`
`WORLD INTELLECTUAL, PROPERTY ORGANIZATION
`International Bureau
`
`
`
`INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY(PCT)
`(51) International Patent Classification 7 :
`(11) International Publication Number:
`WO 00/44274
`A61B
`
`(43) International Publication Date:
`
`3 August 2000 (03.08.00)
`
`
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`28 January 2000 (28.01.00)
`
`(21) International Application Number: PCT/US00/02418|(81) Designated States: AE, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG,
`BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CU, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, GB,
`GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU,ID,IL,IN, IS, JP, KE, KG,
`KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MK,
`MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG,
`SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM, TR, TT, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN, YU,
`ZA, ZW, ARIPO patent (GH, GM, KE, LS, MW, SD, SL,
`$Z, TZ, UG, ZW), Eurasian patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ,
`MD, RU, TJ, TM), European patent (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE,
`DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE),
`OAPIpatent (BF, BJ, CF, CG, Cl, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML,
`MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`POUGATCHEV, Vadim I.
`(71)(72) Applicants and Inventors;
`[RU/US]; 12422 Peacock Hill Ave. NW, Gig Harbor,
`WA 98332 (US). BOGOMOLOV, Evgueni N. [RU/US];
`12422 Peacock Hill Ave. NW, Gig Harbor, WA 98332
`(US). IAROSLAVSTEV, Igor V. [RU/US]; 12422 Peacock
`Hill Ave. NW, Gig Harbor, WA 98332 (US). ZHIRNOV,|
`Eugene N, [RU/US], 12422 Peacock Hill Ave. NW, Gig
`Harbor, WA 98332 (US). GRIBKOV, Eugene N. [RU/US];
`12422 Peacok Hill Ave. NW, Gig Harbor, WA 98332
`(US).
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,923,941
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`60/117,966
`
`29 January 1999 (29.01.99)
`
`US
`
`Published
`Without international search report and to be republished
`upon receipt of that report.
`
`JOHNSON, Larry, D.; Suite 130, 175 N. Redwood
`(74) Agent:
`Drive, San Rafael, CA 94903 (US).
`
`(54) Title: PERSONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITOR
`
`(57) Abstract
`
`A personal physiological monitor for evaluating autonomic nervous system functioning, said monitor including PPG, and/or GSR,
`and/or temperature sensors for acquiring raw physiological signals; a data processor for computing interbeat intervals from the raw PPG
`signal and re-sampling interbeat interval sequences with a linear interpolation procedure; transmission means for transmitting both raw
`signals and the interbeat intervals to a computer through a communication port; a visual display; and built-in flash memory.
`
`Apple Inc.
`APL1066
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`0001
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`Apple Inc.
`APL1066
`U.S. Patent No. 8,923,941
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`0001
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`FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLY
`
`Codes used to identify States party to the PCT on the front pages of pamphlets publishing international applications under the PCT.
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`SI
`SK
`SN
`SZ
`TD
`TG
`TJ
`TM
`TR
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`Slovenia
`Slovakia
`Senegal
`Swaziland
`Chad
`Togo
`Tajikistan
`Turkmenistan
`Turkey
`Trinidad and Tobago
`Ukraine
`Uganda
`United States of America
`Uzbekistan
`Viet Nam
`Yugoslavia
`
`Lesotho
`Lithuania
`Luxembourg
`Latvia
`Monaco
`Republic of Moldova
`Madagascar
`The former Yugoslav
`Republic of Macedonia
`Mali
`Mongolia
`Mauritania
`Malawi
`Mexico
`Niger
`Netherlands
`Norway
`New Zealand
`Poland
`Portugal
`Romania
`Russian Federation
`Sudan
`Sweden
`Singapore
`
`Zimbabwe
`
`Albania
`Armenia
`Austria
`Australia
`Azerbaijan
`Bosnia and Herzegovina
`Barbados
`Belgium
`Burkina Faso
`Bulgaria
`Benin
`Brazil
`Belarus
`Canada
`Central African Republic
`Congo
`Switzerland
`Céte d'Ivoire
`Cameroon
`China
`Cuba
`Czech Republic
`Germany
`Denmark
`Estonia
`
`Spain
`Finland
`France
`Gabon
`United Kingdom
`Georgia
`Ghana
`Guinea
`Greece
`Hungary
`Treland
`Israel
`Iceland
`Italy
`Japan
`Kenya
`Kyrgyzstan
`Democratic People’s
`Republic of Korea
`Republic of Korea
`Kazakstan
`Saint Lucia
`Liechtenstein
`Sri Lanka
`Liberia
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`WO 00/44274
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`PERSONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITOR
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`This invention is related to the subject of the
`monitoring and assessment of the specific physiological
`conditions reflecting the functions of the autonomic
`nervous system (ANS)
`- heart rate variability, blood
`volume pulse, galvanic skin reactions (GSR) and peripheral
`skin temperature (TMP).
`
`BACKGROUND ART
`It is known that the overall functioning of a living
`organism is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
`The ANS has two antagonistic branches -
`the sympathetic
`and parasympathetic nervous systems. Every organ is
`activated by one branch and inhibited by the other.
`Generally when the organism is in a calm state
`(relaxation, sleep, etc.) several organs,
`including the
`heart,
`lungs and blood vessels, are under the dominance of
`parasympathetic control. When the organism is activated by
`physical activity, psycho-emotional arousal or stress,
`the
`ergans are under dominant control of the sympathetic
`nervous system. A healthy organism is capable of adjusting
`to any outer influence by means of a quick and adequate
`sympathetic response. Once that factor disappears the
`parasympathetic activity increases balancing the
`erganism’s overall autonomic regulation.
`It is important to have a means of measuring these
`specific physiological parameters used for the evaluation
`of the level of balance between the branches of autonomic
`nervous system and their reactions. With such means,
`specific provocative test factors are evaluated as well as
`the condition of both branches. Such a tool can help a
`human being learn how to cope with stress,
`thereby
`achieving an autonomic balance as well as measuring
`certain physiological effects of the autonomic nervous
`systems regulations.
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`One of the most informative methods for the
`evaluation of the status of ANS sympathetic and
`parasympathetic branches is heart rate variability
`analysis. It is known that the time intervals between each
`two consecutive heartbeats vary and are under control of
`the autonomic nervous system. When the parasympathetic
`system is dominant
`the heart interbeat intervals (IBI) are
`oscillating with higher frequencies (0.15 - 0.4 Hz). When
`sympathetic arousal occurs,
`lower frequency oscillations
`take place.
`There are two other physiological modalities that
`reflect the condition of autonomic regulation: skin
`conductance (galvanic skin response: GSR) and peripheral
`skin temperature. Skin conductance reflects changes in
`sweat gland activity driven by involuntary arousal of the
`sympathetic nervous system. These changes are rapid and
`varied as a reaction of the organism to outer events and
`slower changes reflecting variations of overall tonus of
`the sympathetic system. The skin temperature reflects a
`degree of vasoconstriction or dilation of the peripheral
`blood vessels, which also reflects a long-term process of
`the interaction of both branches of autonomic nervous
`systems. There is some disagreement regarding the efficacy
`of these latter two modalities for evaluating ANS balance,
`so they are noted here for reference purposes only.
`Another physiological measure - blood volume pulse
`reflects the level of peripheral blood vessels
`constriction / dilation. Blood volume pulse is affected by
`the same autonomic function activity.
`There is a standard mathematical procedure for short-
`term HRV evaluation, suggested by the Task Force of the
`European Society of Cardiology and the North American
`Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (1996). It
`provides both time and frequency domain analysis of the
`IBI
`time series. There are three important parameters of
`frequency domain analysis of HRV that reflect the levels
`of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities and their
`balance. The high frequency range (0.15 Hz- 0.4 Hz) of the
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`IBI power spectrum (HF) reflects parasympathetic influence
`on heart rate. The low frequency range (0.04 Hz -0.15 Hz)
`of the IBI power spectrum (LF) has a considerable input of
`the both branches of the autonomic nervous system.
`To perform the HRV analysis an electrocardiograph
`(ECG) signal is usually measured. The IBI are derived from
`the ECG as the intervals between consecutive R-peaks. This
`method is very accurate and reliable but has a serious
`disadvantage - it requires the use of complex ECG
`equipment with the inconvenience of multiple site
`electrode placement. An alternative is to use a
`photoplethysmograph (PPG) measurement, which is a portable
`and convenient optical sensor that can be applied in many
`places to pick up peripheral blood flow changes (e.g.
`fingers, ear lobe, etc.). The PPG emits an infrared (IR)
`light on the skin. The emitted light is partially consumed
`by the blood flow. The degree of light consumption /
`reflection is proportional to the changes in blood flow.
`The PPG signal has periodic peaks that represent flow
`pulsation in blood vessels. It can be used to derive the
`IBI by measuring the time between two PPG peaks. Blood
`volume pulse information can be derived as well.
`
`
`DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
`The personal physiological monitoring method of the
`present invention includes several possible hardware
`configurations of the physiological monitoring apparatus.
`Generally a physiological monitor continuously carries out
`any of the following functions depending on the particular
`hardware configuration:
`1. Acquires raw signals any of the following
`physiological modalities: PPG, GSR or temperature;
`2. Computes interbeat intervals from the raw PPG
`
`signal;
`3. Re-samples interbeat interval sequence with a
`linear interpolation procedure;
`4. Transmits both raw signals and the interbeat
`intervals to a computer through a communication port;
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`5. Displays data on an LCD display in the case of a
`standalone device configuration; and
`6. Stores data in built-in flash memory with the
`
`possibility to download data to a computer.
`The present invention may be embodied in either a
`standalone physiological monitoring device or ina
`computer-based unit.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`Figs.
`la depicts the standalone unit embodiment of
`the personal monitoring apparatus of the present
`
`invention;
`Fig. 1b shows the LCD module and wireless IR or RF
`module of the standalone embodiment transmitting a signal
`
`to a remote computer;
`Fig. 2a shows a finger sensor unit as held by a user;
`Fig. 2b shows detail of the finger sensor pad that
`may be secured to the finger of a user;
`Fig. 3a illustrates the use of a physiological
`monitoring system having sensors integrated into a typical
`
`computer mouse;
`Fig. 3b shows details of the mouse of the embodiment
`
`of Fig. 3a;
`Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the
`structural and functional elements of the invention;
`Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of the 3-channel
`physiological monitor;
`Fig. 6 illustrates how PPG sensor electronic
`circuitry of the present invention operates; and
`Fig. 7 illustrates the procedure of IBI computation
`carried out by the micro-controller.
`
`
`BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
`Figs.
`la and 1b depict a first preferred embodiment
`10 of the personal physiological monitoring apparatus of
`the present invention, particularly illustrating the
`standalone unit concept. It can be implemented in the form
`of a glove combined with a flexible wristband. The soft
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`glove 11 supports embedded sensors in any combination of
`PPG 12, GSR 14 and temperature 16, all of which are well
`known in the art. Collectively,
`these elements comprise
`the sensor unit.
`The sensors are wired to a main
`processing unit 18 embedded in a flexible wristband 20,
`which also supports an LCD module 22. The main processing
`unit includes a battery unit 24, which powers the main
`processing unit and which is also connected to the sensors
`via sensor circuits 17 to provide power to the sensors
`sufficient to conduct their respective measurements. It
`may also include a flash memory module 28 to collect
`physiological data and a wireless infrared (IR) or radio
`frequency (RF) module 30 capable of transmitting a signal
`32 for downloading of the data to a remote computer 34.
`When the above-described glove is worn by a user, all
`built-in sensors come in contact with the user’s skin.
`
`When the device is turned on, it begins to continuously
`scan all available sensors and display the resulting data
`on an LCD display module. If there is a flash memory
`module installed,
`this data is collected in a compact
`format providing up to 24-hour data storage. At any time
`the user may command that all collected data be wirelessly
`downloaded to the remote computer.
`In fact,
`this design
`could allow for a continuous real-time data transmission
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`with respective download.
`Figs. 2a, 2b, 3a, and 3b depict a computer-based unit
`concept. There are two different implementations of the
`device: Fig. 2a shows a finger sensor unit 40 in use; Fig.
`2b shows detail of the finger sensor pad 42 that may be
`placed on a finger and secured, for example, with a strip
`of hook and loop fastening material
`(not shown).
`In a finger sensor pad design, Fig. 2a,
`there are up
`to three sensors located on top of the pad: PPG optical
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`sensor window 44,
`
`two GSR electrodes 46 and a temperature
`
`sensor 48. All physiological signals are sent to the data
`processing unit 50 that processes the signals and
`transmits digital information to the computer 52 via
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`serial interface 54.
`Fig. 3a illustrates the use of a mouse-based
`physiological monitoring system 60 having sensors
`integrated into a typical computer mouse; and Fig. 3b
`shows details of the mouse of this embodiment.
`In a mouse-
`integrated sensor design concept, Figs. 3a and 3b,
`there
`are up to three sensors integrated into the body of the
`computer mouse. To provide better contact between sensors
`and the skin, a PPG sensor 62 and/or a temperature sensor
`64 can be placed on the lateral side of the mouse 66 where
`a thumb is normally situated when mouse is in a grip. Two
`GSR electrodes (metal plates or conductive rubber patches)
`68 can be placed either on the left and right mouse
`buttons where two fingers are typically situated or can be
`placed on the top of the mouse body to Maintain contact
`with the palm surface when mouse is in a grip. All
`physiological signals are sent to the data processing unit
`70 that processes the signals and transmits digital
`information to the computer 72 via the serial interface
`74.
`
`Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the
`structural and functional elements of the invention. The
`device measures any combination of the physiological
`signals of PPG 80, GSR 82 and temperature 84 by means of
`the respective sensors that are combined in one device.
`The device has a built-in microprocessor 86 that controls
`all of the functions and processing of the PPG signal to
`derive the IBIs. In the case of the computer-based design
`(finger pad or mouse-integrated device) all physiological
`data is transmitted to the computer via serial interface
`(RS232 port, USB port, wireless infrared (IR) or radio
`(RF) port) 88. In case of standalone design physiological
`data is displayed on built-in LCD display 90 and can be
`stored in the flash memory module 92. Data collected in
`the flash memory 92 can be downloaded to the computer via
`the serial port 88. Depending on the particular design
`concept the device can be powered from the power supply 94
`built into device (standalone or wireless models) or from
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`the computer via USB port. It can also be powered via
`RS232 port if the model does not include the GSR sensor.
`The specific software could collect physiological data via
`the specific device driver 96 to perform certain tasks
`like physiological monitoring, evaluation or training.
`Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of the 3-channel
`physiological monitor 100. This particular design
`describes a mouse-integrated version of the monitor as an
`example. A standalone device is equivalent to this
`embodiment, excluding the mouse-specific components
`coordinate control circuitry, Y-coordinate control
`circuitry, and push buttons control circuitry. The photo
`sensor 102 consists of two 880nm IR emitters 104 and one
`880nm IR detector 106. Such a combination provides better
`
`of X-
`
`movement artifact reduction. The micro-controller 108
`carries out all the signal process functions of the
`device. An input signal goes to the internal sample and
`hold circuit 110 of the micro-controller passing an input
`amplifier 112 and an analog one-pole high-pass filter 114.
`This allows for input signal conditioning. The sample and
`hold circuit 110 is connected to the cascade of an output
`amplifier with built-in band-pass filter 116 and a one-
`pole low-pass filter 118. The output of this cascade is
`connected to the input multiplexer of the 12-bit analog-
`to-digital converter 120. The signals from GSR electrodes
`and temperature sensor (thermoresistor) go to the input
`multiplexer of A-to-D converter 120 passing a low-pass
`filter 122. The current source 124 provides both GSR and
`TMP sensor circuits with the necessary power to conduct
`the measurements. The power supply 126 is preferably one
`of two types:
`(A)
`two AAA batteries with switching voltage
`regulator or (B) one 9-V battery with a linear voltage
`regulator. However,
`the apparatus may be modified to run
`from any of a number of other suitable power sources.
`The
`micro-controller 108 carries out sensor functioning,
`
`interbeat interval computing as well as standard mouse
`functioning along with X-coordinate 128, Y-coordinate 130
`and push button 132 control circuitry. It also provides a
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`serial interface communication with a serial port 134 of a
`
`computer 136.
`Fig. 6 demonstrates how the PPG sensor electronic
`circuitry operates. The operation of GSR and TMP is not
`reflected here because of its extreme simplicity. The
`
`impulses
`micro-controller generates square 200uS-long (Tp)
`140 with 3.3V amplitude and 2mS periods (Te) pulse 142,
`sent to the IR emitter. The use of switch power mode
`
`provides better power consumption and eliminates an
`excessive sensitivity to the external lights. An output
`signal of the IR detector is a function of the intensity
`of the signal reflected by the skin surface. The output
`signal of the IR detector is sent to the input of the
`analog switch of the micro-controller through the input
`amplifier (current-to-voltage converter with a gain) and
`the high-pass filter to eliminate a signal offset 144. The
`micro-controller controls an internal analog switch ina
`
`"Sample and Hold" mode 146, switching the capacitor Ch
`between an output of the input amplifier and an input of
`the output amplifier, so Ch holds constant voltage
`depending on the input signal 148. The output amplifier is
`an AC amplifier with a built-in band-pass filter and gain
`of 70 appr. It provides an output signal in the voltage
`range of the A-to-D converter 150. The micro-controller
`Carries out the PPG signal processing and sends data to
`
`the PC.
`
`Fig. 7 illustrates the procedure of IBI computation
`carried out by the micro-controller. The raw PPG signal
`160 varies in the range of 0 ... 1000 units. It is
`filtered by a low-pass digital filter (2.5 Hz cut-off).
`
`The LP filter gives a filtered signal 162 that looks
`almost like a sine wave. Then the signal is filtered by a
`high-pass digital filter (0.5 Hz cut-off). The HP filter
`
`gives a signal 164 that is oscillating at around zero.
`Then IBI (interbeat intervals) are computed as the time
`
`intervals between the moments when the signal is crossing
`
`a zero line. So the IBI sequence 166 gets every new value
`at the moment of next crossing of the zero line. The
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`sequence of the interbeat intervals also called
`the
`periodogram has an irregular nature,
`in other words,
`time intervals between its elements are not constant. This
`
`is because of the moments when next PPG peak occurs are
`
`not predictable. The micro-controller then does a re-
`sampling procedure to convert a periodogram into a
`stabilized sequence of IBI values by means of linear
`interpolation 168. This allows for the processing of
`signals to do spectral analysis of IBis to evaluate the
`various physiological parameters.
`While this invention has been described in connection
`
`with preferred embodiments thereof, it is obvious that
`modifications and changes therein may be made by those
`skilled in the art to which it pertains without departing
`from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly,
`the scope of this invention is to be limited only by the
`appended claims and equivalents.
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`PERSONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITOR
`
`CLAIMS
`What is claimed as invention is:
`1.
`A personal physiological monitoring apparatus
`for monitoring autonomic nervous system balance,
`
`comprising:
`a sensor unit;
`
`power means;
`a plurality of sensors operatively located in said
`sensor unit so as to be in contact with the skin of the
`user when in use, said sensors selected from the group
`consisting of photoplethysmograph (PPG) sensors, galvanic
`skin response (GSR) sensors, and peripheral skin
`temperature (TMP) sensors, said sensors for the
`acquisition and transmission of raw physiological data;
`sensor circuits connecting said sensors to said power
`
`means;
`a data processing unit electrically connected to
`power means and to said plurality of sensors, said data
`processing unit receiving the raw physiological data
`transmitted by said sensors and including means for
`evaluating the raw data for autonomic nervous system
`balance and for providing display output; and
`display means for displaying the display output from
`said data processing unit.
`2.
`The apparatus of claim 1 further including
`memory means for collecting the raw physiological data for
`downloading the data to a remote computer.
`3
`The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said memory
`means comprises a flash memory module.
`4.
`The apparatus of claim 1 further including
`transmission means for transmitting raw physiological data
`to a remote computer having means for evaluating said data
`to assess ANS functioning and balance.
`5.
`The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said
`transmission means comprises a wireless infrared module.
`6.
`The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said
`transmission means comprises a wireless radio frequency
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`module.
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said
`Ts
`transmission means provides continuous real-time data
`transmission to a remote computer.
`8.
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said display
`means comprises a video display monitor.
`9.
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said display
`means comprises a flexible wristband having an LCD
`
`display.
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said sensors
`10.
`include at least one PPG sensor for transmission of a raw
`
`PPG signal to said data processing unit.
`11.
`The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said data
`processing unit includes means for computing interbeat
`intervals from the raw PPG signal and resampling the
`interbeat interval sequence with a linear interpolation
`
`procedure.
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said sensor
`12.
`unit comprises a glove having embedded sensors that bring
`sensors into contact with the wearer’s skin when in use..
`
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said sensor
`13.
`unit comprises a finger sensor pad and further includes
`means for securing said finger sensor pad to the finger of
`a user, and further including a data interface connecting
`
`said finger sensor pad to a computer.
`14.
`The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said sensor
`unit comprises a computer mouse, and further includes a
`data interface connecting said mouse to a computer.
`15.
`A method of monitoring autonomic nervous system
`
`functioning, comprising the steps of:
`providing a personal physiological monitoring
`apparatus for monitoring autonomic nervous system balance,
`said apparatus comprising a sensor unit, power means, a
`plurality of sensors operatively located in said sensor
`unit so as to be in contact with the skin of the user when
`in use, said sensors selected from the group consisting of
`photoplethysmograph (PPG) sensors, galvanic skin response
`(GSR) sensors, and peripheral skin temperature (TMP)
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`25
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`30
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`35
`
`0013
`
`0013
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`
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`WO 00/44274
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`PCT/US00/02418
`
`12
`
`sensors, said sensors for the acquisition and transmission
`of raw physiological data, sensor circuits connecting said
`sensors to said power means, a data processing unit
`electrically connected to power means and to said
`plurality of sensors, said data processing unit receiving
`the raw physiological data transmitted by said sensors and
`including means for evaluating the raw data for autonomic
`nervous system balance and for providing display output,
`and display means for displaying the display output from
`said data processing unit; and
`securing said sensor unit to the skin of the subject
`to be monitored.
`16.
`The method of claim 15 wherein said sensor unit
`
`comprises at least one PPG sensor.
`17.
`The method of claim 16 wherein said data
`processing unit includes means for computing interbeat
`intervals from the raw PPG signal and resampling the
`interbeat interval sequence with a linear interpolation
`
`procedure.
`18.
`The method of claim 17 wherein said personal
`physiological monitor includes transmission means for
`transmitting both raw signals and said interbeat intervals
`
`to a computer.
`19.
`The method of claim 18 wherein said personal
`physiological monitor includes a built in flash memory for
`storing physiological data and means for downloading said
`data to a computer at a later time.
`20.
`The method of claim 15 wherein said sensor unit
`ef said personal physiological monitor comprises a glove
`having embedded sensors that bring said sensors into
`contact with the skin of the user when worn in use, and
`
`further includes a flexible wristband having an LCD
`display operatively connected to said data processing
`unit.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
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`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`0014
`
`0014
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`
`
`WO 00/44274
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`PCT/US00/02418
`
`
`FIG._2a
`
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET(RULE26)
`
`0015
`
`0015
`
`
`
`WO 00/44274
`
`PCT/US00/02418
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE26)
`
`0016
`
`0016
`
`
`
`WO 00/44274
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`PCT/US00/02418
`
`3/6
`
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`
`WO 00/44274
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`PCT/US00/02418
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`tO osoe 4/6ee 1
`
`
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`
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`
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`CONTROL
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`
`128
`
`130
`
`132
`
`IC
`
`MODULE1
`STANDARD MOUSE
`ENVIRONMENT
`
`108
`
`|
`
`134
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` 136
`
`PERSONAL
`COMPUTER
`
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`122
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`120
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`=
`MODULE2
`MOUSE INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITOR
`— mee eee eee ee eee eee eee ee ee ee ee OCT OO’ ee eer sr ee ee
`FIG._5
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`0018
`
`0018
`
`
`
`WO 00/44274
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`PCT/US00/02418
`
`5/6
`
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`WO 00/44274
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`PCT/US00/02418
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`168
`
`FIG._7
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`162
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`160
`
`164
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`166
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE26)
`
`0020
`
`0020
`
`