4/14/2016
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`Pathology of non-small cell lung cancer. New diagnostic approaches. - PubMed - NCBI
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`Aootroot
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`Pathology of non-small cell lung cancer. New diagnostic approaches.
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`1990 Dec;4(5)=1027-51.
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`Linnoilo 51.
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`Author information
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`otooooot
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`Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) comprise 75% of all lung cancers and consist of three major
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`histologic types: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. The
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`histopathology of lung cancer appears to be changing: The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma
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`in the United States is declining, accompanied by the increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma.
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`Carcinoma of the lung is thought to arise from a pluripotent epithelial cell capable of expressing a
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`variety of phenotypes. Malignant transformation is the end result of multiple events involving the
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`growth control of bronchopulmonary epithelium. It is well known that squamous cell carcinomas are
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`preceded by many years of progressive mucosal changes including squamous metaplasia,
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`dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ. Premalignant changes associated with the other types of NSCLC
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`are less well understood. Recently characterized markers for peripheral ainlvay cell differentiation
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`and selected monoclonal antibodies may be helpful. It is conceivable to identify specific genetic
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`events at the cellular level using in situ hybridization or polymerase chain reaction. Biologic and
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`genetic studies have renewed the awareness of the pleomorphism of NSCLC. Potentially interesting
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`subsets include the following: (1) The expression of neuroendocrine (NE) markers has been
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`demonstrated in selected NSCLC (NSCLC-NE), mostly in adeno- and large cell carcinomas. (2) The
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`presence of K-ras mutations in surgically resected adenocarcinomas has been associated with
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`shortened survival times. (3) Also, the neu gene encoded protein p185 has been associated with a
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`more aggressive clinical course in adenocarcinomas. Further studies are needed to confirm such
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`results and correlate the findings with the current WHO NSCLC classification. Rapid validation of
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`relevant new diagnostic approaches is an enormous challenge. Although selected
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`immunohistochemical and molecular biologic techniques may work on routinely processed paraffin—
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`embedded material obtained from the pathology archives, many of the newest applications require
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`fresh or freshly frozen specimens from large numbers of patients with a computerized clinical data
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`base for adequate clinicopathologic correlations. Establishing such a resource is obviously a team
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`effort requiring close collaboration of the oncologist, pathologist, surgeon, and technicians.
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`4/14/2016
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`Pathology of non-small cell lung cancer. New diagnostic approaches. - PubMed - NCBI
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