EXHIBIT 2129
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`EXHIBIT 2129
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`

`United States Patent
`[19]
`[11] Patent Number:
`6,081,742
`
`Amano et al.
`[45] Date of Patent:
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`US006081742A
`
`[54] ORGANISM STATE MEASURING DEVICE
`AND RELAXATION INSTRUCTING DEVICE
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Kazuhiko Amano, Suwa; Kazuo
`Uebaba, Yokohama; Hitoshi Ishiyama,
`Toride, all of Japan
`.
`.
`.
`[73] Ass1gnee: Seiko Epson Corporation, Tokyo,
`Japan
`
`.
`[21] Appl‘ No“
`[22]
`PCT Filed:
`
`09/068’755
`Sep. 4, 1997
`
`[86]
`
`PCT No.2
`
`PCT/JP97/03108
`
`§ 371 Date:
`
`Aug. 4, 1998
`
`§ 102(e) Date: Aug. 4, 1998
`
`[87]
`
`PCT PUb' N05 W098/10699
`
`Japan.
`3/1977
`52—39983
`Japan .
`1/1987
`62—22627
`Japan.
`5/1992
`4—51912
`JaPan~
`4436207 12/1992
`Japan~
`4348761 12/1992
`Japan.
`5—37420
`2/1993
`Japan.
`5—76501
`3/1993
`J
`.
`5—200001
`81993
`apan
`5_200004
`£51993
`Japan .
`Japan .
`6—142082
`5/1994
`Japan .
`6—22325
`6/1994
`Japan .
`7—88092
`4/1995
`Japan ~
`60409633
`7/1995
`Japan .
`6—227383
`8/1995
`2 258 149
`2/1993 United Kingdom .
`2 259 772
`3/1993 United Kingdom .
`
`Primary Examiner—William E. Kamm
`Assistant Examiner—Carl H. Layno
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Eric B. Janofsky
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`[30]
`Sep. 10, 1996
`[JP]
`Japan .................................... 8-239608
`
`Int. Cl.7 ........................................................ A61B 5/04
`[51]
`[52] US. Cl.
`............................................. 600/513; 600/484
`[58] Field Of Search ..................................... 600/483, 484,
`600/513
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U. S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,805,629
`5,360,008
`577597156
`5,776,070
`5,830,148
`
`2/1989 Farges .
`.......................... 600/484
`11/1994 Campbell, Jr.
`6/1998 Hayakawa 6t ‘11:
`'
`7/1998 Kitazawa et al.
`....................... 600/483
`.
`11/1998 Inukai et al.
`.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`0 645 117
`0 659 384
`2341948
`49—65084
`
`EuroPean Pat’ Ofl'
`3/1995
`6/1995 European Pat. Off.
`3/1973 Germany .
`6/1974
`Japan .
`
`‘
`.
`
`Devices are known for measuring a subj ect’s respiratory rate
`based on the subject’s pulse wave or level of electrocardio-
`gram. When the subject is exercising or carrying out daily
`activities, however, an electromyogram becomes imposed
`on the cardiogram waveform, so that a body motion com-
`ponent IS superimposed on the pulse wave. ThIS leads to an
`incorrect measured result. To overcome this drawback, a
`portable portion in the form of a wristwatch worn by the
`subject and a personal computer comprising device main
`body 330 are provided. Aphotoelectric pulse wave sensor is
`attached to the base of the subject’s finger, and the pulse
`waveform is measured. An acceleration sensor is provided to
`the portable portion, and employed to detect the subject’s
`body motion spectrum. Device main body 330 performs a
`~
`~
`Window function on the pulse wave, and removes the
`.
`.
`.
`acceleration component, so that the body motion spectrum is
`removed from the frequency spectrum of the pulse wave.
`Using the obtained result, the respiratory rate and change
`rate of the respiratory rate are generated.
`
`18 Claims, 24 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 1 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 1
`
`
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun.27,2000
`
`Sheetz 0f24
`
`6,081,742
`
`
`
`zo_H_zwoomm
`
`mmmzzz
`
`mmomoomm
`
`m
`
`mam
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 3 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 3
`
`
`
`FIG. 4
`
`P1
`
`“ P2 P3
`ii‘ik
`Ill-W
`
`p4 P5
`
`yany” IIIIL
`
`4
`
`t6
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun.27,2000
`
`Sheet4 0f24
`
`6,081,742
`
`Fwy
`
`Pm
`
`map
`
`:1
`
`M I CROGOMPUTER
`
`mom
`
`No
`
`
`
`mwomo-ommN
`
`
`
`
`
`>mosw=F_:om_oH58:0
`
`zo_p<2momz_zo_HOMHmo4<_Hzmmmmm_o
`
`wz_>02
`
`mw<mm><
`
`.—_Dom_omoEJDOIZO
`
`«an?ITo<m:._<>smegma;
`
`
`mosmdm_-
`
`mmpzsoommmmoo<0Q
`
`«a?
`
`4<zo_m-ESE;“.5m\<m2;mg:
`525.m?wea
`>mosws
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 5 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 6
`
`
`
`PEAK
`
`I NFORMAT | ON
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 6 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`w
`
`c9"
`
`O
`
`'
`
`.-’
`
`!
`.i
`
`E
`
`-
`
`5
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`'
`
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`
`i
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`a.)
`:3
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`2
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`o
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`LO
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`:3
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`LL! On
`a: I
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`as
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`CD
`
`IPR2017—00317
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 7 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FREQUENCY (Hz)
`
`00
`
`O
`
`0
`
`03
`
`FIG.9AFIG.QB
`
`WWW J,
`
`0123456 TIME
`
`(min)
`
`Trend
`
`
`
`BLOODPRESSUREVALUEy1
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 8 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
` II I l
`
`101
`
`102
`
`104
`
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 9 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`
`
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 10 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 12
`
`
`
`101
`
`102 104
`
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 11 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 13
`
`
`
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 12 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 14
`
`
`
`75a
`
`
`
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 13 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 15
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`E
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 14 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 17
`
`------ ;..
`"
`
`flx“ 503
`
`«agar/1. 55‘
`
`501
`
`FIG. 18
`
`ANOMALY
`
`DETECTION
`
`SIGNAL
`
`
`ANOMALY
`DETECTION
`
`CIRCUIT
`
`565
`
`DRIVE ORDER
`
`
`
`561
`
`500,600
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 15 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FICB. 193
`
`518 504 507
`
`509
`
`526 508 552 553
`
`551
`
`
`wmymm :5; “w.{1"ng 503
`m "9:“ ““’
`”fix
`“5‘
`
`a ”Ill/mm:
`
`
`
`
`
`3 517
`
`516
`
`502
`
`522
`
`525
`
`505 1
`
`F1C3.12C)
`
`
`
`
`507
`
`509
`
`
`526
`
`508
`
`552 553551
`
`
`518
`
`7011mm 52323215532? “W”
`“Ffl“.““‘““'—ij€§
`
`
`
`
`
`
`505 1
`
`l
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 16 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 21
`
`102
`
`11
`
`SENSOR UNIT
`
`ACCELERATION SENSOR
`
`LOW?
`
`10
`
`TH
`
`12
`
`FIRST FFT PROCESSOR
`
`SECOND FFT PROCESSOR
`
`BODY MOTION REMOVING MEMBER
`
`PULSE RATE, RESPIRATORY
`RATE EXTRACTING MEMBER
`
`TFD
`
`13
`
`MJ
`
`TO PERSONAL
`COMPUTER
`
`
`
`
`T0 PERSONAL
`COMPUTER
`
`TO PERSONAL
`
`COMPUTER
`
`CHANGE-RATE—OF*
`
`RESPIRATORY-RATE
`
`CALCULATOR
`
`COMPARING MEMBER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DISPLAY
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 17 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 22A
`
`IWFD
`
`LEVEL
`
`vvww‘u—w-
`
`FIG. 22B
`
`_1\
`
`LEVEL
`
`_____--____--_.g .__-______--_____-_g
`
`Ft2 Ft4 FtS
`
`FIG. 220
`
`____..
`
`._|
`LIJ
`>
`LIJ
`._|
`
`Fv1
`
`Fnfl
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun.27,2000
`
`Sheet18 0f24
`
`6,081,742
`
`NNNo_
`
`mum.mu_n_
`
`mp<m>mOH<m_mem
`
`
`
`mmmsmsoz_Ho<mhxmo_I:
`
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`om
`
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`
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`
`mmmzmswz_m<asoo
`
`Hzmzomsoom><zmw42a
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`
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`
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`
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`
`mmmsm:wz_Ho<mem
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`
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`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 19 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`LEVEL
`
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`EXHIBIT 2129 — PAGE 21
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27, 2000
`
`Sheet 20 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 25A
`
`Fm1
`
`FIG. 258
`
`f
`
`f
`
`_1
`LLI
`
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`
`LI
`_1
`
`_l
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`
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`
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`
`f1 f21(3sz
`
`f6 f8 I10 f12 f14
`
`f5;
`
`I7
`
`I9
`
`11
`
`I13
`
`IPR2017—00317
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 21 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`
`
`
`
`E<D §
`
`u.
`
`(5
`2
`—‘
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`
`IPR2017—003I7
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`

`

`n
`
`
`
`S.@5356:8;
`
`eO5Om.mmnmmP4|1
`
`6,081,742
`
`.r....._r.....__r.....6M.uuu_.f_._.—0_____2._nnuo2__IIIII.llllllrIIIIIrllw"rruu5_—2uu,wI__I.IIIIIrltoG_r....."r........”ru4MIIn_nn__m.FuHum9."H"IIIIIIm:IIIIIIIIIrIIIIIIIMW._muunJ_____.____—.0w.....w..........vuuuuuuu2__—t__.
`.1-"fl______.___._.__uuuo__
`fl.....fl......fi.....m.....
`
`
`RESPIRATORY RATE (T I MES/m i n)
`
`FIG. 28
`
`I""'"""l"‘“"""l
`
`lIIlI
`
`l'"""'l'"“"“
`
`I'“-""F"""—1
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`EXHIBIT 2129 — PAGE 24
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`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 27,2000
`
`Sheet 23 0f 24
`
`6,081,742
`
`LO
`3
`
`q.
`
`B
`
` MULTIPL|ER
`PARALLEL
`TRANSLATOR
`
`FIG.29
`
`
`CONVERTER
`
` W1
`
`
`BASEFUNCTION
`RECORDER
`
`IPR2017—003 17
`CONDITIONAL MOTION TO AMEND
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`US. Patent
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`Jun. 27, 2000
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`Sheet 24 0f 24
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`6,081,742
`
`FIG. 30
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`I'""'"""I""'""""’
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`IIIIII IIIIlI
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`IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
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`A:_5mm:_5BEE053_ammm
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`O
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`20
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`120
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`140
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`PULSE RATE (TIMES/min)
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`IPR2017—003 17
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`EXHIBIT 2129 — PAGE 26
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`6,081,742
`
`1
`ORGANISM STATE MEASURING DEVICE
`AND RELAXATION INSTRUCTING DEVICE
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`invention relates to a physiological state
`The present
`measuring device suitable for monitoring health, and par-
`ticularly measuring the respiratory rate, during exercise. The
`present invention also concerns a relaxation guidance device
`which determines a subject’s degree of relaxation during
`meditation or exercise based on changes in the respiratory
`rate calculated by the aforementioned physiological state
`measuring device, and then guides the subject into a relaxed
`state by informing the subject of the result of the determi-
`nation.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`It is well known that the relationship between pulse and
`respiratory rates may serve as an indicator of a subject’s
`psychological or physical health. For example, in the case of
`illness, the pulse rate/respiratory rate ratio may increase or
`decrease.
`
`The following is known about the relationship between
`the respiratory rate and the physiological state. Namely:
`(i) There is a large change rate of the respiratory rate when
`a subject is at rest
`(ii) The change rate of the respiratory rate becomes small
`when the subject performs exercise of moderate inten-
`sity
`(iii) During intense exercise, regular breathing becomes
`impossible and the change rate of the respiratory rate
`becomes large
`Autonomic training, also known as concentrated self-
`relaxation technique, is known to be helpful in promoting or
`restoring health by reducing tension. This type of training
`emphasizes placing the mind in a state of relaxation.
`However, the subject may become too focused on his efforts
`to relax, so that tension results instead. Breathing exercise
`has been developed as a part of autonomic training, to aid the
`subject in easing tension and shifting into a state of relax-
`ation. For example,
`the subject chants a phrase such as
`“breath slowly” to himself repeatedly. As a result, the subject
`is able to enter a state of relaxation.
`
`Various Eastern meditation and health methods empha-
`size breathing manner. For example, regularity of breathing
`in very important
`in Zen meditation which teaches the
`subject
`to regulate “the body, breathing and mind.”
`Similarly, breathing exercise is one of the eight training
`steps in yoga. In addition, meditation employs abdominal
`breathing. These Eastern breathing methods share the com-
`mon feature of training the subject to conduct abdominal
`breathing, in order to accomplish mental relaxation.
`The change rate of the respiratory rate is known to
`decrease when the mind has been placed in a relaxed such
`as described above.
`Considerable medical attention has also been directed on
`
`respiration during sleep. As a result, it is now known that
`there is a high likelihood of sudden death in the presence of
`apnea syndromes. In Eastern medicine, the heart rate of a
`healthy subject is viewed to be four times of his respiratory
`rate. A heart rate which is less than this is referred to as a
`
`slow pulse, while a heart rate which is greater than this is
`called a fast pulse. In these cases, it is very likely that the
`subject suffers from some sort of physiological illness. In
`other words, the respiration pulse rate ratio may become
`indicator of health. Moreover, the present inventors discov-
`ered that this respiration pules rate relationship is maintained
`during exercise.
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`Namely, subjects with slow pulse frequently suffer from
`parasympathetic dominance, asthma, autonomic
`imbalances, hynoteneion, and so on. On the other hand,
`subjects with fast pulse frequently suffer from high blood
`pressure, pneumonia, hepatitis, or other inflammatory dis-
`eases. Accordingly, if data can be obtained for pulse and
`respiratory rates during daily activities,
`it
`is possible to
`estimate the subject’s state of health.
`In recent years,
`however, there has also been an increasing need to detect a
`subject’s physiological state not only during daily activities,
`but also when the subject is active or exercising (pulse rate,
`arrhythmia, respiratory rate, etc.), such as in the case of
`scientific training or health monitoring of an athlete.
`How the respiratory rate is measured is an important
`problem. Typical method for measuring the respiratory rate
`in a sedentary subject, such as a sick patient,
`include
`applying a band around the subject’s chest or stomach, and
`then counting the number of expansions and contractions, or
`inserting a thermocouple in the subject’s nostrils and count-
`ing the variation in the resistance value. However, employ-
`ing such devices in a subject who is monitoring his daily
`health, or who is carrying out training would provide a
`considerable inconvenience.
`
`A frequency analysis RR interval fluctuation in an elec-
`trocardiogram at rest reveals the presence of a component
`corresponding to the respiratory rate. Since the pulse wave
`is synchronized with the electrocardiogram, a component
`corresponding to the respiratory rate should be also included
`in the frequency analysis of the fluctuation pattern of the
`pulse wave cycle (or the pulse wave amplitude).
`A device has been disclosed which measures the respira-
`tory rate based on an electrocardiogram or pulse wave, by
`extracting this component. For example, Japanese Patent
`Application Show 62-22627 discloses calculating the respi-
`ratory rate by measuring continuous pulse intervals, mea-
`suring the cycle of fluctuation in these pulse intervals, and
`then taking the reciprocal of the cycle of fluctuation.
`JPUA 451912 discloses a technique in which a first
`respiratory rate is detected based on the fluctuation in the
`envelope formed by the peak values of the pulse waveform
`or the cycle of fluctuation in the RR interval in the waveform
`of the electrocardiac waveform, a second respiratory rate is
`detected by detecting the up-and-down motion of the surface
`of the subject’s trunk, and recording and displaying the
`lower of these two respiratory rates.
`JPUA 4136207 discloses estimating the respiratory rate
`based on the fluctuation cycle in the amplitude of the pulse
`waveform, and calculating the average value of the pulse
`waveform (the wave in the low frequency component). By
`employing data obtained during the average value trend is
`small, the influence from swell or noise can be reduced.
`JPA 6142082 discloses multiplying a subject’s maximum
`blood pressure value and pulse rate which are successively
`obtained, and then calculating the respiratory rate based on
`the pulse cycle of the multiplied value. JPUB 622325
`discloses a technique for determining the respiratory rate
`based on the cycle of fluctuation of a curved line connecting
`peak values in the pulse wave.
`Accordingly, the present inventors hypothesized that the
`relationships described above were maintained during
`exercise, i.e., that the respiratory rate could be estimated
`based on an electrocardiogram or pulse wave during exer-
`cise. Clinical studies were carried out to test this hypothesis.
`As a result, it was understood that a component correspond-
`ing to respiratory rate is present in the frequency component
`of the pulse wave fluctuation or the RR interval fluctuation
`of an electrocardiogram during exercise.
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`IPR2017—003 17
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`EXHIBIT 2129 — PAGE 27
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`6,081,742
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`3
`However, in the case of an exercising subject, an elec-
`tromyogram is superimposed on the electrocardiogram
`waveform, while a body motion component gets superim-
`posed on the pulse wave. Since these components have a
`higher level
`than the components corresponding to the
`respiratory rate, calculations were carried out using an
`incorrect respiratory rate based on components obtained
`during exercise.
`The present invention was conceived in consideration of
`the above circumstances, and has its objective of the pro-
`vision of a physiological state measuring device which can
`accurately and easily measure a subject’s respiratory rate,
`particularly during exercise. It is another objective of the
`present invention to provide a device which extracts the
`respiratory component from the pulse wave, and then guides
`the subject based on the rate of change in the extracted
`component, so that the subject enters a relaxed mental state.
`DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
`
`invention was conceived in view of the
`The present
`above-described circumstances. The invention according to
`claim 1 is characterized in the provision of a circulatory
`system information detecting means for detecting informa-
`tion about the subject’s circulatory system; and an extracting
`means for extracting a region determined according to the
`pulse or heart rate from among the results of frequency
`analysis on the detected circulatory system information, and
`measuring the respiratory rate of the subject based on the
`extracted region.
`The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in the
`provision of a circulatory system information detecting
`means for detecting information about the subject’s circu-
`latory system; an extracting means for extracting a region
`determined according to the pulse or heart rate from the
`among the frequency spectrums for the detected circulatory
`system information; and a measuring means for measuring
`the subject’s respiratory rate based on the frequency spec-
`trum in the extracted range.
`The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that
`the circulatory system information is the amount of change
`in the cycle of the pulse wave or the level of the electro-
`cardiogram.
`The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that
`the circulatory system information is the amount of change
`in the amplitude value of the pulse wave or the level of the
`electrocardiogram.
`The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in the
`provision of a portable portion which is attached to the
`subject for detecting the circulatory system information, and
`a main portion designed to enable communication with the
`portable portion.
`The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in the
`provision of a body motion removing means for removing
`the body motion spectrum corresponding to the subject’s
`body motion from the frequency spectrum extracted by the
`extracting means, wherein the subject’s respiratory rate is
`generated based on the output from the body motion remov-
`ing means.
`The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that
`the body motion removing means is provided with a body
`motion detecting means for detecting the subject’s body
`motion; a body motion spectrum detecting means for deter-
`mining the body motion spectrum corresponding to the
`subject’s body motion, based on the results detected by the
`body motion detecting means; and a body motion correcting
`means for removing the body motion spectrum from the
`frequency spectrum extracted by the extracting means.
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`The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that
`the body motion removing means is provided with a fun-
`damental frequency table in which associations have been
`created in advance for the respiratory fundamental fre-
`quency and the body motion fundamental frequency accord-
`ing to the change in exercise intensity; and a frequency
`specifying member for referencing the fundamental fre-
`quency table and specifying the respiratory fundamental
`frequency and the body motion fundamental frequency from
`among the frequency spectrums extracted by the extracting
`means; wherein the respiratory rate is calculated based on
`the respiratory fundamental frequency specified by the fre-
`quency specifying member.
`The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that
`the body motion detecting means detects acceleration of the
`subject’s arms, and the body motion correcting means
`removes the body motion spectrum corresponding to the
`frequency of the acceleration from the frequency spectrum.
`The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in
`the provision of a warning means for providing a warning
`relying on the subject’s five senses, when the measured
`respiratory rate is outside a specific range.
`The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in
`the provision of a calculating means for calculating the
`change rate of the respiratory rate based on the measured
`respiratory rate.
`The invention according to claim 12 is characterized in
`the provision of a communicating means for sending and
`receiving information including indicators of physiological
`state to and from an external device which is provided
`separately from the main body of the device.
`The invention according to claim 13 is characterized in
`that the communicating means is provided with a recogni-
`tion information recording means in which particular rec-
`ognition numbers are provided, wherein a recognition num-
`ber is associated with communicated information and sent
`
`between the external device and the device main body.
`The invention according to claim 14 is characterized in
`that data transmission between the device main body and the
`external device is carried out using compressed data.
`The invention according to claim 15 is a relaxation
`guidance device employing the aforementioned physiologi-
`cal state measuring device, characterized in the provision of
`an indicator generating means for generating indicators
`showing the subject’s degree of relaxation based on the
`change rate of the respiratory rate calculated by the calcu-
`lating means, and a notifying means for notifying the subject
`of the indicator.
`
`The invention according to claim 16 is characterized in
`that the indicator generating means generates an indicator
`showing the subject’s degree of relaxation based on a
`comparison between a threshold value and the change rate of
`the respiratory rate.
`The invention according to claim 17 is characterized in
`that the indicator generating means is provided with a pulse
`rate calculating means for determining pulse rate based on
`circulatory system information, a rate-of-change-in-pulse-
`rate calculating means for calculating the rate of change in
`the pulse rate; and a threshold value table for storing in
`advance threshold values which have been associated with
`
`rates of change in the pulse rate; wherein the indicator
`generating means references the rate of change in the pulse
`rate calculated by the rate-of-change-in-pulse-rate calculat-
`ing means, reads out the threshold values from the threshold
`value table, and generates indicators showing the subject’s
`degree of relaxation based on the threshold value.
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`CONDITIONAL MOTION TO AMEND
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`VALENCELL, INC.
`EXHIBIT 2129 — PAGE 28
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`6,081,742
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`5
`The invention according to claim 18 is provided with a
`communicating means which sends the change rate of the
`respiratory rate calculated by the calculating means, and
`receives the indicator generated by the indicator generating
`means which is provided to the external device, to and from
`the external device which is provided external to the main
`body of the device, wherein the subject is notified of the
`indicator by the notifying means provided to the device main
`body.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
`
`FIG. 1 shows a wristwatch incorporating the device
`according to the first and second embodiments of the present
`invention, and a personal computer which carries out optical
`communications with the device.
`
`FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram showing the transmis-
`sion device provided inside the input/output interface incor-
`porated in the device according to the first and second
`embodiments of the present invention.
`FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the photoelectric pulse wave
`sensor (sensor unit 102).
`FIG. 4 shows the correspondence between waveform
`parameters and the waveform of a single beat in the pulse
`wave.
`
`FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of
`parameter extracting member 180.
`FIG. 6 shows an example of the radius artery waveform
`stored in waveform memory 184.
`FIG. 7 shows the memory contents of peak information
`memory 205.
`FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the electrocardio-
`gram and the pulse wave.
`FIGS. 9A and 9B show the fingertip plethysmogram
`envelope, the components making up the envelope, and the
`results obtained when spectral analysis is performed on the
`fingertip plethysmogram envelope.
`FIG. 10 shows an arrangement in which a photoelectric
`pulse wave sensor and a wristwatch have been combined,
`and the photoelectric pulse wave sensor has been attached to
`the base of the finger.
`FIG. 11 is a planar view showing the structure of the
`wristwatch employed in the embodiment 10 in greater detail.
`FIG. 12 shows an arrangement in which a photoelectric
`pulse wave sensor and a wristwatch have been combined,
`and the photoelectric pulse wave sensor has been attached to
`the fingertip.
`FIG. 13 shows an arrangement in which the photoelectric
`pulse wave sensor has been incorporated into a necklace.
`FIG. 14 shows an arrangement in which the photoelectric
`pulse wave sensor has been combined with a pair of eye-
`glasses
`FIG. 15 shows a face chart employed as the notifying
`means.
`
`FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the wristwatch in an
`
`example in which the notifying means has been incorporated
`inside the watch, in the case where notification is carried out
`using a piezo element to create vibration.
`FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of
`micropump 501 according to the present invention.
`FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the structure of the
`driving member for driving micropump 501.
`FIG. 19 is an explanatory figure of the operation of
`micropump 501.
`
`6
`FIG. 20 is an explanatory figure of the operation of
`micropump 501.
`FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing the functional struc-
`ture of the first embodiment.
`
`FIGS. 22A, 22B and 22C show an example of the
`relationship between pulse wave analysis date MFD, body
`motion analysis date TFD and pulse wave analysis data
`MKD from which body motion has been removed, accord-
`ing to the same embodiment.
`FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing the functional struc-
`ture of the third embodiment.
`
`FIG. 24 shows the relationship between pulse wave
`analysis data MFD and the cut-off frequency fc of the low
`pass filter.
`FIG. 25(a) shows pulse wave component analysis data
`MD;
`
`FIG. 25(b) shows analysis data MD' from which the pulse
`wave component has been removed.
`FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the detailed func-
`tional structure of respiratory rate extracting member 22.
`FIG. 27 shows the results of experiments to measure the
`relationship between running pitch and respiratory rate.
`FIG. 28 shows the relationship between the fundamental
`frequency Ft1 of the body motion component and the
`fundamental frequency Fv1 of the respiratory rate compo-
`nent.
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`FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing the detailed structure
`of the wavelet transformer.
`
`FIG. 30 shows an example of the pulse rate and respira-
`tory rate during running.
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`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`
`1. Theoretical Basis of Embodiments
`1.1 Definition of Waveform Parameter
`
`The waveform of one beat of the pulse wave has a shape
`as shown in FIG. 4. Blood pressure values are plotted along
`the vertical axis in this figure, with time noted along the
`horizontal axis. The following is defined as a waveform
`parameter for specifying the shape of this type of pulse
`waveform.
`
`(1) t6: time from the rise in the pulse wave corresponding to
`one beat (hereinafter, referred to as “pulse wave start
`time”) until the beginning of the rise in the pulse wave
`corresponding to the next beat
`(2) y1~y52 blood pressure values at maximum point P1,
`minimum point P2, maximum point P3, minimum point
`P4, and maximum point P5, which successively appear in
`the pulse wave
`(3) t1~t52 elapsed time from the pulse wave start time until
`the appearance of points P1~P5, respectively
`(4) TIM“: time (pulse wave cycle) after the appearance of
`point P1 until the appearance of the next point P1
`1.2 Waveform Extraction Recording Member
`In order to calculate the waveform parameter, information
`is extracted that is related to each of the aforementioned
`
`maximum and minimum points. This information is referred
`to as “peak information”. The waveform extraction record-
`ing member described below extracts the peak information
`from the pulse waveforms which have been taken up. Since
`the details of the peak information are related to the structure
`and operation of the waveform extraction recording
`member, a more detailed description thereof will be made
`when the structure of the circuit is explained.
`
`IPR2017—003 17
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`CONDITIONAL MOTION TO AMEND
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`EXHIBIT 2129 — PAGE 29
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`7
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`6,081,742
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`1.3 Pulse Wave Sensor (sensor