18527-1903, U.S. frontier markswoman.
`cal-a-mon-din (kalfe mun/den), n..
`1., a small citrus
`tree, Citrofortunello. rnitis, of the Philippines.
`2.
`the
`small, tart, tangerinelike fruit of this tree.
`[1925—35;
`,<
`Tagalog kalamunding]
`cal-a-mus (kal/9 mes), n., pl. -mi (-mi/). 1. the sweet
`flag, Acorus calamus. 2. its aromatic root“ 3. any 0
`various tropical Asian palms of the genus Calamus.
`some of which are a source of rattan. 4. the hollow base
`of a feather; a quill. See illus. under feather.
`[1350—
`1400; ME < L < Gk kalamos reed, stalk]
`1. becoming
`ca-Ian-do (ka Ian/do), Music. —adj.
`in a slower:
`slower and softer; dying away. —adv. 2.
`softer manner.
`[:l:1850—55; < It; slackening < L 60'
`landum, ger. of calore to let down < Gk chalan 130
`loosen, slacken]
`ca-Ian-the (ks lan/the), n. any of various tropical and
`subtropical orchids of
`the genus Calanthe, having
`racemes of white, reddish, or ye