PUBLIC SERVICE MESSAGE BROADCASTING
`SYSTEM AND METHOD
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`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`[0001]
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`The present invention relates to emergency message broadcast systems
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`and in particular location-specific public service message broadcasting.
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`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`[0002) With the events of 9/11, there has been increased concern with the
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`ability of present systems for providing public service broadcasting of messages and
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`warnings to the public. Existing public service warning systems are antiquated and
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`provide only limited access to the public who may be in need of knowing of potential
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`emergencies or danger. Additionally, existing systems do not provide for location-based
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`notification or broadcasting.
`[0003) As such, there is a need for an improved method and system for
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`providing timely information to the public related to potential hazards affecting them.
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`One suggested solution is the utilization of the subscription-based Short Message Service
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`(SMS) messaging capability for mass messaging using mobile telephones and compatible
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`devices. However, SMS systems and technology have significant technical limitations
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`and experience with such systems has been disappointing due to significant delays in the
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`delivery of SMS messages and negative impacts to the networks due to congestion.
`[0004)
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`Short Message Service (SMS) is only offered or available on a limited
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`basis. This is due to the limited technical and network support for the service and is also
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`due to the service being offered by Mobile Service Providers and wireless network
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`providers on a subscription basis. As such, use of the SMS service capability for
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`emergency broadcasting is very limited.
`[0005]
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`Additionally, the use of SMS technology for broadcasting requires
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`enormous network infrastructure utilization. A telecommunication system can suffer
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`from congestion, not only in its voice traffic channels, but also in its narrow-band data
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`channels as are used for the SMS service. To send an SMS message, network
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`components are utilized to provide an SMS message call set up for each individual SMS
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`message recipient. In order to send a single SMS message, all SMS message call
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`processing procedures have to be repeated for each and every message, one by one, for
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`all intended recipients. A single SMS message requires signaling and processor capacity
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`and utilization similar to that required to establish a voice call. As such, the impact on
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`network resources for broadcasting SMS messages is the same as having thousands of
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`phone users attempt to initiate a voice call at the same time. Telecommunication
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`networks are not designed or deployed to handle such high levels of simultaneous call
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`attempts.
`[0006] When an SMS message is transmitted, the SMS message is signaled to
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`an SMS center of the telecommunication service provider. The SMS center
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`acknowledges each and every requested SMS message individually and attempts to
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`deliver the SMS message through an interrogation of the Home Location Register (HLR)
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`of the telecommunication service. An HLR is a data base which registers or keeps track
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`of the presence of a mobile unit user within the HLR's defined serving network. The
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`HLR queries the database and determines whether the intended SMS message recipient is
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`currently attached to the network and if so, to which network switch the user is attached.
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`The HLR is queried using the telecommunication signaling network.
`[0007]
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`If an intended user is located or attached to a switch in the
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`telecommunication service provider's network, the particular network switch is signaled
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`over the telecommunications signaling network to set up the SMS message call. That
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`serving network switch of the mobile carrier initiates a query or message attempt to every
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`cell in the location area where the intended user's mobile unit was last known to be
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`operating. If the intended recipient is located in the particular cell area, the mobile unit is
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`paged. As such, potentially thousand of cells are queried in order to determine the
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`presence of an intended mobile unit. Each queried cell requires paging and calling
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`capacity resources for each mobile unit which is attempted to be paged. In some cases, if
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`the mobile unit does not reply, the whole Mobile Service Carrier (MSC) area is paged
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`which in many instances requires the paging of several thousands of cells.
`[0008] When the mobile unit replies by sending an access burst to the cell
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`transceiver currently serving the mobile unit, the cell site allocates a stand-alone
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`dedicated control channel (SDCCH) to perform SMS call set up with the mobile unit.
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`Next, a cipher key is sent by the Home Location Register (HLR)/ Authentication Center
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`(AUC) to the mobile unit, assuming that the mobile unit had previously activated the
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`ciphering of the channel. Once the cipher key is successfully received and
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`acknowledged, the SMS message is sent over the control channel to the mobile unit. The
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`SMS message transmission utilizes about 5 seconds of control channel time per SMS
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`message.
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`[0009]
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`If, however, the intended recipient is not located in the home serving
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`area of the HLR, then signaling message is sent to the serving mobile network's Visitor
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`Location Register (VLR). The VLR registers and tracks mobile unit users who are
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`outside of their home location. In that case, the VLR is queried via the signaling network
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`to verify that the user is currently attached to the remote switch.
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`[001 O]
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`Each SMS message is a narrow-cast message in that each message is
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`generated and transmitted via the SMS Center to a particular telecommunication user or
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`unit. The SMS message is delivered, as discussed above, to the intended recipient by
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`capable networks wherever the intended recipient is located, independent of geographic
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`area or location.
`[0011]
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`As such, SMS messaging for emergency-based messaging requires
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`that SMS messages be created and sent to each mobile unit even though the particular
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`user phone is not located in the particular geographic area in which the emergency is
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`located. SMS service is not capable of position-specific messaging.
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`[0012] Additionally, SMS messaging requires considerable call processing
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`load on the telecommunication system and infrastructure considering that the above
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`process is multiplied by the demand of thousands or tens of thousands of SMS call set up
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`requests at the same time. The potential initiation of broadcast SMS volumes will not
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`only affect network resources for SMS messaging, but also negatively affect ability of the
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`telecommunication networks to set up and support voice traffic during any period of
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`message broadcasting as these resources are shared by both services.
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`[0013]
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`As a further example of the limitation of existing solutions to message
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`broadcasting, the well deployed Global Standard for Mobile Communications (GSM)
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`system typicaily deploys in a single GSM cell several transceivers. A typical GSM cell
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`configuration includes between 6 and 12 transceivers. Each such transceiver includes 8-
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`timeslots. Each timeslot supports a single phone call.
`[0014]
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`In such an arrangement, one of the transceivers is selected to be the
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`SMS carrier. The SMS carrier transceiver is arranged differently, having one timeslot
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`dedicated to broadcast SMS messages and paging and another one which is utilized to
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`from 8 control channels which are referred to as Stand-Alone Dedicated Control
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`Channels (SDCCH). The SDCCH carry out control and call set-up functions and carry
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`the SMS traffic which is not normally handled by the traffic channels on the other
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`timeslots.
`[0015] However, in this prior art system, SMS and Wireless Access Protocol
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`(W AP) messaging utilize capacity on these channels making them unavailable for other
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`purposes such as voice call set up. Additionally, each of the SDCCH channels can only
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`handle a limited number of SMS and/or paging calls. As such, during heavy messaging,
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`the related high volumes of messaging traffic may have a negative affect on other
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`services including the set up of voice calls.
`[0016]
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`To compensate for these and other SMS messaging limitations,
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`dynamic channel allocation was developed. Dynamic channel allocation utilizes an
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`additional traffic channel which is converted into another 8 control channels for the
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`duration of the peak SMS or paging loads. However, this results in the loss of the traffic
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`channel for voice communications.
`[0017]
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`Further strategies have included the immediate assignment to a traffic
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`channel. In this system, when a voice call is attempted, the voice call is sent to a traffic
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`channel directly where signaling will be performed on the traffic channel. This, however,
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`occupies the traffic channel for a longer time than would otherwise be the case. There is
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`a limit on the number of traffic channels that can utilize this feature. In most cases, only
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`one traffic channel is converted thereby only limited the solution to 8 new SDCCH
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`channels. The impact of call failure due to control channel depends on the traffic
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`capacity of the cell. In high density cells, when a large quantity of SMS messaging
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`traffic is offered, congestion occurs due to the each cell having over one hundred traffic·
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`channels within the cell.
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`[0018]
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`In operation, the telecommunication service provider addresses this
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`limitation by throttling the SMS messaging rate so that it is manageable and does not
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`create congestion problems. However, such message load management negatively
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`impacts the opportunity for using SMS messaging for broadcasting emergency messages
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`to users of those networks. Throttling often significantly delays the delivery of the SMS
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`message, even though it's timing delivery in an emergency is critical. Furthermore, if a
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`message fails to be delivered, the SMS center repeatedly attempts to deliver the message,
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`thereby causing further congestion and message backlog.
`[0019]
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`Additionally, as discussed SMS messaging is not location based and
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`does not send messages to intended recipients located within a defined geographic
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`location. Since many telecommunication users will be messages independent of their
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`location, many of the generated SMS messages are sent to users who are not in the
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`intended area.
`[0020]
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`In the alternative, some next-generation phone systems include a basic
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`cell-based broadcasting capability, e.g., GMS, CDMA and UMTS. In such systems, the
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`cell broadcasting capability allocates a portion of each timeslot bandwidth capacity in
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`each cell as a reserved broadcast timeslot. While the cell broadcast capability in included
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`in many new equipment being deployed, cell broadcasting systems and services have not
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`been developed which effectively utilize the technology.
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`[0021]
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`The embodiments of the present invention provide one or more
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`improvements over the prior art.
`[0022]
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`In one aspect, the invention comprises a public service message
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`broadcast system providing a broadcast message to a broadcast target area. The system
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`includes a broadcast agent webpage that receives broadcast agent input defining the
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`broadcast target area and the broadcast message. The system also includes a carrier
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`broadcast server that transmits the broadcast message to the broadcast target area. The
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`system further includes a broadcast service bureau that hosts the broadcast agent webpage
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`and is coupled to the carrier broadcast server. The broadcast service bureau receives the
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`broadcast agent input and transmits the broadcast message to the carrier broadcast server.
`[0023]
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`In another aspect, the invention comprises public service message
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`broadcast service bureau system providing a broadcast message to a broadcast target area.
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`The system includes a first communication interface coupled to a first network and a
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`second communication interface coupled to a second network. The system also includes
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`a webpage that receives broadcast agent input defining the broadcast target area and the
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`broadcast message. The system further includes a computer hosting the webpage over
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`the first communication interface. The computer also receives the broadcast agent input
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`and transmits the broadcast message to a local broadcast system over the second
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`communication interface.
`[0024]
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`Yet in another aspect, the invention comprises a website interface
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`system for a public service message broadcasting system. The website interface includes
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`a broadcast agent device with a display for displaying a broadcast agent webpage. The
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`website interface also includes a webpage host that communicates with the broadcast
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`agent device and establishes a communications interface between the broadcast agent
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`device and the webpage host. The broadcast agent device receives broadcast agent input
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`that defines the broadcast target area and the broadcast message. The broadcast agent
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`device also transmits the broadcast target area and the broadcast message to the webpage
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`host over the communication interface.
`[0025j
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`In another aspect, the invention comprises a method of public service
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`broadcast messaging to a broadcast target area. The method includes hosting a broadcast
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`agent webpage and receiving a broadcast target area and a broadcast message from the
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`broadcast agent webpage. The method also includes transmitting the broadcast message
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`to the broadcast target area.
`(0026]
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`Further aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the
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`detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed
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`description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the
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`invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the
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`scope of the invention.
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`[0027]
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`The present invention will become more fully understood from the
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`detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
`[0028]
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`FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a public service message
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`location broadcast system according to one embodiment.
`[0029]
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`FIG. 2 is a second functional block diagram of a public service
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`message location broadcast system according to one embodiment.
`[0030]
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`FIG. 3 is a flow chart for an admission control process within the
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`public service message location broadcast system service bureau according to one
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`embodiment.
`[0031]
`[0032]
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`FIG. 4 is a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage.
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`FIG. 5 is a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage
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`illustrating a Broadcast Agents initial designation of a target broadcast area.
`[0033]
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`FIG. 6 is a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage
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`illustrating use of a shape tool to refine the designation of a target broadcast area.
`[0034]
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`FIG. 7 is a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage
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`illustrating a library of foot print or predefined target broadcast areas.
`[0035]
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`FIG. 8 is a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage
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`illustrating a dialogue box enabling the Broadcast Agent to create a message and
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`parameters of the Broadcast Request.
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`[0036]
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`FIG. 9 a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage
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`illustrating a library of target broadcast areas and a library of messages.
`[0037]
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`FIG. 10 is a screen shot of the Broadcast Agent Portal Webpage
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`illustrating a Broadcast Agent Confirmation Entry prompt/window.
`[0038]
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`Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts
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`throughout the several views of the drawings.
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`[0039]
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`The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is in no
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`way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
`[0040]
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`The public service message location broadcasting system (PLBS)
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`according to one or more embodiments of the invention provide for an improved system
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`and method for public service broadcast messaging. A public service message location
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`broadcasting system (PLBS) operator provides a Broadcast Agent Web Portal or
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`Webpage or other similar GUI interface, implementation and maintenance of the
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`networks' cell-broadcast messaging components, networks and platforms, administration
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`and operation of the public service message location broadcasting system, and interfaces
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`to local telecommunication service providers including mobile unit service providers.
`[0041]
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`According to one embodiment in the event of a serious public
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`emergency, a short text message is sent over the location broadcast channel. A mobile
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`unit or Broadcast Agent phone which is configured to receive location broadcast
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`messages, which is in the idle mode and which is located in the predefined cell receives
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`the broadcast message and displays the message on its screen.
`[0042]
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`Location broadcasting is transmitted from the predefined cell in a
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`downlink only. mode and therefore does not require functionality or network resources
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`from the mobile services provider or from their any portion of the mobile service
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`provider's mobility management resources, e.g., HLR, VLR, etc.
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`[0043]
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`Public service message location broadcasting system provides for the
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`simultaneous sending of public service messages to millions of subscribers with less
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`impact on the supporting networks than a single SMS-message. As such, minimal to no
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`network congestion will result.
`[0044]
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`A public service message location broadcasting system (PLBS)
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`receives emergency or public service messaging and identification of the target broadcast
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`area from public service or government entities. The PLBS provides location broadcast
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`message enablement, security and multi-carrier interoperability and connectivity to the
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`telecommunication service providers offering services within the target broadcast area.
`[0045j A public service message location broadcasting system and method
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`according to one or more embodiments provides for the development, transmission,
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`delivery and display of a message that is an official government-to-citizen information
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`broadcast to all compatible telecommunication receiving devices in, or entering, an
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`predefined at-risk geographic location or area.
`[0046]
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`The PLBS system sends any public service or emergency information
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`associated with any event, determined by authorized messaging entities that may affect
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`public safety. These include utility outages, missing child alerts, severe weather
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`warnings, flood warnings, and terrorist threat warnings. The messages are broadcast by
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`public service message location broadcasting systems participating with local
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`telecommunication networks.
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`[0047]
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`Unlike other emergency messaging services that require the recipient's
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`identity, a predetermined fixed delivery location, and usually the payment of a service
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`fee, public service message location broadcasting system uses broadcast messaging
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`technology to reach an unlimited number of people in real time, with no pre-event
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`subscriber action required.
`[0048]
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`Public service message location broadcasting system uses cell-
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`broadcast SMS (C-BSMS) technology to provide a message or alert to a single cell
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`geographic location, a neighborhood, a city, or an entire nation with minimal impact to
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`the hosting telecommunication networks.
`[0049]
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`Local telecommunications service providers such as mobile or cellular
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`telephone service providers provide the local infrastructure and deployed technologies to
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`enable the service message location broadcasting system to transmit public messages in a
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`timely manner to the public that may be at risk using a standard and commonplace
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`mobile telephone unit.
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`[0050]
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`The public service message location broadcast system and methods
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`described herein provide the functions and steps necessary to ensure that the Broadcast
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`Agents are authorized to send the requested broadcast messages to the defined broadcast
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`target area. The PLBS configuration described herein provide for internal controls for
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`insuring that the network and components are secure and that messages are authorized
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`prior to transmittal. The public service message location broadcast system provides the
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`interface to the Broadcast Agents to ensure simple and timely definition of the broadcast
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`target area, the message and the authentication of the Broadcast Agent. The public
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`service message location broadcast system also provides the interconnectivity and
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`functionality for interface or the number telecommunication service providers which
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`provide for the delivery of the broadcast message to the broadcast target area.
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`[0051]
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`The public service message location broadcasting system consists of
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`five parts:
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`1.
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`Public Service Location Broadcast Service Bureau
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`Broadcast Agent Terminal/Web Portal/Web Page
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`Public Service Broadcast Controller
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`Carrier Broadcast Center
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`Public Service Location Broadcast Reporter
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`[0052]
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`The Public Service Location Broadcast Service Bureau (PLB-SB) is
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`located at a PLBS Operators location which is preferably secure. The PLBS-SB ensures
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`the authenticity of the message and the authority. of the sender to create such a message.
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`Administrative Operators establish the User Profile in the Administration Subsystem to
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`control Broadcast Agent rights and privileges. The signal from the Broadcast Agent
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`Terminal, for example, at the police station, to the PLBS-SB, would only indicate the
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`geographical area to be covered, plus the message. PLBS-SB then sends the broadcast
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`request signal to the Carrier Broadcast Center at the office of each local carrier
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`concerned.
`[0053]
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`PLBS-SB may also perform a billing gateway administrative function
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`as may be required to allocate costs. PLBS-SB can utilize stored location broadcast
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`messaging data and may have access, in one embodiment, to the geographical coverage
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`requested by the Public Service Broadcast Agent. PLBS-SB may be configured to
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`determined or calculate population density of the broadcast area. PLBS-SB may also
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`manage customer account data, authentication, security, and administration and
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`application of restrictions on a customer, jurisdiction, or Broadcast Agent.
`[0054]
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`For each account, a Broadcast Agent Administrator is appointed. A
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`person of whose authority is recognized, such as a police chief or city manager would be
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`suitabie for such a role, though he may likely delegate this to someone in the Information
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`Technology services group. The Broadcast Agent Administrator (or his delegate) has
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`under his control several Broadcast Agent accounts, which have authority under him, but
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`on no account greater. For example, the jurisdiction of a Broadcast Agent is within that
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`of a Broadcast Agent Administrator.
`[0055] Using the PLBS-SB, an Administrative Operator checks and/or
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`verifies the authenticity of the Broadcast Agent Administrator and defines or validates the
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`jurisdictional area of the Broadcast Agent's organization. The Administrative Operator
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`administers customer and agent profiles within the PLBS Service Bureau System. The
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`Administrative Operator has secure access for administering the operational and
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`administrative data and profiles for operation of the PLBS-SB. Best practices and
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`Memoranda of Understanding (MOU) are defined by government agencies and/or local
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`carriers. For example, a Coast Guard commander may have access only to costal areas,
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`though the area would be very large. In another example, a River Authority manager
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`would have a guideline indicating that he could warn of imminent flooding, but not urge
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`people to shower less. The river authority Jurisdiction may include only rivers,
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`waterways and flood plains.
`[0056] Any data and/or factor may be input to the PLBS-SB by the
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`Administrative Operator and used by the PLBS-SB for system operation. Each Broadcast
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`Agent Administrator has an account to which the Broadcast Agent belongs. The account
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`is updated to indicate usage accumulated by the Broadcast Agent Administrator. Factors
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`and data recorded include:
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`1.
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`6.
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`7.
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`8.
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`9.
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`Language or Languages for warnings
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`Broadcast Agent Administrator account holder contact details
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`Total number of messages broadcast
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`Total Pops reached
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`Mess-Pops figure (number of messages times the pops reached)
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`Log, (Each broadcast is recorded on the account for later review)
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`Date of expiry of contract
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`Which networks are permitted for this Broadcast Agent Administrator?
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`Which channel numbers are allowed?
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`10. Message, Footprint and Broadcast libraries
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`11.
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`Jurisdictional limits
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`12.
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`Pop limits
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`13. Message length limits
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`14.
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`15.
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`16.
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`Language for web portal
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`Report parameters and addresses
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`Admissions rules and operational events such as denials of service.
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`[0057]
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`In some circumstances a report in the form of an e-mail or web-page
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`may be sent or made available to the Administrative Operator and/or the Broadcast Agent
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`Administrator. Such a report may include a warning that the account credit is about to
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`expire, or the status of an account or activity. Such reports may be defined or requested
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`or provided one a regular or specified interval.
`[0058]
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`Service may be automatically denied to a Broadcast Agent or
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`Broadcast Agent Administrator who has exceeded his quota.
`[0059]
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`In other cases information about account status may be signaled to the
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`Broadcast Agent at log on and when proposing messages. This rpay cause the Broadcast
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`Agent to think again about conserving his quota if near to his limit.
`[0060]
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`The PLBS-SB may also define broadcast message jurisdiction is a
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`geographical area for a particular Broadcast Agent Administrator and associated
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`Broadcast Agents. Broadcast Message Jurisdiction may define any number of factors,
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`data, or services. A first is definition or allocation of geographic territory or areas to be
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`accessed or displayed in map format to the Broadcast Agents of the Broadcast Agent
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`Administrator. Additional, all or a portion of the Broadcast Message Jurisdiction may be
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`enabled or disabled for defining one or more broadcast message target areas or
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`"Broadcast Target Area/Footprints" in which a public service broadcast message is to be
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`sent. A second is the identification and specification of carrier or telecommunication
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`local carriers that will be included in the public service location broadcast message
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`messages originated by the particular Broadcast Agent Administrator or Broadcast Agent.
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`This may also include defining one or more networks, network components (such as
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`Carrier Broadcast Center or network switching centers) or sub-networks to be provided
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`the broadcast messages.
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`[0061]
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`The Broadcast Agent Administrator is capable of setting further
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`restrictions or rules related to its Broadcast Message Jurisdiction and one or more
`
`Broadcast Agents under its control or within its Broadcast Message Jurisdiction. For
`
`example, it may establish differ levels of authority for various personnel within a police
`
`department or fire department or allocation sub-areas or sub-jurisdictions based on police
`
`or fire department sub-boundaries.
`[0062]
`
`For each Broadcast Agent Administrator, the Broadcast Target
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`Area/Footprint Library is generated and shared among the Broadcast Agents. However
`
`in some cases, the Broadcast Agent Administrator may wish to pre-define Broadcast
`
`Target Area/Footprints on the basis of existing agreements. For example, these may
`
`include tornado watch boxes or mandated warning zones around a chemical plant.
`[0063]
`
`In this case, the Broadcast Agent Administrator has the option to allow
`
`some Broadcast Agents only to access the Broadcast Target Area/Footprint library, or to
`
`be able to use the library and the map tool. Other Broadcast Agents may have the
`
`authority to create new Broadcast Target Area/Footprints and store them in the library.
`[0064]
`
`In some cases, the Broadcast Target Area/Footprint area may be
`
`complex. An advanced Footprint Library feature will enable the Broadcast Agent to pre(cid:173)
`
`define areas to be covered, and store them in a library of Broadcast Target
`
`Area/Footprints specific to that Broadcast Agent. For example, the flood plain area of a
`
`river may be complex to define with a simple mouse click. You would want to get that
`
`done ahead of time, then call it back quickly when an urgent message is imminent. In
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`another case, a tornado warning box is pre-defined by political means and may be easier
`
`to refer to as such.
`
`[0065]
`
`This feature may also be required if a particular Broadcast Agent only
`
`has authority to cover, for example, major highways or coastal areas such as beaches.
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`These can be pre defined by an Administrative Operator and then locked so that the
`
`Broadcast Agent has limited authority as to the Broadcast Target Area/Footprint's area.
`[0066)
`
`There is no limit on how many users one message can reach and in
`
`theory an authorized operator may send the message to everyone in the country at the
`
`same time. Since most authority is relatively limited, the account may be set established
`
`on a per Broadcast Agent basis thereby determining the area to be addressed by one
`
`Page 14
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`EnvisionIT Ex. 2005, DOJ v. EnvisionIT, LLC, IPR2017-00160
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`Page 15 of 47
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`message. An Admission Control feature checks new message for a pop figure before
`
`agreeing to proceed. If not, the message is declined and the Broadcast Agent receives a
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`message and report with an explanation. To continue, the Broadcast Agent can either set
`
`the area to one less ambitious, or request authorization from another Broadcast Agent
`
`with more pop authority. The pop figure may also be used to generate usage statistics
`
`which the administration system would record for each Broadcast Agent. If a Broadcast
`
`Agent has exceeded the agreed limit, the account can be closed and an e-mail sent to the
`
`Broadcast Agent Administrator explaining this.
`(0067]
`
`Control of Pops is also provided for the local carriers because the
`
`spacing of Radio Base Stations when very closely to population density. A dense urban
`
`area may be covered by more cells than the same corresponding area in a rural
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`environment. From a signaling point of view more cells are signaled for an area in the
`
`city that in the country. Therefore the relationship between pops and network load is a
`
`valid one. For example, the number of messages times the population they have targeted
`
`[Mess*Pops] is one possible strategy for working out billing, since we have pop figures
`
`directly from the reports generated by account administration.
`[0068] A Broadcast message may consist of 15 82-character messages linked
`
`together. The standard default maximum size of a message may be that used by second
`
`generation GSM systems, which is 93 characters, or 82 octets of data. However, in
`
`practice each message should be less in order to support multiple language messages and
`
`for practical application reasons. The Broadcast Agent Administrator may set limits on
`
`the length of an individual message. The Broadcast Agent Administrator may al