APPENDIXB
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`Papst Licensing GrnbH & Co. KG - Exhibit 2006B, p.1
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`

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`Over
`7.600
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`Papst Licensing GmbH & Co. KG - Exhibit 2006B, p.2
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`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright •S 1997 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted
`in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Press Computer Dictionary. -- 3rd ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 1-57231-446-X
`I. Computers--Dictionaries. 2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries,
`I. Microsoft Press.
`QA76.15.M54 1997
`004'.03--dc21
`
`97-15489
`CIP
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QMQM 2 I O 9 8 7
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`Distributed t_o the book trade in Canada by Macmillan of Canada, a division of Canada Publishing
`Corporation.
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`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British library,
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`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further
`information about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office. Or contact
`Microsoft Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329.
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`Macintosh, Power Macintosh, QuickTime, and TraeType are registered trademarks of Apple Computer,
`Inc. Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. Directinput. DirectX, Microsoft. Microsoft
`Press, MS-DOS, Visual Basic, Visual C++, Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows NT, and XENIX are
`registered trademarks and ActiveMovie, ActiveX, and Visual J++ are trademarks of Microsoft
`Corporation. Java is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. Other product and company names
`mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Kim Fryer
`Project Editor: Maureen Williams Zimmerman, Anoe Taussig
`Technical Editors: Dail Magee Jr., Gary Nelson, Jean Ross, Jim Fuchs, John Conrow, Kurt Meyer,
`Robert Lyon, Roslyn Lutsch
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`Papst Licensing GmbH & Co. KG-Exhibit 2006B, p.3
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`

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`which have speeds of 500 kilobits per second
`(Kbps), can generally transmit data faster than cur(cid:173)
`rent conventional modems. See also coaxial cable,
`modem .
`cablingd.fagram \kaoo-leng d1~gram\ n. A
`plan that shows the path of cables that attach com(cid:173)
`puter system components or peripherals. Cabling
`diagrams are particularly important for explalning
`the connection of disk drives to a disk controller.
`cache \kash\ n. A special memory subsystem in
`which frequently used data values are duplicated
`for quick access. A memory cache stores the con(cid:173)
`tents of frequently accessed RAM locations and the
`addresses where these data items are stored. When
`the processor references an address m memory, the
`cache checks to see whether it holds that address.
`If it does hold the address, the data is retumed to
`the processor; if it does not, a regular memory
`access occurs. A cache is useful when RAM accesses
`are slow compared with the microprocessor ~ed,
`because cache memory is always faster than main
`RAM memory. See also disk cache, wait state.
`cache card \kash' klird\ n. An expansion card
`that increases a system's cache memory. See also
`cache, expansion board.
`cache memory \kash' mem';ir-e\ n . See cache.
`CAD \kad, C'A-0"\ n . Acronym for computer(cid:173)
`aided design. A system of prqgrams and worksta(cid:173)
`tions used in designing engineering, architecrural,
`and scientific models ranging from simple tools to
`buildings, aircraft, integrated circuits, and mole(cid:173)
`cules. Various CAD applications create objects in
`two or three dimensions, presenting the results as
`wire-frame "skeletons," as more substantial models
`with shaded surfaces, or as solid objects. Some pro(cid:173)
`grams can also rotate or resize models, show inte(cid:173)
`rior views, generate lists of materials required for
`construction, and perform other allied functions.
`CAD programs rely on mathematics, often requir(cid:173)
`ing the computing power of a high-performance
`workstation. See also CAD/ CAM, I-CASE.
`CAD/CAM \kad' karn, C-A-D'C-A-M'\ n. Acronym
`for computer-aided design/computer-aided man(cid:173)
`ufacturing. The use of computers In both the
`design and manufacture of a product. With CAD/
`CAM, a product, such as a machine part, is
`designed with a CAD program and the finished
`design is translated into a set of instructions that
`
`can be transmitted to and used by the machines
`dedicated to fabrication, assembly, and process
`control. See also CAD, I-CASE.
`CADD \C'A-0-D', kad-D' \ n. See computer-aided
`design and drafting.
`caddy \kad"e\ n. A plastic carrier that holds a CD(cid:173)
`ROM and is inserted into a CD-ROM drive. Some
`personal computers, especially older models, have
`CD-ROM drives that require the use of a caddy.
`Most current CD-ROM drives do not require a
`caddy. See the illustration.
`
`CAE \C'A-E"\ n. Acronym for computer-aided
`engineering. An.application that enables the user
`to perform e(lgineering , tests , and analyses on
`designs created with a computer. In some
`instances, capabilities such as logic testing that are
`generally attributed to CAE applications are also
`part of CAD programs, so the distinction between
`CAD and CAE is not a hard-and-fast one. See also
`CAD, I-CASE.
`CAI \C'A-I'\ n. Acronym for computer-aided (or
`computer-assisted) instruction. An educational
`program designed to serve as a teaching tool. CAI
`programs typically use tutorials, drills, and ques(cid:173)
`tion-and-answer sessions to present a topic and to
`test the student's comprehension. CAI programs
`are excellent aids for presenting factual material
`and for allowing students to pace their learning
`speed. Subjects and tomplexity range from begin(cid:173)
`ning arithmetic to advanced mathematics, science,
`history, computer studies, and specialized topics.
`See also I-CASE. Compare CBT, CMI.
`CAL \C'A-L' \ n. Acronym for computer-assisted
`(or computer-augmented) learning. See CAI.
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`Papst Licensing GmbH & Co. KG - Exhibit 2006B, p.4
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`- -
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`\"il'tll:11 monitor
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`- -
`
`application uses to reference memory. The mem(cid:173)
`translates
`this
`ory management unit
`(MMU)
`address into a physical address before the memory
`is actually read or written to. Sf!e al$o physical
`address, virtual memory. Compare real address.
`virtual channel \v;)r'ch~l chan';}l\ n. In Asyn(cid:173)
`chronous Transf~ Mode (ATM), the parh taken by
`data sent from one sender 10 one receiver. See also
`ATM (definition 1), virtual path (definition 2).
`virtual drcu1t \v;)r'choo-dl ~'lc.11:\ n. A commu(cid:173)
`nications link that appears to be a direct connec(cid:173)
`tion between sender and receiver, although
`physically the link can be routed through a more
`circuitous path.
`virtualcommunfty \~r-choo-;}} b-mycffi 'n~\
`n. See online community.
`Virtual Control Program Interface \ V;}r' chcffi-al
`kan-trol' pro'gram in'tar-fas\ n. A specification for
`MS-DOS programs to allow access to extended
`memory under a multitasking enVironment (for
`example, Microsoft Windows) for 386 and higher(cid:173)
`level processors. Acronym: VCPI (V'C-P-r). See
`also 80386DX, extended memory, multitasking.
`Compare protected mode.
`virtual desktop \V;)r' choo-~I desk'top\ n. A desk(cid:173)
`top enhancement tool that provides access to the
`desktop when it is covered by open windows or
`that expands ihe size of the working desktop. See
`also desktop.
`virtual device \v;}r' chcffi-al d:>-vis'\ n. A device
`that can be referenced but that does not physically
`exist Virtual-memory addressing, for example,
`uses magnetic disk storage to simulate memory
`larger than that physically available.
`virtual device driver \var'choo-al ~-vis' dri'(cid:173)
`v;}r\ n . Software in Windows 95 that manages a
`hardware or software system resource. If a
`resource retains information from one access to
`the next that affects the way it _behaves when
`accessed (for example, a disk controller with its
`status information and buffers), a virtual device
`driver must exist for it. Virtual device drivers
`are described ·usfag three-letter abbreviations
`beginning with V and ending with D; the mid(cid:173)
`dle letter indicates the type of device, such as D
`for a display, P for a printer, T for a timer, and
`x when the type of device is not under discus-
`
`slon. Acronym: VxD (V'-X-D"), See also device
`driver.
`virtual disk \v;}r' chcffi-al disk' \ n. See RAM disk.
`virtual display device driver \ var· choo-;}I
`dis(cid:173)
`pla' de-vis' dri'v;}r\ n . See virtual device driver.
`Virtual File Allocation Table \ V;}r' chcffi-;}l m-al(cid:173)
`:rka' shan ta'bl\ n. SeeVFAT.
`virtual image \V;}r'choo-'dl im'aj\ n . An image
`that is stored in computer memory but is too large
`to be shown in its entirety on the screen. Scrolling
`and panning are used to bring unseen portions of
`the image into view. See also virtual screen.
`virtual-image file \v;)r' choo-al im';}j ffi\ n. A file
`that specifies the material to be recorded onto a
`CD-ROM. A virtual~image file generally contains
`pointers to files that are distributed across a hard
`disk rather than gathered in one area. Since a com(cid:173)
`plete copy of the material is not assembled, prob(cid:173)
`lems may occur in writing the CD-ROM due to
`delays in assembling the material from a scattered
`group of files. See also CD-ROM. Compare physi(cid:173)
`cal-image file.
`virtual LAN \v;}r' choo-al tan ·, L-A-N'\ n. Short
`for virtual local area network. A local area net(cid:173)
`work consisting of groups of h~ that are on
`physically different segments ,but that communi(cid:173)
`cate as though they were on the 53lJl.e wire. See
`also LAN.
`virtual machJne \v;}r'choo-al ma-shen '\ n. Soft(cid:173)
`ware that mimics the performance of a hardware
`device, such as a program that allows applications
`written for an Intel processor to be run on a Motor(cid:173)
`ola chip. Acronym: VM (V-M;.
`virtual memory \v;}r'choo-;}l mem'ar-e\ n. Mem(cid:173)
`ory that appears to an application to be larger and
`more uniform than it is. Virtual memory may be
`partially simulated by secondary storage such as a
`hard disk. Applications. aGcess memory through
`virtual addresses, which are translated (mapped)
`by special hardware and software onto physical
`addresses. Acronym: VM (V-M'). Also called disk
`memory. See also paging, segmentation.
`virtual monitor \v,jr'choo-dl mon·:r~r\ n. An
`enhanced monitor viewing system for visually
`impaired users that uses a virtual-reality headset to
`move enlarged text across the screen in a direetion
`opposite to head motion. See also virtual reality.
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`Papst Licensing GmbH & Co. KG - Exhibit 2006B, p.5
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