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`Frequently Asked Questions
`[ The Internet Archive | Search Tips | Prelinger Movies | The Wayback Machine | Audio | MS-DOS Emulation | Archive
`BitTorrents | Accounts Information | Navigation | Live Music Archive | Movies | Collections | Law Enforcement Requests
`| The Internet Arcade | Uploading Content | Books and Texts | Rights | Downloading Content | Item page management |
`Borrow from Lending Library | The Grateful Dead Collection | Report Item | Forums | SFLan | Archive-It | Equipment |
`Errors ]
`
`Questions
`Does the Archive issue grants?
`Can I donate BitCoins?
`What is the nonprofit status of
`the Internet Archive? From
`where does its funding come?
`How do I get assistance with
`research? How about research
`about a particular book?
`What statistics are available
`about use of Archive.org?
`What's the significance of the
`Archive's collections?
`
` The Internet Archive
` Does the Archive issue grants?
`No; although we promote the development of other Internet libraries through online discussion, colloquia,
`and other means, the Archive is not a grant-making organization.
`
` Can I donate BitCoins?
`Yes, please do. Our BitCoin address is: 1Archive1n2C579dMsAu3iC6tWzuQJz8dN . Every bit helps.
`
` What is the nonprofit status of the Internet Archive? From where does its funding come?
`The Internet Archive is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. It receives in-kind and financial donations from a
`variety of sources as well as you.
`
` How do I get assistance with research? How about research about a particular book?
`The Internet Archive focuses on preservation and providing access to digital cultural artifacts. For
`assistance with research or appraisal, you are bound to find the information you seek elsewhere on the
`internet. You may wish to inquire about reference services provided by your local public library. Your
`area's college library may also support specialized reference librarian services. We encourage your
`support of your local library, and the essential services your library's professional staff can provide in
`person. Local libraries are still an irreplaceable resource!
`
` What statistics are available about use of Archive.org?
`What user stats do you keep and share?
`The only users stats we track are the "views" of items on the site.
`
`Where are they?
`For collections they are viewable in a chart form in the "About" tab on a collection page. These numbers
`represent views in all the items in that collection. These are updated daily. For items they are shown on
`the right side of the details page. These are updated daily. Search results pages also show the "views" to
`the left of the page title. These numbers may differ from those on item and collection pages because they
`are updated monthly rather than daily.
`
`What is a "view"?
`A "view" used to be called a "download" on archive.org. How are "views" counted?
`archive.org calculates a view as: one action (read a book, download a file, watch a movie, etc.), per day,
`per IP Address. So, for each item page, using multiple files or accessing from multiple accounts in a single
`day will only count as one view.
`
`How often are they counted?
`Item pages are updated daily so the current number would reflect the count through the previous day.
`Collection counts shown in the graph on the "About" page are updated monthly.
`
`Other Internet Archive stats links
`Aggregated operational stats are viewable at https://archive.org/stats/
`
` What's the significance of the Archive's collections?
`
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
`
`Questions
`Where is
`advanced
`search?
`What search
`APIs are
`available
`Can I search by
`Creative
`Commons
`license?
`How do I sort
`search results
`How do I
`search just
`within a
`collection?
`How can I use
`list view
`instead of tile
`view?
`What is indexed
`in the search
`engine?
`
`Societies have always placed importance on preserving their culture and heritage. But much early 20th-
`century media -- television and radio, for example -- was not saved. The Library of Alexandria -- an
`ancient center of learning containing a copy of every book in the world -- disappeared when it was burned
`to the ground.
`
` Search Tips
` Where is advanced search?
`On archive.org there is an "Advanced Search" link just below the search input field. For searches done in the search field in the
`top black nav bar the "Advanced Search" link will be present on the search results page just below the search input field.
`
` What search APIs are available
`Information about how to use the various search APIs can be found at https://archive.org/help/aboutsearch.htm
`
` Can I search by Creative Commons license?
`Yes, you can. But it's a little complicated.
`
`Here's how to break it down. See the license types at creative commons. When you want to find all of the items assigned a
`certain license by an uploading party, you'll plug their abbreviation for it into this search query:
`licenseurl:http*abbreviation*
`So if you're looking for Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd), you'd put this in the search box:
`licenseurl:http*by-nc-nd*
`If you want to use this in combination with other queries, like "I want by-nc-nd items about dogs" you'd do this:
`licenseurl:http*by-nc-nd* AND dog.
`The AND tells the search engine all the items returned should have that license AND they should contain the word dog. AND
`has to be in all caps.
`
`Just to make it easier, here are the basic searches:
`• Public Domain
`• Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd)
`• Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike (by-nc-sa)
`• Attribution Non-commercial (by-nc)
`• Attribution No Derivatives (by-nd)
`• Attribution Share Alike (by-sa)
`• Attribution (by)
`
` How do I sort search results
`The "SORT BY" bar has options to allow you to control which results are displayed, in what order and what "view":
`
` How do I search just within a collection?
`On a collection page there will be a "Search this Collection" input field on the right side of the page. Enter a term there and hit
`your return/enter key. The results will be of items in that collection.
`
`For advanced boolean search you can use "AND collection:[IDENTIFIER]" in your query.
`
` How can I use list view instead of tile view?
`For most search results pages you can choose the view in the "Sort by" bar; Tile view (the icon with three rectangles) or List
`
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
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`view (the icon with multiple lines.) Tile view is the default view.
`
` What is indexed in the search engine?
`Only the metadata in an item page is indexed. So the search engine does not have the text of books, individual file metadata
`or embedded metadata.
`
`Questions
`How did you digitize the films?
`Do I need to inform the Internet
`Archive and/or Prelinger
`Archives when I reuse these
`movies?
`How can I get access to stock
`footage from these films?
`An article on re-coding Prelinger
`Archive films to SVCD so you
`can watch them on your DVD
`player.
`Do I need to credit the Internet
`Archive and Prelinger Archives
`when I reuse these movies?
`What parameters were used
`when making the Real Media
`files on the website?
`Are there restrictions on the use
`of the Prelinger Films?
`Can you point me to resources
`on the history of ephemeral
`films?
`Why are there very few post-
`1964 movies in the Prelinger
`collection?
`For more information...
`
` Prelinger Movies
` How did you digitize the films?
`The Prelinger Archives films are held in original film form (35mm, 16mm, 8mm, Super 8mm, and various
`obsolete formats like 28mm and 9.5mm). Films were first transferred to Betacam SP videotape, a widely
`used analog broadcast video standard, on telecine machines manufactured by Rank Cintel or Bosch. The
`film-to-tape transfer process is not a real-time process: It requires inspection of the film, repair of any
`physical damage, and supervision by a skilled operator who manipulates color, contrast, speed, and video
`controls.
`
`The videotape masters created in the film-to-tape transfer suite were digitized in 2001-2003 at Prelinger
`Archives in New York City using an encoding workstation built by Rod Hewitt. The workstation is a 550
`MHz PC with a FutureTel NS320 MPEG encoder card. Custom software, also written by Rod Hewitt, drove
`the Betacam SP playback deck and managed the encoding process. The files were uploaded to hard disk
`through the courtesy of Flycode, Inc.
`
`More recently, Prelinger films have been digitized and uploaded by Skip Elsheimer at AV Geeks. We are
`also digitizing home movies and other materials on Internet Archive's ScanStation scanner.
`
`The files were encoded at constant bitrates ranging from 2.75 Mbps to 3.5 Mbps. Most were encoded at
`480 x 480 pixels (2/3 D1) or 368 x 480 (roughly 1/2 D1). The encoder drops horizontal pixels during the
`digitizing process, which during decoding are interpolated by the decoder to produce a 720 x 480 picture.
`(Rod Hewitt's site Coolstf shows examples of an image before and after this process.) Picture quality is
`equal to or better than most direct broadcast satellite television. Audio was encoded at MPEG-1 Level 2,
`generally at 112 kbps. Both the MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 movies have mono audio tracks.
`
`To convert the MPEG-2 video to MPEG-4, we used a program called FlasK MPEG. This is an MPEG-1/2
`to AVI conversion tool that reads the source MPEG-2 and outputs an AVI file containing the video in
`MPEG-4 format and audio in uncompressed PCM format. We then use a program called Virtual Dub that
`recompresses the audio using the MPEG-1 Level 3 (MP3) format. This process is automated by the
`software that runs the system.
`
` Do I need to inform the Internet Archive and/or Prelinger Archives when I reuse these movies?
`No. However, we would very much like to know how you have used this material, and we'd be thrilled to
`see what you've made with it. This may well help us improve this site. Please consider sending us a copy
`of your production (postal mail only), and let us know whether we can call attention to it on the site. Our
`address is:
`
`Rick Prelinger
`PO Box 590622
`San Francisco, CA 94159
`United States
`
` How can I get access to stock footage from these films?
`Access to the movies stored on this site in videotape or film form is available to commercial users through
`Getty Images, representing Prelinger Archives for stock footage sales. Please contact Getty Images
`directly:
`
`Getty Images
`
`Please visit us at www.prelinger.com/prelarch.html for more information on access to these and similar
`films. Prelinger Archives regrets that it cannot generally provide access to movies stored on this Web site
`in other ways than through the site itself. We recognize that circumstances may arise when such access
`should be granted, and we welcome email requests. Please address them to Rick Prelinger.
`
`The Internet Archive does not provide access to these films other than through this site.
`
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
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` An article on re-coding Prelinger Archive films to SVCD so you can watch them on your DVD
`player.
`See archived version of www.moviebone.com/
`
` Do I need to credit the Internet Archive and Prelinger Archives when I reuse these movies?
`We ask that you credit us as a source of archival material, in order to help make others aware of this site.
`We suggest the following forms of credit:
`
`Archival footage supplied by Internet Archive (at archive.org) in association with Prelinger Archives
`
`or
`
`or
`
`Archival footage supplied by Internet Archive (at archive.org)
`
`"Archival footage supplied by archive.org"
`
` What parameters were used when making the Real Media files on the website?
`Rod Hewitt posted some very useful information here
`
` Are there restrictions on the use of the Prelinger Films?
`The films are available for reuse according to the Creative Commons licenses, if any, that appear with on
`each film's detail page. Pursuant to the Creative Commons license, you are warmly encouraged to
`download, use and reproduce these films in whole or in part, in any medium or market throughout the
`world. You are also warmly encouraged to share, exchange, redistribute, transfer and copy these films,
`and especially encouraged to do so for free.
`
`Any derivative works that you produce using these films are yours to perform, publish, reproduce, sell, or
`distribute in any way you wish without any limitations.
`
`Descriptions, synopses, shotlists and other metadata provided by Prelinger Archives to this site are
`copyrighted jointly by Prelinger Archives and Getty Images. They may be quoted, excerpted or reproduced
`for educational, scholarly, nonprofit or archival purposes, but may not be reproduced for commercial
`purposes of any kind without permission.
`
`If you require a written license agreement or need access to stock footage in a physical format (such as
`videotape or a higher-quality digital file), please contact Getty Images. The Internet Archive does not
`furnish written license agreements, nor does it comment on the rights status of a given film above and
`beyond the Creative Commons license.
`
`We would appreciate attribution or credit whenever possible, but do not require it.
`
` Can you point me to resources on the history of ephemeral films?
`See the bibliography and links to other resources at www.prelinger.com/ephemeral.html.
`
` Why are there very few post-1964 movies in the Prelinger collection?
`Largely because of copyright law. While a high percentage of ephemeral films were never originally
`copyrighted or (if initially copyrighted) never had their copyrights properly renewed, copyright laws still
`protect most moving image works produced in the United States from 1964 to the present. Since the
`Prelinger collection on this site exists to supply material to users without most rights restrictions, every title
`has been checked for copyright status. Those titles that either are copyrighted or whose status is in
`question have not been made available. For information on recent changes in copyright law, see the
`circular Duration of Copyright (in PDF format) published by the Library of Congress
`
` For more information...
`Check out our Prelinger Archives Forum
`
`Questions
`Can I link to old pages on the
`Wayback Machine?
`
` The Wayback Machine
` Can I link to old pages on the Wayback Machine?
`
`https://archive.org/about/faqs.php[11/9/2016 1:15:43 PM]
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
`
`Who was involved in the
`creation of the Internet Archive
`Wayback Machine?
`How was the Wayback Machine
`made?
`How do you archive dynamic
`pages?
`How can I use the Wayback
`Machine’s Site Search to find
`websites?
`Can I search the Archive?
`How can I have my site's pages
`excluded from the Wayback
`Machine?
`Do you collect all the sites on
`the Web?
`Why isn't the site I'm looking for
`in the archive?
`How can I use the Wayback
`Machine’s Site Search to find
`websites?
`Why is the Internet Archive
`collecting sites from the
`Internet? What makes the
`information useful?
`Do you archive email? Chat?
`How can I get a copy of the
`pages on my Web site? If my
`site got hacked or damaged,
`could I get a backup from the
`Archive?'
`Is there any personal
`information in these collections?
`Can I add pages to the Wayback
`Machine?
`How do I contact the Internet
`Archive?
`Where is the rest of the archived
`site? Why am I getting broken or
`gray images on a site?
`Why are some sites harder to
`archive than others?
`Can I find sites by searching for
`words that are in their pages?
`Can I still find sites in the
`Wayback Machine if I just know
`the URL?
`How do you protect my privacy
`if you archive my site?
`
`Yes! The Wayback Machine is built so that it can be used and referenced. If you find an archived page
`that you would like to reference on your Web page or in an article, you can copy the URL. You can even
`use fuzzy URL matching and date specification... but that's a bit more advanced.
`
` Who was involved in the creation of the Internet Archive Wayback Machine?
`"The original idea for the Internet Archive Wayback Machine began in 1996, when the Internet Archive first
`began archiving the web. Now, five years later, with over 100 terabytes and a dozen web crawls
`completed, the Internet Archive has made the Internet Archive Wayback Machine available to the public.
`The Internet Archive has relied on donations of web crawls, technology, and expertise from Alexa Internet
`and others. The Internet Archive Wayback Machine is owned and operated by the Internet Archive."
`
` How was the Wayback Machine made?
`Alexa Internet, in cooperation with the Internet Archive, has designed a three dimensional index that allows
`browsing of web documents over multiple time periods, and turned this unique feature into the Wayback
`Machine.
`
` How do you archive dynamic pages?
`There are many different kinds of dynamic pages, some of which are easily stored in an archive and some
`of which fall apart completely. When a dynamic page renders standard html, the archive works beautifully.
`When a dynamic page contains forms, JavaScript, or other elements that require interaction with the
`originating host, the archive will not contain the original site's functionality.
`
` How can I use the Wayback Machine’s Site Search to find websites?
`The Site Search feature of the Wayback Machine is based on an index built by evaluating terms from
`hundreds of billions of links to the homepages of more than 350 million sites. Search results are ranked by
`the number of captures in the Wayback and the number of relevant links to the site's homepage.
`
` Can I search the Archive?
`Using the Internet Archive Wayback Machine, it is possible to search for the names of sites contained in
`the Archive (URLs) and to specify date ranges for your search. We hope to implement a full text search
`engine at some point in the future.
`
` How can I have my site's pages excluded from the Wayback Machine?
`You can exclude your site from display in the Wayback Machine by placing a robots.txt file on your web
`server that is set to disallow User-Agent: ia_archiver. You can also send an email request for us to review
`to info@archive.org with the URL (web address) in the text of your message.
`
` Do you collect all the sites on the Web?
`No, the Archive collects web pages that are publicly available. We do not archive pages that require a
`password to access, pages that are only accessible when a person types into and sends a form, or pages
`on secure servers. Pages may not be archived due to robots exclusions and some sites are excluded by
`direct site owner request.
`
` Why isn't the site I'm looking for in the archive?
`Some sites may not be included because the automated crawlers were unaware of their existence at the
`time of the crawl. It's also possible that some sites were not archived because they were password
`protected, blocked by robots.txt, or otherwise inaccessible to our automated systems. Site owners might
`have also requested that their sites be excluded from the Wayback Machine.
`
` How can I use the Wayback Machine’s Site Search to find websites?
`The Site Search feature of the Wayback Machine is based on an index built by evaluating terms from
`hundreds of billions of links to the homepages of more than 350 million sites. Search results are ranked by
`the number of captures in the Wayback and the number of relevant links to the site's homepage.
`
` Why is the Internet Archive collecting sites from the Internet? What makes the information useful?
`Most societies place importance on preserving artifacts of their culture and heritage. Without such artifacts,
`civilization has no memory and no mechanism to learn from its successes and failures. Our culture now
`produces more and more artifacts in digital form. The Archive's mission is to help preserve those artifacts
`and create an Internet library for researchers, historians, and scholars. The Archive collaborates with
`
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
`
`What is the Wayback Machine?
`How can I get my site included
`in the Wayback Machine?
`What are the sources of your
`captures?
`Why are some of the dots on the
`calendar page different colors?
`How does the Wayback Machine
`behave with Javascript turned
`off?
`How did I end up on the live
`version of a site? or I clicked on
`X date, but now I am on Y date,
`how is that possible?
`Where does the name come
`from?
`How do I cite Wayback Machine
`urls in MLA format?
`What is the Archive-It service of
`the Internet Archive Wayback
`Machine?
`How can I help the Internet
`Archive and the Wayback
`Machine?
`Who has access to the
`collections? What about the
`public?
`How can I get pages
`authenticated from the Wayback
`Machine? How can use the
`pages in court?
`Some sites are not available
`because of robots.txt or other
`exclusions. What does that
`mean?
`What is the Wayback Machine's
`Copyright Policy?
`
`institutions including the Library of Congress and the Smithsonian.
`
` Do you archive email? Chat?
`No, we do not collect or archive chat systems or personal email messages that have not been posted to
`Usenet bulletin boards or publicly accessible online message boards.
`
` How can I get a copy of the pages on my Web site? If my site got hacked or damaged, could I get
`a backup from the Archive?'
`Our terms of use do not cover backups for the general public. However, you may use the Internet Archive
`Wayback Machine to locate and access archived versions of a site to which you own the rights. We can't
`guarantee that your site has been or will be archived. We can no longer offer the service to pack up sites
`that have been lost.
`
` Is there any personal information in these collections?
`We collect Web pages that are publicly accessible. These may include pages with personal information.
`
` Can I add pages to the Wayback Machine?
`On https://archive.org/web you can use the "Save Page Now" feature to save a specific page one time.
`This does not currently add the URL to any future crawls nor does it save more than that one page. It
`does not save multiple pages, directories or entire sites.
`
` How do I contact the Internet Archive?
`All questions about the Wayback Machine, or other Internet Archive projects, should be addressed to
`info@archive.org.
`
` Where is the rest of the archived site? Why am I getting broken or gray images on a site?
`Broken images occur when the images are not available on our servers. Usually this means that we did
`not archive them.
`
`You can tell if the image or link you are looking for is in the Wayback Machine by entering the image or
`link’s URL into the Wayback Machine search box. Whatever archives we have are viewable in the
`Wayback Machine.
`
`The best way to see all the files we have archived of the site is:
`http://web.archive.org/*/www.yoursite.com/*
`
`There is a 3-10 hour lag time between the time a site is crawled and when it appears in the Wayback
`Machine.
`
` Why are some sites harder to archive than others?
`If you look at our collection of archived sites, you will find some broken pages, missing graphics, and some
`sites that aren't archived at all. Some of the things that may cause this are:
`
`Robots.txt -- A site’s robots.txt document may have prevented the crawling of a site.
`Javascript -- Javascript elements are often hard to archive, but especially if they generate links
`without having the full name in the page. Plus, if javascript needs to contact the originating server in
`order to work, it will fail when archived.
`Server side image maps -- Like any functionality on the web, if it needs to contact the originating
`server in order to work, it will fail when archived.
`Orphan pages -- If there are no links to your pages, the robot won't find it (the robots don't enter
`queries in search boxes.)
`
`As a general rule of thumb, simple html is the easiest to archive.
`
` Can I find sites by searching for words that are in their pages?
`No, at least not yet. Site Search for the Wayback Machine will help you find the homepages of sites,
`based on words people have used to describe those sites, as opposed to words that appear on pages
`from sites.
`
` Can I still find sites in the Wayback Machine if I just know the URL?
`Yes, just enter a domain or URL the way you have in the past and press the "Browse History" button.
`
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
`
` How do you protect my privacy if you archive my site?
`The Archive collects Web pages that are publicly available, the same ones that you might find as you
`surfed around the Web. We do not archive pages that require a password to access, pages that are only
`accessible when a person types into and sends a form, or pages on secure servers. Pages tagged for
`robots.txt exclusion (for User-Agent: ia_archiver) by their owners are excluded from the Wayback Machine.
`We also provide information on removing a site from the collections. Those who use the collections must
`agree to certain terms of use.
`
`Like a public library, the Archive provides free and open access to its collections to researchers, historians,
`and scholars. Our cultural norms have long promoted access to documents that were, but no longer are,
`publicly accessible.
`
`Given the rate at which the Internet is changing the average life of a Web page is only 77 days if no effort
`is made to preserve it, it will be entirely and irretrievably lost. Rather than let this moment slip by, we are
`proceeding with documenting the growth and content of the Internet, using libraries as our model.
`
`If you are interested in these issues, please join and contribute to our announcement and discussion lists.
`
` What is the Wayback Machine? How can I get my site included in the Wayback Machine?
`The Internet Archive Wayback Machine is a service that allows people to visit archived versions of Web
`sites. Visitors to the Wayback Machine can type in a URL, select a date range, and then begin surfing on
`an archived version of the Web. Imagine surfing circa 1999 and looking at all the Y2K hype, or revisiting
`an older version of your favorite Web site. The Internet Archive Wayback Machine can make all of this
`possible.
`
`How can I get my site included in the Wayback Machine?
`Much of our archived web data comes from our own crawls or from Alexa Internet's crawls. Neither
`organization has a "crawl my site now!" submission process. Internet Archive's crawls tend to find sites that
`are well linked from other sites. The best way to ensure that we find your web site is to make sure it is
`included in online directories and that similar/related sites link to you.
`
`Alexa Internet uses its own methods to discover sites to crawl. It may be helpful to install the free Alexa
`toolbar and visit the site you want crawled to make sure they know about it.
`
`Regardless of who is crawling the site, you should ensure that your site's 'robots.txt' rules and in-page
`META robots directives do not tell crawlers to avoid your site.
`
` What are the sources of your captures?
`When you roll over individual web captures (that pop-up when you roll over the dots on the calendar page
`for a URL,) you may notice some text links shows up above the calendar, along with the word “why”.
`Those links will take you to the Collection of web captures associated with the specific web crawl the
`capture came from. Every day hundreds of web crawls contribute to the web captures available via the
`Wayback Machine. Behind each, there is a story about factors like who, why, when and how.
`
` Why are some of the dots on the calendar page different colors?
`We color the dots, and links, associated with individual web captures, or multiple web captures, for a given
`day. Blue means the web server result code the crawler got for the related capture was a 2nn (good);
`Green means the crawlers got a status code 3nn (redirect); Orange means the crawler got a status code
`4nn (client error), and Red means the crawler saw a 5nn (server error). Most of the time you will probably
`want to select the blue dots or links.
`
` How does the Wayback Machine behave with Javascript turned off?
`If you have Javascript turned off, images and links will be from the live web, not from our archive of old
`Web files.
`
` How did I end up on the live version of a site? or I clicked on X date, but now I am on Y date, how
`is that possible?
`Not every date for every site archived is 100% complete. When you are surfing an incomplete archived site
`the Wayback Machine will grab the closest available date to the one you are in for the links that are
`missing. In the event that we do not have the link archived at all, the Wayback Machine will look for the
`
`https://archive.org/about/faqs.php[11/9/2016 1:15:43 PM]
`
`Boehringer Ex. 2016
`Mylan v. Boehringer Ingelheim
`IPR2016-01565
`Page 7
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`
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`Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions
`
`link on the live web and grab it if available. Pay attention to the date code embedded in the archived url.
`This is the list of numbers in the middle; it translates as yyyymmddhhmmss. For example in this url
`http://web.archive.org/web/20000229123340/http://www.yahoo.com/ the date the site was crawled was Feb
`29, 2000 at 12:33 and 40 seconds.
`
`You can see a listing of the dates of the specific URL by replacing the date code with an asterisk (*), ie:
`http://web.archive.org/*/www.yoursite.com
`
` Where does the name come from?
`The Wayback Machine is named in reference to the famous Mr. Peabody's WABAC (pronounced way-
`back) machine from the Rocky and Bullwinkle cartoon show.
`
` How do I cite Wayback Machine urls in MLA format?
`This question is a newer one. We asked MLA to help us with how to cite an archived URL in correct
`format. They did say that there is no established format for resources like the Wayback Machine, but it's
`best to err on the side of more information. You should cite the webpage as you would normally, and then
`give the Wayback Machine information. They provided the following example: McDonald, R. C. "Basic
`Canary Care." _Robirda Online_. 12 Sept. 2004. 18 Dec. 2006 [http://www.robirda.com/cancare.html].
`_Internet Archive_. [ http://web.archive.org/web/20041009202820/http://www.robirda.com/cancare.html].
`They added that if the date that the information was updated is missing, one can use the closest date in
`the Wayback Machine. Then comes the date when the page is retrieved and the original URL. Neither
`URL should be underlined in the bibliography itself. Thanks MLA!
`
` What is the Archive-It service of the Internet Archive Wayback Machine?
`For information on the Archive-It subscription service that allows institutions to build and preserve
`collections of born digital content, see https://www.archive.org/about/faqs.php#Archive-It
` How can I help the Internet Archive and the Wayback Machine?
`The Internet Archive actively seeks donations of digital materials for preservation. If you have digital
`materials that may be of interest to future generations, please let us know by sending an email to info at
`archive dot org. The Internet Archive is also seeking additional funding to continue this important mission.
`You can click the donate tab above or click here. Thank you for considering us in your charitable giving.
`
` Who has access to the collections? What about the public?
`Anyone can access our collections through our website archive.org. The web archive can be searched
`using the Wayback Machine.
`
`The Archive makes the collections available at no cost to researchers, historians, and scholars. At present,
`it takes someone with a certain level of technical knowledge to access collections in a way other than our
`website, but there is no requirement that a user be affiliated with any particular organization.
`
` How can I get pages authenticated from the Wayback Machine? How can use the pages in court?
`The Wayback Machine tool was not designed for legal use. We do have a legal request policy found at our
`legal page. Please read through the entire policy before contacting us with your questions. We do have a
`standard affidavit as well as a FAQ section for lawyers. We would prefer that before you contact us for
`such services, you see if the other side will stipulate instead. We do not have an in-house legal staff, so
`this service takes away from our normal duties. Once you have read through our policy, if you still hav