INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
`
`)45 4
`
`TELECOMMUNICATION
`STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
`OF ITU
`
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`)45 4Recommendation%(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:17)
`
`(Extract from the "LUE"OOK)
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 1
`
`

`
`NOTES
`
`ITU-T Recommendation E.131 was published in Fascicle II.2 of the Blue Book. This file is an extract from the
`1
`Blue Book. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the Blue Book version, the
`contents of the file are identical to the Blue Book version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below).
`
`In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a
`2
`telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.
`
`ª ITU 1988, 1993
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
`mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU.
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 2
`
`

`
`Recommendation E.131
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`SUBSCRIBER CONTROL PROCEDURES FOR SUPPLEMENTARY TELEPHONE SERVICES
`
`1
`
`General
`
`Many Administrations are planning to introduce supplementary telephone services which are likely to be viable
`1.1
`only if controlled by the user (a list of possible supplementary telephone services is given in Supplement No. 1 at the
`end of this fascicle). It is therefore necessary to consider means of providing users with procedures by which such
`control can be achieved. The purpose of this Recommendation is to prevent an undesirable proliferation, in various
`countries, of subscriber control procedures for such services. Descriptions are given below of three control procedures
`schemes now in use or in various stages of evolution. Guidelines are offered to Administrations planning to offer
`subscriber controlled supplementary services. Reference is made to Annex A for a glossary of terms used in this
`Recommendation.
`
`It is recognized that not all aspects of all supplementary services will affect the international telephone service,
`1.2
`but a degree of international coordination is considered necessary because:
`
`a)
`
`the same or similar supplementary services will exist on national and international networks; it is desirable
`to have similar control procedures for both applications;
`
`b) a supplementary service which is only national now may be international in the future; in that case changes
`in control procedures might be impossible or expensive;
`
`c)
`
`subscribers who travel or move will be less inconvenienced if control procedures for supplementary
`services do not change from one country to another;
`
`d) compatibility between control procedures for telephone services and simple parallel end-to-end data
`transmission is highly desirable, because the same telephone instrument is used in both cases;
`
`e)
`
`standardized control procedures make possible lower equipment and customer instruction costs.
`
`Access to individual services requires that the supplementary service numbering plan have a sufficient capacity
`1.3
`to meet all reasonable future needs; control of the services requires the ability to define functional requirements to the
`system.
`
`The introduction of push-button telephones providing signals in addition to the normal decimal range (0-9)
`offers a means of providing the necessary function signals. Since the 12-button instrument is likely to be used by most
`subscribers, only two additional non-numerical signals will be available for control purposes. Study therefore has been
`directed towards evolving schemes for control procedures which are acceptable both from the human factors and
`technical aspects and do not require more than two non-numerical signals.
`
`The same push-button telephone set that is used in dedicated telephone networks may be used as a subscriber
`1.4
`instrument in service integrated networks. It is desirable that in this case the control procedures for a given
`supplementary telephone service still apply.
`
`Where the normal 12-button telephone set is also used for services other than telephony, e.g. for data, video-
`telephone, etc., the control procedures used for these services should be compatible with the control procedures used
`for supplementary telephone services.
`
`2
`
`Schemes for control procedures
`
`Recognizing that:
`the CCITT has not as yet recommended a unique scheme of subscriber control procedures for
`supplementary telephone services;
`the CCITT is still studying such control procedures;
`
`further proliferation of schemes is undesirable because this would result in subscriber confusion, less
`efficient use of the telephone network and might make it more difficult to work towards an optimum
`scheme;
`
`it is recommended that:
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`1
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 3
`
`-
`-
`-
`

`
`Administrations contemplating the introduction of services which require new control procedures join
`actively with the ongoing study;
`Administrations wishing to adopt a scheme of subscriber control procedures should apply one of those
`detailed below to the maximum extent feasible rather than establish a new scheme.
`
`3
`
`Description and analysis of code schemes for supplementary telephone services
`
`3.1
`
`General
`
`3.1.1 Three code schemes for supplementary telephone services, currently in use or under study will be briefly
`described and analyzed. They are:
`
`1) AT&T code scheme (USA);
`
`2) CEPT code scheme (Europe);
`
`3) NTT code scheme (Japan).
`
`It is intended that Recommendation E.131 should be reviewed when experience of the three code schemes is
`3.1.2
`available. It may then be possible to determine if one of them, or perhaps a fourth which incorporates the best features
`of all three, is to be prefered.
`
`3.1.3 These schemes are still evolving and are liable to changes in details as study progresses or experience is gained.
`The information presented is an outline only and presents the position at a point in time when the Recommendation is
`published. Administrations considering the implementation of supplementary services requiring control procedures
`should approach the appropriate Administration or authority to seek detailed and up-to-date information.
`
`3.2
`
`Description of the code schemes
`
`3.2.1 The information sent by the subscriber to the exchange for the control of a service is made up of a number of
`basic functional elements, some or all of which may appear explicitly in a particular message. These basic functional
`elements are (see the glossary in Annex A):
`
`1) mode or type of communication identification,
`
`2)
`
`3)
`
`4)
`
`5)
`
` access to supplementary services,
`
`service identification,
`
`function identification,
`
`supplementary information,
`
`6) block separation,
`
`7) message suffix.
`
`3.2.2 The mode or type of communication identification element is unlikely to be used for telephone services and
`allocation of codes for this purpose within these schemes is tentative. This element is therefore excluded from
`consideration for the present.
`
`3.2.3 The main differences between the three code schemes are in the methods used to encode the various functional
`elements and the order in which they must be presented. In all code schemes a separate code is used for the dialling of
`abbreviated numbers.
`
`3.2.4 For each of the three code schemes, Table 1/E.131 gives the format of the information sent by the subscriber to
`the exchange:
`
`i) without supplementary information,
`
`ii) with one block of supplementary information,
`
`iii) for the dialling of abbreviated numbers.
`
`2
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 4
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`
`In the Table 1/E.131, the digits below each message identify the functional elements as listed in § 3.2.1 above.
`
`(#)
`7
`
`# 7
`
`SI
`5
`
`(#)
`7
`
`SI
`5
`
`SI
`5
`
`(#)
`7
`
`(*)
`6
`
`SDT
`
`# 7
`
`* f
`6
`
`(SDT N)
`4
`
`(SDT N)
`4
`
`TABLE 1/E.131
`
`* or 11
` 2
`
`* or 11
`2 and 4
`
`N(N)
`
`* or #
`2 and 4
`* or #
`2 and 4
`
`i)
`
`ii)
`
`Information
`Element No.
`
`Information
`Element No.
`
`iii) Abbreviated dialing
`
`i)
`
`ii)
`
`Information
`Element No.
`
`Information
`Element No.
`
`iii) Abbreviated dialling
`or
`
`N(N)
` * *
`
`AT&T
`
`CEPT
`
`NTT
`
`i)
`
`ii)
`
`Information
`Element No.
`
`Information
`Element No.
`
`iii) Abbreviated dialing
`
`For f
`
`, see § 3.2.5 (element 6, CEPT).
`
`1 or #
`2
`1 or #
`2
`
`*
`
`NN
`3 and 4
`
`NN
`3 and 4
`(#)
`
`NN(N)
`3
`
`NN(N)
`3
`#
`N(N)
`
`NN
`3
`
`NN
`3
`
`NN
`
`The symbols used in Table 1/E.131 are as follows:
`
`N
`
`SI
`
`SDT
`
`(...)
`
`*
`#
`
`=
`
`=
`
`=
`
`=
`
`=
`
`=
`
`a digit;
`
`supplementary information;
`
`second dial tone;
`
`not always used. For detailed explanations, see § 3.2.5 below;
`
`“star” button of telephone set as defined in Recommendation E.161;
`
`“square” button of telephone set as defined in Recommendation E.161.
`
`3.2.5
`
`In the three code schemes the basic functional elements are realized in the following way:
`
`Access to supplementary services (element 2)
`
`AT&T:
`
`CEPT:
`
` access prefix *. (Customers are permitted to dial the digits 11 in place of *.)
` service code prefix * or #.
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`3
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 5
`
`

`
`NTT:
`
`prefix digit 1 for services available from both dial and push-button telephones, prefix # for services
`available from push-button telephones only.
`
`Service identification (element 3)
`
`AT&T:
`
`a two-digit service code that is also used to indicate the function: codes 72-79.
`
`CEPT:
`
`two-digit (or exceptionally, three digit) service codes beginning with 1-9 and 0 are reserved for CEPT
`allocation in both PABX and public exchange fields.
`
`NTT:
`
`two-digit service codes.
`
`Function identification (element 4)
`
`AT&T:
`
`the function is expressed in the service code, different functions for the same service use consecutive
`codes.
`
`CEPT:
`
`NTT:
`
`service code prefix *: activation and registration;
`service code prefix #: deactivation and erasure.
`a numerical function code that is only required for certain services. (If a function code is needed, the
`subscriber is informed by means of a dial tone).
`
`0 = deactivation,
`
`1 = activation,
`
`2 = registration.
`
`Block separation (element 6)
`
`AT&T:
`
`no block separation required.
`
`CEPT:
`
`the standard CEPT control procedure will assume the use of a block separator * after the service
`code and between blocks of supplementary information. As a national option, the deletion of the
`block separator after the service code is allowed; however, if in this case the subscriber dials a block
`separator after the service code, the exchange should accept the message.
`
`NTT:
`
`the block separator * may be used between the function code and the first block of supplementary
`information, and between successive blocks of supplementary information for push-button telephones
`only.
`
`AT&T:
`
`Message suffix (element 7)
`the message suffix # may be replaced by a time-out.
`the message suffix # is mandatory.
`the message suffix # is used for push-button telephones only.
`
`CEPT:
`
`NTT:
`
`Abbreviated dialling
`
`AT&T:
`abbreviated numbers: 2-9 and 20-49 available.
`CEPT: N(N) # abbreviated numbers: 0-9 and 00-99 available;
`
`**N(N) abbreviated numbers: 0-9 or 00-99 available.
`abbreviated numbers: 00-99 available.
`
`NTT:
`
`3.3
`
`Features of each of the code schemes
`
`The features of each of the code schemes compared with one or both of the other two are given below.
`
`3.3.1 AT&T code scheme
`
`1) The * symbol is used for access to supplementary services.
`
`4
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 6
`
`

`
`2) Control procedures from rotary dial and push-button telephones are compatible.
`
`3) The messages sent by the subscriber to the exchange are short.
`
`4) Some two-digit codes have been reserved so as to permit three- digit (or longer) service codes to be
`introduced in the future without changes in the existing service codes.
`
`5) The message suffix is not essential.
`
`6) One, two and more digit abbreviated numbers are possible without the need to use different initial digits.
`
`3.3.2 CEPT code scheme
`
`1) When only prefixes are used, the telephone numbering plan is not influenced by the code scheme for
`supplementary services.
`
`2) When only prefixes are used, exchange logic is simplified.
`
`3) When only prefixes are used, the use of similar control procedures in PABXs and the public network is
`facilitated.
`
`4) The abbreviated dialling numbering plan is divorced from the service code numbering plan and does not
`impose restrictions on it.
`
`5) The service code remains the same irrespective of the function required.
`
`6) Each important function is defined by a unique prefix.
`
`7) Other prefixes are available for new service functions.
`
`8) A mandatory message suffix avoids the need for time-out, fixed message length or complex programming.
`
`9) When the message suffix method for abbreviated dialling is used, one, two and more digit abbreviated
`numbers are possible without the need to use different initial digits.
`
`3.3.3 NTT code scheme
`
`1) The use of a prefix simplifies exchange logic.
`
`2) The use of a prefix facilitates the use of similar control procedures in PABXs and the public network.
`
`3) Other prefixes are available for future use.
`
`4) A measure of compatibility between the control procedures from rotary dial and push-button telephones is
`possible.
`
`5) The abbreviated dialling numbering plan is divorced from the service code numbering plan and does not
`impose restrictions on it.
`
`6) The service code remains the same irrespective of the function required.
`
`7) Each important function is defined by a unique function code.
`
`8) Ten function codes are available.
`
`9) Allocating a function code after a service code makes it possible to separate basic switching functions from
`supplementary service processing functions. This facilitates the application of new services to an existing
`old-type exchange.
`
`10) The control procedures are similar to the control procedures in the NTT end-to-end communication
`services.
`
`11) The function code can be deleted if not required.
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`5
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 7
`
`

`
`ANNEX A
`
`(to Recommendation E.131)
`
`Glossary of terms
`
`This glossary gives the meanings currently allocated to various terms to facilitate the study and evaluation of
`control procedures. They are subject to review as the code schemes evolve.
`
`A.1
`
`supplementary telephone service
`
`F: service téléphonique supplémentaire
`
`S: servicio telefónico suplementario
`
`Any service provided by the telephone network in addition to the fundamental telephone service.
`
`A.2
`
`control procedure
`
`F:
`
`S:
`
`procédure de commande
`
`procedimiento de control
`
`A method in which information is exchanged in a predetermined forward order and backward order between
`subscriber and exchange to effect control of a service.
`
`A.3
`
`command
`
`F: commande
`
`S:
`
`instrucción (de control)
`
`A single specific manipulation at the subscriber set causing transmission of a signal which specifically indicates
`the manipulation to the exchange. For certain control procedures either one single command or a succession of
`commands are required.
`
`A.4
`
`character
`
`F: caractère
`
`S: carácter
`
`A single specific symbol, number or letter used to designate the diallable signal caused by a command.
`
`A.5 message
`
`F: message
`
`S: mensaje
`
`A defined entity of information from the subscriber to the exchange pertaining to a call or a control operation
`for a service sent in one sequence over the signalling medium. A message may consist of one or more characters
`transmitted in one or more blocks.
`
`A.6
`
`code
`
`F: code
`
`S: código
`
`One character or a sequence of characters forming a part, or the whole, of a message with a specific meaning.
`
`A.7 mode or type of communication identification
`
`F: identification du type ou du mode de la communication
`
`6
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 8
`
`

`
`S:
`
`identificación del tipo o del modo de la communicación
`
`Information used to give an instruction to the switching equipment to select the required network or mode of
`communication, for example in the use of a multifunction terminal (video-telephone, 48 kbit/s wideband switched-
`network service, etc.).
`
`A.8
`
`access to supplementary services
`
`F: accès aux services supplémentaires
`
`S: acceso a servicios suplementarios
`
`Information used to instruct the switching equipment that the associated information relates to a supplementary
`
`service.
`
`A.9
`
`service identification
`
`F: identification de service
`
`S:
`
`identificación de servicio
`
`Information designating a supplementary service.
`
`A.10
`
`function identification
`
`F: identification de fonction
`
`S:
`
`identificación de función
`
`Information indicating the type or types of process to be applied to the service.
`
`A.11
`
`block separation
`
`F: séparation des blocs
`
`S: separación de bloques
`
`Information indicating that the next character is the first character of a block of supplementary information.
`
`A.12
`
`supplementary information
`
`F: information supplémentaire
`
`S:
`
`información suplementaria
`
`Any information, except the mode or type of communication identification, access to supplementary services,
`service identification, function identification, block separation and message suffix, which is required to be sent by the
`subscriber to the exchange for the performance of a control operation. The supplementary information may consist of
`one or more blocks.
`
`A.13
`
`service code
`
`F: code de service
`
`S: código de servicio
`
`A numerical code designating a supplementary service.
`
`A.14
`
`service code prefix
`
`F: préfixe de code de service
`
`S: prefijo de código de servicio
`
`A non-numerical code preceding the service code and indicating the type or types of process to be applied to
`the service.
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`7
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`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 9
`
`

`
`A.15
`
`function code
`
`F: code de fonction
`
`S: código de función
`
`A code indicating the type or types of process to be applied to the service.
`
`A.16
`
`block separator
`
`F: séparateur de blocs
`
`S: separador de bloques
`
`The character indicating that the next character is the first of a block of supplementary information.
`
`A.17 message suffix
`
`F: suffixe de message
`
`S: sufijo de mensaje
`
`The character indicating the end of the message.
`
`A.18
`
`abbreviated number
`
`F: numéro abrégé
`
`S: número abreviado
`
`The numerical code sent by a caller using the Abbreviated Dialling Service which identifies the telephone
`number of the party to whom he wishes to be connected.
`
`A.19
`
`abbreviated dialling prefix
`
`F: préfixe de numérotation abrégée
`
`S: prefijo de marcación abreviada
`
`The non-numerical code indicating that the information following is an abbreviated number.
`
`ANNEX B
`
`(to Recommendation E.131)
`
`During the Study Period 1977-80, an international laboratory experiment comparing subscriber performance
`using two of the recommended code schemes and a previous code scheme of AT&T, which was defined in Volume II.2
`of the Orange Book, was carried out under the auspices of Working Party II/2 (Human Factors). The experiment was
`conducted in five countries, Canada, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. In the
`experiment, a sample of subscribers were brought into the laboratory and asked to carry out a number of tasks
`involving the use of three supplementary services. These tasks were carried out using a pushbutton telephone
`connected to a simulated telephone exchange. A different group of subscribers was tested using each of the code
`schemes. Errors committed while carrying out the tasks and the time required to complete them were recorded.
`
`The results of this experiment revealed that there are no large differences in subscriber performance using the
`three code schemes. The experimental results did, however, reveal rather large differences among tasks. Those tasks
`that required entry of supplementary information blocks produced higher error rates. This suggests that guidance
`annoucements may be required to help subscribers at each step in complex control procedures. However, it should be
`pointed out that prior to carrying out the tasks only a brief explanation of the required manipulations was given. It
`would be desirable for experienced users to be able to override guidance announcements by dialling. One particular
`task, ordering an alarm call, produced quite high error rates in the entry of the time of day. These errors resulted from
`the use of a 24 hours clock format for entry of this information. This result suggests that a specific positive recorded
`announcement with supplementary information may be required to give the subscriber feedback on this point.
`
`8
`
`Fascicle II.2 - Rec. E.131
`
`CISCO SYSTEMS, INC. Ex. 1145 Page 10