`
`Apple v. Realtime
`Proceeding No. |PR2016-01365
`APPLE 1021
`
`Apple v. Realtime
`Proceeding No. IPR2016-01365
`APPLE 1021
`
`1
`
`

`

`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in—Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495-4
`
`1. Computers--Dictionaries.
`
`2.
`
`lVIicrocomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267
`OO4'.03—-dc21
`
`2002
`
`200219714
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`23456789 QWT 765432
`
`Distributed in Canada by HE. Fenn and Company Ltd.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
`
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
`tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at www.microsoft.com/mspress.
`Send comments to mspinput©microsofi. com.
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, DirectInput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win325, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States andfor other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e—mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. X08-41929
`
`2
`
`

`

`Contributors
`
`Peter Aiken
`
`Bart Arenson
`
`Janice Borzendowski
`
`Jerome Colburn
`
`Duane Hanson
`
`Andrew Himes
`
`Robert Howecton
`
`Annette B. Jackson
`
`Larry S. Jackson
`
`Thomas A. Jackson
`
`Chris Kinata
`
`llana Kingsley
`
`Robin Lombard
`
`Thomas A. Long
`
`William G. Madison
`
`Illustrators
`
`Travis Beaven
`
`David Holter
`
`Alton Lawson
`
`Thomas P. Magliery
`
`David Mason
`
`Terrence M. McLaren
`
`Wallace Parker
`
`Charles Petzold
`
`Phil Rose
`
`John Ross
`
`David Rygmyr
`
`Aimée Truchard
`
`Michael Vose
`
`Bruce Webster
`
`Judson D. Weeks
`
`Tom Winn
`
`JoAnne Woodcock
`
`Rob Nance
`
`JoelPanchot
`
`3
`
`

`

`Encapsulated PostScript
`
`End key
`
`programming, to keep the implementation details of a class
`a separate file whose contents do not need to be known by
`a programmer using that class. See also object-oriented
`programming, TCP/IP.
`
`Encapsulated PostScrlpt a. See EPS.
`
`encapsulated type :1. See abstract data type.
`
`encapsulatlon n. 1. In object-oriented programming, the
`packaging of attributes (properties) and functionality
`(methods or behaviors) to create an object that is essen-
`tially a “black box’ ’7one whose internal structure remains
`private and whose services can be accessed by other
`objects only through messages passed via a clearly defined
`interface (the programming equivalent of a mailbox or tele-
`phone line). Encapsulation ensures that the object provid-
`ing service can prevent other objects from manipulating its
`data or procedures directly, andit enables the object
`requesting service to ignore the details of how that service
`is provided. See also information hiding. 2. In terms of the
`Year 2000 problem, a method of dealing with dates that
`entails shifting either program logic (data encapsulation) or
`input (program encapsulation) backward into the past, to a
`parallel year that allows the system to avoid Year 2000
`complications. Encapsulation thus allows processing to
`take place in a “time warp” created by shifting to an earlier
`time before processing and—for accuracy—shifting output
`forward by the same number of years to reflect the actual
`date. See data encapsulation, program encapsulation.
`
`enclpher vb. See encrypt.
`
`encode vb. 1. See encrypt. 2. In programming, to put
`something into code, which frequently involves changing
`the formifor example, changing a decimal number to
`binary-coded form. See also binary-coded decimal,
`EBCDIC.
`
`encoder a. 1. In general, any hardware or software that
`encodes informationithat is, converts the information to
`a particular form or format. For example, the Windows
`Media Encoder converts audio and video to a form that
`can be streamed to clients over a network. 2. In reference
`
`to MP3 digital audio in particular, technology that con-
`verts a WAV audio file into an MP3 file. An MP3 encoder
`
`compresses a sound file to a much smaller size, about
`one-twelfth as large as the original, without a perceptible
`drop in quality. Also called: MP3 encoder. See also MP3,
`WAV. Compare rip, ripper.
`
`encodlng n. 1. See Huffman coding. 2. A method of deal-
`ing with computers with Year 2000 problems that entails
`storing a four-digit year in date fields designed to hold
`only two digits in a program or system. This can be
`accomplished by using the bits associated with the date
`field more efficientlyifor example, by converting the
`date field from ASCII to binary or from decimal to hexa-
`decimal, both of which allow storage of larger values.
`
`encrypt vb. To encode (scramble) information in such a
`way that it is unreadable to all but those individuals pos-
`sessing the key to the code. Encrypted information is
`known as cipher text. Also called: encipher, encode.
`
`encryptlon a. The process of encoding data to prevent
`unauthorized access, especially during transmission.
`Encryption is usually based on one or more keys, or codes,
`that are essential for decoding, or returning the data to
`readable form. The U.S. National Bureau of Standards
`
`created a complex encryption standard, Data Encryption
`Standard (DES), which is based on a 56-bit variable that
`provides for more than 70 quadrillion unique keys to
`encrypt documents. See also DES.
`
`encryptlon key a. A sequence of data that is used to
`encrypt other data and that, consequently, must be used for
`the data’s decryption. See also decryption, encryption.
`
`end-around carry is. A special type of end-around shift
`operation on a binary value that treats the carry bit as an
`extra bit; that is, the carry bit is moved from one end of the
`value to the other. See also carry, end-around shift, shift.
`
`end-around shlft n. An operation performed on a binary
`value in which a bit is shifted out of one end and into the
`
`other end. For example, a right-end shift on the value
`00101001 yields 10010100. See also shift.
`
`en dash n. A punctuation mark (—) used to show ranges
`of dates and numbers, as in 1990—92, and in compound
`adjectives where one part is hyphenated or consists of two
`words, as in pre43ivil War. The en dash is named after a
`typographical unit of measure, the en space, which is half
`the width of an em space. See also em space. Compare em
`dash, hyphen.
`
`End key is. A cursor-control key that moves the cursor to
`a certain position, usually to the end of a line, the end of a
`screen, or the end of a file, depending on the program. See
`the illustration.
`
`192
`
`4
`
`