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`Exhibit 2002
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`Petitioner — Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., et al.
`Patent Owner — Image Processing Technologies
`LLC
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`Copyright© 1962, 1963, 1968, 19-72, and 1977
`by Howard W. Sams & C0-, 1110-,
`Indianapolis, Indiana 46268
`
`FIFTH EDITION
`FIRST‘ PRINTING—1977
`
`A
`
`~
`
`All rights reserved. Reproduction or use, without
`express permission, of editorial or pictorial content,
`in any manner, is prohibited. No patent liability is
`assumed with respect to the use of the information
`Contained herein While every precaution has been
`taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher
`assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.
`Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting
`from the use of the information contained herein
`
`lntemational Standard Book Number: 0-672-21314-1
`Library Of Congress Catalog Card Numbe“ 77‘71678
`
`Printed in the United States of America.
`
`Preface
`
`In recent decades, technological advances that profoundly affect our
`daily lives have taken place at a feverish pace in electronics and closely
`related fields. Invariably, those who Work in these fields find that they
`need new vocabulary terms to eifectively communicate thoughts and
`ideas about their fields of specializations. The originators of these new
`words give them their initial meaning, but exact definitions change with
`technological advances and through actual use by others. The content
`of a dictionary is thus an analysis of words and their meanings as deter-
`Ihined by common usage.
`Therefore, it should come as no surprise that this fifth edition of the
`Modern Dictionary of Electr0m'cs—probably the most up—to—date elec-
`tronics dictionary in the world—contains definitions of approximately
`20,000 terms unique to electronics and closely related fields. This in-
`cludes 3000 more entries than were found in the fourth edition pub-
`lished in 1972, and nearly twice as many terms as were explained in
`the first edition of this Dictionary published 15 years ago! All earlier
`definitions were reviewed and modified or expanded, where necessary,
`to further enhance the intelligibility of each entry and to ensure mean-
`ingful, concise definitions requiring no further interpretation. The illus-
`trations have been updated and modified as needed to help give greater
`clarity to the definitions.
`While this volume is as up—to—date as possible at the time of writing,
`the field of electronics is expanding so rapidly ‘that new terms are con-
`stantly'be1ng developed and old terms are taking on broader or more-
`specialized meanings. It is the intention of the publishers to periodically
`issue revised editions of this dictionary; thus, suggestions for new terms
`and definitions will always be welcomed,
`Acknowledgement and thanks are due several technical and engi-
`neering societies——notably the IEEE and ASA—who generously aided
`in defining many terms during the initial preparation of this work. In
`particular I want to express my appreciation to my good friend George
`I. Whalenfor his invaluable comments and constructive suggestions.
`RUDOLF F. GRAF
`
`7
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`
`compare—complement
`3 Slbecii-led response to different wave-
`lengths.
`corr}ilpe}risation—1. The controlling elements
`V‘_’
`11031 C0II1IJ6nsate for, or offset, the unde-
`sira
`e characteristics of the process to be
`c<f)ntrolled in a system.
`2. The shaping
`0 anh‘_’P‘amP freC1u6I1CY.r6sponse in order
`to ac_ ieve stable operation in a particular
`circuit. Some _op amps are internally com-
`pensated while others require external
`C0rr1Densation components
`in some cir.
`cuits.
`
`compensation signal.-—A signal recorded on
`thed tape, along with the Computer data
`an
`on the same track as the data; this
`signal 1S used during the playback of data
`to e1eCtTiC3HY correct for the effects of
`tape-speed errors.
`compensation theorem—An impedance in 3
`nf°tW°Tk_ 1113-3’ be_ replaced by a generator
`0 zero mtemal impedence, the generated
`V01t38€‘ Of which at any instant is equal
`to the instantaneous potential difference
`produced across the replaced impedance
`by the current flowing through it.
`°0mP§nSat0r~1. In a direction finder, the
`portion which automatically applies to the
`direction indication all or part of the cor-
`rection for the ‘deviation. 2. An electronic
`circuit for altering the frequency response
`E an ampllfier system to achieve a speci-
`‘ed result. This refers to record equaliza.
`tion_or loudness correction.
`°0mP11e f To bring ' digital-computer pro-
`gramming subroutines
`together
`into a
`main routine or program,
`compiler—-1. An automatic coding system
`in a computer which generates and assem-
`195 ‘<1 Program from instructions written
`b)’ a programmer. 2. A unit that converts
`computer programs written in higher-level
`larlglltrges, such as FORTRAN and BA-
`SIC,
`into the machine language of the
`Computer. 3. Computer
`routine which
`translates
`symbolic instructions to ma.
`chine instructions and replaces certain
`“GU15 Of lI1put_W1th series of instructions,
`called subroutines.
`compiler language — A computer language
`system consisting of various subroutines
`that have been evaluated and compiled
`into one routine that can be handled by
`the computer. FORTRAN, COBOL, and
`ALGOL are compiler language. Compiler
`language is the third level of computer
`language (See Machine Language, 3, for
`other levels).
`°0mPi1er Program-— Software usually sup-
`plied by the manufacturer to convert an
`3PP11Cati0n program from compiler
`lan-
`guage to machine language.
`C0mPi1ing routine—A routine by means of
`which a computer can itself Construct the
`program used to solve a problem_
`3
`complement—1. In an electronic computer
`a number the representation of which is
`
`
`
`
`
`138
`
`139
`
`2. A specially designed capacitor used in
`the turn off (commutation) circuit of an
`SCR where it is subjected to exceedingly
`fast rise time pulses. Thus the capacitor
`must be capable of discharging large
`peak currents in very short periods of
`time.
`commutation switch —— A device used to
`carry out repetitive sequential switching.
`commutator—l. The part of the armature
`to which the coils of a motor are con-
`nected. It consists of wedge-shaped cop-
`per segments arranged around a steel hub
`and insulated from it and from one an-
`other. The motor brushes ride on the outer
`edges of the commutator bars and thereby
`connect the armature coils to the power
`source. 2. Device used in a direct cur-
`rent generator to reverse the direction of
`an electric current and maintain a current
`flowing in one ‘direction. 3. A switch or
`equivalent device that permits the re-
`versal or exchange of external connec-
`tions of a transducer to provide a desired
`sequencing of signals.
`compactron—An electron tube based on a
`building-block concept which involves the
`standardizing of basic tube sections, di-
`odes, triodes, pentodes; clipping them to-
`gether as required; and sealing them in
`a single envelope.
`compander——A combination consisting of a
`compressor at one point in a communica-
`tion path to reduce the volume range of
`signals, followed by an expander at an-
`other point to improve the ratio of the
`signal
`to the interference entering the
`path between the compressor and ex-
`pander.
`companding—A process in which compres-
`sion is followed by expansion. Compand-
`ing is often used for noise reduction,
`in
`which case the compression is applied
`before the noise exposure and the expan-
`sion afterward.
`compandor—See Compander.
`companion keyboard — A remote keyboard
`connected by a multiwire cable to an ordi-
`nary keyboard and able to operate it.
`comparator—l. A circuit which compares
`two signals and supplies an indication of
`agreement or disagreement. 2. In a com-
`puter, a circuit that determines whether
`the absolute difference between a data
`sample and the previous sample passed
`is greater than or equal to a redundancy
`criterion (which may be a tolerance or a
`limit). 3. A device that compares two in-
`puts for equality. One type compares
`voltages and gives one of two outputs;
`less than, or greater than. Another type
`compares binary numbers and has three
`outputs:
`less than, equal
`to, or greater
`than. A third type compares phase or fre-
`quency, and gives a variable voltage de-
`pending on the relationship between the
`
`
`
`inputs. 4. A unit often found in audio
`Shi(1’Wr°°m5> which bY §Wit_Ch selection,
`W 1 connect up a combination of speak-
`ers, amplifier, tuner, pick-up, tape player,
`etc. For comparing different types. 5. A
`circuit which ‘compares two signals and
`provides a
`diiierence” signal,
`compare—A computer operation in which
`tW0 quantities are matched for the pur-
`POSG Of discovering their relative magni-
`tudes or algebraic values.
`comparison——The examination of how two
`similar
`items of data are related, The
`comparison is usually followed by a de.
`cision.
`comparison bridge—A type of voltage-com.
`parison circuit
`resembling a
`four-aun
`electrical bridge. The elements are so
`arranged that if a balance exists in the
`circuit, a zero error signal is derived_
`compatibility——1. That property of a color.
`television system which peirnits typical
`unaltered monochrome receivers to re:
`ceive substantially normal monochrome
`from the transmitted signal. 2. The prop.
`erty that makes possible use of a stereo
`SYstem with
`a monophonic
`program
`source, or reproduction of a stereo pro.
`gram monophonically on a monophonic
`system. 3. The ability of one unit to be
`used with another without detrimental
`efiect 0“ the Signal
`through mismatch.
`For example, a compatible pickup will
`play both mono and stereo records.
`compatible IC—-A hybrid IC in which the
`active circuit element is within the sificon
`planar integrated structure. A passive net-
`Work, W1_11Ch may be separately optimized,
`is deposited onto its insulating surface to
`complete the IC device.
`compatible monolithic integrated circuit —
`A device in which passive Components are
`deposited by thin-film techniques on top
`of a basic silicon-substrate circuit contain-
`ing the active components and some pas-
`sive parts. Also see All-Diffused Mono-
`lithic Integrated Circuit.
`compensated amplifier-—A broad-band am.
`plifier the frequency range of which is ex.
`tended by the Pr0per choice of circuit
`constants.
`
`compensated-impurity resistor—A diffused-
`13-Yer resistor into which are introduced
`additional n- and p-type impurities_
`Ctcrfnpeiillsated-loop direction fi'nder—A direc-
`lon “def emP10Y1I1g a loop antenna and
`E‘ se°°nd_ anfenna System to compensate
`OT Polarization error.
`cigfiptensated semiconductor — A semicon.
`_
`C 0r lI1'Wl11Ch one type of impurity or
`nlnperfectlon (d°n0r) Partially cancels the
`misctrical eifects of the other (acceptor).
`pensated volume control—See Loudness
`Control.
`
`cgépensatmg fi1ter—'A filter used to alter
`spectral emission of an emulsion to
`
`communications satellite-—comparator
`
`from stations operating in the
`signals
`communications service.
`communications sate1lite—An orbiting space
`vehicle that actively or passively relays
`signals between communications stations.
`communications security — The protection
`resulting from all measures designed to
`deny unauthorized persons information of
`value which might be derived from “the
`possession and study of telecommunica-
`tions or to mislead unauthorized persons
`in their interpretations of the results of
`such possession and study.
`communication switch — A device used to
`execute repetitive sequential switching.
`communication zone indicator-—A device
`that
`indicates whether or not
`long—dis-
`tance high-frequency broadcasts are suc-
`cessfully reaching their destination.
`community antenna television—A television
`system that receives and retransmits tele-
`vision broadcasts. Microwave transmitters
`and coaxial cables are used to bring the
`television signals to subscribers in a com-
`munity. Abbreviated catv.
`community dial oflice — A small dial tele-
`phone office that serves an exchange area
`and that operates with no employees lo-
`cated in the building.
`community television system—A receiving
`system by means of which television sig-
`nals may be distributed over coaxial ca-
`bles to homes in an entire community.
`commutation—1. A mechanical process of
`converting the alternating current in the
`armature of direct-current generators into
`the direct-current generator output. 2.
`Sampling of various quantities in a repe-
`titive manner, for transmission over a sin-
`gle channel. 3. The switching of currents
`back and forth between various paths as
`required for operation of some system or
`device. In particular, a switching of cur-
`rent to or from the appropriate armature
`coils of a motor or generator. The tum-
`ing oif of an active element at the correct
`time as in an inverter or power controller.
`
`GATE
`
`Commutation capacitor.
`
`‘
`
`commutation capacitors — 1. Cross-con-
`nected capacitors in a thyratron inverter.
`They provide a path such that the start
`of conduction in one thyratron causes an
`extinguishing pulse to be applied to the
`alternate thyratron. Also used in inverter
`circuits employing semiconductor devices.
`
`
`
`3
`
`