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`THE TELIDON BOOK
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`Edited by
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`‘ David Godfrey and Ernest Chang
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`Press Porcépic Ltd.
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`Toronto Victoria
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`Copyright © Press Porcépic 1981
`All rights reserved.
`
`No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any
`means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any
`information storage, retrieval and transmission systems now known or to be
`invented, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer
`who may quote brief passages in a review.
`'
`
`This edition is published in Canada by Press Porcépic Ltd., 217—620 View St.
`Victoria, BC. V8V 1J6.
`
`Printed in Canada.
`
`Cover design by Roberto Dosil.
`
`A soflwfirds BOOK
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`123475678910868584838281
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`Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data
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`Main entry under title:
`
`‘
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`The Telidon book
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`Bibliography: p.
`ISBN 0—88878—194—6
`
`l. Telidon (Data transmission system)
`2. Television display systems. 3. Information
`display systems. I. Godfrey, Dave, 1938,—
`TK7882. 16T44
`621 .38’0414
`C81—091290—2
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`10
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`IMPLEMENTING THE TERMINAL
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`David Godfrey, Ernest Chang
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`l ‘ INTRODUCTION
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`Since TELIDON is essentially a presentation level protocol, the presenta-
`tion device is a crucial factor in the economic success or failure ofTELIDON.
`
`It is unlikely that very many firms or individuals will wish to become
`involved in this aspect of TELIDON. Many will make images and pages, a fair
`number will work on software to drive the terminals in “non-standard”
`
`ways, some will provide alternative database software and help establish
`networks, but few will actually construct or manufacture terminals.
`Nonetheless, a general understanding of the terminal is useful for all
`TELIDON practitioners, especially for artists. In addition, there are a number
`of cmcial factors which could help make or break TELIDON as an intema—
`tional standard and hardware unit.
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`2 THE BASIC PRINCIPLES
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`In terms of function, we can look at the hardware implementation as
`consisting of five units.
`-
`O
`The terminal must receive the string of ASCII code which consti-
`tutes the PD].
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`0
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`0
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`For convenience, it stores this ASCII code in local memory while
`processing is going on.
`Local processing consists of translating this ASCII code into a form
`suitable for display via a TV screen. This is done using a standard
`microprocessor which draws on a ROM-stored program to per-
`form the translation.
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`The Telidon Book
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`0
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`0
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`Since the Tv screen display must be refreshed 30 times per sec-
`ond, the display patterns are stored in 32K of local memory
`while the current image is active.
`These display patterns are transmitted to the Tv screen in a suit-
`able manner for proper interpretation by the specific Tv unit.
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`The next five sections contain further details on these five units,
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`beginning with the end-product, the displayed image, and move “back-
`wards” through the process that creates that image from a stream of
`transmitted ASCII code.
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`2.1 TV Driver
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`The Tv image is produced by the emissions given off from phosphor
`coatings on the screen when struck by electrons given off from the cathode
`ray tube (CRT). Signals fed into the CRT control the red, green and blue (RGB)
`tones which are produced by the screen. It is the combination of these hues,
`in various intensities, which produce all the spectrum of colors seen on a Tv
`tube. Thus, it is the job of the Tv driver to generate the signals which will
`cause the proper emission of electrons to the screen at the right time for a
`given composite picture to appear. In standard Tv systems, the picture is
`formed by the beam scanning across the screen from top to bottom in 525
`lines (in North America) at the rate of at least 30 times a second. Standard
`hardware devices are available to perform this function.
`
`2.2 Bit Plane Memory
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`In a computer generated image, each point which is shown on the Tv
`screen must be represented by information stored in the computer’s mem-
`ory. This is usually memory which is dedicated to the task of providing
`information to the Tv driver, and is called a “bit plane”. The memory is
`connected to the video generating circuit in a way which allows the ele-
`ments which hold the information for each displayable point to be exa-
`mined simultaneously, and produce a “scan line” of video signals to the Tv
`beam control system. Furthermore, the memory is connected to the com-
`puter and peripheral devices in a manner which facilitates the transfer of
`new information into the bit plane. As soon as an element in the bit plane is
`changed by the computer, the corresponding change appears on the TV
`screen.
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`2.3 Decoder CPU, ROM and Software
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`The TELIDON graphics system is based on a host computer sending
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