BRADLEY UNIVERSITY
`
`~!~-~~-~~ NO ATA
`D
`T,
`DEO
`1980~81:
`A
`orldwide
`Report
`
`Transcript of viewdata '80
`first world conference
`on viewdata, videotex, and teletext
`
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`VIEWDAfA44
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`
`Worldwide
`Report
`
`Transcript of viewdata '80,
`first world conference
`on viewdata, videotex, and teletext
`
`Knowledge Industry Publications, Inc.
`White Plains, New York
`
`APPLE EX. 1025
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`

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`Viewdata and Videotext, 1980-81: A Worldwide Report
`
`Transcript of viewdata '80, first world conference on viewdata, videotex and teletext, London,
`March 26·28, 1980
`
`ISBN 0-914236-77-6
`LC: 80-18234
`
`This title is being published simultaneously in the United Kingdom under the title: Videotex, Viewdata
`& Teletext
`
`Copyright© 1980 by Online Conferences Ltd.
`
`Published by Knowledge Industry Publications, Inc. in conjunction with Online Conferences Ltd. No
`part of this book may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the written permission of the
`publisher, Knowledge Industry Publications, Inc., 2 Corporate Park Drive, White Plains, NewYork
`10604.
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`
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`i i i
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`Introduction & Preface
`
`The use of the ubiquitous TV set as an information display and
`interactive personal electronic communication device will bring
`dramatic changes to the way in whlch we conduct our day-to-day lives.
`The effect will at first be rnos t apparaent in business wtth the easy
`availability of compu t er-stored information and the ability to send and
`receive mail electroni cally . The effect will then become apparent in
`the home with the TV set gradually enhancing its primary role of
`entertainment device to incorporate information acquisition, computer(cid:173)
`a ided education and electronic message transmission.
`
`This book comprises written back-up to the presenta tlons given at
`Viewdata '80 - The First World Conference on Viewdata, Videotex and
`Teletext.
`
`To ensure that the preprints are as up-to-date as possible, the authors
`have supplied them to us in camera-ready form which does not allow
`for editing and for this reason we would ask for your understanding
`with some of the overseas papers where English ls not the author's
`native language. In order to keep the book as up- to-date as possible,
`the papers have been printed in random order .
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`v
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`Contentt
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`Videotex activities in Canada: a status report
`
`Information provider activities
`in Canada
`
`G Haslam
`VIS PAC, Canada
`
`Telidon and education in Canada
`
`P G Bowers
`M Cioni
`Ontario Educational
`Communications Authority,
`Canada
`
`l
`
`7
`
`Videotex services: network and
`t<;rminal alternatives
`
`A M Chitnis
`J M Costa
`Bell-Northern Research, Canada
`
`485
`
`Telidon technology development
`in Canada
`
`An overview of the Canadian
`scene
`
`H G Bown
`C D 0 Brien
`W Sawchuk
`Federal Department of
`Communications, Canada
`
`D F Parkhill
`Federal Department of
`Communications, Canada
`
`From "pots" to "pans" -
`Videotex development in Canada
`
`J Fraser
`Bell Canada
`
`Videotex activities in France: a status report
`
`The telematique programme in
`France
`
`R D Bright
`SOPRITEL, France
`
`Teletel, the planned French
`videotex service
`
`M Termens
`Direction Generale des
`TelE~communications, France
`
`Development & applications of the
`An tiope- Did on technology
`
`J GuiLlermin
`SOFRATEV, France
`
`Plans and projection for the
`electronic directory service
`
`J P Maury
`Direction Generale des
`Telecommunications, France
`
`547
`
`559
`
`603
`
`19
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`25
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`29
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`vi
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`Viewd a ta activities in the UK: a status report
`
`Pres tel opera tiona! 5 tra tegy
`
`The electronic newspaper
`
`P Troughton
`BPO Telecommunications
`
`51
`
`P MeG Montague
`The Birmingham Post & Mail, UK 63
`
`Providing business information
`
`B Botten
`Fintel , UK
`
`73
`
`What kind of pictures fo r
`v ideotex?
`
`K E Clarke
`Post Office Research Centre, UK 8-<:r
`
`Videotex activities in the USA: a 5 tatus report
`
`A videote x tr ial
`
`A public broadcas ter' s view of
`teletext in the United Sta t es
`
`The role of the television
`receiver manufactur er in the
`United States
`
`Videotex and the news paper
`business
`
`An experiment with computer(cid:173)
`based educational s ervices in
`a general public envi ronment
`
`S Berkman
`American Telephone &
`Telegraph Co ., USA
`
`H Gunn
`KCET, USA
`G W Ha rper
`Telet ext Consu ltant, USA
`
`W S Ciclora
`Zenith Radio Corp . , USA
`
`447
`
`477
`
`5 33
`
`W T Maguire
`American Newspaper Publishers
`Association , USA
`
`583
`
`F K Mor ioka
`Control Dat a Corp oration, USA
`
`613
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`vii
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`Videotex activities in Jap an: a status repor t
`
`CAPTAIN sys t em features
`
`Conception of CAPTAIN system
`
`T Kumamo to
`S Ohkoshi
`Nippon Telegraph &
`Telephone Public Corp. Japan
`
`K Yasuda
`Min is try of Posts &
`Telecommunications 1 Japan
`
`The index system of the CAPTAIN
`system experiment al service
`
`R Inou e
`CAPTAIN Center 1 Japan
`
`The Co-oper ative Association of
`CAPTAIN Information Providers
`and present state of information
`supply for the experimen tal service
`
`N Kurushlma
`The Yomiuri Shimbun 1 Japan
`
`Videotex devel opments in Germany, the Netherlands & the Nordic
`Countries
`
`Viewdata in the Netherlands
`
`TELSET, the Finnish viewdata
`system
`
`P J G M Ruiten
`Ne therlands Postal &
`Telecommuni cations Services
`
`0 Barlund
`Oy Softplan, Finland
`P Jaakola
`Sanoma Publishing Co.,
`Finland
`
`Viewdata & electronic administration
`
`In tern a tional business
`applications of viewdata
`
`W Shrimpton
`Loglca, UK
`
`Workstations in the electronic
`office
`
`AN Tantaw1
`M M Mourad
`Laboratoire IMAG, France
`
`Viewdata : a practical medium
`for electronic mail
`
`R Camrass
`Butler Cox & Partners, UK
`
`The role of viewdata in
`el ec tronlc funds transfer
`
`R F Park
`Inter- Bank Research
`Organisation, UK
`
`93
`
`1 07
`
`113
`
`123
`
`133
`
`139
`
`147
`
`159
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`173
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`185
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`viii
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`Design and evaluation of videotex/viewdata services
`
`Methods of designing and
`evaluating videotex
`
`H B Thomas
`R Pye
`Communications Studies and
`Planning , UK
`
`The common sense of trying out
`videotex
`
`R Johansen
`Institute for the Future, USA
`
`Vista: leading to the successful
`implementation of videotex in
`Canada
`
`L G. Wilson
`Bell Canada
`
`Market projections for videotex/viewdata developments
`
`/The emerging markets for
`videotex
`
`R Woolfe
`Butler Cox & Partners
`
`Advertising on viewdata & teletext
`
`the opportunity for
`Pres tel:
`advertising
`
`International videotex standards
`
`Videotex standardization - a
`French viewpoint
`
`Towards videotex standards
`
`Future utilization of interactive
`and broadcast videotex in
`Germany and its -effects on
`standardization
`
`International videotex
`standardization: a Canadian
`view of progress to'" ards the
`wired world
`
`C Powell
`Boase Massimi Pollitt
`Univasl UK
`
`B Marti
`CCETT, France
`C Schwartz
`Direction Generale des
`Telecommunications , France
`
`G v Bochmann
`J Gecsei
`University of Montr eal
`Canada
`
`R . Zimmermann
`Dornier System , FRG
`
`J C Smirle
`Y F Lum
`H G Bown
`Federal Department of
`Communications, Canada
`
`203
`
`461
`
`573
`
`217
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`233
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`247
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`253
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`263
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`271
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`ix
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`Electronic publishi ng
`
`Prestel user market research
`
`K Watson
`Eastel Serv~c es, UK
`
`Prestel a s a publishing medium:
`the elements of S'.J.Cce s s or
`failure
`
`R Winsbury
`Fintel, UK
`
`El ectronic p ublishing and the
`Government
`
`Prestel and the law
`
`Private v i ewdata systems
`
`STC's approach to in-house
`v i ewdata s y stems
`
`Sir John Barran
`Central Office o f
`Information, UK
`
`S Castell
`Infolex Servi ces , UK
`
`FA Beys
`STC I UK
`R E Cooke
`H W Toze
`R L W illiams
`STL , UK
`
`IVS-3 as a private viewdata
`system
`
`A R Haimes
`Syst ems Des i gners, UK
`
`Prestel, the private system or
`both?
`
`M G Smith
`Intext , UK
`
`Private viewdata systems
`
`A Korda
`GEC Viewdata Systems, UK
`
`2 81
`
`285
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`295
`
`3 01
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`313
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`323
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`337
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`5 15
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`X
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`International teletext review
`
`Britains teletext services are
`a commercial success
`
`G Morgan
`
`Broadcast text infonnation in
`France
`
`B Marti
`CCETT I France
`
`Teletext in the Federal
`Republic of Germany
`
`Appropriate Technology for
`text broadcasting
`
`Prestel & the travel industry
`
`Videotel
`
`U Messerschmid
`Institut fur Rundfunktechnik
`FRG
`
`E Somers
`Electronic Text/Graphics
`Consultant I USA
`
`J F Courtney
`Courtney Sears Marketing, UK
`
`The place of viewdata in
`relation to other communications
`techniques in the travel industry:
`a personal view
`
`D MAdams
`A Montgomery- Smith
`Thomas Cook Group, UK
`
`Prestel and the travel industry
`
`M Davis
`Baric Computing Services Ltd
`UK
`
`Telesoftware & end-user computing
`
`The use of MicroCobol for
`telesoftware
`
`E C Sedman
`CAP-CPP MicroProducts, UK
`
`Broadcast telesoftware:
`experience with ORACLE
`
`J Hedger
`ORACLE (ITCA) , UK
`
`341
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`359
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`431
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`499
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`371
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`379
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`595
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`399
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`413
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`xi
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`Educational a pplications for viewdata
`
`Viewdata -
`education
`
`implications for
`
`M HAston
`Advisory Unit for Computer
`Based Education , UK
`
`467
`
`An evaluation of viewdata for
`training in industry
`
`I M Maslin
`MY Gates
`PIRA 1 UK
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`29
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`Development & Applications of the Antiope-Didon Technology
`
`J Guillermin
`President and General Manager
`
`Societe Franc;aise d'Etudes et Realisations
`d'Equipements de Radiodi ffusion
`et de Television (SOFRATEV)
`
`France
`
`The French Antiope teletext has now been on the air for almost 3 years
`in France : a full public service has been implemented, and will be promoted
`in the near- future by industrial production of VLSI component equipment.
`
`Teletel-Teletext full compatibility in terms of display processing makes
`Antiope products the best suited to the present new developments aiming
`at teletext message deli very on broad band channels, in low-cost business
`or specific audience applications, especially in the United States.
`
`Copyright© 1980 by Online Conferences Ltd.
`
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`Th~ French ANT~O~E system w~s reportedly developed as a unique visuali(cid:173)
`zatiOn process, atmmg both at vtdeo broadcast one-way information display
`and at interactive data retrieval and display via the switched telephone
`network.
`
`The narrow band two-way communication service is called TELETEL :
`in this mode, the ANTIOPE decoding unit of the user's terminal is connected
`to a data base via a telephone line through classical telephone modems,
`currently 1200/75 bauds, using dedicated logic circuitry.
`
`For ANTIOPE teletext wide band delivery, the same ANTIOPE decoding
`unit is fed through specific demodulator and demultiplexer circuits called
`DIDON.
`
`After a brief description of the main technical features of DIDON and
`ANTIOPE, this paper describes the services now on the air in France, future
`developments based on actual marketing in France and abroad, especially
`in the United States, and decoder mass production schedules.
`
`1. DIDON DATA TRANSMISSION PROCESS
`
`The main features of the DIDON transmission process are its complete
`independence from the bit frequency, and its ability to use any video line
`within the frame. DIDON transmits one data packet per video line : it
`is completely transparent with regard to the nature of the data. This means
`that ANTIOPE teletext alphamosaiccodes are only one example of the
`kinds of data that DIDON can transmit. In fact, any kind of digitally coded
`message can be transmitted via DIDON, and the useful data flow can exceed
`4 Mbits/sec in full channel (625 line standard) capacity (2.8 Mbits/sec in
`525 line standards), i.e. when the entire video channel is filled with data
`packets.
`
`This feature allows the distribution of ANTIOPE codes either on any small
`number of video lines within the blanking intervals, together with the regular
`TV program (like Ceefax and Oracle), or on a full video channel : on the
`air or on cable. In the United States, for instance, Multipoint Distribution
`Systems (MDS) are devoted to pay TV at 2 GHz in over 100 of the largest
`American cities : these channels might also be very useful for ANTIOPE
`teletext broadcast either with spare channel capacity during pay-TV hours
`(from 5:30 p.m. to 2 a.m.), or with full channel capacity during business
`or other night time hours.
`
`Cable TV stations might also make use of the Didon full channel capability
`for teletext transmission as well as for any other data packet delivery.
`
`2. ANTIOPE ALPHAMOSAIC DISPLAY PROCESS
`
`Didon's features free ANTIOPE ~oding and editing from any constraints
`with regard to the length of a video line, or anything else. Thus, for alpha-
`
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`mosaic display, ANTIOPE codes are sent in the same way as for an ordinary
`telex, with line feed and carriage return character codes. The parallel
`attribute configuration on 16 bits per character, instead of 8, makes a
`completely logical editing procedure possible. Each character code is closely
`associated with its color, background color, and flashing attribute, double
`width, double height, inverted background, etc., whether the characters
`are separate or contiguous, alphabetic or graphic, upper or lower case.
`Up to 16 different alphabets may be visualized on the same display, namely
`French, English, German, Cyrillic, Arabic, as well as any other alphabetically
`structured language.
`
`3. ANTIOPE-DIDON BROADCAST QUALITY
`
`In DIDON, Hamming codes in the header of each data packet provide op(cid:173)
`timal error protection,
`
`In ANTIOPE messages, a parity check is available for each byte. Brpadcast
`teletext could in fact lead, in difficult reception conditions, to a complete
`loss of characters, even to missing lines if special redundancy and error
`correction procedures were not implemented. Extensive field measurement
`tests have been run on VHF or UHF transmitters in France, Switzerland,
`Holland, and more recently in the United States on CBS's Saint Louis trans(cid:173)
`mitter. The overall results are excellent in terms of average error rate.
`The conclusion of these field tests is that, acceptable ANTIOPE teletext
`conditions exist even when TV program quality is rather poor. In extremely
`bad reception areas, special error correction devices associated with enhanced
`antennas may solve the worst problems.
`
`4. ANTIOPE MARKETING IN FRANCE
`
`A technical test period enabled Telediffusion de France to appraise and
`improve ANTIOPE and Oidon standards until 1977. At that time, a pre(cid:173)
`operational service was started in Paris, together with the "Compagnie
`des Agents de Change". This was the beginning of Antiope-Bourse, the
`stock exchange service, as well as of TDF's teletext expertise. Since May,
`1979, a complete teletext public service is on the air, with seven different
`magazines on four TV networks. Eight more magazines will begin to be
`broadcast before the end of this year, each editing between 50 to 300 pages.
`Three of the networks are the national television networks, TF 1, A2 and
`FR3; the last one is a regional one partly devoted to local community ANTIOPE
`teletext services. Each one can broadcast approximately 100 teletext
`pages either on a national basis or for regional coverage (FR3).
`
`An interesting point in France is that the old VHF black and white 819-
`line network is being phased out of service, and it is possible to dedicate
`it to specific audience programs, for instance full channel teletext. A
`total of 6,000 pages are available on this one VHF channel, with an average
`access time of under 10 seconds.
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`4.1 ANTIOPE-BOURSE (STOCK EXCHANGE)
`
`In July of 1977, the stock exchange IBM computer was hooked to an ANTIOPE
`multiplexer through a buffer. Since then, an increasing number of dedicated
`stock market pages have been put on the air each day. Up to 80 pages
`a day were transmitted on an experimental basis until last October. Now
`the ANTIOPE stock exchange service is on the air with over 350 pages
`on the VHF dedicated network operated by TDF. A few thousand stock
`quotations are thus available in real time, from foreign countries as well
`(100 pages). The immediate broadcast and large audience for this data
`makes this service one of the best suited to broadcast teletext.
`
`4.2 OTHER ANTIOPE SERVICES
`
`Other ANTIOPE services are now on the air over the four different net(cid:173)
`works:
`
`"ANTIOPE-METEO" (weather report) has been on the air since October,
`1978, with 25 pages, then 80, and will increase to 150 by the end of this
`year. An audience marketing study proved the interest of such a magazine
`among specific categories of the public : transportation businesses, tourism,
`civil works and agriculture seem to be extremely interested.
`
`"ANTIOPE-POSTES" (postal information) is now a 50-page experimental
`magazine on air for post office staff. It will soon become a public service
`for general information in all French post offices, thus making a large
`audience accustomed to this new communication device.
`
`"ANTIOPE-OREP" (local community news and information) is on the air
`as an 80-page experimental service for the public in the southwest part
`of France over FR3. Manual editing by the Permanent Education Regional
`Office brings together employment advertisements, university news, town
`hall administrative information, etc.
`
`"ANTIOPE-ANTENNE 2" is a service broadcast nationally by the A2 network.
`It provides 60 pages of information connected with the TV programs and,
`at the same time, has enabled A2 to gain considerable practical experience
`with this completely new programming medium after six months of opera(cid:173)
`tion.
`
`"ANTIOPE-CRICR" (road conditions) on the VHF network is as yet only
`a few pages, and is now operational in the south of France near Marseille.
`
`"ANTIOPE-ALPES DE HAUTE PROVENCE" is a 60 to 80-page magazine
`of local information on the FR3 network.
`
`Other services are to come during 1980, and a total of one thousand pages
`should be on the air by the end of the year. The philosophy underlying
`TDF's marketing is essentially oriented toward data which suffers from
`lack of circulation, or poor circulation.
`
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`The number of decoders now in use is 500, but will soon be a thousand.
`The first LSI circuits will be available on an industrial basis in a few months,
`and this will rapidly increase the number .of ANTIOPE teletext users, since
`a public service is already on the air.
`
`5. ANTIOPE BROADCAST TELETEXT DEVELOPMENTS
`
`There has been considerable development at the CCETT in Rennes since
`the teletext standard was first tested. This activity is now closely related
`to a strong marketing policy.
`
`Sofratev, an engineering subsidiary of TDF, is responsible for marketing
`ANTIOPE-DIDON technology abroad. The first opportunity happened to
`be the interest in teletext expressed by the CBS network in the United
`States. As the ANTIOPE equipment was perfectly adaptable to the U.S.
`NTSC 525-line standard, TDF was able to deliver teletext equipment in
`February, 1979, to the CBS laboratories. ANTIOPE was on the air at KMOX
`Saint-Louis in March, and the first field tests began in May of 1979. A
`demonstration was held last September of ANTIOPE's excellent performance
`in the U.S. standard.
`
`5.1 NEW BROADCAST TELETEXT DEVELOPMENTS
`
`Since then, ANTIOPE development was fully supported by the technical
`interaction between American and French engineers.
`
`5.1.1 The idea that teletext, associated with a TV program, would be too
`limited for mass audience interest in the U.S. led to different concepts.
`The most evident improvement is the use of a multiple page local memory
`for the decoders in order to eliminate access time problems at least after
`the first cycle. The first model multiple page memory decoder was ex(cid:173)
`perimented a few months ago in France with a 50 to 60 page memory.
`It has since been demonstrated in Toronto (SMPTE), and may be seen at
`Viewdata 80. One of the VLSI circuit manufacturers in France has already
`included such operational features in its design of ANTIOPE cir~uits.
`
`5.1.2 The selective access process in broadcast teletext has proved to
`be one of the most profitable features for future use, either for mass audi(cid:173)
`ences or for business applications. CCETT developments with regard to
`secrecy and/or subscription teletext are now quite near completion. A
`magnetic card system will key the access in an initial development; electron(cid:173)
`ic cards will follow as soon as they are available on the market.
`
`5.1.3 The p.ossibilities of teletext closed captioning for the hearing-impaired
`and for foreigners are well known and were first experimented in the United
`Kingdom. The problem of synchronizing the TV program and the captions
`was not really solved, except at the price of heavy time delay constraints.
`If several different languages are to be captioned at the same time with
`a given TV program, new developments are needed, because asynchronism
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`34
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`appears for multilanguage captioning applications. The new standards
`make it very simple to add sophisticated captioning options to a normal
`teletext decoder : in this new process, the synchronism control signals
`are completely separate from the "character attributes"- they are actually
`considered as a "message attribute".
`
`The same ANTIOPE feature will lead very simply to :
`• sophisticated display animation
`• combination of alphamosaics, alphagraphics and even chirographics on
`the same display in a completely compatible evolution from the elementary
`low-cost teletext decoder to the most sophiSticated version.
`
`The idea behind this process is very simple : it is better to give the system
`the ability to combine different languages in an evolutive process than
`to try to design the most sophisticated language to meet all the requirements.
`The reason is that we do not yet know what these requirements may be.
`
`The ANTIOPE "article" concept described in the paper delivered by Mr.
`Marti of the CCETT provides the technical capability. This concept is
`particularly interesting because the present standards and equipment are
`completely compatible with it, since default options are provided.
`
`These ideas recently led some PBS stations in the U.S. to express interest
`in ANTIOPE-DIDON technology, especially with regard to mass audience
`field tests in the educational area : animation, captioning, combination
`of high quality graphics and teletext with hand-drawn designs are highly
`desirable features for such applications.
`
`5.1.4 High quality graphics are now available in ANTIOPE technology.
`Software alphabet technique consists in downloadinga maximum of 128
`different graphic configurations in normal character size in the RAM of
`the decoder :the visualization process then combines the elementary signs
`to display a high quality graphic design, according to codes which are subse(cid:173)
`quently sent by the source. True circles or exact curves may then be formed,
`with two distinct color areas per character. The principal advantage, even
`though some constraints on the design exist, is that a standard teletext
`decoder can display these graphics by simple additionof a RAM.
`
`5.1.5 Handwritten teledesign on a TV screen is now a well known possible
`point-to-point communication medium using narrow band links. Addition
`of "chirographic display" in the broadcast process of an ANTIOPE decoder
`is also possible if this new "language", i.e. X. Y control of the electronic
`beam, is implemented in the decoder. As mentioned earlier, it should be
`more convenient to do animation this way than to impose time constraints
`on animated pages during the teletext cycle •. Think of the use to which
`::;uch a natural and inexpensive communication source could be put for edu(cid:173)
`cational purposes in developing countries.
`
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`
`35
`
`6. ANTIOPE TELETEXT DELIVERY DEVELOPMENTS
`
`In May, 1979, Sofratev formed a U.S. subsidiary in Washington, D.C., in
`order to follow U.S. network needs in the field of broadcast teletext, but
`also and primarily to market ANTIOPE-DIDON technology for business
`or specific audience use. This firm is ANTIOPE VIDEOTEX SYSTEMS,
`Inc. (AVS). The different marketing studies conducted in the U.S. last
`year all led to the same conclusion : the present potential market will not
`be a mass audience market before a few years' time, but a business market,
`and possibly a specific audience market. It is therefore essential to adapt
`our present technology to the real needs of business people or specific
`audiences, and also to define a large enough range of products to respond
`to each interest, at the lowest cost.
`
`6.1 TRANSMISSION CHANNEL COST COMPARISON
`
`We already mentioned that, in the U.S., MDS can transmit full channel
`teletext data during business hours or late night hours. An experimental
`transmission of ANTIOPE teletext data was successfully demonstrated
`last year, during the NICE III conference, on the Washington Microband
`MDS transmitter. This channel is especially well suited to business data
`delivery or pay teletext for specific audiences, and it is probably the least
`expensive one. Users are equipped with special antennas and SHF -UHF
`transposers; the complete set is now on the market for between 70 to 200
`dollars •.
`
`TV cables offer a number of spare channels in many cases. The delivery
`cost is more difficult to estimate, but an evaluation based on the present
`average subscription price for CATV tends to prove that, due to the high
`data flow available, such a channel would be quite competitive with data
`packet transmission networks, probably by a ratio of 10 to 1.
`
`In any case, competition in data communication fields could change these
`conditions in the future. Nevertheless, it seems that wide band broadcasting
`channels could compare very favorably with specialized point-to-point
`data transmission networks in the future.
`
`Availability of VHF or UHF channels for this use is more difficult, due
`to saturation of this spectrum by present TV programs, and to the use of
`spare lines for mass audience teletext programs. Nevertheless, night or
`non-program hours could in most countries be used at very low cost per
`bit since a 4 Mbits/sec data flow is available. The ratio with normal data
`packet transmission networks could be 20 to 1, and the number of possible
`simultaneous users considerably increased.
`
`6.2 TELETEXT DELIVERY MODES
`
`Full use of such channels leads to completely different services from cyclic
`teletext. In a delivery mode, for instance, the client does not receive a
`permanent teletext page cycle. Instead, the multiple page memory decoder
`is able to record a set of pages, for instance 100 or more, which correspond
`
`APPLE EX. 1025
`Page 20
`
`

`
`36
`
`to those the user is interested in. Three different modes may be chosen
`according to the refreshing time relevant to the application or to the client's
`needs.
`
`6.2.1 Passive Mode: Multiple page memory ANTIOPE-DIDON teletext
`decoders equipped with selective access controls can record specific teletext
`messages corresponding to the client's subscription. The access key, namely
`a magnetic card, serves as an identification for the desired information
`and for payment of the subscription fee. Transmission may be any time,
`preferably at night, but the ANTIOPE terminal is always passive, except
`when the client displays a page of the memorized data: in this case, access
`to a~y page is almost instantaneous.
`
`6.2.2 Request Mode: The decoder will be connected via the normal switching
`network to the source of data through a telephone modem. An alphanumeric
`or numeric keypad enables the user to ask for a definite category of informa(cid:173)
`tion or to specify the pages he would like to memorize. The terminal is
`then set to a waiting position :the data is automatically recorded when
`it arrives. The time required depends on how busy the network is, and can
`be indicated by the connection computer through the line : a "ready" signal
`goes on when the data is there.
`
`6.2.3 Control Mode: The same telephone-connected decoder is used for
`the fastest possible deli very from the source : in this case the cost is much
`higher than in the previous mode, but this mode enables the user to obtain
`a whole bulk of data almost instantaneously and to go through it at zero
`access time.
`
`In both the last two modes, payment is automatic through line connection
`to the source computer. The user's equipment for such teletext delivery
`modes is a standard ANTIOPE mixed Teletel-Teletext decoder fed through
`a so-called "Diode" device which regulates the access and manages the
`transactions.
`
`A more highly computerized option will be available with mass memory
`and a second microprocessor for personalized processing of the recorded
`data.
`
`7.
`
`INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SCHEDULE
`
`Apart from the U.S., many other countries are within the marketing target
`of Sofratev and of French technology. Up to now, no one has responded
`as immediately and aggressively as' the U.S., but we are confident that
`others will as soon as the industrial production of low cost equipment promotes
`a better understanding of the system's exceptional flexibility. The first
`prototypes of completely integrated ANTIOPE decoders will be tested
`by mid-1980. The first small series of decoders for connection to TV monitors
`or to the peritelevision socket of the newFrench TV sets are expected late
`this year. At the same time, the first series of integrated ANTIOPE business
`terminals will be operational for field tests, with the Diode option.
`
`APPLE EX. 1025
`Page 21
`
`

`
`37
`
`Three integrated circuit manufacturers will provide VLSI circuits next
`year. The average target sales price for the basic ANTIOPE-DIDON decoder
`is approximately 400 francs within 3 years, for a production run of 500,000.
`The French teletext public service, associated with the large-scale telephone
`directory experiment and the Velizy Teletel tests should bring the audience
`to that size in less than 3 years.
`
`8. CONCLUSION
`
`ANTIOPE teletext has now been on the air for almost 3 years in France,
`and one year on the CBS network. A public service is operational on the
`four French television networks. ANTIOPE Teletel-Teletext compatible
`decoders are now available, and the best cost-effective data communication
`process can be tested for future organization of the videotex and teletext
`networks. A new concept of teletext message deli very for business or
`specific audience applications is now being worked out for tests in the
`United States in the near future. A completely compatible evolution of
`the DIDON concept is now leading to further improvements of the ANTIOPE
`broadcast display performances in relation to high quality graphics and
`display animation, both highly desirable features for educational purposes,
`for instance.
`
`VLSI circuits will be available in France next summer, and will be manu(cid:173)
`factured for business terminal and decoder board mass market production
`at the beginning of 1981.
`
`APPLE EX. 1025
`Page 22
`
`

`
`38
`
`DATA BANKS
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`FOR INTERACTIVE MESSAGE DELIVERY
`
`APPLE EX. 1025
`Page 23