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`Drug delivery to the nail: therapeutic options and challenges for onychomycosis. - PubMed - NCBI
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`Crlt Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2014;31(6):459-94.
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`3) begell
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`Drug delivery to the nail: therapeutic options and
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`challenges for onychomycosis.
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`Barot BS1, Pareiiya PB1, Patel HK1, Mehta DM1, Shelat PK1.
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`1- Author information
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`Abstract
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`Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail disorders. It affects 10-30% of the
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`world population and is caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophytes, molds, and
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`yeasts. Present treatment methods of onychomycosis include oral therapy, topical
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`therapy, and a combination of both; they have mild-to-moderate efficacy, with a
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`relapse and reinfection rate of 20-25%. For oral therapy, newer antifungal
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`compounds (azole class and allylamine class) are being investigated to increase
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`efficacy and minimize side effects. Oral therapy with antifungal agents have severe
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`side effects, with lesser bioavailability and longer duration of treatment. By contrast,
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`topical therapy of onychomycosis is associated with greater patient compliance and
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`fewer systemic side effects and drug interactions. Current topical treatment options
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`of onychomycosis are nail lacquers, ointments, lotions, solutions, and gels, but these
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`formulations have been unsuccessful due to poor penetration and distribution of
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`drugs at the infected site. Therefore, novel therapeutic options are constantly being
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`researched to improve the efficacy of onychomycosis treatment by enhancing the
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`permeation of the drug across the nail to reach the infected site. Various physical
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`and chemical enhancement methods have been studied to increase the permeation
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`of drugs across the nail plate to the nail bed. Device-based therapeutic options have
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`also been investigated to increase the antifungal drug concentration and its effects in
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`the onychomycotic nail. Randomized clinical trials of these novel therapies have
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`demonstrated better efficacy. The present review discusses the anatomy of the
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`human nail, onychomycosis and its types, onycholysis, and conventional and novel
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`therapies. We also review patents granted as well as design challenges facing
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`optimal drug formulation for onychomycosis treatment.
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`PMID: 25271773
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`httpszllwww.ncbi.n|m.nih.gov/pubmed/25271773
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`Kaken Exhibit 20 86
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`Acrux V. Kaken
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`IPR2017-00190
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`8/1/2017
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`Drug delivery to the nail: therapeutic options and challenges for onychomycosis. - PubMed - NCBI
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`[Indexed for MEDLINE]
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`['3 v 13
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`Publication type, MeSH terms, Substance
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