`571-272-7822
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` Paper 15
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` Entered: December 15, 2016
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`____________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`____________
`
`CANON INC., CANON U.S.A., INC.,
`CANON FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC., FUJIFILM CORPORATION,
`FUJIFILM HOLDINGS AMERICA CORPORATION,
`FUJIFILM NORTH AMERICA CORPORATION, JVC KENWOOD
`CORPORATION, JVCKENWOOD USA CORPORATION,
`NIKON CORPORATION, NIKON INC., OLYMPUS CORPORATION,
`OLYMPUS AMERICA INC., PANASONIC CORPORATION,
`PANASONIC CORPORATION OF NORTH AMERICA,
`SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD., and
`SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS AMERICA, INC.,
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`PAPST LICENSING GMBH & CO. KG,
`Patent Owner.
`____________
`
`Case IPR2016-01206
`Patent 8,504,746 B2
`____________
`
`Before JONI Y. CHANG, JENNIFER S. BISK, and
`MIRIAM L. QUINN, Administrative Patent Judges.
`
`BISK, Administrative Patent Judge.
`
`
`DECISION
`Denying Institution of Inter Partes Review
`37 C.F.R. § 42.108
`
`
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`
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`Case IPR2016-01206
`Patent 8,504,746 B2
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`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`Petitioner, listed above, filed a Petition requesting inter partes review
`
`of claims 1–18, 23, 25, 29–31, 34, and 35 (“the challenged claims”)1 of
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`U.S. Patent No. 8,504,746 B2 (Ex. 1101, “the ’746 patent”). Paper 9
`
`(“Pet.”). Patent Owner, Papst Licensing GmbH & Co., KG, filed a
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`Preliminary Response. Paper 14 (“Prelim. Resp.”).
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`For the reasons that follow, we do not institute an inter partes review
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`as to any of the challenged claims.
`
`A. Related Matters
`
`The parties indicate that the ’746 patent is involved in Papst Licensing
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`GmbH & Co. KG v. Canon Inc., Case No. 1:15-cv-01692 (D.D.C.) and other
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`proceedings. Pet. 11–13; Paper 12, 1–3. This patent has also been
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`challenged in several other petitions for inter partes review. Pet. 13; Paper
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`12, 1.
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`B. The ’746 Patent
`
`The ’746 patent describes an interface device for communication
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`between a computer host device and a data transmit/receive device (e.g., a
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`multi-meter, transmitting measured data to a computer). Ex. 1101, 1:20–22,
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`1:56–59. According to the ’746 patent, using a specific driver to match very
`
`
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`1 Page 4 of the Petition indicates that claims 1–31, 34, and 35 are challenged.
`Only claims 1–18, 23, 25, 29–31, 34, and 35 are included in the enumerated
`grounds (id. at 7) and the analysis (id. at 27–76). We consider the claims
`listing on page 4 to be a typo and consider only claims 1–18, 23, 25, 29–31,
`34, and 35 as challenged in this Petition.
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`closely to an individual host system would achieve high data transfer rates
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`across the interface, but the specific driver cannot be used with other host
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`systems. Id. at 2:6–21. Several solutions to this problem were known in the
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`art. Id. at 2:22–3:24. For example, IOtech introduced an interface device
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`for laptops, using a plug-in card for converting the personal computer
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`memory card association (PCMCIA) interface into a known standard
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`interface (IEEE 1284). Id. at 2:25–30. The plug-in card provided a printer
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`interface for enhancing data transfer rates. Id. at 2:30–34. In another
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`example, a floppy disk drive interface was used for connecting a host device
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`to a peripheral device. Id. at 3:10–14. The interface appeared as floppy disk
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`drive to the host, allowing a floppy disk drive and another peripheral device
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`to be connected to the host device. Id. at 3:17–19.
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`The ’746 patent indicates that the “invention is based on the finding
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`that both a high data transfer rate and host device-independent use can be
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`achieved if a driver for an input/output device customary in a host device” is
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`utilized. Id. at 3:33–37. Figure 1 of the ’746 patent, reproduced below,
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`illustrates a block diagram of an interface device.
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`As shown in Figure 1 above, interface device 10 connects to a host
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`device via host line 11, and to a data transmit/receive device via output line
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`16. Id. at 4:59–5:10. Interface device 10 includes first connecting device
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`12, second connecting device 15, digital signal processor 13, and memory
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`means 14. Id. In a preferred embodiment, the interface device is attached to
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`a host device via a multi-purpose interface—e.g., a small computer systems
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`interface (SCSI) interface—which includes both an interface card and
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`specific driver software for the interface card. Id. at 3:49–55, 8:37–41.
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`According to the ’746 patent, SCSI interfaces were known to be present on
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`most host devices or laptops. Id. at 8:37–41. By using a standard interface
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`of a host device and by simulating an input/output device to the host device,
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`the interface device “is automatically supported by all known host systems
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`without any additional sophisticated driver software.” Id. at 11:29–35.
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`C. Prosecution History
`
`The ’746 patent issued from U.S. Application No. 12/891,443 (“the
`
`’443 Application”). Ex. 1101, [21]. The ’443 Application itself is a
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`continuation of US. Application No. 11/928,283, which in turn is a
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`continuation of U.S. Application No. 11/467, 073 (“the ’073 Application”),
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`filed on August 24, 2006. The ’443 Application was filed September 27,
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`2010, while the ’073 application was still being prosecuted. Ex. 1101, [22];
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`Ex. 2005. Both applications were examined by the same Examiner. Ex.
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`1101; Ex. 2005.
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`On August 24, 2006, the same day the ’073 Application was filed and
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`several years before the ’443 patent was filed, the applicant filed a
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`preliminary amendment with remarks explicitly distinguishing the claims
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`over Murata. Ex. 2008. Specifically, the applicant explained that “[a]ll of
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`the claims presented in this preliminary amendment generally require that
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`the ADGPD send a response signal that allows a PC to automatically and
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`without user intervention recognize that it can communicate with the
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`ADGPD as if it were a commercially available mass storage device.” Id. at
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`12. The applicant added:
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`As one example [Murata] does not teach or suggest, for example,
`the above-noted “automatic recognition” feature because, for
`example, the system disclosed therein is UNIX based. As readily
`apparent to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art, such UNIX
`based systems affirmatively require user intervention in order to
`operate and use the scanner disclosed in [Murata].
`
`Id. at 13.
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`Murata was discussed at least two subsequent times in supplemental
`
`preliminary amendments dated July 17, 2007 and December 18, 2007—both
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`before the filing of the ’443 Application. Ex. 2009, 10 (“The scanner related
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`references (e.g., [Murata]) also require user intervention of some sort to
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`allow scanned images to be transferred over to a personal computer.”); Ex.
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`1125, 8–9 (“Murata does not, for example, teach or suggest structure that
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`corresponds to the above-described claim feature. In direct contrast to the
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`claimed subject matter, all devices disclosed in the ’821 patent affirmatively
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`require intervention in order to cause the PC to understand how to
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`communicate with the scanner disclosed in the patent.”). The remarks
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`accompanying the December 18, 2007 amendment detailed the differences
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`between Murata and the presented claims as follows:
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`Column 4, lines 20–35 of [Murata] state that an “mkfs” or
`“newfs” UNIX command must be executed before the scanner
`can be recognized. These commands are operating system
`commands, and have to be entered by the user or be embedded
`in an application program running on a workstation to which the
`’821 patent scanner is connected. The commands require
`parameters to be given, including at least mkfs i-node
`device_name. This means that, for example, the user has to enter
`the node at which the file system is to be made and the device
`name (associated with the device file and driver in the system).
`These parameter values are not standard and may differ
`according
`to
`the actual hardware configuration of
`the
`workstation. If these commands are embedded in an application
`program, the application program can only be successfully run
`on different workstations if there is an appropriate means for
`entering the parameters by the user.
`As readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the relevant
`the UNIX operating system of [Murata] does not
`art,
`automatically recognize devices, nor does it perform data
`transmission with a device even though the device may emulate
`the UNIX file system. Detailed operator instructions or an
`application program containing the embedded instructions is
`required to administer and coordinate the data exchange
`described in [Murata]. For this reason alone, for example, the
`new claims should be found to be patentable over the ’821 patent.
`
`Ex. 1125, 9.
`
`On August 13, 2009, again, before the filing of the ’443 Application,
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`the applicant amended its proposed claims, including changing several
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`instances of the term “user” to “end user.” Ex. 2010.2 The applicant
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`
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`2 Although Petitioner refers to this amendment in its arguments (Pet. 9, 66,
`n.3), it does not refer to, nor can we find, any Petitioner exhibit containing
`this amendment.
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`explained that “additional limitations have been added into all of the new
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`claims to further clarify the differences between them and the prior art,”
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`including “the multi-use automatic processor feature has been clarified.” Id.
`
`at 25. Specifically, the applicant argued that “[t]he no-user loaded file
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`transfer enabling software requirement ‘regardless of the identity of the
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`manufacturer’ of the new claims stands in direct contrast to, for example,
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`Hashimoto’s digital still camera, the Smith/Ristelhueber peripherals, and
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`Kerigan’s ‘camera type peripheral device,’ all of which require user-loaded
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`software.” Id. at 26.
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`The ’073 Application issued as the ’144 patent on February 24, 2015.
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`The ’443 Application issued as the ’746 patent on August 6, 2013.
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`D. Illustrative Claim
`
`Of the challenged claims, claims 1, 31, and 34 are independent.
`
`Claims 2–18, 23, 25, 29, and 30 depend directly or indirectly from claim 1,
`
`and claim 35 depends directly from claim 34. Claim 1 is illustrative:
`
`1. An analog data acquisition device operatively connectable to
`a computer through a multipurpose interface of the computer, the
`computer having an operating system programmed so that, when
`the computer receives a signal from the device through said
`multipurpose interface of the computer indicative of a class of
`devices, the computer automatically activates a device driver
`corresponding to the class of devices for allowing the transfer of
`data between the device and the operating system of the
`computer, the analog data acquisition device comprising:
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`a) a program memory;
`
`b) an analog signal acquisition channel for receiving a signal
`from an analog source;
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`c) a processor operatively interfaced with the multipurpose
`interface of the computer, the program memory, and a data
`storage memory when the analog data acquisition device is
`operational;
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`d) wherein the processor is configured and programmed to
`implement a data generation process by which analog data is
`acquired from the analog signal acquisition channel, the analog
`data is processed and digitized, and the processed and digitized
`analog data is stored in a file system of the data storage memory
`as at least one file of digitized analog data;
`
`e) wherein when the analog acquisition device is operatively
`interfaced with the multipurpose interface of the computer, the
`processor executes at least one instruction set stored in the
`program memory and thereby automatically causes at least one
`parameter indicative of the class of devices to be sent to the
`computer through the multi-purpose interface of the computer,
`independent of the analog source, wherein the analog data
`acquisition device is not within the class of devices; and
`
`f) wherein the processor is further configured and programmed
`to execute at least one other instruction set stored in the program
`memory to thereby allow the at least one file of digitized analog
`data acquired from the analog signal acquisition channel to be
`transferred to the computer using the device driver corresponding
`to said class of devices so that the analog data acquisition device
`appears to the computer as if it were a device of the class of
`devices;
`
`whereby there is no requirement for any user-loaded file transfer
`enabling software to be loaded on or installed in the computer in
`addition to the operating system.
`
`Ex. 1101, 11:48–12:26.
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`E. Prior Art Relied Upon
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`
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`Petitioner relies upon the prior art references listed below.
`
`Murata
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`
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`US 5,508,821
`
`Apr. 16, 1996
`
`(Ex. 1102)
`
`AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, INC., AMERICAN
`NATIONAL STANDARD FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS – SMALL COMPUTER
`SYSTEM INTERFACE-2, ANSI X3.131-1994 (1994) (Ex. 1105, “the SCSI
`Specification”).
`
`MS-DOS® ENCYCLOPEDIA (Ray Duncan ed., 1988) (Ex. 1107, “the
`DOS Reference”).
`
`FRANK G. FIAMINGO, UNIX® SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION (1996) (EX.
`1108, “the UNIX-A Reference).
`
`FRISCH, ESSENTIAL SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION (2d ed. 1995) (EX. 1110,
`“the UNIX-B Reference).
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`MCKUSICK, ET. AL, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 4.4BSD
`OPERATING SYSTEM (1996) (EX. 1111, “the UNIX-C Reference).
`
`Huot
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`
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`US 5,731,834
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`Mar. 24, 1998
`
`(Ex. 1112)
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`JP H5-344283
`
`Takahashi
`(English translation, “Takahashi”).
`
`Dec. 24, 1993
`
`(Ex. 1113)3
`
`Muramatsu
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`US 5,592,256
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`Jan. 7, 1997
`
`(Ex. 1114)
`
`Admitted Prior Art (see, e.g., Ex. 1101, 1:28–55, 3:36–45, 4:17–20,
`5:8–11, 5:18–20, 5:34–44, 8:39–41, 10:20–34).
`
`
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`3 The original, Japanese, version of Takahashi is appended to the end of Ex.
`1113. Citations to Takahashi are to the English translation (Ex. 1113, 1–25).
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`F. Asserted Grounds of Unpatentability
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`Petitioner asserts the following grounds of unpatentability (Pet. 7)4:
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`Challenged Claims
`
`Basis
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`Reference(s)
`
`1–3, 6–9, 14, 15, 17, 18,
`25, 30, 31, 34, and 35
`
`§ 102(b) Murata
`
`1–3, 6–9, 13–18, 25, 29–
`31, 34, and 35
`
`§ 103(a)
`
`Murata, the SCSI Specification,
`the DOS Reference, the UNIX-A
`Reference, the UNIX-B
`Reference, the UNIX-C
`Reference, and the Admitted
`Prior Art
`
`4 and 12
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`§ 103(a) Murata and Huot
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`5 and 11
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`§ 103(a) Murata, Takahashi, and Huot
`
`10 and 35
`
`§ 103(a) Murata and Takahashi
`
`23
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`§ 103(a) Murata and Muramatsu
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`II. ANALYSIS
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`Petitioner asserts that claims 1–3, 6–9, 14, 15, 17, 18, 25, 30, 31, 34,
`
`and 35 are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) as anticipated by Murata.
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`
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`4 Because the claims at issue have a filing date prior to March 16, 2013, the
`effective date of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, Pub. L. No. 112-29,
`125 Stat. 284 (2011) (“AIA”), we apply the pre-AIA version of 35 U.S.C.
`§§ 102 and 103 in this Decision.
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`Pet. 7, 27–52, 55–76. In addition, Petitioner addresses those same claims,
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`along with claims 13, 16, and 29, stating “the teachings of the Admitted Art
`
`and the Basic SCSI/DOS/UNIX References are directly relevant to the file
`
`system and interface used by Murata’s scanner and would have provided
`
`teaching and motivation to a POSITA to arrive at the claimed invention (to
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`the extent the details are not implicit and/or inherent in Murata alone).” Id.
`
`at 45; see also id. at 27–51, 59–62, 72–73. Petitioner also challenges (1)
`
`claims 4 and 12 as obvious over Murata combined with Huot (id. at 7, 52–
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`53), (2) claims 5 and 11 as obvious over Murata, Takahashi, and Huot (id. at
`
`7, 53–55), (3) claims 10 and 35 as obvious over Murata and Takahashi (id. at
`
`7, 58–59, 75–76), and (4) claim 23 as obvious over Murata and Muramatsu
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`(id. at 7, 71–72).
`
`Patent Owner urges that we reject this Petition under 35 U.S.C.
`
`§ 325(d) because Murata was explicitly addressed during the prosecution
`
`history of the ’144 patent, an ancestor to the ’746 patent.
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`For the reasons discussed below, we agree with Patent Owner and
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`decline to institute inter partes review on any of the grounds raised in this
`
`Petition.
`
`A. Overview of Murata
`
`Murata discloses an image scanner used with an external host
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`computer. Ex. 1102, Abs. According to Murata, the image scanner includes
`
`an optical system and CCD image sensor for reading an image of a
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`document, a SCSI interface for connecting the image scanner to the external
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`host, a CPU, a nonvolatile memory, and a “SCSI controller etc. for
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`emulating a file system contained in the external host computer.” Id. An
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`object of Murata is “to provide an improved image handling apparatus . . .
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`which requires no preparation of any new device driver.” Id. at 1:58–61.
`
`Murata explains that “[b]ecause an operating system of a computer
`
`constructs a file system in a hard disc, there invariably exists a device driver
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`for the hard disc.” Id. at 2:5–7. Moreover, because Murata’s image scanner
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`includes a file system emulation means, control of the image scanner or
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`transfer of image data “can be carried out using the device driver for existing
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`hard discs” meaning “it is not necessary to prepare the device driver for each
`
`type of computer if the file system of the computer is the same.” Id. at 2:12–
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`21. In short, the image scanner “can be connected to any one of various
`
`types of computers having the same file system, e.g. any one of all
`
`computers having software called the ‘UNIX’ as an operating system.” Id.
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`at 18–26.
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`B. Arguments
`
`Petitioner describes the prosecution history of the ’746 patent, but
`
`does not specifically address the discussion of Murata in the prosecution
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`history of the ’144 patent in that section. Pet. 4. Petitioner, however, does
`
`address the prosecution of the ’144 patent in the claim construction section
`
`referring to the August 13, 2009 amendment and arguing that the change
`
`from “user” to “end user” in the proposed claims was “made in order to try
`
`to overcome cited prior art references (Hashimoto, Smith, Ristelhueber,
`
`Kerigan, and Shinohara).” Id. at 9. Petitioner also argues, in a footnote, that
`
`the amendments of August 13, 2009 “were made in an attempt to overcome
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`cited prior art references” and accordingly, Papst cannot now attempt to
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`broaden the recited “‘end user’” of the Murata scanner with any user, like a
`
`“UNIX system administrator or manufacturer of the Murata scanner, either
`
`of whom would create a file system in the Murata scanner, such that the ‘end
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`user’ would not have to do so.” Id. at 9, 66 n.3 (citing Ex. 1125, 9).
`
`Patent Owner responds that “Petitioners fail to raise any new issue
`
`with Murata that was not previously considered, and discarded by the
`
`USPTO [during examination of the ’073 application.]” Prelim. Resp. 22.
`
`According to Patent Owner, the change from “user” to “end user” “did not
`
`have the significance that Petitioners now assert.” Id. at 32–33. As support
`
`for its position, Patent Owner points out that the August 13, 2009
`
`amendments did not change all instances of “user” to “end user” and
`
`included other changes to the claims. Id. at 27–33. Moreover, Patent Owner
`
`notes that the remarks relied upon by Petitioner use the term “user” and “end
`
`user” interchangeably. Id. at 32–33. Patent Owner concludes that the
`
`prosecution history does not support Petitioner’s allegations that the change
`
`to “end user” was done specifically to overcome the prior art references
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`listed above. Id. at 34–35.
`
`C. 35 U.S.C. § 325(d)
`
`The Board may reject a Petition requesting institution of inter partes
`
`review because “the same or substantially the same prior art or arguments
`
`previously were presented to the Office.” 35 U.S.C. § 325(d); 37 C.F.R.
`
`§ 42.3(a). Under the facts and circumstances presented here, we decline to
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`institute an inter partes review based on any ground asserted in the Petition,
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`all of which rely primarily on Murata. We find that substantially the same
`
`argument regarding patentability of the claimed subject matter over Murata
`
`was previously presented to the Office. Specifically, Petitioner argues that
`
`Murata discloses the limitation “without requiring any end user to interact
`
`with the computer to set up a file system in the analog data acquisition
`
`device at any time.” Pet. 62–68. This issue was explicitly addressed several
`
`times in responses to the Examiner during prosecution. See Ex. 2009, 10;
`
`2008, 12.
`
`We do not agree that the substance of the August 13, 2009
`
`amendment is as significant to this issue as Petitioner asserts. In fact, we
`
`find this portion of the prosecution history ambiguous regarding the
`
`applicant’s intention regarding the definition of “end user.” Nothing pointed
`
`to by Petitioner supports reconsidering these arguments, which were directly
`
`in front of the Examiner during prosecution.
`
`Further, Petitioner does not argue that the secondary references added
`
`in its alternative ground—the SCSI Specification, the DOS reference, the
`
`UNIX-A, B, C references, and the Admitted Prior Art—add anything new to
`
`that which was before the Examiner. On this record, we are not persuaded
`
`that these references add to the information considered by the Examiner
`
`during prosecution.
`
`Finally, Petitioner does not explain how the other obviousness
`
`combinations it asserts—Murata combined with one or more of Huot,
`
`Takahashi, and Muramatsu—significantly add to the arguments and
`
`evidence in front of the Examiner during prosecution of the ’746 patent.
`
`Moreover, Petitioner relies on Huot for its teaching of “an attachable and
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`detachable CCD” (Pet. 53–55), Takahashi for its teaching “first and second
`
`face reading units . . . for simultaneously scanning the first and second
`
`faces” (id. at 54–55, 59, 75–76), and Muramatsu for its teaching of a “device
`
`that implements a fast Fourier transform during an analog data generation
`
`process” (id. at 71–72). Petitioner does not rely on any of these references
`
`for the issue discussed above.
`
`We decline to revisit an issue that has already been before the Office
`
`in prosecution history. Thus, we do not institute review based on
`
`Petitioner’s asserted grounds of anticipation by Murata or obviousness over
`
`Murata in combination with other cited references.
`
`It is ordered that the Petition is denied as to all challenged claims, and
`
`III. ORDER
`
`no trial is instituted.
`
`
`
`For PETITIONER:
`
`Dion M. Bregman
`Ahren C. Hsu-Hoffman
`Chris Mizumoto
`MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
`dion.bregman@morganlewis.com
`ahren.hsu-hoffman@morganlewis.com
`chris.mizumoto@morganlewis.com
`
`T. Vann Pearce, Jr.
`Christopher J. Higgins
`ORRICK, HERRINGTON & SUTCLIFFE LLP
`TVPPTABDocket@orrick.com
`0CHPTABDocket@orrick.com
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`Gregory S. Cordrey
`JEFFER MANGELS BUTLER & MITCHELL, LLP
`gcordrey@jmbm.com
`
`David L. Witcoff
`Marc S. Blackman
`David M. Maiorana
`F. Drexel Feeling
`Matthew W. Johnson
`JONES DAY
`dlwitcoff@jonesday.com
`msblackman@jonesday.com
`dmaiorana@jonesday.com
`f.dfeeling@jonesday.com
`mwjohnson@jonesday.com
`
`Brian C. Rupp
`Carrie A. Beyer
`Nikola Colic
`DRINKER BIDDLE & REATH LLP
`Brian.Rupp@dbr.com
`Carrie.Beyer@dbr.com
`Nick.Colic@dbr.com
`
`
`For PATENT OWNER:
`
`Nicholas T. Peters
`Paul Henkelmann
`FITCH, EVEN, TABIN & FLANNERY LLP
`ntpete@fitcheven.com
`phenkelmann@fitcheven.com
`
`Anthony L. Meola, Jr.
`THE MEOLA FIRM, PLLC
`info@themeolafirm.com
`
`
`16