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`IEEE 100
`IEEE 100
`The Authoritative Dictionary of
`The Authoritative Dictionary of
`IEEE Standards Terms
`IEEE Standards Terms
`
`Seventh Edition
`Seventh Edition
`
`.IEEE
`.IEEE
`
`Published by
`Published by
`Standards Information Network
`Standards Information Network
`IEEE Press
`IEEE Press
`
` 2
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`

`

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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`IEEE 100 : the authoritative dictionary of IEEE standards terms.-7th ed.
`IEEE 100 : the authoritative dictionary of IEEE standards terms.-7th ed.
`p. cm.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-7381-2601-2 (paperback: aIk. paper)
`ISBN 0-7381-2601-2 (paperback: aIk. paper)
`1. Electric engineering-Dictionaries. 2. Electronics-Dictionaries. 3. Computer
`1. Electric engineering-Dictionaries. 2. Electronics-Dictionaries. 3. Computer
`engineering-Dictionaries. 4. Electric engineering-Acronyms. 5. Electronics-Acronyms.
`engineering-Dictionaries. 4. Electric engineering-Acronyms. 5. Electronics-Acronyms.
`6. Computer engineering-Acronyms. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
`6. Computer engineering-Acronyms. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
`
`TK9 .128 2000
`TK9 .128 2000
`621.3'03-dc21
`621.3'03-dc21
`
`00-050601
`00-050601
`
` 3
`
`

`

`detection efficiency
`detection efficiency
`
`296
`296
`
`developmental configuration
`developmental configuration
`
`ulated wave. See also: square-law detection; power detection;
`ulated wave. See also: square-law detection; power detection;
`linear detection.
`linear detection.
`(AP/ANT) 145-1983
`(AP/ANT) 145-1983
`detection efficiency The ratio between the number of selected
`detection efficiency The ratio between the number of selected
`pulses recorded per unit time to the number of photons emit(cid:173)
`pulses recorded per unit time to the number of photons emit(cid:173)
`ted by the source per unit time. See also: total efficiency.
`ted by the source per unit time. See also: total efficiency.
`(NI) N42.14-1991
`(NI) N42.14-1991
`
`detection, error See: error detection.
`detection, error See: error detection.
`detection limit (radioactivity monitoring instrumentation)
`detection limit (radioactivity monitoring instrumentation)
`The extreme of quantification for the radiation of interest by
`The extreme of quantification for the radiation of interest by
`the instrument as a whole or by an individual readout scale
`the instrument as a whole or by an individual readout scale
`or decade. The lower detection limit is the minimum quanti(cid:173)
`or decade. The lower detection limit is the minimum quanti(cid:173)
`fiable instrument response or reading. The upper detection
`fiable instrument response or reading. The upper detection
`limit is the maximum quantifiable instrument response or
`limit is the maximum quantifiable instrument response or
`reading. Quantifiable, in this case, means within the specified
`reading. Quantifiable, in this case, means within the specified
`(NT) N42.17B-1989r, N323-1978r
`accuracy.
`(NT) N42.17B-1989r, N323-1978r
`accuracy.
`detection probability The probability that a signal, when ac(cid:173)
`detection probability The probability that a signal, when ac(cid:173)
`tually present at the input to the receiver, will be correctly
`tually present at the input to the receiver, will be correctly
`declared a target signal based on observation of the receiver
`declared a target signal based on observation of the receiver
`output. See also: false-alarm probability.
`(AES) 686-1997
`output. See also: false-alarm probability.
`(AES) 686-1997
`detection zone Any area equipped to sense the presence of an
`detection zone Any area equipped to sense the presence of an
`intruder.
`(PE/NP) 692-1997
`intruder.
`(PE/NP) 692-1997
`detectivity (fiber optics) The reciprocal of noise equivalent
`detectivity (fiber optics) The reciprocal of noise equivalent
`power (NEP). See also: noise equivalent power.
`power (NEP). See also: noise equivalent power.
`(StdI00) 812-1984w
`(StdI00) 812-1984w
`detector (1) (monitoring radioactivity in effluents) Any de(cid:173)
`detector (1) (monitoring radioactivity in effluents) Any de(cid:173)
`vice for converting radiation flux to a signal suitable for ob(cid:173)
`vice for converting radiation flux to a signal suitable for ob(cid:173)
`servation and measurement.
`(NI) N42.18-198Or
`(NI) N42.18-198Or
`servation and measurement.
`(2) (electromagnetic energy) A device for the indication of
`(2) (electromagnetic energy) A device for the indication of
`the presence of electromagnetic fields. Note: In combination
`the presence of electromagnetic fields. Note: In combination
`with an instrument, a detector may be employed for the de(cid:173)
`with an instrument, a detector may be employed for the de(cid:173)
`termination of the complex field amplitudes. See also: aux(cid:173)
`termination of the complex field amplitudes. See also: aux(cid:173)
`(IM/HFIM) [40]
`iliary device to an instrument.
`iliary device to an instrument.
`(IM/HFIM) [40]
`(3) (overhead-power-line corona and radio noise) A device
`(3) (overhead-power-line corona and radio noise) A device
`that performs detection (extraction of signal or noise from a
`that performs detection (extraction of signal or noise from a
`modulated input) and weighting (extraction of a particular
`modulated input) and weighting (extraction of a particular
`characteristic of the signal or noise). Note: In a radio noise
`characteristic of the signal or noise). Note: In a radio noise
`receiver, the voltage applied to the detector depends upon the
`receiver, the voltage applied to the detector depends upon the
`nature of the noise and the bandwidth of the filters used in
`nature of the noise and the bandwidth of the filters used in
`the intermediate frequency stages. To furnish calibrations that
`the intermediate frequency stages. To furnish calibrations that
`are independent of the bandwidth and can be made with read(cid:173)
`are independent of the bandwidth and can be made with read(cid:173)
`ily available equipment, an unmodulated carrier is used. With
`ily available equipment, an unmodulated carrier is used. With
`such input, all detectors (peak:, quasi-peak:, average, or rms)
`such input, all detectors (peak:, quasi-peak:, average, or rms)
`will indicate the same value of radio noise.
`will indicate the same value of radio noise.
`(T&D/PE) 539-1990
`(T&D/PE) 539-1990
`(4) (radiation protection) A device or component which pro(cid:173)
`(4) (radiation protection) A device or component which pro(cid:173)
`duces an electronically measurable quantity in response to
`duces an electronically measurable quantity in response to
`(NI) N323-1978r
`ionizing radiation.
`(NI) N323-1978r
`ionizing radiation.
`(5) (airborne radioactivity monitoring) That po~on of an
`(5) (airborne radioactivity monitoring) That po~on of an
`instrument system sensitive to and used for the quantification
`instrument system sensitive to and used for the quantification
`of ionizing radiation.
`(NI) N42.17B-1989r
`(NI) N42.17B-1989r
`of ionizing radiation.
`detector, average See: average detector.
`detector, average See: average detector.
`detector bias The voltage applied to a detector to produce the
`detector bias The voltage applied to a detector to produce the
`electric field that sweeps out the signal charge.
`electric field that sweeps out the signal charge.
`(NPS) 325-1996
`(NPS) 325-1996
`detector capacitance The small-signal electrical capacitance
`detector capacitance The small-signal electrical capacitance
`measured between terminals of the detector under specified
`measured between terminals of the detector under specified
`(NPS) 325-1996
`conditions of bias and frequency.
`conditions of bias and frequency.
`(NPS) 325-1996
`detector, coa'{ial See: coaxial detector.
`detector, coa'{ial See: coaxial detector.
`detector, diffused-junction See: diffused-junction detector.
`detector, diffused-junction See: diffused-junction detector.
`detector element The semiconductor crystal including its con-
`detector element The semiconductor crystal including its con-
`tacts.
`(NPS) 325-'1996
`tacts.
`(NPS) 325-'1996
`detector element geometry The physical configuration of a de(cid:173)
`detector element geometry The physical configuration of a de(cid:173)
`tector element. See also: detector element.
`tector element. See also: detector element.
`
`(NPS) 325-1996
`(NPS) 325-1996
`detector figure of merit (nonlinear, active, and nonreciprocal
`detector figure of merit (nonlinear, active, and nonreciprocal
`waveguide components) A measure of the performance of a
`waveguide components) A measure of the performance of a
`diode detector. It can be expressed quantitatively as the ratio
`diode detector. It can be expressed quantitatively as the ratio
`of the open-circuit voltage sensitivity to the square root of the
`of the open-circuit voltage sensitivity to the square root of the
`(MIT) 457-1982w
`video resistance.
`video resistance.
`(MIT) 457-1982w
`detector geometry (x-ray energy spectrometers) (detector
`detector geometry (x-ray energy spectrometers) (detector
`jargon) (x-ray energy spectrometers) (semiconductor ra-
`jargon) (x-ray energy spectrometers) (semiconductor ra-
`
`diation detectors) The physical configuration of a solid-state
`diation detectors) The physical configuration of a solid-state
`detector.
`detector.
`(NPSINID) 325-1971w, 300-1988r, 301-1976s, 759-1984r
`(NPSINID) 325-1971w, 300-1988r, 301-1976s, 759-1984r
`detector, germanium gamma-ray See: germanium gamma-ray
`detector, germanium gamma-ray See: germanium gamma-ray
`detector.
`detector.
`detector, p-i-n See: p-i-n detector.
`detector, p-i-n See: p-i-n detector.
`detector, Schottky-barrier See: Schottky-barrier detector.
`detector, Schottky-barrier See: Schottky-barrier detector.
`detector, semiconductor radiation See: semiconductor radia-
`detector, semiconductor radiation See: semiconductor radia-
`tion detector.
`tion detector.
`detector, surface barrier See: surface barrier detector.
`detector, surface barrier See: surface barrier detector.
`detector, transmission See: transmission detector; differential
`detector, transmission See: transmission detector; differential
`dE/d;y; detector.
`dE/d;y; detector.
`detector, well-type coaxial See: well-type coaxial detector.
`detector, well-type coaxial See: well-type coaxial detector.
`determinant (1) A square array of numbers or elements bor(cid:173)
`determinant (1) A square array of numbers or elements bor(cid:173)
`dered on either side by a straight line. The value of the de(cid:173)
`dered on either side by a straight line. The value of the de(cid:173)
`terminant is a function of its elements.
`(CAS) [13]
`terminant is a function of its elements.
`(CAS) [13]
`(2) (data management) Within a relation, an attribute on
`(2) (data management) Within a relation, an attribute on
`which some other attribute is functionally dependent.
`which some other attribute is functionally dependent.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`deterministic Pertaining to a process, model, or variable Whose
`deterministic Pertaining to a process, model, or variable Whose
`outcome, result, or value does not depend on chance. Con(cid:173)
`outcome, result, or value does not depend on chance. Con(cid:173)
`trast: stochastic.
`(C) 610.3-1989w
`trast: stochastic.
`(C) 610.3-1989w
`deterministic error See: bias.
`deterministic error See: bias.
`deterministic model A model in which the results are deter(cid:173)
`deterministic model A model in which the results are deter(cid:173)
`mined through known relationships among the states and
`mined through known relationships among the states and
`events, and in which a given input will always produce the
`events, and in which a given input will always produce the
`same output; for example, a model depicting a known chem(cid:173)
`same output; for example, a model depicting a known chem(cid:173)
`ical reaction. Contrast: stochastic model.
`ical reaction. Contrast: stochastic model.
`
`(C) 610.3-1989w
`(C) 610.3-1989w
`deterministic routing A network routing strategy where the
`deterministic routing A network routing strategy where the
`choice of destination drives the decision at each node, re(cid:173)
`choice of destination drives the decision at each node, re(cid:173)
`gardless of changing conditions in the network.
`gardless of changing conditions in the network.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`(C) 610.7-1995
`DETOL See: Directly Executable Test Oriented Language.
`DETOL See: Directly Executable Test Oriented Language.
`detuners Devices attached to a structure which alter the imped(cid:173)
`detuners Devices attached to a structure which alter the imped(cid:173)
`ance at the connection point such that a minimum of current
`ance at the connection point such that a minimum of current
`at the design frequency (frequencies) flows in the structure.
`at the design frequency (frequencies) flows in the structure.
`(T&D/PE) 1260-1996
`(T&D/PE) 1260-1996
`developed source statements Source statements that are newly
`developed source statements Source statements that are newly
`created for, added to, or modified for a software product.
`created for, added to, or modified for a software product.
`(CISE) 1045-1992
`(CISE) 1045-1992
`developer (1) (electrostatography) A material or materials that
`developer (1) (electrostatography) A material or materials that
`may be used in development.
`(ED) 224-1965w, [45]
`may be used in development.
`(ED) 224-1965w, [45]
`(2) An organization that develops software products; "devel(cid:173)
`(2) An organization that develops software products; "devel(cid:173)
`ops" may include new development, modification, reuse, re(cid:173)
`ops" may include new development, modification, reuse, re(cid:173)
`engineering, maintenance, or any other activity that results in
`engineering, maintenance, or any other activity that results in
`software products, and includes the testing, quality assurance,
`software products, and includes the testing, quality assurance,
`configuration management, and other activities applied to
`configuration management, and other activities applied to
`these products. Synonym: supplier.
`these products. Synonym: supplier.
`(CISE) J-STD-016-1995, 1362-1998
`(CISE) J-STD-016-1995, 1362-1998
`(3) A person or organization that performs development ac(cid:173)
`(3) A person or organization that performs development ac(cid:173)
`tivities (including requirements analysis, design, testing
`tivities (including requirements analysis, design, testing
`through acceptance) during the software life cycle process.
`through acceptance) during the software life cycle process.
`(CISE) 1062-1998
`(CISE) 1062-1998
`developer role Where software is developed, tested, and main-
`developer role Where software is developed, tested, and main-
`tained.
`(C/PA) 1387.2-1995
`tained.
`(C/PA) 1387.2-1995
`development (1) (electrostatography) The act ofrendering an
`development (1) (electrostatography) The act ofrendering an
`electrostatic image viewable. See also: electrostatography.
`electrostatic image viewable. See also: electrostatography.
`(ED) [46]
`(ED) [46]
`(2) All activities that are carried out to create a software prod(cid:173)
`(2) All activities that are carried out to create a software prod(cid:173)
`uct.
`(CISE) 1298-1992w
`uct.
`(CISE) 1298-1992w
`developmental baseline* See: developmental configuration.
`developmental baseline* See: developmental configuration.
`* Deprecated.
`* Deprecated.
`developmental configuration In configuration management,
`developmental configuration In configuration management,
`the software and associated technical documentation that de(cid:173)
`the software and associated technical documentation that de(cid:173)
`fine the evolving configuration of a computer software con(cid:173)
`fine the evolving configuration of a computer software con(cid:173)
`figuration item during development. Note: The developmental
`figuration item during development. Note: The developmental
`configuration is under the developer's control, and therefore
`configuration is under the developer's control, and therefore
`is not called a baseline. Contrast: allocated baseline; product
`is not called a baseline. Contrast: allocated baseline; product
`baseline; functional baseline.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`(C) 610.12-1990
`baseline; functional baseline.
`
` 4
`
`

`

`modify
`modify
`
`F(z, m) = 2: f[nT -
`F(z, m) = 2: f[nT -
`
`11=0
`11=0
`O<m<l
`O<m<l
`
`(1 - m)T]u[nT -
`(1 - m)T]u[nT -
`
`(1 - m)T]z-n
`(1 - m)T]z-n
`
`703
`703
`
`module
`module
`
`(lM) [52]
`(lM) [52]
`modify (A) To change the contents of a database. (B) To change
`modify (A) To change the contents of a database. (B) To change
`the logical structure of a database. See also: alter.
`the logical structure of a database. See also: alter.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`(C) 610.5-1990
`
`Modula 2 See: MODUlar LAnguage II.
`Modula 2 See: MODUlar LAnguage II.
`MODULA IT See: MODUlar LAnguage II.
`MODULA IT See: MODUlar LAnguage II.
`modular (software) Composed of discrete parts. See also: mod(cid:173)
`modular (software) Composed of discrete parts. See also: mod(cid:173)
`ular decomposition; modular programming.
`ular decomposition; modular programming.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`(C) 610.12-1990
`modular assembly A circuit breaker element consisting of
`modular assembly A circuit breaker element consisting of
`sealed interrupters, mechanism, and connecting terminals.
`sealed interrupters, mechanism, and connecting terminals.
`(SWGIPE) C37.59-1996
`(SWGIPE) C37.59-1996
`modular constraint See: grid constraint.
`modular constraint See: grid constraint.
`modular decomposition (software) The process of breaking a
`modular decomposition (software) The process of breaking a
`system into components to facilitate design and development;
`system into components to facilitate design and development;
`an element of modular programming. Synonym: modulariza(cid:173)
`an element of modular programming. Synonym: modulariza(cid:173)
`tion. See also: factoring; hierarchical decomposition; demo(cid:173)
`tion. See also: factoring; hierarchical decomposition; demo(cid:173)
`dularization; cohesion; coupling; packaging;
`functional
`dularization; cohesion; coupling; packaging;
`functional
`decomposition.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`decomposition.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`modularity (software) The degree to which a system or com(cid:173)
`modularity (software) The degree to which a system or com(cid:173)
`puter program is composed of discrete components such that
`puter program is composed of discrete components such that
`a change to one component has minimal impact on other com(cid:173)
`a change to one component has minimal impact on other com(cid:173)
`(C) 610.12-1990
`ponents. See also: cohesion; coupling.
`ponents. See also: cohesion; coupling.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`modularization See: modular decomposition.
`modularization See: modular decomposition.
`MODUlar LAnguage IT (MODULA II) A programming lan(cid:173)
`MODUlar LAnguage IT (MODULA II) A programming lan(cid:173)
`guage.developed, as an expanded version of Pascal, to support
`guage.developed, as an expanded version of Pascal, to support
`modular design, structured programs, and mathematical cal(cid:173)
`modular design, structured programs, and mathematical cal(cid:173)
`culations. See also: block-structured language.
`culations. See also: block-structured language.
`(C) 61O.13-1993w
`(C) 61O.13-1993w
`modular programming (software) A software development
`modular programming (software) A software development
`technique in which software is developed as a collection of
`technique in which software is developed as a collection of
`modules. See also: stepwise refinement; data structure-cen(cid:173)
`modules. See also: stepwise refinement; data structure-cen(cid:173)
`tered design; transaction analysis; rapid prototyping; modular
`tered design; transaction analysis; rapid prototyping; modular
`decomposition;
`input-process-output;
`structured design;
`decomposition;
`input-process-output;
`structured design;
`transform analysis; object-oriented design.
`transform analysis; object-oriented design.
`
`(C) 610.12-1990
`(C) 610.12-1990
`MODULAR IT See: MODUlar LAnguage II.
`MODULAR IT See: MODUlar LAnguage II.
`modulate (A) To convert voice or data signal for transmission
`modulate (A) To convert voice or data signal for transmission
`over a communications network. Contrast: demodulate.
`over a communications network. Contrast: demodulate.
`(B) To vary one or more attributes of a carrier (amplitude,
`(B) To vary one or more attributes of a carrier (amplitude,
`frequency, phase) such that the frequency information in the
`frequency, phase) such that the frequency information in the
`modulating signal can be recovered by its inverse process.
`modulating signal can be recovered by its inverse process.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`(C) 610.7-1995
`modulated 12.5T pulse (linear waveform distortion) A burst
`modulated 12.5T pulse (linear waveform distortion) A burst
`of color subcarrier frequency of nominally 3.58 MHz. The
`of color subcarrier frequency of nominally 3.58 MHz. The
`envelope of the burst is sin2 shaped with a HAD of nominally
`envelope of the burst is sin2 shaped with a HAD of nominally
`1.56 fLS. The MOD 12.5T pulse consists of a luminance and
`1.56 fLS. The MOD 12.5T pulse consists of a luminance and
`a chrominance component. The envelope of the frequency
`a chrominance component. The envelope of the frequency
`spectrum consists of two parts, namely signal energy concen(cid:173)
`spectrum consists of two parts, namely signal energy concen(cid:173)
`trated in the luminance region below 0.6 MHz and in the
`trated in the luminance region below 0.6 MHz and in the
`chrominance region from roughly 3 MHz to 4.2 MHz.
`chrominance region from roughly 3 MHz to 4.2 MHz.
`
`3.58 MHz
`BURST
`
`1.561'-S
`1.561'-5
`12.5T
`12.ST
`
`Envelope of frequency spectrum of modulated 12.ST pulse
`Envelope of frequency spectrum of modulated 12.ST pulse
`modulated 12.ST pulse
`modulated 12.ST pulse
`
`(BT) 51l-1979w
`(BT) 51l-1979w
`
`modulation (1) (A) (data transmission) (Carrier). (i) The pro(cid:173)
`modulation (1) (A) (data transmission) (Carrier). (i) The pro(cid:173)
`cess by which some characteristic of a carrier is varied in
`cess by which some characteristic of a carrier is varied in
`accordance with a modulating wave. (ii) The variation of
`accordance with a modulating wave. (ii) The variation of
`some characteristic of a carrier. See also: angle modulation;
`some characteristic of a carrier. See also: angle modulation;
`modulation index. (B) (data transmission) (Signal transmis(cid:173)
`modulation index. (B) (data transmission) (Signal transmis(cid:173)
`sion system). (i) A process whereby certain characteristics of
`sion system). (i) A process whereby certain characteristics of
`a wave, often called the carrier, are varied or selected in ac(cid:173)
`a wave, often called the carrier, are varied or selected in ac(cid:173)
`cordance with a modulating function. (ii) The result of such
`cordance with a modulating function. (ii) The result of such
`a process. See also: angle modulation; modulation index.
`a process. See also: angle modulation; modulation index.
`(PE) 599-1985
`(PE) 599-1985
`(2) (diode-type camera tube) The ratio of the difference be(cid:173)
`(2) (diode-type camera tube) The ratio of the difference be(cid:173)
`tween the maximum and minimum signal currents divided by
`tween the maximum and minimum signal currents divided by
`the sum. To avoid ambiguity, the optical input image intensity
`the sum. To avoi~ ambiguity, the optical input image intensity
`shall be assumed to be sinusoidal in the direction of scan.
`shall be assumed to be sinusoidal in the direction of scan.
`(ED) 503-1978w
`(ED) 503-1978w
`(3) (fiber optics) A controlled variation with time of any
`(3) (fiber optics) A controlled variation with time of any
`property of a wave for the purpose of transferring informa(cid:173)
`property of a wave for the purpose of transferring informa(cid:173)
`tion.
`(Std100) 812-1984w
`tion.
`(Std100) 812-1984w
`(4) (overhead-power-line corona and radio noise) The pro(cid:173)
`(4) (overhead-power-line corona and radio noise) The pro(cid:173)
`cess by which some characteristic of a carrier is varied in
`cess by which some characteristic of a carrier is varied in
`accordance with a modulating signal.
`(T&DIPE) 539-1990
`accordance with a modulating signal.
`(T&DIPE) 539-1990
`(5) (broadband local area networks) The method whereby
`(5) (broadband local area networks) The method whereby
`information is superimposed onto a RF carrier to transport
`information is superimposed onto a RF carrier to transport
`signals through a communications channel.
`signals through a communications channel.
`(LM/C) 802.7-1989r
`(LM/C) 802.7-1989r
`(6) The process of changing or regulating the characteristics
`(6) The process of changing or regulating the characteristics
`of a carrier that is vibrating at a certain amplitude and fre(cid:173)
`of a carrier that is vibrating at a certain amplitude and fre(cid:173)
`quency so that the variations represent meaningful informa(cid:173)
`quency so that the variations represent meaningful informa(cid:173)
`(C) 610.7-1995
`tion. Contrast: demodulation.
`tion. Contrast: demodulation.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`modulation contrast (diode-type camera tube) The ratio of
`modulation contrast (diode-type camera tube) The ratio of
`the difference between the peak and the minimum values of
`the difference between the peak and the minimum values of
`irradiance to the sum of the peak and the minimum value of
`irradiance to the sum of the peak and the minimum value of
`irradiance of an image or specified portion of an image.
`irradiance of an image or specified portion of an image.
`(ED) 503-1978w
`(ED) 503-1978w
`modulation index (angle modulation with a sinusoidal mod(cid:173)
`modulation index (angle modulation with a sinusoidal mod(cid:173)
`ulating function) (data transmission) The ratio of the fre(cid:173)
`ulating function) (data transmission) The ratio of the fre(cid:173)
`quency deviation of the modulated wave to the frequency of
`quency deviation of the modulated wave to the frequency of
`the modulating function. Note: The modulation index is nu(cid:173)
`the modulating function. Note: The modulation index is nu(cid:173)
`merically equal to the phase deviation expressed in radians.
`merically equal to the phase deviation expressed in radians.
`(PE) 599-1985w
`(PE) 599-1985w
`modulation threshold (illuminating engineering) In the case
`modulation threshold (illuminating engineering) In the case
`of a square wave or sine wave grating, manipulation of lu(cid:173)
`of a square wave or sine wave grating, manipulation of lu(cid:173)
`minance differences can be specified in terms of modulation
`minance differences can be specified in terms of modulation
`and the threshold may be called the modulation threshold.
`and the threshold may be called the modulation threshold.
`
`-L·
`L
`modulation = Lmax - L min
`modulation = max
`mm
`Lmax + L min
`Lmax + L min
`Periodic patterns that are not sine wave can be specified in
`Periodic patterns that are not sine wave can be specified in
`terms of the modulation of the fundamental sine wave com(cid:173)
`terms of the modulation of the fundamental sine wave com(cid:173)
`ponent. The number of periods or cycles per degree of visual
`ponent. The number of periods or cycles per degree of visual
`angle represents the spatial frequency.
`(EECJIE) [126]
`angle represents the spatial frequency.
`(EECI1E) [126]
`modulator A device that converts a signal into a modulated
`modulator A device that converts a signal into a modulated
`(C) 610.7-1995
`signal that is suitable for transmission.
`signal that is suitable for transmission.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`modulation transfer function (diode-type camera tube)
`modulation transfer function (diode-type camera tube)
`Ro(N), the modulus of the optical transfer function (OTF), is
`Ro(N), the modulus of the optical transfer function (OTF), is
`synonymous with the sine amplitude response. That is, the
`synonymous with the sine amplitude response. That is, the
`response of the imaging sensor to sinewave images. When
`response of the imaging sensor to sinewave images. When
`the modulation transfer functions or MTFs of a linear sensor's
`the modulation transfer functions or MTFs of a linear sensor's
`components are known, the overall system MTF can be found
`components are known, the overall system MTF can be found
`by mUltiplying the individual component MTFs together.
`by mUltiplying the individual component MTFs together.
`(ED) 503-1978w
`(ED) 503-1978w
`
`modulator-demodulator See: modem.
`modulator-demodulator See: modem.
`module (1) (cable penetration fire stop qualification test) An
`module (1) (cable penetration fire stop qualification test) An
`opening in a fire resistive barrier so located and spaced from
`opening in a fire resistive barrier so located and spaced from
`adjacent modules (openings) that its respective cable penetra(cid:173)
`adjacent modules (openings) that its respective cable penetra(cid:173)
`tion fire stop's performance will not affect the performance
`tion fire stop's performance will not affect the perfo