High Temperature
`Ceramic Matrix
`Composites
`
`Edited by W. Krenkel,
`R. Naslain, H. Schneider
`
`GE-1014.001
`
`

`
`GE-1014.002
`
`GE-1014.002
`
`

`
`
`
`GE-1014.003
`
`GE-1014.003
`
`

`
`High Temperature
`Ceramic Matrix
`Composites
`
`Edited by W. Krenkel, R. Naslain,
`H. Schneider
`
`@WILEY-VCH
`
`GE-1014.004
`
`

`
`Further Titles of Interest:
`
`J. G. Heinrich, F. Aldinger (Eds.)
`Ceramic Materials and Components for Engines
`ISBN 3-527-30416-9
`
`T. W. thou (Ed.)
`Structure and Properties of Composites
`1SBN 3-527-26826-X
`
`T. G. Gutowski (Ed.)
`Advanced Composites Manufacturing
`ISBN 0-471-15301-X
`
`GE-1014.005
`
`

`
`High Temperature Ceramic
`Matrix Composites
`
`Edited by
`W. Krenkel, R. Naslain, H. Schneider
`
`Deutsche Gesellschaft
`fOr Materialkunde e.V.
`
`German Aerospace
`Center (DLR)
`
`@WILEY-VCH
`
`Weinheim ¯ New York- Chichester
`Brisbane. Singapore. Toronto
`,/
`
`GE-1014.006
`
`

`
`~ OEC Iq Rro~kUUt__ ~ I-R" Nasl~in
`Dr W Krenkel
`Deutsches Zentr~ FOr Luft-und Umver~te°e B~eaUXs,tesmratoired~Com o
`
`Raumfah~e.M ~ Labora o" ,~ L p ’
`Institut ~0r Bauweisen-~turaux
`~, Allde de la Bodtie
`Konstmktionsfor~hung
`33600 Pessac
`Pfaffenwaldring 38-40
`France
`70569 Stuttga~
`Germany
`
`Prof. Dr. H. Schneider
`Deutsches Zentrum t’tir Luft- und
`Raumfahrt e.V.
`Institut ft~r Werkstoff-Forschung
`Linder H6he
`51147 K61n
`Germany
`
`4th International Conference on High Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites (HT-CMC4),
`held from 01 - 03 October 2001 in Munich, Germany
`
`Organizer:
`DLR- German Aerospace Center
`DGM ’ Deutsche Gesellschaft far Materialkunde e.V.
`
`This book was carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors and publisher do not warrant the
`information contained therein to be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data,
`illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate.
`
`Cover:
`Upper left: CMC brake disk during a high performance brake run (courtesy of Knorr Bremse SFS GmbH,
`
`Munich, Germany)
`
`Upper right: Internally ventilated C/C-CiC brake disk for series sportscars
`
`Lower left: Microstructure of C/C-SiC (view from above)
`Lower right: Test of a model of COLIBRl-reentry capsule in the plasma channel L3K of DLR, Cologne
`
`Library of Congress Card No. applied for.
`
`A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
`
`Deutsche Bibliothek Cataloguingdn-Publication Data:
`A catalogue record for this book is available from Die Deutsche Bibliothek
`ISBN 3-527-30320-0
`
`© WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69469 Weinheim (Federal Republic of Germany), 2001
`
`Printed on acid-free paper
`
`All rights reserved (including those of translation in other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any
`form - by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means - nor transmitted or translated into machine language
`without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not
`
`specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.
`
`Satz: W.G.V. Verlagsdienstleistungen GmbH, D-69469 Weinheim
`Druck: betz-druck GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt
`Bindung: Buchbinderei Osswald, Neustadt./Wst.
`Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
`
`LC Control Number
`
`2002 .278523
`
`GE-1014.007
`
`

`
`Preface
`
`The extreme high temperature stability and damage tolerance of materials and components
`required for space, terrestrial, energetic and many other applications can only be achieved with
`ceramic materials. All over the world research is going on to develop ceramics with quasi-
`ductile behaviour. The materials with the highest potential for high temperature applications are
`fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMC). Originally, requirements from space and
`military applications played the deciding role for the development of CMC materials. High mass
`specific properties and extremely high thermal stability were .important design criteria for ther-
`mal protection systems of spacecraft and rockets or hot structures in aircrafts and engines. All
`these first CMC structural parts had to be designed as limited life structures as the environmen-
`tal conditions were highly aggressive and the long term behaviour of the materials was still
`unknown. Typical representatives for such applications are rocket nozzles, engine flaps and
`leading edges of spacecraft. Their lifetime comprises only some few hours under highest
`thermomechanical requirements which can not be fulfilled by any other structural material.
`In the last few years new manufacturing processes and materials have been developed which
`reduce the CMC costs considerably. Short fibre reinforcements, commercially available precursors
`and liquid phase processes enabled the manufacturer to offer CMC products which are almost
`one order of magnitude cheaper than the first generation CMCs. Thereby, new application fields
`can now be envisaged and conventional materials will be substituted. Besides the necessary
`thermal stability, other functional properties like low thermal expansion and high abrasive
`resistance play an increasing importance. Internally ventilated brake disks, mirrors, telescopes
`and calibration plates are representatives of these new CMC products. Although still niche
`applications, these new low cost CMCs open new horizons and offer under life cycle cost
`considerations essential economic savings.
`An important goal of further research and development work in the field of CMCs is to
`increase the long term application at high temperature under oxidising atmospheres. A possible
`breakthrough could be realized by the development of corrosively as well as thermally durable
`fibres for application temperatures far beyond 1000 °C. Currently available carbon, oxide as
`well as non-oxide ceramic fibres do not fulfill this demand and some promising approaches in
`the past like amorphous Si-B-C-N fibres need more time for development than previously
`expected. Another approach to increase the stability of CMCs is the use of thermal and environ-
`mental coatings. Research in the field of new all-oxide systems indicate that most of the research
`work still has the goal of a long term fibre reinforced ceramic material for highly
`thermomechanically loaded structures.
`Ceramic matrix composites represent a new class ofmateria!s, just entering into commercial
`market. This book gives a comprehensive overview of the actual research and development of
`CMCs. All major topics are included in six chapters addressing new application oriented research
`and development aspects as well as basic science studies. The editors herewith publish the
`proceedings ofthe HT-CMC 4 Conference in Munich which continues the tradition of its
`successfull predecessor meetings held in Bordeaux, Santa Barbara and Osaka.
`
`Munich, October 2001
`
`Walter Krenkel
`
`Roger Naslain
`
`Hartmut Schneider
`
`GE-1014.008
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`I Fibers
`
`New High Temperature Oxide Fibers
`D. Wilson, 3M Co., St. Pau (USA) ............................................................................................. 3
`
`A Low-Cost and Unique Carbon Fiber for CMC
`J. Withers, B. Safadi, W. Kowbel, R. Loutfy, MER Corporation, Tucson (USA) ..................... 13
`
`The Formation Mechanism of the Stabilized Microstructure in the Fibers of
`A1203-SiO2 System
`B. Schetanov, E. Kablov, T. Scheglova, VIAM,, Moscow (RUS) .............................................. 17
`
`Polycomponent Aluminium Oxide-Based Fibres
`T. Ulyanova, L. Titova, N. Krut’ko, Institute of General and lnorganic Chemistry of the
`National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (BY) ............................................................................. 22
`
`High-Performance Si-N-O Fibres for HT:Insulation and Short-Fibre Reinforced HT-
`CMCs/MMCs
`A. Vital, U. Vogt, EMPA, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials’ Testing and Research,
`Duebendorf (CH) ..................................................................................................................... 29
`
`Fine Silicon Carbide Fiber Synthesized from a Silicon-Based Polymer Blend Using
`Radiation Curing
`A. Idesaki, M. Sugimoto, S. Tanaka, Y. Morita, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute,
`Gunma (J); M. Narisawa, K. Okamura, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka (J); M. Itoh,
`Fukushima National College of Tochnology, Fukushima (J) ................................................... 35
`
`Influence of Water-Vapor-Containing Atmosphere on the Pyrolysis of Polymer-Derived
`SiC Fibers
`Z. Chu, C. Feng, Y. Song, J. Wang, Y.D. Wang, Y.F. Wang, Key Lab. of New Ceramic
`Fibers, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha (VRC) ................................... 41
`
`A novel Si-N-C fiber with a low Oxygen Content Prepared from a Vinyl-Containing
`Polysilazane Precursor
`Z. Chu, Y. Song, C. Feng, Key Lab. of New Ceramic Fibers, National University of
`Defense Technology, Changsha (VRC) .................................................................................... 46
`
`Novel Ceramic SiCN-Fibers from the Polycarbosilazane ABSE
`J. Hacker, G. Motz, G. Ziegler, Institute for Materials Research,
`University of Bayreuth (D) ....................................................................................................... 52
`
`GE-1014.009
`
`

`
`VIII
`
`Preparation of Non-Oxide Ceramic Fibers in the Systems Si-C-N and Si-B-C-N
`¯ .............. 56
`D. Schawaller, B. Clauss, Institut fiir Chemiefasern (ICF), Denkendorf (D) ............
`
`New Fiber Precursors in the System Si-B-N-C
`J. Clade, D. Sporn, Fraunhofer-Institut j~r Silicatforschung ISC, Wiirzburg (D) ; U. Miiller,
`Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitiit, Bonn (D); M. Jansen, Max-Planck-Institut f~r
`Festkdrperforschung, Stuttgart (D) ..........................................................................................
`
`62
`
`Origin and Effect of Fiber Attack for the Processing of C/SiC
`M. Miiller, J. Mentz, H.-P. Buchkremer, D. StOver, Institut fiir Werkstoffe und
`Verfahren der Energietechnik IWV-1, Forschungszentrum Jiilich GmbH (D) ........................ 66
`
`Temperature Stability of 3M NexteVM 610, 650, and 720 Fibers - A Microstructural Study
`M. Schmiicker, F. Flucht, H. Schneider, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of
`
`Materials Research, Kdln (D) ..................................................................................................
`
`73
`
`Influence of High Temperature Argon Heat Treatment on Tensile Properties for Four
`Types of BN/SiC Coated SiC Fiber Preforms
`T.Bhatt, US Army Research Laboratory-Vehicle Technology Center, NASA Glenn Research
`
`Center, Cleveland (USA) ..........................................................................................................
`
`79
`
`Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Behaviour up to 1500 °C of NexteVM 720
`Mullite-Alumina Fibres
`F. DelOgIise, M. Berger, A. Bunsell, Centre des MatOriaux, Ecole des Mines de Paris,
`Evr (F) ......................................................................................................................................
`
`84
`
`Failure Analysis ofNextelTM 720 Fibers Subjected to High-Temperature Testing:
`The Role of Intrinsic Fiber Impurities
`W. Braue, R. Borath, F. Flucht, J. Goering, H. Schneider, German Aerospace
`Center (DLR), Materials Research Institute, Cologne (D) ......................................................
`
`90
`
`Microstructural Response of SiBN3C-Fibers Upon Annealing in Oxidizing and
`Reducing Atmospheres
`W. Braue, G. Paul, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Materials Research Institute,
`
`Cologne (D; H. Baldus, Bayer Fiber GmbH, D-41538 Dormagen (D) ...................................
`
`96
`
`Effects of 2-D Fabric Geometry on the Tensile Strength of Stoichiometric SiC Fiber-
`Reinforced Composites
`H. Yun, J. DiCarlo, NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland (USA) ....................................
`
`99
`
`Mechanical and Microstructural Characterisation of Nextel 650 Alumina-Zirconia Fibres
`A. Poulon-Quintin, M. Berger, A. Bunsell, Centre des Mat~riaux Pierre-Marie Fourt,
`Ecole des Mines de Paris, Evry (F) ........................................................................................
`
`106
`
`Creep Behaviour of Single SiNO Fibres
`O. Lesemann, D. Koch, G. Grathwohl, Keramische Werkstoffe und Bauteile,
`Universitiit Bremen (D) .......................................................................................................... 112
`
`-7 ii:
`
`GE-1014.010
`
`

`
`Microscopic Thermal Characterization of C/C-SiC Composites
`J. Jumel, F. Lepoutre, ONERA, Chdtillon (F); M. FrieJ3, W. Krenkel, DLR., Stuttgart (D);
`G. Neuer, IKE, Universitiit Stuttgart (D) ............................................................................... 120
`
`IX
`
`II Interphases and Coatings
`
`Oxide Fiber-Coatings for Interface Control in Ceramic Composites
`R. Kerans, R. Hay, M. Cinibulk, Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and
`Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/MLLN, Wright-Patterson AFB (USA)," E. Boakye, K.
`Keller, T. Mah, T. Parthasarathy, UES Inc., Dayton (USA) (under AFRL contract) ............ 129
`
`Interphase Formation, Microstructure and Performance
`M. Lewis, University of Warwick, Coventr (GB) ................................................................... 136
`
`Experimental Investigation of Multifunctional Interphase Coatings on SiC fibers for Non-
`Oxide High Temperature Resistant CMCs
`A. Tsirlin, Y. Pronin, E. Florina, S. Mukhametov, M. Khatsernov, SRC of
`RF GNIIChTEOS, Moscow (RUS)," H. Yun, NASA Glenn Research Center,
`
`Cleveland (USA)," R. Riedel, E. Kroke, Technische Universit~it, Darmstadt (D) ................... 149
`
`Coating of SiC Fibers with Yb-Doped Ceria
`H. Sueyoshi, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kagoshima University, (J);
`R. Dong, M. Higo, Y. Uemura, Y. Hirata, Department of Applied Chemistry and
`Chemical Engineering, Kagoshima University (J) ................................................................ 157
`
`Stability of Mullite-Precursor Versus Potential Fiber-Coating Materials
`P. Mechnich, M. Schmiicker, H. Schneider, Deutsches Zentrum f#r Luft- und
`Raumfahrt e. V., Institut fiir Werkstoff-Forschung, Kdln (D) ................................................. 164
`
`Microscopic Thermal Characterization of C/C Composites
`J. Jumel, F. Lepoutre, ONERA, Chdtillon (F); F. Enguehard, D. Rochais,
`CEA Le Ripault, Monts (F)," M. Cataldi, SNECMA, Saint M~dard en JalIes (F) .................. 168
`
`Fiber Induced Failure of Carbon/Carbon Composites
`B. Miiller, D. Ekenhorst, K.-W. Brzezinka, M. Hentschel, Bundesanstalt fiir
`Materialforschung und -priifung (BAM), Berlin (D) ............................................................. 175
`
`The Interlaminar Shear Strength of C/C-SiC
`J. Schulte-Fischedick, ~ FrieJ3, W. Krenkel, Deutsches Zentrum J~r Luft- und Raumfahrt,
`Institut fiir Bauweisen- und Konstruktionsforschung, Stuttgart (D) ; B. Thielicke,
`Fraunhofer-Institut fiir Werkstoffmechanik, Freiburg (D) .................................................... 181
`
`Stability in Air at Ambient Temperature of BN Coatings Processed from BC13-NH3-H2
`Gas Mixtures
`S. Le Gallet, F. Rebillat, A. Guette, R. Naslain, Laboratoire des Composites
`Thermostructuraux, UMR 5801 (CNRS-SNECMA-CEA-UB1), University Bordeaux 1,
`Pessac (F) ......................... ~ ..................................................................................................... 187
`
`GE-1014.011
`
`

`
`X
`
`Oxidation Resistance of BN Coatings with Different Textures
`F. Rebillat, S. Le Gallet, A. Guette, X. Bourrat, R. Naslain, Laboratoire des Composites
`Thermostructuraux, UMR 5801 (CNRS-SNECMA-CEA-UB1), University Bordeaux I,
`Pessac (F) ...............................................................................................................................
`
`193
`
`CVD-Coating of Fabric Sheets in Combination with the LSI Process
`M. Friefl, W. KrenkeI, K. Nestler, Deutsches Zentrum fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt e. Id (DLR),
`
`Institute of Structures and Design, Stuttgart (D); G. Marx, Technische Universit~it
`Chemnitz, InstitutJ~r Chemic, Professur fiir Physikalische Chemic, Chemnitz (D) ............. 199
`
`Mechanical Properties of SiC~SiC Composites with ZrSiO4 Interphase at a
`High Temperature
`Y. Tanaka, Y. Inoue, N. Miyamoto, M. Sato, Research Institute of Advanced Material
`Gas Generator, Tokyo (J) .......................................................................................................
`
`205
`
`Multiscale Investigation of the Creep Behavior of SiC~-SiBC
`S. Darzens, G. Farizy, J. Vicens, J. Chermant, LERMAT, URA CNRS 1317, ISMRA,
`Caen (F) .................................................................................................................................
`
`211
`
`Evaluation of Damage by Oxidation Corrosion at High Temperatures of Coated C/C-SiC
`Ceramic Composite
`M. Labanti, G. Martignani, C. Mingazzini, G. Minoccari, L. Pilotti, A. Ricci, ENEA CRF-
`
`Faenza (I); R. Weiss, SCHUNK - Heucheleim (D) ................................................................ 218
`
`Environmental Barrier Coatings for Silicon-Based Ceramics
`K. Lee,.D. Fox, R. Robinson, N. Bansal, NASA Glenn Research Center,
`Cleveland (USA) .....................................................................................................................
`
`244
`
`Yttrium-Silicates for Oxidation Protection of C/C-SiC Composites
`T. Ulhnann, H. Hald, Institute of Structures and Design, Stuttgart (D) ; M. Schmiicker,
`H. Schneider, Institute of Material Research, KOln (D); R. Henne, Institute of Technical
`Thermodynamics, Stuttgart (D) ..............................................................................................
`
`230
`
`Polymer-Spraying as a Deposition Technique for CMCs
`O. Goerke, E. Feike, H. Schubert, Institute for Material Science and Technology,
`Berlin (D) ...............................................................................................................................
`
`236
`
`Protective Coating for Carbon-Carbon Composites
`F. Smeacetto, M. Ferraris, M Salvo, Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Dept.,
`Polytechnic of Torino (I) ........................................................................................................
`
`240
`
`Low Cost Oxidation Resistant C-C Composites
`W. Kowbel, C. Bruce, J. Withers, MER Corporation, Tucson (USA) ....................................
`
`245
`
`Analysis of Asymmetrical Four-Point Bending Test of Ceramic Composite Joints By
`Using Finite Element Method
`H. Serizawa, H. Murakawa, Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University (J);
`C. Lewinsohn, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, WA (USA) ...................................... 251
`
`GE-1014.012
`
`

`
`XI
`
`Thermal Expansion and Phase Transitions up to 850 °C of a Celsian-Hexacelsian
`(BaA12Si2Os) Mixture
`J. Schneider, Institut J~r Kristallographie und Angewandte Mineralogie,
`Universit~it Miinchen (D); W. Kriven, Department of Material Science and Engineering,
`University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (USA) .............................................................. 257
`
`Thermal Conductivity of Ceramic Coating Materials Determined by a Laser Heat Flux
`Technique
`D. Zhu, N. Bansal, K. Lee, R. Miller, NASA John H. Glenn Research Center,
`Cleveland (USA) .................................................................................................. ~ .................. 262
`
`Oxidation Behaviour of C/SiC Composites with a Si-Zr Coating from Room
`Temperature to 1500 °C
`L. Cheng, Y. Xu, L. Zhang, R. Gao, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,
`Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi "an Shaangxi (VRC) ........................................... 268
`
`III Processing of Non-Oxide CMCs
`
`Applications of CMCs Made via the Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) Technique
`R. KochendOrfer, N. Liitzenburger, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Institute of
`Structures and Design, Stuttgart (D) ...................................................................................... 277
`
`Applications of Non-Oxide CMCs
`A. Miihlratzer, M. Leuchs, MAN Technologie AG, Augsburg (D) ......................................... 288
`
`Failure Behaviour of Three Dimensional Hi-Nicalon/Silicon Carbide Composites
`Fabricated by Chemical Vapour Infiltration
`Y. Xu, L. Cheng, L. Zhang, H. Yin, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,
`
`Northwestern Polytechnical University, XI’an (VRC) ........................................................... 299
`
`Influence of Hot Pressing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CVI-Infiltrated
`C/C-Composites
`M. Guellali, R. Oberacker, M. Hoffmann, Universitdit Karlsruhe (TH) (D) .......................... 305
`
`SiC Matrix Composites for High Temperature Applications
`W. Kowbel, C. Bruce, J. Withers, MER Corporation, Tucson (USA) .................................... 311
`
`Improving Damage Tolerance of C/SiC
`J. Mentz, M. Miiller, H.-P. Buchkremer, D. StOver, Forschungszentrum Jiilich
`Gm bH (D) ................................................................................................................ " ............... 317
`
`SiC/SiC Composites by 2-Step Reaction-Bonding Method
`E. Tani, K. Shobu, K. Kishi, E. Maeda, S. Umobayashi, National Institute of Advanced
`Industrial Science and Technology, Tosu, Saga (J) ............................................................... 324
`
`GE-1014.013
`
`

`
`XII
`
`Influence of Process Parameters on the Thermophysical Properties of C/C-SiC
`M. Friefl, W. Krenkel, Deutsches Zentrum J~r Lufi- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), .
`
`Institute of Structures and Design, Stuttgart (D) ; R. Brandt, G. Neuer, Institut fiir
`Kernenergetik und Energiesysteme, Universitdt Stuttgart (D) ..............................................
`
`328
`
`Reaction Between Liquid AI (or Si) and Composite C/C Materials
`A. Favre, T. Birkel, H. FuzeIlier, Laboratoire de Chimie MolOculaire et Environnement,
`Universit~ de Savoie, Le Bourget-du-Lac (F) ........................................................................
`
`334
`
`Properties of Porous Si/SiC-Fiber Composites prepared by Infiltrating Carbon Fiber
`Composites with Liquid Silicon
`M. Park, H. Song, B. Lee, J. Hang, J. Lee, Ceramic & Chemical Eng. Div., Myong~i
`
`University, Kyunggido (ROK); M. Hong, Environmental Eng., Ajou University,
`Kyunggido (ROK) ...................................................................................................................
`
`341
`
`Nexte1480/Silica Composites by Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Vapor Infiltration
`Z. Chen, L. Zhang, L. Cheng, Y. Xu, R. Gao, State Key Laboratoly of Solidification
`347
`Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an (VRC) ........................................
`
`Continuous Sintering Furnace for Non-Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites
`K. Berroth, R. Wagner, FCT Technologie GmbH, Rauenstein (D); H. Kessel,
`FCT Syste~ne der Strukturkeramik GmbH, Rauenstein (D) ........ " ........................................... 353
`
`Development of SiC/SiC Composites from Si-Based Polymer Blend by
`Radiation Application
`M. Sugimoto, S. Tanaka, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Takasaki Radiation
`Chemiso~v Research Establishment, Takasaki (J); M. Itoh, Chemistry and Biochemistry,
`Fukushima National College of Technolog (J); K. Okamura, Department of Metallurgy and
`Materials Science, College of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University (J) ....................... 357
`
`Oxidation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites with
`Methylphenylsiloxane-Based Matrix and Pyrolytic Carbon Coating
`P. Glogar, M. Cern~, K. Balik, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Academy of
`Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague (CZ); D. Loidl, D. Gitschthaler, H. Peterlik, K.
`Kromp, Institute of Materials Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna (A) .............................
`
`362
`
`C-Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites by a Combination of CVI, PIP and RB
`C. Nannetti, A. Borello, de D. Pinto, ENEA Casaccia, Roma (I)," D. Carbone, A. Licciulli,
`PASTIS-CNRSM, Brindisi (I); A. Ortona, FN, Bosco Marengo (I) .......................................
`
`368
`
`Preparation of AlN Whiskers and Applications to Composite Materials
`N. I-Iotta, T. Watanabe, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University (J)," T. Sasamoto,
`Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi (J)," C. Zhang, T. Megura, K. Komeya,
`Department of Materials and Chemistry, Yokohama National University, Yokohama (J) .... 375
`
`Room and High Temperature Mechanical Properties of Hot-Pressed SiC Chopped-Fiber-
`Reinforced SiC Composite
`J.-S. Lee, K. Yoshida, M. Imai, T. Yano, Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors,
`Tokyo Institute of Technology (J) ...........................................................................................
`
`381
`
`GE-1014.014
`
`

`
`XIII
`
`Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Hot-Pressed SiC/SiC Composites Using SiC Matrix
`Containing Coarse SiC Grains
`K Yoshida, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology (J); M. hnai, Z Yano,
`Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Instituw of Technology (J) .................... 388
`
`Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride (RBSN) Reinforced by Short SiC Fibres
`A. Herzog, U. Vogt, Department of High Performance Ceramics, Swiss Federal
`Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), Duebendorf (CH) .................... 394
`
`Preparation of Liquid-Phase Sintered Multilayer Composites of SiC and AIN
`S. Wildhack, G. Rixecker, F. Aldinger, Max-Planck-Institut fiir MetaIlforschung and
`Institut J~r Nichtmetallische Anorganische Materialien der Universitiit Stuttgart (D) ......... 401
`
`Biomorphic SiSiC Ceramic Composites from Preprocessed Biological Fibers
`C. Hoffmann, H. Sieber, P. Greil, University of Erlangen-Niirnberg, Department of
`Materials Science (III), Erlangen (D) .................................................................................... 407
`
`Microstructure and Properties of Biomorphic SiSiC Ceramics Derived from Pyrolysed
`Wooden Templates
`J. Schmidt, S. Seiz, W. Krenkel, Deutsches Zentrum fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR),
`Institute of Structures and Design, Stuttgart (D) ................................................................... 414
`
`Wood Derived SiC Ceramics with Oriented Porous Structures via Carbothermal Reduction
`U. Vogt, A. Herzog, T. Graule, R. Klinger, Department of High Performance Ceramics,
`Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), Duebendorf
`Switzerland, Metal Physic Institute University (CH); T. Zimmermann, Department
`of Wood, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA),
`Duebendorf Switzerland, Metal Physic h~stitute University (CH); O. Paris, E. Schmid
`Institute of Material Science of Austrian Academy of Science, Leoben (A) ........................... 420
`
`IV Characterization and Simulation of Non-Oxide CMCs
`
`Anelastic Behaviour of Ceramic Matrix Composites During Cyclic Fatigue
`D. Rouby, O. Penas, P. Reynaud, Groupe d’~tudes de M~taIlurgie Physique et
`de Physique des MatOriaux UMR CNRS 5510, INSA de Lyon, Villeurbanne (F) .................. 429
`
`Carbon Fibre Reinforced CMCs: Manufacture, Properties, Oxidation Protection
`R. Weiss, Schunk Kohlenstoffiechnik GmbH, Heuchelheim (D) ............................................ 440
`
`Ultrasounds: an Essential Tool for Studying the Mechanical Behavior of CMCs
`J.-M. Morvan, S. Baste, Laboratoire de M~canique Physique, CNRS UMR 5469, ~cole
`MATMECA, Universit~ Bordeaux 1, TALENCE (F) .............................................................. 457
`Fracture Toughness of Thermally Shocked SiC-Fibre Reinforced Glass Matrix Composites
`Z. Chlup, L Dlouhfi, Institute of Physics of Materials ASCR, Brno (CZ); A. Boccaccini,
`
`Department of Materials, Imperial College, London (GB) .................................................... 463
`
`GE-1014.015
`
`

`
`XIV
`
`High Temperature Fracture Toughness of a C/SiC (CVI) Composite as Used for Screw
`Joints in Re-Entry Vehicles
`M. Kuntz, J. Horvath, G. Grathwohl, University of Bremen (D) ........................................... 469
`
`Notch Sensitivity of Woven Ceramic Matrix Composites under Tensile Loading - An
`Experimental, Analytical and Finite Element Study
`A. Haque, L. Ahmed, Tuskegee University Center for Advanced Materials,
`Tuskegee (USA) ...................................................................................................................... 474
`
`Self-Healing SiCk/SiC Composite Behaviour under High-Temperature Cyclic Fatigue in Air
`O. Penas, P. Reynaud D. Rouby, G. Fantozzi, Groupe d’Etudes de M~tallurgie
`Physique et de Physique des Mat~riaux, GEMPPM UMR CNRS 5510,
`INSA de Lyon (F) .................................................................................................................... 480
`
`Behavior of a 2.5D Woven Composite Material SiC/SiC
`L. Casas, M. Elizalde, J. Martinez-Esnaola, A. Martin-Meizoso, G. SeviIlano, CEIT (Centro
`de Estudios e Investigaciones T~cnicas de Gipuzkoa) and Escuela Superior de Ingenieros,
`TECNUN, University of Navarra, San Sebasti~n (E) ; E. Claxton,
`P. Doleman, Rolls-Royce plc, Derby (GB) ...... ¯ ....................................................................... 486
`
`CMC Creep Mechanism under Argon
`G. Boitier, J. Chermant, H. Cubero, S. Darzens, G. Farizy, J. Vicens, LERMAT,
`URA CNRS 1317, ISMRA, Caen (F); J. Sangleboeuf LARMOR, Bdt lOB, Universit~
`
`de Rennes 1 (F) ......................................................................................................................
`
`492
`
`Transient Creep Behavior in Enhanced SiC/SiC Composites
`S. Zhu, Y. Kagawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (J);
`J. Cao, M. Mizuno, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya (J) .............................................. 498
`
`Microstructural Investigations of Ceramic Matrix Composites by Raman Microspectroscopy
`G. Chollon, S. Le GaIlet, P. Forio, F. Rebillat, A. Guette, R. Naslain, Laboratoire des
`Composites Thermostructuraux, Pessac (F) ;
`J. Bruneel, M. Couzi, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Mol~culaire, Talence (F) ................. 504
`
`Damage Characterization of C/C-SiC-Ceramics
`B. Rehmer, J. Beckmann, M. Finn, S. Glaubitz, U. Miicke, G. Weidemann, Federal
`Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin (D) ...................................................... 511
`
`Phenomenological Investigations on C/C-SiC Specimens with NDT Methods
`R. Aoki, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Institute of Structures and Design,
`Stuttgart (D) ........................................................................................................................... 517
`
`Thermal Response and Oxidation Behavior of Si-Ti-C-O Fiber (TyrannoTM Lox-M)/
`Si-Ti-C-O Matrix Composites under High Enthalpy Convective Environment
`T. Ogasawara, T. Ishikawa, Advanced Composite Evaluation Technology Center
`(A CE-TeC), National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan ~AL), Tokyo (J) .............................
`
`524
`
`GE-1014.016
`
`

`
`XV
`
`The Role of Oxygen in Subcritical Crack Growth in SiC~SiCm Composites with Boron-
`Enhanced Matrices
`C. Lewinsohn, C. Henager Jr., R. Jones, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,
`Richland (USA)," L. Giannuzzi, University of Central Florida, Orlando (USA) .................... 531
`
`Corrosive Behaviour of Fibrous Hot Gas Filter in a Model Atmosphere and Dust for
`Refuse Incineration
`K. Suzuki, Nat. Ind. Res. Inst. Nagoya (J); K. Nakano, F. Takeda, Japan Ultra-high Temp.
`Mater. Res. Inst. (J); Y. Kanno, Yamanashi University (J) .................................................... 538
`
`A Constitutive Model for the Design of Fibrous Ceramic Matrix Composite Structures
`G. Camus, J. Pailh~s, J. Lamon, Laboratoire des Composites Structureaux,
`Pessac (F) ............................................................................................................................... 545
`
`Probabilistic-Statistical Approach to the Ultimate Failure of Ceramic Matrix Composites
`V. Calard, J. Lamon, Laboratoire des Composites Thermostructuraux, UMR 5801
`(CNRS-SNECMA-CEA-UB1), Pessac (F) .............................................................................. 551
`
`Damage Quantification of CMCs by Image Analysis
`G. Boitier, S. Darzens, L. Chermant, M. Coster, J-L. Chermant, LERMAT,
`URA CNRS 1317, ISMRA, Caen (F) ...................................................................................... 557
`
`Physically Based Failure Criteria for Long-Fibre Reinforced Ceramics
`W. Hufenbach, L. Kroll, A. Langkamp, J. H@ken, Institut fiir Leichtbau und
`Kunststofftechnik, Technische Universit~it Dresden, Dresden (D) ............................