3GPP2 C.S0001-D
`Version 1.0
`Date: February 2004
`
`
`
`Introduction to cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems
`
`Revision D
`
`
`COPYRIGHT
`3GPP2 and its Organizational Partners claim copyright in this document and individual
`Organizational Partners may copyright and issue documents or standards publications in
`individual Organizational Partner’s name based on this document. Requests for reproduction
`of
`this
`document
`should
`be
`directed
`to
`the
`3GPP2
`Secretariat
`at
`mailto:secretariat@3gpp2.org. Requests to reproduce individual Organizational Partner’s
`documents should be directed to that Organizational Partner. See http://www.3gpp2.org/ for
`more information.
`
`
`Page 1
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`CCE_EXHIBIT 2004
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`3GPP2 C.S0001-D v1.0
`
`CONTENTS
`
`1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................. 1-1
`1.1 The cdma2000 Family of Standards.................................................................... 1-1
`1.1.1 Purpose........................................................................................................ 1-1
`1.1.2 Architecture ................................................................................................. 1-2
`1.2 Relationship to TIA/EIA-95-B ............................................................................. 1-5
`1.3 cdma2000 References ........................................................................................ 1-5
`1.4
`Informative References ....................................................................................... 1-7
`1.5 Support of Multiple Band Classes....................................................................... 1-8
`2 COMMON ASPECTS ................................................................................................ 2-1
`2.1 Verbal Forms ..................................................................................................... 2-1
`2.2 Channel Naming Conventions ............................................................................ 2-1
`2.2.1 Logical Channel Naming Convention ............................................................. 2-1
`2.2.2 Physical Channel Naming Convention ........................................................... 2-1
`2.3 Definitions of Terms ........................................................................................... 2-3
`2.4 Constants .......................................................................................................... 2-3
`
`
`
`FIGURES
`
`Figure 1 cdma2000 Architecture................................................................................... 1-2
`Figure 2 cdma2000 Architecture (Mobile Station) ............................................................. 1-4
`
`
`
`TABLES
`
`Table 1. Naming Conventions for Logical Channels ....................................................... 2-1
`Table 2. Physical Channel Names ................................................................................. 2-2
`Table 3. cdma2000 Constants ...................................................................................... 2-3
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`1 OVERVIEW
`
`1.1 The cdma2000 Family of Standards
`The cdma2000®1 family of standards includes core air interface, minimum performance,
`and service standards (see 1.3). The cdma2000 air interface standards specify a spread
`spectrum radio interface that uses Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technology to
`meet the requirements for Third Generation (3G) wireless communication systems. The
`core air interface standards in the family are [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. In addition, the family includes
`a standard [6] that specifies analog operation, to support dual-mode mobile stations and
`base stations.
`
`Throughout the remainder of this document, use of the term cdma2000 refers to the
`cdma2000 family.
`
`1.1.1 Purpose
`
`The technical requirements contained in cdma2000 form a compatibility standard for
`CDMA systems. They ensure that a mobile station can obtain service in a system
`manufactured in accordance with the cdma2000 standards. The requirements do not
`address the quality or reliability of that service, nor do they cover equipment performance
`or measurement procedures.
`
`Compatibility, as used in connection with cdma2000, is understood to mean: any
`cdma2000 mobile station is able to place and receive calls in cdma2000 or IS-95 systems.
`Conversely, any cdma2000 system is able to place and receive calls for cdma2000 and IS-95
`mobile stations. In a subscriber’s home system, all call placement is automatic. Similarly,
`it is preferable for call placement to be automatic when a mobile station is roaming.
`
`To ensure compatibility, both radio system parameters and call processing procedures are
`specified. The sequence of call processing steps that the mobile stations and base stations
`execute to establish calls is specified, along with the digital control messages and, for
`dual-mode systems, the analog signals that are exchanged between the two stations.
`
`The base station is subject to different compatibility requirements than the mobile station.
`Radiated power levels, both desired and undesired, are fully specified for mobile stations, in
`order to control the RF interference that one mobile station can cause another. Base
`stations are fixed in location and their interference is controlled by proper layout and
`operation of the system in which the station operates. Detailed call processing procedures
`are specified for mobile stations to ensure a uniform response to all base stations. Base
`station procedures, which do not affect the mobile stations’ operation, are left to the
`designers of the overall land system. This approach to writing the compatibility
`
`
`
`1 cdma2000® is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of
`the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication),
`cdma2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the
`United States.
`
`1-1
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`specification is intended to provide the land system designer with sufficient flexibility to
`respond to local service needs and to account for local topography and propagation
`conditions.
`
`cdma2000 includes provisions for future service additions and expansion of system
`capabilities. This release of the cdma2000 family of standards supports Spreading Rate 1
`and Spreading Rate 3 operation (see [2]).
`
`1.1.2 Architecture
`
`Figure 1 depicts the general architecture of cdma2000. Development of the cdma2000
`family of standards has, to the greatest extent possible, adhered to the architecture by
`specifying different layers in different standards.
`
`Upper Layer
`Signaling
`
`Data
`Services
`
`Voice
`Services
`
`LAC Sublayer
`
`MAC
`Sublayer
`
`SRBP
`
`RLP RLP
`
`RLP
`
`Multiplexing and
`QoS Delivery
`
`Signaling to F-PDCH and R-PDCH Control Function Interface
`
`Signaling to Physical Layer Interface
`
`F-PDCH
`Control Function
`
`R-PDCH
`Control Function
`
`OSI
`Layers
`3-7
`
`OSI
`Layer
`2
`
`OSI
`Layer
`1
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`11
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`12
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`Physical Layer
`
`Figure 1 cdma2000 Architecture
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`The physical layer is specified in [2], the MAC in [3], the LAC in [4], and upper layer
`signaling in [5].
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`Figure 2 shows the logical and physical channel relationships from the mobile station
`perspective, and Figure 3 shows the logical and physical channel relationships from the
`base station perspective.
`
`
`
` Signaling Control ov er Other Lay ers
`
` Data
`
` Voice Service(s)
`
`Upper
`Layers
`
`LAC
`Sublayer
`
`MAC
`Sublayer
`
` Data Service(s)*
`
` Data Burst
`
` Broadcast /
` Multicast
` Services
`
` Upper Layer
` Signaling
`
` L3 PDU
`
` Signaling LAC
`
`Voice
`
` f /r-dtch
`
` f -csch
`
` RLP SDU
`
`RLP
` RLP
`
` f -btch
`
`Mux and QoS
`Sublayer
`
`f /r-dsch
`
`f /r-dtch
`
` LAC PDU
`
` SRBP
`
`f /r-csch
`
`Common Channel Multiplex Sublayer
`
` Multiplex Sublayer
`
` BMAC Multiple
` Sublayer
`
`r-pdch
`
`f -pdch
`
`R-PDCH Control Function
`
`F-PDCH Control Function
`
` F-SY NC
`
` F-CACH
`
`F-
` CPCCH
`
` R-ACH
`
`F/R-
` DCCH
`
` F/R-
` SCH i
`
`F-
` RCCH
`
`F-
` ACKCH
`
` R-REQCH
`
`R-
` CQICH
`
`R-
` ACKCH
`
`F-
` PDCCH1
`
`F-
` SCHi
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`F-
` BCCH
`
` R-EACH
`
`F/R-
` CCCH
`
` F-PCH
`
` F/R-FCH
`
`F-
` GCHi
`
`R-
` PDCCH
`
`R-
` PDCH
`
`F-
` PDCCH0
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`F-
` PDCHi
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`Physical
`Layer
`
` Physical Layer ( Coding and Modulation )
`
`* Data services may include a broadcast/multicast service that
` operates as a connected data service instance.
`
`
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`Figure 2 cdma2000 Architecture (Mobile Station)
`
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`1.2 Relationship to TIA/EIA-95-B
`
`cdma2000 provides full backward compatibility with TIA/EIA-95-B. Backward
`compatibility permits cdma2000 infrastructure to support TIA/EIA-95-B mobile stations
`and permits cdma2000 mobile stations to operate in TIA/EIA-95-B systems.
`
`The cdma2000 family also supports reuse of existing TIA/EIA-95-B service standards, such
`as those that define speech services, data services, Short Message Services, and Over the
`Air Provisioning and Activation services, with the cdma2000 physical layer.
`
`cdma2000 supports handoff of voice and data calls and other services from a TIA/EIA-95-B
`system to a cdma2000 system:
`• At a handoff boundary and within a single frequency band,
`• At a handoff boundary and between frequency bands (assuming the mobile station has
`multi-band capability),
`• Within the same cell footprint and within a single frequency band, and
`• Within the same cell footprint and between frequency bands (assuming the mobile
`station has multi-band capability).
`
`cdma2000 supports handoff of voice and data calls and other services2 from a cdma2000
`system to a TIA/EIA-95-B system:
`• At a handoff boundary and within a single frequency band,
`• At a handoff boundary and between frequency bands (assuming the mobile station has
`multi-band capability),
`• Within the same cell footprint and within a single frequency band, and
`• Within the same cell footprint and between frequency bands (assuming the mobile
`station has multi-band capability).
`
`1.3 cdma2000 References
`
`The following list identifies the current versions of the standards in the cdma2000 family of
`standards.
`
`1. C.S0001-D, Introduction to cdma2000 Standards for Spread Spectrum Systems,
`February, 2004.
`
`2. C.S0002-D, Physical Layer Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems, February,
`2004.
`
`3. C.S0003-D, Medium Access Control (MAC) Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum
`Systems, February, 2004.
`
`4. C.S0004-D, Signaling Link Access Control (LAC) Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum
`Systems, February, 2004.
`
`
`2 Assuming that the cdma2000 service can be appropriately mapped to a TIA/EIA-95-B service.
`
`1-5
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`5. C.S0005-D, Upper Layer (Layer 3) Signaling Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum
`Systems, February, 2004.
`
`6. C.S0006-D, Analog Signaling Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems,
`February, 2004.
`
`7. C.S0009-0, Speech Service Option Standard for Wideband Spread Spectrum Systems,
`November 1999.
`
`8. C.S0010-A, Recommended Minimum Performance Standard for Base Stations Supporting
`Dual-Mode Spread Spectrum Cellular Mobile Stations, April 2001.
`
`9. C.S0011-A, Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for Dual-Mode Spread
`Spectrum Cellular Mobile Stations, April 2001.
`
`10. C.S0012-0, Recommended Minimum Performance Standard for Digital Cellular Wideband
`Spread Spectrum Speech Service Option 1, March, 2000.
`
`11. C.S0013-A, Mobile Station Loopback Service Options Standard, November 2002.
`
`12. C.S0015-A, Short Message Service for Spread Spectrum Systems, February 2002.
`
`13. C.S0014-0, Enhanced Variable Rate Codec, Speech Service Option 3 for Wideband Spread
`Spectrum Digital Systems, January 1997.
`
`14. C.S0014-0-1, Enhanced Variable Rate Codec, Speech Service Option 3 for Wideband
`Spread Spectrum Digital Systems – Addendum 1, August, 1998.
`
`15. C.S0014-0-2, Enhanced Variable Rate Codec, Speech Service Option 3 for Wideband
`Spread Spectrum Digital Systems – Addendum 2, April 2001.
`
`16. TIA/EIA/IS-657, Packet Data Service Option Standard for Wideband Spread Spectrum
`Systems, July, 1996.
`
`17. C.S0016-A, Over-the-Air Service Provisioning of Mobile Stations in Spread Spectrum
`Systems, December 2001.
`
`18. C.S0017-0, Data Service Options for Spread Spectrum Systems, April, 1999.
`
`19. C.S0017-0-1, Data Service Options for Spread Spectrum Systems – Addendum 1, January
`2000.
`
`20. C.S0017-0-2, Data Service Options for Spread Spectrum Systems – Addendum 2, August
`2000.
`
`21. C.S0018-0, Minimum Performance Standard for the Enhanced Variable Rate Codec,
`Speech Service Option 3 for Spread Spectrum Digital Systems, November 1999.
`
`22. C.S0020-0, High Rate Speech Service Option 17 for Wideband Spread Spectrum
`Communication Systems, February 1998.
`
`23. C.S0020-0-1, High Rate Speech Service Option 17 for Wideband Spread Spectrum
`Communication Systems – Addendum 1, April 2001.
`
`24. C.S0021-0, Recommended Minimum Performance Standard for the High Rate Speech
`Service Option 17 for Wideband Spread Spectrum Communication Systems, November
`1999.
`
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`25. C.S0022-0, Position Determination Service Standard for Dual-Mode Spread Spectrum
`Systems, March 2001.
`
`26. C.S0023-0, Removable User Identity Module (R-UIM) for TIA/EIA Spread Spectrum
`Systems, June 2001.
`
`27. C.R1001-C, Administration of Parameter Value Assignments for TIA/EIA Wideband
`Spread Spectrum Systems, January 2002.
`
`28. C.R1000-0, Capabilities Requirements Mapping for cdma2000 Standards, November
`1999.
`
`29. C.S0057-0, Band Class Specification for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems,
`February 2004.
`
`1.4
`
`Informative References
`
`The documents listed in this section are for information only.
`
`—American National Standards:
`
`1. ANS/TIA/EIA-95-B-99, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard for Wideband
`Spread Spectrum Cellular Systems, February, 1999.
`
`2. ANS/TIA-664.000-B-2003, Cellular Features Description, August, 2003.
`
`—Standards:
`
`3. ITU-T Recommendation P.76, Determination of Loudness Ratings; Fundamental
`Principles, 1988.
`
`4. ITU-T Recommendation P.78, Subjective Testing Method for Determination of Loudness
`Ratings in Accordance with Recommendation P.76: Telephone Transmission Quality
`Measurements Related to Speech Loudness: Study Group 12, March 1993.
`
`5. ITU-T Recommendation P.79, Calculation of Loudness Ratings for Telephone Sets :
`Telephone Transmission Quality Measurements Related to Speech Loudness: Study Group
`12, March 1993.
`
`6. EIA/IS-19-B, Recommended Minimum Standards for 800-MHz Cellular Subscriber Units,
`May 1988.
`
`7. EIA/IS-20-A, Recommended Minimum Standards for 800-MHz Cellular Land Stations,
`May 1988.
`
`8. TIA/EIA-660, Uniform Dialing Procedures and Call Processing Treatment for Cellular
`Radio Telecommunications, July 1996.
`
`9. ICD-GPS-200, NAVSTAR GPS Space Segment/Navigation User Interfaces, Interface
`Control Document (ICD), Revision B, Unclassified, U.S. Air Force Space Division, Los
`Angeles Air Force Station, CA, July 1991.
`
`10. IEEE Standard 269-1992, IEEE Standard Methods for Measuring Transmission
`Performance of Analog and Digital Telephone Sets, 1992.
`
`—Bulletins:
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`11. TSB46, Recommended Minimum Procedures for Validation of Authentication of IS-54-B
`Mobile Stations, March 1993.
`
`12. TSB51, Cellular Radio-Telecommunications Intersystem Operations: Authentication,
`Signaling Message Encryption and Voice Privacy, May 1993.
`
`13. TSB64, IS-41-B Support for Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Mobile Stations,
`January 1994.
`
`—Other:
`
`14. Total Access Communications System Mobile Station – Land Station Compatibility
`Specification, Issue 4, Amendment 1, Department of Trade and Industry, Radio
`communications Division, London, October 1991.
`
`15. RCR STD-36, Analog Cellular Telecommunication System Based On TACS Method,
`October 1993.
`
`—Books:
`
`16. Knuth, Donald N., The Art of Computer Programming, 3 volumes, Reading, MA, Addison-
`Wesley, 1998.
`
`17. Park, Stephen K., and Miller, Keith W., “Random Number Generators: Good Ones are
`Hard to Find,” Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10, October 1988.
`
`1.5 Support of Multiple Band Classes
`
`The cdma2000 family of standards supports operation in all the band classes defined in
`[29]. Signaling support is provided to enable transitions between band classes (e.g.,
`handoffs, service redirections) for mobile stations that are capable of operating in multiple
`band classes.
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`2 COMMON ASPECTS
`
`2.1 Verbal Forms
`
`The following verbal forms are used in all cdma2000 standards. “Shall” and “shall not”
`identify requirements to be followed strictly to conform to the standard and from which no
`deviation is permitted. “Should” and “should not” indicate that one of several possibilities is
`recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; that a
`certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or (in the negative form)
`that a certain possibility or course of action is discouraged but not prohibited. “May” and
`“need not” indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the standard. “Can”
`and “cannot” are used for statements of possibility and capability, whether material,
`physical, or causal.
`
`2.2 Channel Naming Conventions
`
`Many cdma2000 standards refer to logical channels, physical channels, or both. The
`following naming conventions apply to all cdma2000 standards.
`
`2.2.1 Logical Channel Naming Convention
`
`A logical channel name consists of three lower case letters followed by “ch” (channel). A
`hyphen is used after the first letter. Table 1 shows the naming conventions for the logical
`channels that are used in this family of standards.
`
`Table 1. Naming Conventions for Logical Channels
`
`First Letter
`
`Second Letter
`
`Third letter
`
`f = Forward
`
`d = Dedicated
`
`t = Traffic
`
`r = Reverse
`
`c = Common
`
`s = Signaling
`
`
`
`For example, the logical channel name for the Forward Dedicated Traffic Channel is f-dtch.
`
`2.2.2 Physical Channel Naming Convention
`
`Physical channels are represented by upper case abbreviations. As in the case of logical
`channels, the first letters in the names of the channels indicate the direction of the channel
`(i.e., forward or reverse) and is followed by a hyphen. Table 2 shows the names and
`meanings of all the physical channels designated in cdma2000.
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`Table 2. Physical Channel Names
`
`Channel
`Name 1
`
`Physical Channel
`
`F/R-FCH
`
`Forward/Reverse Fundamental Channel
`
`F/R-DCCH Forward/Reverse Dedicated Control Channel
`
`F/R-SCCH Forward/Reverse Supplemental Code Channel
`
`F/R-SCH
`
`Forward/Reverse Supplemental Channel
`
`F-PCH
`
`Paging Channel
`
`F-QPCH
`
`Quick Paging Channel
`
`R-ACH
`
`Access Channel
`
`F/R-CCCH Forward/Reverse Common Control Channel
`
`F/R-PICH
`
`Forward/Reverse Pilot Channel
`
`F-APICH
`
`Dedicated Auxiliary Pilot Channel
`
`F-TDPICH
`
`Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel
`
`F-ATDPICH Auxiliary Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel
`
`F-SYNCH
`
`Sync Channel
`
`F-CPCCH
`
`Common Power Control Channel
`
`F-CACH
`
`Common Assignment Channel
`
`R-EACH
`
`Enhanced Access Channel
`
`F-BCCH
`
`Broadcast Control Channel
`
`F-PDCH
`
`Forward Packet Date Channel
`
`F-PDCCH
`
`Forward Packet Data Control Channel
`
`R-ACKCH
`
`Reverse Acknowledgement Channel
`
`R-CQICH
`
`Reverse Channel Quality Indicator Channel
`
`F-ACKCH
`
`Forward Acknowledgement Channel
`
`F-GCH
`
`Forward Grant Channel
`
`F-RCCH
`
`Forward Rate Control Channel
`
`R-PDCH
`
`Reverse Packet Data Channel
`
`R-PDCCH Reverse Packet Data Control Channel
`
`R-REQCH Reverse Request Channel
`
`2-2
`
`Page 15
`
`

`

`3GPP2 C.S0001-D v1.0
`
`1 The notations “F/R” and “Forward/Reverse” represent two
`different physical channels (i.e., one forward channel and
`one reverse channel)
`
`
`
`For example, the physical channel name for the Forward Fundamental Channel is F-FCH.
`
`2.3 Definitions of Terms
`
`Each cdma2000 volume contains a definition of terms proper to that volume. An attempt
`has been made to use the same definitions for the same terms across the family of volumes.
`
`2.4 Constants
`
`Table 3 lists the constants defined in various cdma2000 volumes and identifies the
`standard in which the constant is defined.
`
`Table 3. cdma2000 Constants
`
`Constant
`
`Reference
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`6
`
`7
`
`8
`
`9
`
`N1m
`
`N2m
`
`N3m
`
`N4m
`
`N5m
`
`N6m
`
`N7m
`
`N8m
`
`N9m
`
`N10m
`
`N11m
`
`N12m
`
`N13m
`
`N14m
`
`N15m
`
`N16m
`
`N17m
`
`N18m
`
`T1b
`
`T2b
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[4]
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`2-3
`
`Page 16
`
`

`

`3GPP2 C.S0001-D v1.0
`
`T3b
`
`T4b
`
`T4b
`
`T1m
`
`T2m
`
`T3m
`
`T4m
`
`T5m
`
`T20m
`
`T21m
`
`T30m
`
`T31m
`
`T32m
`
`T33m
`
`T34m
`
`T35m
`
`T36m
`
`T37m
`
`T38m
`
`T39m
`
`T40m
`
`T41m
`
`T42m
`
`T50m
`
`T51m
`
`T52m
`
`T53m
`
`T54m
`
`T55m
`
`T56m
`
`T57m
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[4]
`
`[4]
`
`[4]
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`2-4
`
`Page 17
`
`

`

`3GPP2 C.S0001-D v1.0
`
`T58m
`
`T59m
`
`T60m
`
`T61m
`
`T62m
`
`T63m
`
`T64m
`
`T65m
`
`T66m
`
`T68m
`
`T69m
`
`T70m
`
`T71m
`
`T72m
`
`T73m
`
`T74m
`
`T75m
`
`T76m
`
`T77m
`
`T78m
`
`T79m
`
`T80m
`
`T81m
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[4]
`
`[4]
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`[5]
`
`2-5
`
`1
`
`
`
`Page 18
`
`