WEB313125
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`Telecom Dictionary
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`Ray Horak
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`B I C E N T E N N l AL
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`E I C E N T E N N I AL
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`Wfley Publishing, Inc.
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` Webster’s New World® Telecom Dictionary
`
`
`
`Published by
`Wiley Publishing, Inc.
`10475 Crosspoint Boulevard
`Indianapolis, IN 46256
`www.wiley. com
`
`Copyright © 2008 byWiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
`Published simultaneously in Canada
`ISBN: 978-0-471-77457-0
`
`
`
`
`
`
` Manufactured in the United'States ofAmerica
`10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
` Library of Congress Cataloging—in-Publication Data
`Horak, Ray.
`
`Webster’s New World telecom dictionary / Ray Horak.
`
`p. cm.
`‘
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ISBN 978-0-471-77457-0 (pbk.)
`1. Telecommunication——Dictionaries.
`TK5102.I-I65 2007
`621 .38203—-dc22
`
`l.Title.
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`2007024232
`
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`dielectric
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`dial around In the United States, a caller can dial a seven—digit CarrierAccess Code (CAC) in the for-
`mat 101 X to dial around the presubscribed interexchange carrier
`IXC for that line or trunk to 2
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`reach another IXC.The first three digits 101 of the CAC si
`al the network of the caller’s intent. The
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`last four digits (XXXX) ofthe CAC are the Carrier Identification Code (CIC), which is used for call rout-
`mg purposes.The full dialing sequence 1S 101 XX;XX + 1 + NXX (area code) + NXX (central office
`prefix) XXXX (line number). See also area code, CAC, CO prefix, CIC, and IXC, and line mtmber.
`dialed number identification service (DNIS)
`See DNIS.
`dial tone
`1. An audible signal indicating that a tele hone set is connected to a tele hone switchin s s-
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`tern that is available to process an outgoin call. 2. Central ofiice CO dial tone, sometimes referred to as
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`hard dial tone, is provided by the CO switch to a terminal device. When the dial tone is seized, the user
`is free to dial a telephone number. See also CO. 3. PBX dial tone, sometimes referred to as internal dial
`tone or soft dial tone, is provided to a PBX station indicating that the PBX switch is available.The user is
`then free to dial an internal PBX station number. If the target telephone number is an external number,
`the user must dial an access code in order to gain access to an external trunk connected to the public
`switched telephone network (PSTN). See also PBX and PSTN.The conventional access code is nine (9)
`in the United States and Canada, and zero (0) in most other countries. 4. Stutter, or stuttered, dial tone is
`dial tone interrupted by short, regular periods of silence, and is used by some centrex and PBX systems as
`a message indicator, typically indicating that a voice message has been deposited in a voice mailbox either
`integrated with or interfaced directly to the system. Stuttered dial tone also is often used to confirm that
`a feature, such as call forwarding, has been activated or deactivated. See also callfmuarding, centrex, and PBX.
`5.Video dial tone, or visual dial tone, refers to the notion of a broadband network that provides video—
`conferencing capability on demand. See also broadband.
`dia1—up circuit Referring to a circuit established by dialing the number of the remote telephone or
`other device over a public switched telephone network (PSTN), rather than over a dedicated circuit.There
`also are switched data services (e.g., Switched 56), many ofwhich operate over the PSTN, as Well. See also
`circuit, dedicated circuit, dial, PSTN, and Switched 56.
`dibit Referring to a modulation technique that impresses two bits on a baud, so that the bit rate is dou-
`ble the baud rate. Such a technique employs four signal states. Quadrature phase—shift keying (QPSK) is a
`dibit technique achieved by defining four phase shifts separated by 90 degrees. Quadrature amplitude mod-
`ulation (QAM) is an amplitude modulation (AM) scheme in ISDN BRI that yields the same result.There
`are similar frequency modulation (FM) schemes, as well. See also AM, baud, baud rate, bit, btt rate, BRI, FM,
`QAM, QPSK, quadbit, signal, tribit, and unibit.
`‘
`DID (Direct Inward Dial) A PBX feature that allows incoming calls to connect directly to the sta~
`tion, without operator assistance. To accomplish this, each station is assigned a DID telephone number
`drawn from a bank of such numbers so designated by the local exchange carrier (LEC). (The last three or
`four digits of the DID ‘number correspond to the internal station number, so the PBX dialing plan must
`be flexible enough to accommodate the DID numbering scheme.) When an outside caller dials that
`number, the terminating CO recognizes that fact and connects the call over a special DID trunk.The CO
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`passes the DID number to the PBX in advance of the call, thereby enabling the PBX to automatically
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`dielectric A substance that is not a conductor of direct electric current, a dielectric is an insulator, rather
`than a conductor.A dielectric permits the passage ofthe lines offorce associated with an electromagnetic
`field, but does not conduct the current.As dielectrics, however, can sustain an electromagnetic field, they
`are commonly used in capacitors and between wires in a cable. Dielectrics include rubber, gutta percha,
`wood pulp,polyethylene,polyvinyl chloride,flouropolymer resin, andTeflon®, all ofwhich have been used
`at various times as insulation in telecommunications cable and wire app]ications.The dielectric properties
`of
`lastic and lass make them ideal o tical conductors in fiber o tic cables, which are immune from
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