`Lewis
`
`US006442169B1
`US 6,442,169 B1
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`(54) SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BYPASSING
`DATA FROM EGRESS FACILITIES
`
`(75) Inventor; Shawn M, Lewis, SQuthbQrQ, MA (US)
`
`(73) Assigneet Level 3 COmmllIliCatiOIlS, IIIQ,
`Bfoom?eld, CO (Us)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`.
`.
`patent is extended or adJusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/196,756
`(22) Filed;
`Nov_ 20, 1998
`
`7
`(51) Int. Cl. .......................... .. H04L 12/66; H04] 1/02;
`H04M 7/00; H04M 5/00
`(52) US. Cl. ..................... .. 370/401; 370/352; 370/354;
`370/493; 379/230; 379/265
`Fleld Of Search ............................... ..
`370/401’ 349’ 352’ 389’ 392’ 468; 379/221’
`219’ 215’ 211’ 230’ 265’ 266; 709/250;
`395/114
`
`(56)
`
`.
`References Clted
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`(List continued on next page.)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`EP
`EP
`
`0 789 470 A2
`0 794 650 A2
`0 797 373 A2
`
`8/1997
`9/1997
`9/1997
`
`......... .. HO4L/12/66
`H04M/3/50
`......... .. H04Q/11/04
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Patent Application No. 09/197,203, ?led Nov. 20, 1998;
`Speci?cation and Figures 1—71E from Voice Over Data
`Telecommunications Network Architecture, Isac K. Elliott
`et al., along With Preliminary Amendment ?led at the US.
`Patent and Trademark Of?ce on Sep. 17, 1999.
`gli/emidax A.dyanced Protocol Controllers APC_VMEX—
`us (visited Mar. 7, 1997) <html document under
`ha _//WWW adaX Com/ roductsb
`P'
`'
`'
`P
`'
`(List continued on next page.)
`
`Primary Examiner—Wellington Chin
`Assistant Examiner—M. Phan
`(74) Attorney) Agent) or Firm_sterne, Kessler, Goldstein
`& FOX P_L~L_C_
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`An Open architecture platform bypasses data from the facili_
`ties of a telecommunications carrier, eg an incumbent local
`exchange carrier, by distinguishing betWeen voice and data
`traffic, and handling voice and data traf?c separately. An SS7
`gateWay receives and transmits SS7 signaling messages With
`the platform. When signaling for a call arrives, the SS7
`gateWay informs a control server on the platform. The
`g‘ggml Server margages the platform resources’ inglg‘éing thg
`gateway’ tan em networ “C855 Servers (
`5) an
`modem NASs. A tandem NAS receives the call over bearer
`channels. The control server determines Whether the incom
`ing call is voice traf?c or data traf?c, by the dialed number,
`and instructs the tandem NAS hoW to handle the call. Voiced
`traffic is transmitted to a sWitch for transmission from the
`platform. Data traffic is terminated at a modem NAS, Where
`it is converted into a form suitable for a data network, such
`as a private data netWork or an Internet services provider
`(ISP). The converted data is sent by routers to the data
`netWork. The data netWork need not convert the data, as the
`function has ‘already been provided by the platform. In lieu
`of a conversion, the modems can create a tunnel (a virtual
`private netWork) betWeen a remote server and the data
`network
`
`(List continued on next page.)
`
`11 Claims, 24 Drawing Sheets
`
`[104
`102 /\<1oe M E0 AT
`
`
`
`
`
`400
`
`50
`
`OPEN
`ARCHITECTURE
`PLATFORM
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 1
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`
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`US 6,442,169 B1
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`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`
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`
`370/60 _ 370/85_4
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`
`6/1996 Henley et al. ........... .. 7/1996 Clooman et al. ........ .. 370/60.1
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`
`370/60
`6/1990 Keeney et al.
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`370/60
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`. 370/60.1
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`. 370/60.1
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`370/60
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`3/1992 Franklin et al. .
`. 370/94.1
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`370/110.1
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`370/94.1
`5,208,806 A
`5/1993 Hasegawa ................ .. 370/60.1
`5,218,602 A
`6/1993 Grant et al. ............. .. 370/58.2
`5,231,633 A
`7/1993 Hluchyj et al. ..
`. 370/94.1
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`. 370/94.1
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`. 370/60.1
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`. 370/85.4
`5,351,276 A
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`5,351,286 A
`9/1994 Nici .......................... .. 379/94
`5,353,283 A 10/1994 Tsuchiya .... ..
`370/60
`5,359,598 A 10/1994 Steagall et al. .......... .. 370/58.1
`5,365,521 A 11/1994 Ohnishi et al. ............. .. 370/60
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`1/1995 Kanno et al.
`. 370/94.1
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`1/1995 Shibayama et al. ......... .. 379/88
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`. 370/60.1
`5,384,840 A
`1/1995 Blatchford et al. ....... .. 379/229
`5,390,184 A
`2/1995 Morris .................... .. 370/94.2
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`3/1995
`370/60
`5,420,858 A
`5/1995 Marshall et al. ......... .. 370/60.1
`5,422,882 A
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`..
`5,426,636 A
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`5,428,616 A
`6/1995 Field et al.
`.
`5,430,719 A
`7/1995 Weisser, Jr. .............. .. 370/58.2
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`7/1995 Bowen et al.
`370/79
`5,438,614 A
`8/1995 RoZman et al .............. .. 379/93
`5,444,709 A
`8/1995 Riddle ..................... .. 370/94.1
`
`5,541,917 A
`5,544,161 A
`5,544,163 A
`5,544,164 A
`5,544,168 A
`
`7/1996 Farris ...................... .. 370/60.1
`8/1996 Bigharn et al. .......... .. 370/58.1
`8/1996 Madonna ..... ..
`370/60.1
`8/1996 Baran ...................... .. 370/60.1
`8/1996 Jeffrey et al. ............ .. 370/60.1
`
`. . . .. 370/29
`5,553,063 A
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`370/582
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`370/60.1
`5,570,355 A 10/1996 Dail et al. ...... ..
`.. 379/207
`5,572,583 A 11/1996 Wheeler et al. ..
`370/60.1
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`370/58.1
`5,579,308 A 11/1996 Humpelman
`379/114
`5,590,181 A 12/1996 Hogan et al. ..
`370/396
`5,592,477 A
`1/1997 Farris et al. ....... ..
`.... .. 379/93
`5,592,538 A
`1/1997 Kosowsky et al. ..
`370/401
`5,594,732 A
`1/1997 Bell et al. .......... ..
`370/399
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`2/1997 Sharma et al. .
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`5,602,991 A
`2/1997 Berteau ....... ..
`370/352
`5,604,737 A
`2/1997 IWami et al. ..
`379/100
`5,608,786 A
`3/1997 Gordon ....... ..
`. 395/20015
`5,613,069 A
`3/1997 Walker
`.. 379/60
`H1641 H
`4/1997 Sharman
`.. 370/60
`5,621,727 A
`4/1997 Vaudreuil .... ..
`379/93
`5,625,677 A
`4/1997 Feiertag et al.
`370/237
`5,631,897 A
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`379/115
`5,640,446 A
`6/1997 Everett et al.
`. 370/231
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`7/1997 Dickson
`. 370/355
`5,654,957 A
`8/1997 Koyama ..
`. 370/236
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`8/1997 Chan ........ ..
`. 370/496
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`8/1997 Bell et al.
`.. 379/10
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`370/401
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`1/1998 Brinkman et al.
`379/119
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`3/1998 SriniVasan ...... ..
`. 379/93.23
`5,729,544 A
`3/1998 LeV et al. ................. .. 370/352
`5,732,078 A
`3/1998 Arango ..................... .. 370/355
`5,737,320 A
`4/1998 Madonna ..... ..
`. 370/258
`5,737,331 A
`4/1998 Hoppal et al. ............ .. 370/349
`5,737,333 A
`4/1998 Civanlar et al. .......... .. 370/352
`5,740,164 A
`4/1998 Liron
`. 370/316
`5,740,231 A
`4/1998 Cohn et al. ................. .. 379/89
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`4/1998 BaratZ et al. ............. .. 370/356
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`5/1998 Land et al.
`..... .. 370/352
`5,751,968 A
`5/1998 Cohen ................. .. 395/20061
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`6/1998 Davis et al.
`370/271
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`6/1998 Shachar et al. ........ .. 379/93.09
`5,764,750 A
`6/1998 Chan et al. ............... .. 379/229
`5,764,756 A
`6/1998 OnWeller ..... ..
`379/242
`5,777,991 A
`7/1998 Adachi et al. ............ .. 370/352
`5,790,538 A
`8/1998 Sugar ....................... .. 370/352
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`8/1998 Penners et al.
`370/389
`5,793,771 A
`8/1998 Darland et al. ........... .. 370/467
`5,799,154 A
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`
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`US 6,442,169 B1
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`9/1998 Norris et a1. ............. .. 370/352
`5,805,587 A
`9/1998 Petersen ................... .. 370/356
`5,805,588 A
`9/1998 Byers et a1. .............. .. 370/395
`5,809,022 A
`5,809,128 A * 9/1998 McMullin
`.. 379/215
`5,812,534 A
`9/1998 Davis et a1. ..
`.. 370/260
`5,815,505 A
`9/1998 Mills ............... .. 370/522
`5,818,912 A 10/1998 Hammond
`.. 379/94.05
`5,825,771 A 10/1998 Cohen et a1. .
`.. 370/394
`5,828,666 A 10/1998 Focsaneanu et a1.
`.. 370/389
`5,838,665 A 11/1998 Kahn et a1. ....... ..
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`5,867,494 A
`2/1999 Krishnaswamy et a1.
`370/352
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`.. 370/352
`5,881,030 A
`3/1999 Morrow et a1.
`.. 370/337
`5,881,131 A * 3/1999 Farris et a1. ..
`379/27
`5,889,774 A
`3/1999 Mlrashra? eta
`.. 370/352
`5,915,008 A
`6/1999 Dulman ......... ..
`379/201
`5,922,047 A
`7/1999 Newlin et al.
`709/217
`5,933,490 A * 8/1999 White et a1. ..
`379/221
`5,954,799 A * 9/1999 Goheen et a1.
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`5,963,551 A 10/1999 Minko ...................... .. 370/356
`5,999,525 A * 12/1999 Krishnaswamy et a1.
`370/352
`6,009,469 A 12/1999 Mattaway et a1. ..
`.. 709/227
`6,026,083 A
`2/2000 Albrow et a1.
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`6,035,020 A * 3/2000 Weinstein et a1.
`379/93
`6,049,602 A * 4/2000 Foladare et a1. .
`.. 379/265
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`.. 395/114
`6,084,873 A
`7/2000 Russell et a1
`.. 370/352
`6,084,956 A * 7/2000 Turner et a1. .
`.. 379/230
`6,091,722 A
`7/2000 Russell et a1.
`.. 370/352
`6,125,113 A * 9/2000 Farris et a1. ..
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`6,134,235 A 10/2000 Goldman et a1.
`.. 370/352
`6,278,707 01
`8/2001 MacMillan et a1.
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`6,324,183 01
`11/2001 Miller et a1.
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`6,327,258 01
`12/2001 Deschaine et a1.
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`6,339,594 C1
`1/2002 Civanlar et al.
`370/352
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`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`9 824 298
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`10-23067
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`W0 98/12860 A1
`9/1998
`W0 98/39897 A1
`9/1998
`W0 98/42104 A1
`9/1998
`W0 98/42107 A1
`9/1998
`W0 98/42146 A2
`9/1998
`W0 98/47256 A2 10/1998
`W0 98/47256 A3 10/1998
`W0 98/51063 A1 11/1998
`
`......... .. H04Q/11/04
`......... .. GO6F/19/00
`
`......... .. H04L/12/28
`H04L/12/28
`H04Q/11/04
`HO4L/12/46
`H04M/11/00
`H04Q/11/04
`HO4L/12/64
`HO4M/11/06
`H04L/12/66
`HO4M/11/06
`HO4L/29/06
`HO4L/29/06
`. H04L/12/66
`.. H04M/7/00
`.. H04M/7/00
`.. H04M/3/00
`.. H04N/1/32
`. H04L/12/66
`. H04L/12/28
`.. H04M/3/42
`.. H04M/3/42
`.. H04M/3/42
`.. HO4M/1/64
`. H04L/12/28
`......... .. HO4L/29/06
`
`........... .. H04J/7/32
`H04I/7/32
`.......... .. H04M/3/42
`
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`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 5
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 1 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
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`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 15
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`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 15
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`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 11 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`1000
`/"
`
`f 1002
`
`Receive signaling information to set up data calls and
`voice calls from a calling party to 0 called party
`
`4
`1
`Convert signaling information into open architecture I O0
`protocol format
`
`Receive data calls and voice calls at an open
`architecture switch
`
`/ 1006
`
`Distinguish between data calls and voice calls
`
`Control network access devices using the open
`architecture protocol
`
`I 1008
`
`I 1010
`
`1012
`Terminate data calls to modems in network access /
`devices for conversion to a packetized data format for
`transmission to network nodes
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Transmit voice calls to a voice switch for transmission to /
`called party
`
`.
`
`.
`
`1014
`
`FIG. 10A
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 16
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 12 of 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`Originating caller gains access to
`LEC facility by taking phone off hook
`
`1018
`/
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Originating end office receives signaling information and /
`sends back dialtone
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`1020
`
`Originating caller dials
`access number of called party
`
`f 1022
`
`.
`1024
`LEC facilities perform table lookup and transmit call to /
`other facilities
`
`_
`LEC facilities perform table lookup and transmit call to
`open architecture switch
`
`f 1026
`
`SS7 gateway receives signaling information and
`transfers IAM information to control server
`
`1 28
`f 0
`
`FIG. 10B
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 17
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 13 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`1030
`
`No Is the call a data
`
`Yes
`
`1042
`f
`The call is determined to be a
`voice call, and transmitted to a
`voice switch
`
`1032
`f
`
`-
`-
`-
`The NAS buy gnlgifémed of “"5
`
`1034
`f
`The data call is time division
`multiplexed onto a modern
`connection
`
`1036
`f
`A modern converts the call from
`an analog signal to data
`packets
`
`1038
`f
`The open architecture platform
`performs acceptance handling
`of the call
`
`1040
`I
`The modem of the calling party
`and a modern on the NAS boy
`are connected
`
`Perform call / 1044
`teordown _when
`there is a
`hangup
`FIG. 10C
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 18
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 14 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`2.0:
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 19
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 15 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 20
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 16 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`NAS Side Inbound Call Handling
`
`1302
`
`1304
`
`1305
`
`1300
`
`’/
`
`1354
`
`1355
`
`R
`elease
`Gateway sends a
`(RCR)
`Channel Request
`Message to Protocol
`Control
`
`
`
`Protocol Control makes
`an Exception Handling
`Procedure Call
`to
`Resource Management
`
`
`
`
`
`Call Control sends a
`Call Rejected
`Primitive to Protocol
`Control
`
`1346
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Protocol Control sends
`a Release Channel
`Complete (ACR)
`Message to Gateway
`
`
`
`3 8
`
`1 4
`
`1350
`
`Gateway sends a Request
`Inbound Call Signal
`(RCSI)
`Message to Protocol Control
`
`Protocol Control sends an
`Incoming Call
`Indication
`Primitive to Call Control
`1352
`
`RCR
`
`1308
`
`1310
`
`Call
`Present
`
`Accept No
`Call?
`
`1 344
`
`Yes
`1312
`
`Call Control sends a Call
`Accepted Primitive to
`Protocol Control
`
`1314
`
`1340
`
`1342
`
`Protocol Control sends an
`Accept Inbound C0" setup
`(A501)
`to Gateway
`
`1338
`
`RCR
`
`1316
`Gateway sends a Release
`Channel Request
`(RCR)
`Message to Protocol
`Control
`1332
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Protocol Control makes
`an Exception Handling
`Procedure Call
`to
`Resource Management
`1334
`1336
`
`
`
`1318
`
`Received
`
`No
`
`1320
`
`1
`Yes
`
`1322
`
`Call Control sends a
`
`Connection Denied
`Primitive to Protocol
`contr01
`1324
`Call Control sends 0
`Call Answered
`Primitive to Protocol
`Control
`
`
`
`Protocol Control sends
`a Release Channel
`Complete (ACR)
`
`I(DU!U!G (D H-O C)OH-CDiC)
`1326
`
`
`Protocol Control sends
`
`
`0 Connect Inbound Call
`(answer) (CONI)
`to
`
`Gateway
`
`
`
`1328
`
`Call
`Active
`
`FIG. 13
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 21
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 21
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 17 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`1 400
`
`//
`
`NAS Side Exception Handling
`
`1402
`
`The system is in any
`state
`
`Gateway sends a release channel
`request message
`(RCR)
`to Protocol Control
`
`Protocol Control makes a stop timer
`procedure call
`to resource management
`
`Protocol Control sends a release
`indication primitive to call control
`
`Protocol Control sends a Release
`Channel complete (ACR) message to
`Gateway
`
`The system is in a null state
`
`FIG. 14A
`
`1 404
`
`1406
`
`1 408
`
`1410
`
`1412
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 22
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 22
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 18 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`// 1400
`
`NAS Side Exception Handling (cont)
`
`1414
`
`The system is in any
`state
`
`1416
`
`1418
`
`1420
`
`1422
`
`1424
`
`Call control sends a disconnect request
`primitive to Protocol Control
`
`Protocol Control sends a stop timer
`procedure call
`to resource management
`
`Protocol Control sends a release
`channel request
`(RCR) message to
`Gateway
`
`Protocol Control sends a start timer
`(Tl) procedure call
`to resource
`management
`
`System enters a release request state
`
`FIG. 14B
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 23
`
`Cisco Systems, Inc., EX 1146 Page 23
`
`
`
`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 27, 2002
`
`Sheet 19 0f 24
`
`US 6,442,169 B1
`
`NAS Side Release Request Handling
`
`If 1500
`
`The system is in a
`release request state
`
`1 502
`
`1504
`
`1528
`
`153