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`7/26/83
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`493959754
`
`United States Patent
`4,395,734
`[11]
`Rypkema
`
` [45] Jul. 26, 1983
`
`115
`
`[54]
`
`[75]
`
`[73]
`
`[21]
`[22]
`
`[51]
`[52]
`
`[58]
`
`[56]
`
`REMOTE MUTING FOR CATV/STV
`CONVERTERS
`
`Inventor:
`Assignee:
`
`Jouke N. Rypkema, Lombard,III.
`Zenith Radio Corporation, Glenview,
`Ill.
`
`Appl. No.: 257,074
`
`Apr. 24, 1981
`Filed:
`Int, C12: cscssctsccassiaciindiins HO4N 7/16; HO4N 7/12
`WEISEL, asnasccneppinsasaincizcessneeseis 358/194.1; 358/198;
`358/86
`Field of Search .......0.0.000.4.. 455/1, 3, 4, 208, 212;
`358/118, 121, 194.1, 198, 196, 160, 188, 904, 86
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`8/1965 Brownstein... 358/118
`3,202,758
`3,760,097 9/1973 Burroughs ......cccsesssssssesaseseneeee 4535/1
`3,896,262
`7/1975 Hudspeth ......ccescssccsssesecssseeeone 4535/1
`
`
`
`Primary Examiner—Michael A, Wasinick
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Jack Kail
`[57]
`ABSTRACT
`A television signal processing apparatusis responsive to
`a receivedtelevision signal for translating the frequency
`spectrum thereof to a frequency band characterized by
`a fixed frequency carrier signal frequency modulated in
`accordance with a baseband audio signal. The fre-
`quency modulated carrier signal is combined with an
`unmodulated CW muting signal having a frequency
`approximately equal to the frequency of the carrier
`signal to facilitate remotely controlled muting of the
`baseband audio signal in accordance with the FM cap-
`ture effect.
`
`7 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures
`
`
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 1
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 1
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 26, 1983
`
`Sheet 1 of 5
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`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 2
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 2
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 26, 1983
`
`Sheet 2 of 5
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`4,395,734
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`CONTROL
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`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 3
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 26, 1983
`
`Sheet 3 of 5
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`4,395,734
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`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 4
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 4
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
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`sul. 26, 1983
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`Page 5
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`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 5
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 26, 1983
`
`Sheet 5 of 5
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`4,395,734
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`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 6
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 6
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`4,395,734
`
`1
`
`REMOTE MUTING FOR CATV/STV
`CONVERTERS
`
`BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION
`
`2
`with the accompanying drawings, in which like refer-
`ence numerals identify like elements in the several fig-
`ures and in which:
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram generally illustrating the
`apparatus of the present invention;
`FIG. 1Ais a block diagram illustrating an alternate
`embodimentof the apparatus of the invention;
`FIG.2 is a block diagram illustrating another alter-
`nate embodiment of the apparatus of the invention;
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a further em-
`bodiment of the apparatus of the invention; and
`FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating yet another
`embodiment of the apparatus of the invention.
`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`
`The present invention relates generally to radio fre-
`quency receivers including television receivers and
`ancillary signal translating devices such ascabletelevi-
`sion converters and, in particular, to a remotely control-
`lable television signal tanslating device having a sound
`muting capability.
`Television signal translating devices such as cable
`television converters and the like are operative for con-
`verting a received television signal from one RF fre-
`quency to another RF frequency compatible with the
`signal processing characteristics of a conventionaltele-
`vision receiver. For example, a cable television con-
`Referring to the drawings, FIG.1 illustrates a con-
`verter is typically operated in response to a remotely
`ventional cable television converter operable for trans-
`generated tuning control signal for selectively convert-
`lating a television signal received overa cable television
`ing one ofa plurality of cable television channels to a
`channel to a channel, typically channel 3 or 4, usable by
`channel3 or 4 television signal whichis then supplied to
`a conventionaltelevision receiver. In this regard, it is to
`the antenna inputs of a television receiver. The signal
`be understood that while the principles of the present
`translation process is normally accomplished byinitially
`invention will be explained in connection with the con-
`converting the received cable television signal to an IF
`verting device shown in FIG. 1, such is intended as
`frequency and then suitably re-converting the IF signal
`exemplary only and should therefore not be taken to
`to the channel 3 or 4 RFcarrier frequency.
`impose any unnecessary limitations on the invention.
`While remote tuning of cable television convertersis
`Thus,
`in general terms, the principles of the present
`generally well known in the art, various other desirable
`invention are equally applicable to any radio frequency
`remote controlfeatures, e.g. sound muting, have hereto-
`signal processing apparatus wherein an angle modu-
`fore not been available. With particular reference to
`lated carrier, the angle modulation being either of the
`remotely controllable sound muting, this feature is typi-
`frequency or phase type, is developed including con-
`cally provided in a conventional television receiver by
`ventional television receivers, cable television convert-
`suitably controlling a switch or the like for grounding
`ers, subscription television decoders and thelike.
`or otherwise rendering the audio basebandsignal devel-
`With specific reference now to FIG. 1, the illustrated
`oped at the output of an FM demodulator unavailable to
`cable television converter comprises an antenna 12 sup-
`the speakersof the television receiver. It will be appre-
`plying received cable television signals to a conven-
`ciated that this technique is not applicable to a signal
`tional super-herodynetelevision-type tuning system 14.
`translating device such as a cable television converter
`Tuning system 14 comprises a single tuned RF input
`since the audio signalis not developed in such devices in
`filter 16 whose output is connected through an RF
`a baseband form. Although a remotely operated trap,
`amplifier 18 to the input of a double-tuned RFfilter 20.
`either at the IF or RF audio frequency, can be used to
`The output of double tuned filter 20 is applied to a mixer
`remove the sound carrier in the converter,
`this ap-
`22 which mixes the received RFtelevision signal with
`proach suffers from the disadvantage that only random
`the output of a local oscillator 24 for developing an
`noise is coupled to the audio processing circuits of the
`output intermediate frequency (IF) signal. Single tuned
`television receiver from the cable converter whereby a
`filter 16, double tuned filter 20 and local oscillator 24
`clearly audible noisy signal is produced.
`are controlled by a channel selection device 25 such
`It is therefore a basic object of the present invention
`that each of a plurality of cable television channels may
`to provide an improved remotely controllable sound
`be converted to intermediate frequency signals having
`muting system for use in association with a radio fre-
`the samefixed frequencies. In particular, each received
`quency receiver such as a television signal processing
`RFtelevision signal is converted to a 45.75 MHz ampli-
`apparatus.
`tude modulated picture IF carrier signal and a 41.25
`It is a further object of the invention to provide a
`MHzfrequency modulated sound IF carrier signal. The
`remotely controllable sound muting capability for a
`IF signals are coupled throughafirst IF carrier signal.
`television signal translating device whichis effective in
`55
`TheIF signals are coupled througha first IF filter 26,
`the IF and RF frequency spectrums.
`an IF amplifer 28 and a second IF filter 30 to one input
`It is yet another object of the invention to provide a
`of a second mixer 32. Mixer 32 beats the IF output from
`remotely controllable sound muting capability for a
`filter 30 with a signal developed by a secondlocal oscil-
`television signal translating device wherein a frequency
`lator 34 for re-converting the IF signals to RF signals
`translated television signal is produced for application
`corresponding to either channel 3 or channel 4, which
`to a television receiver in a form inhibiting the produc-
`RFsignals are then bandpass filtered bya filter 36 and
`tion of any sound, including noise, by the receiver.
`developed as a channel 3 or 4 RFtelevision signal on an
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`output 38. The output RFsignals are subsequently cou-
`pled to the antenna terminals of a conventional televi-
`sion receiver which will reproduce the video and audio
`signals when tuned to channel 3 or4.
`In connection with the foregoing description,it will
`be observed that the frequency modulated soundcarrier
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 7
`
`10
`
`— 3
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`60
`
`65
`
`The features of this invention which are believed to
`be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended
`claims. The invention, together with its objects and the
`advantages thereof, may best be understood byrefer-
`ence to the following description taken in conjunction
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 7
`
`

`

`4,395,734
`
`5
`
`20
`
`25
`
`4
`3
`is selectively operable for transitting a sound muting
`is never converted to a basebandsignal in the converter,
`control signal. The transmitted sound muting control
`the soundcarrier being initially received as an RFsig-
`signal is received by a remote controlreceiver 47 built
`nal, converted to a 41.25 MHz IF carrier and then re-
`into the converter, remote contro] receiver 47 being
`converted to either a 65.75 MHz (channel 3) or a 71.75
`responsiveto the received sound muting controlsignal
`MHz(channel 4) RF carrier. As a consequence, con-
`for operating muting oscillator 40 for generating and
`ventional sound muting techniques which typically
`coupling the unmodulated CW muting signal to circuit
`operate in terms of baseband audio signals are not appli-
`node 44.
`cable to the converter shownin FIG. 1. Furthermore,
`It will be appreciated that the muting signal can be
`while a sound trap operating either at the sound IF
`injected in the converter circuit at points other than at
`carrier frequency or the channel 3 or 4 sound RFcar-
`node 44. Thus, as indicated by dotted lines 46 of FIGS.
`rier frequency may be provided in an attemptto selec-
`1 and 1A and dotted line switch 48 of FIG. 1, the un-
`tively mute the soundsignal, such a system has an inher-
`modulated CW signal could be coupled to the RF out-
`ent deficiency resulting in a quite undesirable effect. In
`put of the converter circuit. In this case, the unmodu-
`particular, the FM detection circuits of conventional
`lated muting signal would have a frequency equal to
`television receivers are known to produce an extremely
`either the channel 3 RF sound carrier (65.75 MHz) or
`noisy output signal when the receiveris supplied with
`the channel 4 RF sound carrier (71.75 MHz). Other
`an input signal having no sound carrier components.
`than forthis difference, the system operation is exactly
`Therefore, if the sound carrier is trapped in the con-
`as previously described.
`verter, only random noisewill be supplied to the televi-
`FIG. 2 illustrates a method for generating the unmod-
`sion receiver sound demodulation circuits which will
`ulated muting signal using phase lock loop techniques.
`consequently produce a noisy output soundsignal.
`In particular, a phase lock loop 50 is provided for cou-
`The foregoing problems are ovecome in accordance
`pling an unmodulated 45.75 MHz CW signal to one
`with the present invention by applying the well known
`input of a mixer 52, the other input of mixer 52 being
`FM capture effect to achieve a remotely controllable
`provided with a 4.5 MHzsignal from an oscillator 54.
`sound muting capability in the convertercircuit of FIG.
`As a result, mixer 52 develops and couples an unmodu-
`1. According to the FM capture effect, when two input
`lated 41.25 MHz muting signal through muting switch
`signals are applied to an FM demodulatorincluding a
`42 andafilter 43 for application to circuit node 44,
`limiter, the input wave having the largest magnitude
`Phase lock loop 50 comprises a filter 56 adapted for
`within the bandwidth of the demodulator controls the
`coupling the relatively weak amplitude modulated pic-
`output. This principle or phenomenon is utilized in
`ture IF carrier (45.75 MHz)to the input of an amplitude
`accordance with the present invention by injecting an
`limiter 58. Limiter 58, in turn, couples the 45.75 MHz
`unmodulated continuous wave (CW)signal ata suitable
`picture IF carrier to one input of a phase detector 60,
`circuit node in the converter,
`the unmodulated CW
`the other input of phase detector 60 being derived from
`signal being adapted for overriding or dominating the
`the output of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO)62.
`FM sound carrier when applied to the FM demodulator
`Theerror signal output of phase detector 60 is coupled
`of a television receiver with the result that the sound is
`through a low-passfilter 64 to the control input of VCO
`completely muted. For example, referring to FIG. 1, a
`62. Phase detector 60 is therefore operable for control-
`muting oscillator 40 is coupled through a mute switch
`ling VCO 62 through filter 64 for developing a rela-
`42 to a circuit node 44 formed at the outputofIF filter
`tively strong unmodulated 45.75 MHzsignal which,as
`30. When switch 42 is closed, muting oscillator 40 is
`previously explained, is beat with the 4.5 MHzsignal
`adapted for coupling an unmodulated CW signal having
`developed by oscillator 54 to form the muting signal at
`a frequency of 41.25 MHz (the sound IF carrier fre-
`the output of mixer 52.
`quency)to circuit node 44 wherebyafter conversion by
`FIG.3 illustrates an adaptation of the circuit of FIG.
`mixer 32, both the unmodulated CW signal and the FM
`2 where the muting signalis injected into the RF output
`soundcarrier are coupled to the FM demodulatorofthe
`of the converter rather than into the IF signal path.
`television receiver. By designing the system such that
`Thus, the output amplitude modulated RF picture car-
`the unmodulated CW signal is approximately 2-10 dB
`rier, e.g. the channel 3 picture carrier at 61.25 MHz,
`stronger than the FM soundcarrier, the FM demodula-
`developed on conductor 38 is coupled to a phase lock
`tor in the receiver will be controlled by the CW signal
`loop 70 througha filter 72. Phase lock loop 70is identi-
`only and,since this signal carries no frequency modula-
`cal to phase lock loop 50 and includesa limiter 74, a
`tion, a muted sound signal will result. In television re-
`phase detector 76, a low pass filter 78 and a VCO 80.
`ceivers using intercarrier sound processing techniques,
`The output of VCO 80, which comprises a relatively
`the muting signal produced by oscillator 40 is prefera-
`strong unmodulated 61.25 MHzsignal, is coupled to one
`bly maintained to a tolerance of about +20 KHz. Also,
`input of a mixer 82, the other input to mixer 82 being
`the foregoing circuit may be conveniently realized in a
`derived from a 4.5 MHzoscillator 84. As a result, mixer
`remote control system in a variety of ways. For exam-
`82 produces an unmodulated CW output mutingsignal
`ple, and for purposesofillustration only, muting oscilla-
`at the frequency of the channel 3 RF sound carrier
`tor 40 and switch 42 may be provided in a hand-held
`(65.75 MHz), the muting signal being selectively in-
`remote control unit which is connected to node 44 by a
`jected into the RF output signal through switch 48 and
`suitable length of conductor or by a wireless link in a
`a filter 49. Of course, by appropriately changing the
`mannersimilar to the technique normally used to re-
`bandpass characteristics offilter 72, a similar result can
`motely interface channel selection device 25 with the
`be achieved where a channel4 or, for that matter, any
`converter. Alternatively, the muting oscillator could be
`other channelsignal, is developed on output conductor
`directly associated with the converter and enabled in
`38.
`response to a remotely generated controlsignal. This
`FIG.4 illustrates a modification ofthe circuit of FIG.
`latter approachis illustrated in FIG. 1A wherein a re-
`2 where phase lock loop techniques are also used to
`mote control transmitter 45, which may comprise, for
`generatethe local oscillator signal coupled to mixer 22.
`example, an infrared or ultrasonic transmission device,
`
`65
`
`45
`
`60
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 8
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 8
`
`

`

`4,395,734
`
`0
`
`20
`
`6
`5
`ing the frequency spectrum of a received television
`In this circuit, the same 4.5 MHzoscillator 54 supplying
`signal from one frequency band to a second frequency
`mixer 52 to generate the muting signal is used for sup-
`band, said tuning phase look loop being responsive to a
`plying a reference signal for the tuning phase lock loop.
`Morespecifically, the output of the 4.5 MHzoscillator
`reference signal comprising said unmodulated 4.5 MHz
`54, after being applied through a frequency divider 91
`signal.
`3. A television signal frequency translating apparatus
`which may be programmable, is coupled as a reference
`signal to one input of a phase detector 92 of a tuning
`comprising:
`phase lock loop 90. The error signal output of phase
`meansforreceiving a television signal broadcastover.
`a first RF frequency band and including a video
`detector 92 is coupled througha lowpassfilter 94 to the
`component comprising a modulated RF video car-
`control input of a voltage controlled local oscillator
`rier and an audio component comprising an RF
`(VCLO) 96 whose output is supplied to mixer 22 and
`sound carrier frequency modulated in accordance
`also fed-back through a prescaler 98 and a programma-
`with a baseband audio signal;
`ble divider 100 to the second input of phase detector92.
`means for translating the frequency spectrum ofsaid
`The division factor characterizing programmable di-
`vider 100 is controlled by the channel selection device
`received television signal from said first frequency
`such that the output of VCLO 96 is forced to a fre-
`band to a second RF frequency band;
`quency appropriate for converting the received RF
`means operable for generating a CW signal having a
`frequency substantially equal to the unmodulated
`television signal to the proper IF frequencies. Also, it
`will be appreciated that
`the principles illustrated in
`frequency of said RF soundcarrier in said second
`RF frequency band and having an amplitude sub-
`FIG. 4 are equally applicable to the circuit of FIG. 3
`stantially greater then the amplitude of said RF
`where the muting signal is derived by phase lock loop
`70 which is responsive to the RF output RF picture
`sound carrier in said second frequency band; and
`carrier of the converter.
`means disposed remotely from said television signal
`While particular embodiments of the invention have
`frequency translating apparatus for selectively op-
`erating said generating means for injecting said
`been shown and described,
`it will be apparent
`that
`changes and modifications may be madetherein with-
`CWsignal in said second RF frequency band for
`facilitating muting of said baseband audio signal
`out departing from the invention in its broader aspects.
`without degrading the video component ofsaid
`For example, it may be desirable in certain situations to
`received television signal.
`employ the principles of the invention for muting a 4.5
`MHzfrequency modulated intercarrier audio signal by
`4. A television signal frequency translating apparatus
`combiningit with a suitable unmodulated 4.5 MHz CW
`according to claim 3 wherein said second RF frequency
`band comprises an intermediate frequency band charac-
`muting signal. Also, it will be appreciated that the prin-
`terized by a sound carrier having a frequency of about
`ciples of the invention may be used in connection with
`various other types of radio frequency receivers and
`41.25 MHz and wherein said generating means com-
`prises means for generating a CW signal havingafre-
`with phase modulated carriers as well as frequency
`quency substantially equal to 41.25 MHz andasignal
`modulated carriers. The aim of the appended claims,
`therefore,is to coverall such changes and modifications
`strength at least about 2-10 db greater than said inter-
`mediate frequency sound carrier.
`as fall within the true spirit and scopeofthe invention.
`Whatis claimed is:
`5. A television signal frequencytranslating apparatus
`according to claim 3 wherein said second RF frequency
`1. In a television signal frequency translating device
`band comprises a selected television channel character-
`having a circuit node developing a first non-baseband
`ized by a sound carrier having a predetermined RF
`signal comprising a soundcarriersignal frequency mod-
`frequency and wherein said generating means com-
`ulated in accordance with a baseband audiosignal and a
`prises means generating a CW signal having a substan-
`second non-basebandsignal comprising a picture carrier
`tially fixed frequency equal to said predetermined fre-
`signal amplitude modulated in accordance with a base-
`quency and a signal strength at least about 2-10 db
`band videosignal, said sound and picture carrier signals
`greater than said sound carrier.
`being offset from each other by 4.5 MHz, the improve-
`6. A television signal frequency translating apparatus
`ment comprising:
`comprising
`phase lock loop means responsive to said picture
`meansfor receiving a broadcast television signal in-
`carrier signal for generating an unmodulated CW
`cluding an FM soundcarrier;
`signal having a frequency substantially equal to the
`means translating the frequency spectrum of said
`frequencyofsaid picture carrier signal and an am-
`received television signal from one frequency band
`plitude substantially greater than said sound carrier
`to a second frequency band;
`signal;
`means generating an unmodulated 4.5 MHz signal;
`means for generating an unmodulated 4.5 MHzsig-
`nal;
`means mixing said CW signal with said 4.5 MHz
`phase lock loop meansresponsive to the picture car-
`signal for developing a muting signal having a
`rier of said received television signal in said second
`frequency substantially equal to the frequency of
`frequency band for generating an unmodulated
`said soundcarrier signal; and
`control signal having a frequency substantially
`means operative for coupling said muting signal to
`equal to the frequency of said picture carrier;
`said circuit node wherebysaid first non-baseband
`means for mixing said contro] signal with said 4.5
`signal is dominated by said muting signal in accor-
`MHzsignal for developing a CW signal having a
`dance with the FM capture effect to facilitate mut-
`frequency substantially equal to the frequency of
`ing of said baseband audiosignal.
`said sound carrier in said second frequency band
`2. The improvement according to claim 1 wherein
`and an amplitude substantially greater than the
`said television signal frequency translating device in-
`amplitude of said sound carrier in said second fre-
`cludes a tuning phase lock loopcontrolling a local oscil-
`lator for generating a local oscillator signal for translat-
`quency band; and
`
`30
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`60
`
`65
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 9
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 9
`
`

`

`4,395,734
`
`7
`means disposed remotely from said television signal
`frequency translating apparatus for selectively in-
`jecting said CW signal in said second frequency
`band for facilitating muting of said sound carrier.
`7. A television signal frequency translating apparatus
`comprising:
`;
`means for receiving a broadcasttelevision signal in-
`cluding an FM sound carrier;
`|
`means for generating an unmodulated 4.5 MHzsig-
`nal;
`a tuning phaselock loop responsiveto said 4.5 MHz
`signal for translating the frequency spectrum of
`said receivedtelevision signal from one frequency
`band to a second frequency band;
`phase lock loop meansresponsive to the picture car-
`rier of said received television in said second fre-
`
`quency band for generating an unmodulated con-
`trol signal having a frequency substantially equal to
`the frequency ofsaid picture carrier;
`means for mixing said control signal with said 4.5
`MHz signal for developing a CW signal having a
`frequency substantially equal to the frequency of
`said sound carrier in said second frequency band
`and an amplitude substantially greater than the
`amplitude of said sound carrier in said second fre-
`quency band; and
`‘
`meansdisposedremotely from said television signal
`frequency translating apparatus for selectively in-
`jecting said CW signal in said second frequency
`bandfor facilitating muting of said sound carrier.
`*
`*+
`*
`*£
`*€
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`65
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 10
`
`PMC Exhibit 2030
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-01520
`Page 10
`
`