`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`Duk San Neolux Co., Ltd.,
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.,
`Patent Owner
`
`CASE IPR2016-00148
`
`Patent No. 9,056,870
`
`PETITIONER’S OPPOSITION TO
`PATENT OWNER’S MOTION TO EXCLUDE
`
`Date: January 20, 2017
`
`Mail Stop Patent Board
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent and Trademark
`Office P. O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 1
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Case IPR2016-00148
`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`I.
`
`Introduction
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`Eschewing the opportunity to substantively respond through normal
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`channels to evidence submitted by Petitioner in its Reply (Paper 17), Patent Owner
`
`(“PO”) has instead filed a Motion to Exclude Evidence (“the Motion”) (Paper 26)
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`that seeks to bar any consideration of the evidence by the Board. PO’s Motion,
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`however,
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`lacks merit as it conflates the proper legal standard for excluding
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`evidence with an attempt to rebut the substance of the evidence
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`Each of the Exhibits that PO desires excluded, i.e., Exhibits 1028, 1029,
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`1030, 1031, 1032, and portions of Exhibit 1033, were properly introduced, as being
`
`responsive to assertions made by PO in its submissions to this Board or to merely
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`provide evidence of the state of the art at the time of filing of U.S. Patent No.
`
`9,056,870. Accordingly, those exhibits are probative and admissible, and PO’s
`
`attempts to rebut their significance while arguing against their admission should be
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`rejected. PO’s Motion to Exclude should therefore be denied.
`
`II.
`
`PO’s Motion to Exclude is Facially Improper and Amounts to an
`Unauthorized Sur-Reply
`As a threshold matter, motions to exclude in an inter partes review (IPR)
`
`proceeding are limited to issues of admissibility based on evidentiary rules. 37
`
`C.F.R. § 42.64; Office Patent Trial Practice Guide, 77 Fed. Reg. 48,756, 48,767
`
`(Aug. 14, 2012); Liberty Mutual Inc. Co. v. Progressive Casualty Inc. Co.,
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 2
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Case IPR2016-00148
`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`CBM2012-00002, Paper 66 at 61 (PTAB Jan. 23, 2014). In fact, other panels of the
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`Board have consistently held -- and admonished parties -- that a motion to exclude
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`“is not an opportunity to file a sur-reply, and also is not a mechanism to argue
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`that a reply contains new arguments or relies on evidence necessary to make out a
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`prima facie case.” Liberty Mutual Inc., Paper 66 at 61-62; see also Google, Inc. v.
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`Visual Real Estate, Inc., IPR2014-01339, Paper 39 at 37 (PTAB Jan. 25, 2016)
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`(finding arguments were improperly raised in a motion to exclude)
`
`(emphasis
`
`added).
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`In addition, as reiterated by the Board in Abb Inc. v. ROY-G-BIV Corp.,
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`IPR2013-00074, “[a] motion to exclude evidence is not the proper vehicle for
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`resolution of a dispute regarding reply arguments and evidence exceeding the
`
`proper scope of a reply…If an issue arises regarding whether a reply argument or
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`evidence in support of a reply exceeds the scope of a proper reply, the parties
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`should contact the Board to discuss the issue.” Abb Inc. v. ROY-G-BIV Corp.,
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`IPR2013-00074, Paper 80 at 13-14 (PTAB Apr. 11, 2014) (emphasis added).
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`In the present case, a conference was held with the Board on Friday,
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`December 2, 2016 at 12:30 p.m. During the conference, PO’s representative
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`moved to “strike in whole or in part the petitioner's reply or in the alternative at
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`least the authorization to file a list or supply identifying the arguments that are
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 3
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`Case IPR2016-00148
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`believed to not be proper replies.” See Ex. 2024 at page 4, lines 17-23. Pursuant
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`to this request, the Board agreed to allow PO to submit a list, identifying by page
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`and line number in the reply and in the declaration what it believes constituted new
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`matter. Id. at page 8, lines 8-12. PO filed such a paper on December 9, 2016.
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`Now, disregarding the applicable rules and prior Board decisions, PO is
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`improperly using the Motion as a mechanism to argue that the Reply contains new
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`arguments. PO outright states that “Exhibits 1028–1033 are submitted to support
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`arguments beyond the proper scope of a Reply (37 C.F.R. § 42.23(b)) and therefore
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`lack relevance (Fed. R. Evid. 402).” Motion, p. 4, last para. Prior to substantively
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`attacking facts set forth in Exhibits 1028-1033, PO continues to argue that Ex 1033,
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`in particular, is further irrelevant because it allegedly exceeds the scope of a proper
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`reply.
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`Regarding the improper use of the Motion as a sur-reply, Petitioner notes
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`that PO presents substantive arguments in response to Petitioner’s Reply and
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`supporting documents. For example, PO asserts that “Dr. Schwartz’s assertions
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`with respect to oxidative stability are an attempt to confuse the issues.” Motion at
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`p. 8, first full para.
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`In addition, in the paragraph bridging pages 11 and 12, PO
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`argues that:
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`In ¶¶ 8, 11–13, 22, 28, 34, 37–40, 45–47, 49, 55, 58–60, 63–67, 69, 73,
`76, 78, and 80 of Exhibit 1033, Dr. Schwartz mischaracterizes the
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 4
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`Case IPR2016-00148
`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`the cited references. For
`teachings of
`instance, Dr. Schwartz
`mischaracterizes the disclosure of Heil, stating that “Heil’s broadest
`statement could be B, C, Si, O, S, N and P (6:18-21).” Ex. 1033, ¶ 28;
`see also id. at ¶ 34, 49, 55. Heil, however, sets for 14 different X
`groups, stating that “X is on each occurrence, identically or differently,
`a divalent bridge selected from B(R1), C(R1)2, Si(R1)2, C=O,
`C=NR1, C=C(R1)2, O, S, S=O, SO2, N(R1), P(R1), P(=O)R1,
`P(=S)R1 or a combination of 2, 3 or 4 of these systems.” Ex. 1015, at
`6:18–21.
`(Emphasis added.)
`
`In the paragraph immediately following the above, PO goes on to attack
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`additional substance in Dr. Schwartz’s second declaration (Ex. 1033), asserting
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`that Dr. Schwartz has mischaracterized the Kawaguchi reference as well.
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`As noted in Belden Inc. v. Berk-Tek LLC, 805 F.3d 1064, 1079 (Fed. Cir.
`
`2015), “[i]f the petitioner submits a new expert declaration with its Reply, the
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`patent owner can respond in multiple ways. It can cross-examine the expert and
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`move to file observations on the cross-examination. It can move to exclude the
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`declaration. It can dispute the substance of the declaration at oral hearing before
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`the Board. It can move for permission to submit a surreply responding to the
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`declaration's contents. And it can request that the Board waive or suspend a
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`regulation that the patent owner believes impairs its opportunity to respond to the
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`declaration. The options are not mutually exclusive.” Id at 1081.
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 5
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Case IPR2016-00148
`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`Of the several options PO had to choose from, PO has only moved for
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`exclusion of Ex. 1033. At no point during the present proceedings has PO sought
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`authorization from the Board to file a sur-reply. Additionally, PO expressly
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`declined the opportunity to cross-examine Dr. Schwartz.
`
`Interestingly, PO states
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`that “[b]ecause of the Patent Owner’s inability to respond to the untimely evidence
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`and arguments, Exhibits 1028–1033 are unfairly prejudicial (Fed. R. Evid. 403).”
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`Motion at p. 5, first para. However, PO has had the opportunity to consider and
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`respond to Petitioner’s Reply and related Exhibits.
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`Instead of following well
`
`established procedure, for example, and seeking to file a sur-reply, PO is
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`attempting to shoe-horn substantive arguments against the evidence of record in its
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`Motion to Exclude.
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`III. Exhibits 1028-1033 are Admissible
`
`A.
`
`Brief Summary of Relevant Legal Authority
`
`As unequivocally stated by the Federal Circuit in Genzyme Therapeutic
`
`Prods. L.P. v. Biomarin Pharm. Inc., 825 F.3d 1360 (Fed. Cir. 2016), “[t]he
`
`purpose of the trial in an inter partes review proceeding is to give the parties an
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`opportunity to build a record by introducing evidence—not simply to weigh
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`evidence of which the Board is already aware.”
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`Id. at 1367. Moreover, “the
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`introduction of new evidence in the course of the trial is to be expected in inter
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 6
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`partes review trial proceedings and, as long as the opposing party is given notice of
`
`the evidence and an opportunity to respond to it, the introduction of such evidence
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`is perfectly permissible....”
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`Id. at 1366.
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`In addition, as stated by the Federal
`
`Circuit in the Belden case, “[e]vidence admitted in rebuttal to respond to the patent
`
`owner's criticisms will commonly confirm the prima facie case. That does not
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`make it necessary to the prima facie case.” 805 F.3d 1064, 1079.
`
`In Ariosa Diagnostics v. Verinata Health, Inc., 805 F.3d 1359 (Fed. Cir.
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`2015), the court determined that it is improper for the Board to exclude an Exhibit
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`that is provided as further evidence of the background knowledge that a POSITA
`
`would have possessed on the basis that it was not identified at the petition stage as
`
`one of the pieces of prior art defining a combination for obviousness. The court
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`opined that “[a]rt can legitimately serve to document the knowledge that skilled
`
`artisans would bring to bear in reading the prior art identified as producing
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`obviousness.”
`
`Id at 1365 (citation omitted). Likewise, the court in Genzyme
`
`Therapeutic stated that “[t]his court has made clear that the Board may consider a
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`prior art reference to show the state of the art at the time of the invention,
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`regardless of whether that reference was cited in the Board's institution decision.”
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`825 F.3d at 1369.
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 7
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Case IPR2016-00148
`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`B.
`
`Exhibits 1028-1033 Rebut Patent Owner’s Arguments or
`Demonstrate The Level of Skill In The Art
`
`Petitioner maintains that the basis for obviousness of the challenged claims
`
`has not deviated from the grounds acknowledged by this Board in its Institution
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`Decision, which remain: (a) claims 1, 3, 4, and 14–26 are unpatentable as being
`
`obvious under 35 USC § 103(a) over Heil and Kawaguchi; (b) claims 1, 3, 4, 15,
`
`16, and 22–26 are unpatentable as being obvious under 35 USC § 103(a) over Kai
`
`and Kawaguchi; and (c) claim 21 is unpatentable as being obvious under 35 USC §
`
`103(a) over Kai, Kawaguchi, and Heil. Further, each of Exhibits 1028-1033 were
`
`properly submitted either in response to issues raised by PO in its Response or to
`
`establish the state of the art at the time of filing of U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870.
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`Exhibits 1028 and 1029, which are the Toray reference, and an English
`
`Translation thereof, are cited by Petitioner as evidence of state of the art, e.g., that
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`compounds having the same heteroacene backbone as Kawaguchi can be used as
`
`OLED materials. By providing evidence the state of the art at the time of filing,
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`Toray merely confirms that, in fact, the subject matter described in Kawaguchi
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`does also relate to OLED materials.
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`In paragraphs 32-34 of Exhibit 2007, Dr. Anthony attempted to distinguish
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`the teachings of Kawaguchi from Heil and Kai by implying that subject matter
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`described in Kawaguchi only “relates to unsymmetrical heteroacenes for OFET
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`devices.” Ex. 2007 at para. 32. Dr. Anthony went on to state that “OLEDs and
`
`OFETs are fundamentally different devices with respect to charge transport, and
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`even more so when considering the underlying organic semiconductor materials
`
`employed.” Id. at para. 34. By providing evidence of the state of the art at the
`
`time of filing, Toray merely confirms that, in fact, the subject matter described in
`
`Kawaguchi does also relate OLED materials.
`
`Exhibit 1030, the exact same exhibit submitted by PO as its Exhibit 2002, is
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`also cited to establish the state of the art at the time of filing. Exhibit 1030 (or
`
`2002 if PO would prefer) provides ample evidence of the level of skill in the art at
`
`the time of filing of U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870 and is of additional probative value
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`because it was initially cited by PO.
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`Exhibit 1031 is a publication authored by PO’s expert witness and was
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`initially identified by PO in Exhibit 2023, i.e., Dr. Anthony’s CV. Even though
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`PO itself implicitly introduced this reference, it argues that it is not relevant to any
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`ground upon which trial was instituted.
`
`Petitioner disagrees. Exhibit 1031
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`provides evidence that methods of preventing pi-stacking were well known by the
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`POSITA at the time of filing and is of additional probative value as it is from a
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`reference authored by PO’s expert. Again, Exhibit 1031 is being relied upon as
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`evidence of the level of skill in the art at the time of filing.
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 9
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
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`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`Regarding Exhibit 1032, this exhibit was also submitted to establish the
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`level of skill in the art at the time of filing, as well as to rebut the assertions made
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`by PO to the contrary. For example, at page 63 of PO’s Response, it is argued that
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`the POSITA would not prefer N/O heteroatoms over the N/N heteroatoms taught
`
`by Heil and Kai for use in Kawaguchi because the consequences would outweigh
`
`the benefits. However, Exhibit 1032 provides evidence that Kawaguchi’s N/N
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`type compound DPh-IC -- which has the same structure as compound 6 of Exhibit
`
`1032, and is only different from Kawaguchi’s new N/O type compound in that it
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`has N-phenyl on the heteroacene core instead of O -- is a useful OLED material.
`
`Thus, Exhibit 1032 is merely cited to establish the state of the art.
`
`Exhibit 1033, Dr. Schwartz’s Supplemental Declaration, was submitted to
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`respond to assertions made by PO in its Response, as well as to further establish
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`the state of the art at the time of filing for U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870. The
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`obviousness of the claims at issue continues to rest on the same combination of
`
`references cited in the Petition. Exhibit 1033 discusses and cites additional
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`evidence that clearly shows the state of the art and what POSITA would have
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`known at the time of IDKs invention.
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 10
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`C.
`
`Exhibits 1028–1033 are not Untimely, Irrelevant or Prejudicial
`
`As set forth above, Petitioner presented Exhibits 1028-1033 as evidence of
`
`the state of the art at the time of filing of Patent No. 9,056,870 and in direct
`
`response to assertions made by PO in the patent owner preliminary response, or
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`patent owner response.
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.23 provides, in relevant part, that “[a] reply may only
`
`respond to arguments raised in the corresponding opposition, patent owner
`
`preliminary response, or patent owner response.” Thus, it follows that evidence
`
`rebutting arguments made in a corresponding opposition, patent owner preliminary
`
`response, or patent owner response should be admissible, provided that, as the
`
`Genzyme court notes, “the opposing party is given notice of the evidence and an
`
`opportunity to respond to it.” 825 F.3d at 1366. In the present case, PO was given
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`sufficient notice, and PO certainly had an opportunity to respond to it, e.g., by
`
`motioning for a sur-reply or deposing Dr. Schwartz. In fact, PO had and continues
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`to have the opportunity to respond to Exhibits 1028-1033 inasmuch as PO may still
`
`dispute the substance of
`
`the evidence at oral hearing before the Board.
`
`Accordingly, Petitioner maintains that Exhibits 1028-1033 are admissible in these
`
`proceedings and should not be excluded.
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 11
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`Opposition to Motion to Exclude Evidence
`Case IPR2016-00148
`U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870
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`1.
`
`Timeliness
`
`PO asserts that Exhibits 1028–1033 are untimely because they present new
`
`opinions and evidence that could have been raised in the petition. Motion at p. 5,
`
`1st para. However, as established by the Relevant Authority in § III(A) above,
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`Petitioner is entitled to provide evidence that serves to rebut arguments made by
`
`PO in its Response.
`
`As a basis for alleging the untimeliness of presenting Exhibits 1028-1033,
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`PO improperly conflates the specific basis for obviousness established in present
`
`proceedings, which is found in the prior art teachings of Kai, Kawaguchi, and/or
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`Heil, along with the knowledge of POSITA, with a single basis for obviousness
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`asserted in co-pending IPR2017-00197 that relies on the express teachings of
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`additional references.
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`In doing so, PO is sua sponte inventing new grounds of
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`obviousness that are simply not asserted by Petitioner. Nowhere in the present
`
`proceedings has Petitioner asserted that any claim in U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870 is
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`invalid as being obvious over Moorthy (Ex. 1030), Anthony (Ex. 1031), Toray
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`(Ex.1028/1029), or Hu (Ex. 1032). Thus, as stated in the co-pending IPR, the basis
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`for obviousness is, in fact, “substantially different from [the grounds] instituted in”
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`the present proceedings.
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`Case IPR2016-00148
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`PO rests its assertion of untimeliness by stating that “[b]ecause of the Patent
`
`Owner’s inability to respond to the untimely evidence and arguments, Exhibits
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`1028–1033 are unfairly prejudicial (Fed. R. Evid. 403).” However, as discussed,
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`PO has had the opportunity to respond to Petitioner’s Reply and related Exhibits.
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`Instead, PO chose not to cross-examine Dr. Schwartz or to request the Board’s
`
`permission to file a sur-reply.
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`Instead, PO is misusing a Motion to Exclude as a
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`mechanism to argue that a reply contains new arguments, which is clearly
`
`prohibited by the Board. For example, see Liberty Mutual Inc., Paper 66 at 61-62;
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`see also Google, Inc. v. Visual Real Estate, Inc., IPR2014-01339, Paper 39 at 37
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`(PTAB Jan. 25, 2016) (finding arguments were improperly raised in a motion to
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`exclude).
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`2.
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`Relevance
`
`PO asserts that Exhibits 1028–1033 should be excluded because they “are
`
`submitted to support arguments beyond the proper scope of a Reply (37 C.F.R. §
`
`42.23(b)) and therefore lack relevance (Fed. R. Evid. 402).” Motion at p. 4, last
`
`para. Likewise, at page 5 of the Motion, PO asserts that “[p]aragraphs 8–10, 12,
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`13, 15–20, 22, 24–28, 34, 36–40, 42–60, 62–70, 72–74, and 76–81 of Dr.
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`Schwartz’s supplemental declaration (Ex. 1033) should be excluded as irrelevant
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`as exceeding the scope of a proper reply.” Motion at page 5.
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 13
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`However, as discussed in § II above, it is well settled that “[a] motion to
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`exclude evidence is not the proper vehicle for resolution of a dispute regarding
`
`reply arguments and evidence exceeding the proper scope of a reply.” IPR2013-
`
`00074, Paper 80 at 13-14. Again,
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`the board has already granted PO the
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`opportunity to file a paper asserting where new evidence and arguments are
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`allegedly presented in Petitioner’s Reply and Related Exhibits. A Motion to
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`Exclude is not the proper forum for such assertions.
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`3.
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`Non-Prejudicial
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`PO asserts that, in particular, Exhibit 1033 should be excluded because
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`allegedly “its probative value is substantially outweighed by its risk of unfair
`
`prejudice and confusing the issues as Dr. Schwartz’s statements contradict his
`
`original declaration (Ex. 1003) and the Petition (Paper 1).”
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`PO then utilizes pages 5-8 of the Motion to characterize Dr. Schwartz’s
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`declarations as being inconsistent. However, contrary to the conclusions drawn by
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`PO, Petitioner maintains that in no way are Dr. Schwartz’s statements in Exhibits
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`1003 and 1033 contradictory. To the contrary, the testimony in Exhibit 1033 is
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`complimentary to, and not mutually exclusive from, the testimony in Exhibit 1003.
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`As established by Dr. Schwartz, the issue of π-stacking is one of degree and
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`it is well within the purview of the skilled artisan to finetune π-stacking interaction
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`as necessary for use in an emissive material. Nevertheless, PO asserts that
`
`“Petitioner belatedly presents a completely different theory that relies on the
`
`conversion of OFET materials to OLED materials.” Motion at p. 8. However,
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`contrary to PO’s assertions, as confirmed by Dr. Anthony, the POSITA does not
`
`“classify materials by their application. So we were modifying polycyclic aromatic
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`hydrocarbons for use as either OLEDs or OFETs or photovoltaics or bioimaging or
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`whatever application our friends in physics and engineering were interested in.”
`
`Exhibit 1027, p. 21.
`
`In other words, PO’s insistence on distinguishing between
`
`compounds based on use is merely a red herring obfuscating the actual issue that
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`the identified claims of U.S. Patent No. 9,056,870 are invalid in view of the
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`express teachings in Heil, Kai, and Kawaguchi, taken together with the level of
`
`ordinary skill in the art, regardless of whether the references discuss the use of a
`
`particular compound for a particular application. The testimony in Exhibit 1033
`
`serves to respond to arguments made by PO and to further establish the level of
`
`skill in the art at the time of filing.
`
`At page 9 of the Motion PO asserts that Dr. Schwartz’s assertions with
`
`respect
`
`to oxidative stability are an attempt to “confuse the issues” and are
`
`therefore prejudicial. However, as noted above, Dr. Schwartz’s testimony
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`addresses issues raised in arguments made by PO and further establishes the level
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`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 15
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`Case IPR2016-00148
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`of skill in the art at the time of filing. Furthermore, if PO found Dr. Schwartz’s
`
`testimony confusing, it had the opportunity to cross-examine him and/or to request
`
`permission to file a proper sur-reply. A Motion to Exclude is not a mechanism for
`
`arguing the merits of expert testimony.
`
`On pages 10 and 11 of the Motion, PO argues that statements made in Dr.
`
`Schwartz’s testimony in Exhibit 1033 are improper because “no such statements
`
`were presented in the Petition,” a refrain that is repeated three times in the course
`
`of a few paragraphs. However, PO fails to provide relevant
`
`legal authority
`
`establishing the impropriety of presenting evidence not presented in an initial
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`Petition, especially when such evidence is presented to rebut statements made in a
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`Response submitted by PO.
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`V.
`
`Conclusion
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`In view of the foregoing, Petitioner respectfully requests that Patent Owner’s
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`Motion to Exclude be Denied.
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`VORYS, SATER, SEYMOUR AND PEASE LLP
`
`Date: January 20, 2017
`Customer No. 20230
`Tel: 202-467-8800
`Fax: 202-533-9187
`
`William H. Oldach III
`Attorney for Petitioner
`DUK SAN NEOLUX CO., LTD.
`Registration No. 42,048
`
`- 15 -
`
`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 16
`IPR2017-00197
`DukSan v Idemitsu
`
`
`
`CERTIFICATION OF SERVICE (37 C.F.R. §§ 42.6(e), 42.105(a))
`
`The undersigned hereby certifies service of OPPOSITION TO PATENT
`OWNER’S MOTION TO EXCLUDE on counsel of record for the PO by filing
`this document through the Patent Review Processing System as well as delivering
`a copy via electronic mail to the following address:
`
`RICHARD D. KELLY
`OBLON, MCCLELLAND, MAIER & NEUSTADT, L.L.P.
`1940 DUKE STREET
`ALEXANDRIA VA 22314
`TEL: 703-413-3000 / 703-412-6463
`EMAIL: CPDocketRKelly@oblon.com
`EMAIL: CPDocketDoughty@oblon.com
`EMAIL: CPDocketSK@oblon.com
`EMAIL: CPDocketBurton@oblon.com
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`VORYS, SATER, SEYMOUR AND PEASE LLP
`
`Date: January 20, 2017
`
`William H. Oldach III
`Attorney for Petitioner
`DUK SAN NEOLUX CO., LTD.
`Registration No. 42,048
`
`VORYS, SATER, SEYMOUR AND PEASE LLP
`1909 K Street NW, Ninth Floor
`Washington, D.C. 20006-1152
`Tel: 202-467-8800 / Fax: 202-533-9187
`
`Idemitsu Ex. 2005, pg. 17
`IPR2017-00197
`DukSan v Idemitsu
`
`