`
`IEEE 100
`The Authoritative Dictionary of
`IEEE Standards Terms
`
`Seventh Edition
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`Published by
`Standards Information Network
`IEEE Press
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`data abstraction
`
`268
`
`Database Task Group
`
`(6) Representations of static or dynamic entities in a formal-
`ized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or
`processing by humans or by machines.
`
`(SCC32) 1489-1999
`data abstraction (A) (software) The process of extracting the
`essential characteristics of data by defining data types and
`their associated functional characteristics and disregarding
`representation details. See also: encapsulation; information
`hiding. (B) (software) The result of the process in definition
`(A).
`(C) 610.12-1990
`data-access operation A processor-initiated load, store, or lock
`that involves a data-forrnat copy and (for lock operations) a
`data-update action (such as swap or add).
`(C/MM) 1596.5-1993
`data access register A register that is used for arithmetic as-
`sociated with random-access of data.
`(C) 610.10-1994w
`data acquisition (supervisory control, data acquisition, and
`automatic control) (station control and data acquisition)
`The collection of data.
`(SWG/PE/SUB) 999-l992w, C37.1-1994, C37.100-1992
`data acquisition system (1) (supervisory control, data ac-
`quisition, and automatic control) (station control and data
`acquisition) A system that receives data from one or more
`locations. See also: telemetering.
`(PE/SUB) C37.1-1994
`(2) A centralized system that receives data from one or more
`remote points—a telemetering system. Data may be trans-
`ported by either analog or digital telemetering.
`(SWG/PE) C37.100-1992
`data administrator An individual who is responsible for the
`definition, organization, supervision, and protection of data
`within some organization. See also: database administrator.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`data aggregate A collection of two or more data items that are
`treated as a unit. Synonyms: aggregate; group item. See also:
`composite data element.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`data attribute A characteristic of a unit of data.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`data bank (A) A collection of data libraries. Note: A record
`contains one or more items, a file contains one or more re-
`cords, a library contains one or more files, and a data bank
`contains one or more libraries. (B) A collection of data relat-
`ing to a particular subject area. Note: The data may or may
`not be machine-readable.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`data bar polling An end-of-write indicator.
`(ED) 1005-1998
`database (DB) (1) (A) (data management) (software) A col-
`lection of logically related data stored together in one or more
`computerized files. Note: Each data item is identified by one
`or more keys. See also: database management system.
`(B) (data management) (software) In CODASYL, the col-
`lection of all the record occurrences, set occurrences, and ar-
`eas controlled by a specific schema.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`(2) A collection of data fundamental to a system.
`(C/SE) 1074-19955
`(3) A collection of related data stored in one or more com-
`puterized files in a manner that can be accessed by users or
`computer programs via a database management system.
`(C/SE) J-STD-016-1995
`(4) A collection of interrelated data, often with controlled re-
`dundancy, organized according to a schema to serve one or
`more applications; the data are stored so that they can be used
`by different programs without concern for the data structure
`or organization. A common approach is used to add new data
`and to modify and retrieve existing data.
`(C/DIS) 1278.4-1997
`database access method A technique for organizing and storing
`a physical database in computer storage.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database administration (DBA) The responsibility for the def-
`inition, operation, protection, performance, and recovery of a
`database.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database administrator (DBA) An individual who is respon-
`sible for the definition, operation, protection, performance,
`and recovery of a database. See also: data administrator.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`
`database command language (DBCL) A procedural data ma-
`nipulation language used to access a database through a da-
`tabase management system. See also: database manipulation
`language.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database creation The process of naming, allocating space, for-
`matting, and defining a database. See also: database defini-
`tion; database design.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database definition (A) The process of translating a conceptual
`schema for a database into a data storage schema. See also:
`redefinition; database design; database creation. (B) The re-
`sult of such a translation.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`database description language (DBDL) See: data definition
`language.
`database design (A) The process of developing a conceptual
`schema for a database that will meet a user’s requirements.
`Synonym:
`implementation design. See also: database cre-
`ation; database definition. (B) The result of the process in
`definition (A).
`(C) 610.5-1990
`database engine A software engine that is specially designed
`for database applications; performs low-level database oper-
`ations such as record creation, editing, and deletion. See also:
`relational engine.
`(C) 610.10-1994w
`database extract A file, each record of which contains data
`items selected from a database based on a particular criterion.
`(C) 610.5-l990w
`database integrity The degree to which the data in a database
`are current, consistent and accurate. See also: data integrity;
`database security; integrity.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database key A field in a database that identifies a record in
`that database.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database management system (DBMS) (1) A computer system
`involving hardware, software, or both that provides a system-
`atic approach to creating, storing, retrieving and processing
`information stored in a database. A DBMS acts as an interface
`between computers’ programs and data files as well as be-
`tween users and the database. It may include backup/recov-
`ery, checkpoint processing, and ad-hoc query capability.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`(2) An integrated set of computer programs that provide the
`capabilities needed to establish, modify, make available, and
`maintain the integrity of a database.
`
`(C/SE) J-STD-016-1995
`database manipulation language (DBML) See: data manipu-
`lation language.
`database organization The manner in which a database is
`structured; for example, a hierarchical organization, a rela-
`tional organization. See also: reorganization.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`database record (A) A collection of data elements that are
`stored in a database. See also: record. (B) A collection of
`hierarchically dependent segments (one root and all its de-
`scendants) within a hierarchical database. See also: record.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`
`database reorganization See: reorganization.
`database security The degree to which a database is protected
`from exposure to accidental or malicious alteration or destruc-
`tion. See also: database integrity; data security.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`
`database segment See: segment.
`database server On a network, a server that provides access to
`a database at the record level; that is, the server sends and
`locks only the records affected by a particular requestor. See
`also: file server; disk server; mail server; terminal server; net-
`work server; print server.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`database sublanguage See: data sublanguage.
`database system A software system that supports multiple ap-
`plications using a common database.
`(C) 610.5-1990w
`Database Task Group (DBTG) A task group of the CODA-
`SYL Programming Language Committee that established a
`set of standards for specification and design of network da-
`tabase structures. See also: CODASYL database.
`(C) 610.5-1990w