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`QUESTION PRESENTED
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`Whetherinter partes review comports with Article
`^¨©ª¨©«¬­ª©«®¯«ª©°«©±¬©²³´µ®´«ª°²¬ª¨"«ª¬³¶©
`III and the Seventh Amendment.
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`Page
`+¯¹©
`Opinions DelOW ..........ssccscscsscscccsssscsccecsssscsscacsssscescacsacscescaceacseseces 1
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`JUYISCICCION ........ccecsssscsccecscssccececcaceccececcacsccececsaceecacecsaceecaceasencacaceass 1
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`Constitutional and statutory provisions involved.............s00 2
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`Statement ...... cc cscscsssscscscsscecscscsssscecscsecececessssscecsscecaceceasscecessececaces 2
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`Summary Of argument .........ccscscsscsscssssccssssccscsscsscsscescsaseccsaseeces 10
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`Argument:
`"«¹½µ©­ªÂ¼
`I.
`Inter partes review is consistent with Article III......15
`0 ­ª©«®¯«ª©°«©±¬©²¬°³´­°¬°ª©­ª²¬ª¨"«ª¬³¶©000000»Ã¼
`A. Congress may authorize the USPTO to
`"0)´­¹«©°°µ¯¾¯½ª¨´«¬Ä©ª¨©/ +!ª´
`reconsider its own decision to grant a patent....... 16
`«©³´­°¬·©«¬ª°´²­·©³¬°¬´­ª´¹«¯­ª¯®¯ª©­ª0000000»Å¼
`1. Congress has permissibly authorized
`»0)´­¹«©°°¨¯°®©«µ¬°°¬º¶¾¯½ª¨´«¬Ä©·
`USPTO patent examiners within the
`/ +!®¯ª©­ª©Æ¯µ¬­©«°²¬ª¨¬­ª¨©
`Executive Branch to determinein the
`#Æ©³½ª¬±©c«¯­³¨ª´·©ª©«µ¬­©¬­ª¨©
`first instance whether patents should be
`À¬«°ª¬­°ª¯­³©²¨©ª¨©«®¯ª©­ª°°¨´½¶·º©
`QTANLCA.......cscsccssssccscescccesceccsacsccscsscccesceaceaceacees 16
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`Inter partes review resolves a matter of
`2.
`¿0¼­ª©«®¯«ª©°«©±¬©²«©°´¶±©°¯µ¯ªª©«´À
`public right that is integrally connected to
`®½º¶¬³«¬¹¨ªª¨¯ª¬°¬­ª©¹«¯¶¶¾³´­­©³ª©·ª´
`the federal patent Scheme.............ssscesescsseeeees 19
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`3. The AIA provisions that govern inter
`È0!¨©""®«´±¬°¬´­°ª¨¯ª¹´±©«­¬­ª©«
`partes review do not intrude on or diminish
`®¯«ª©°«©±¬©²·´­´ª¬­ª«½·©´­´«·¬µ¬­¬°¨
`the authority of Article III courts................... 30
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`Inter partes review satisfies even the
`4,
`É0­ª©«®¯«ª©°«©±¬©²°¯ª¬°À¬©°©±©­ª¨©
`standardsthis Court hasarticulated for
`°ª¯­·¯«·°ª¨¬°)´½«ª¨¯°¯«ª¬³½¶¯ª©·À´«
`the imposition of monetary liability by non-
`ª¨©¬µ®´°¬ª¬´­´Àµ´­©ª¯«¾¶¬¯º¬¶¬ª¾º¾­´­Ê
`Article ITI adjudicators..........cssssssssccssescescesees 32
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`B. The longstanding treatmentof patents as
`c0!¨©¶´­¹°ª¯­·¬­¹ª«©¯ªµ©­ª´À®¯ª©­ª°¯°
`revocable privileges confirms that Congress
`«©±´³¯º¶©®«¬±¬¶©¹©°³´­À¬«µ°ª¨¯ª)´­¹«©°°
`may authorize the USPTOto reconsiderits
`µ¯¾¯½ª¨´«¬Ä©ª¨©/ +!ª´«©³´­°¬·©«¬ª°
`Patent OTANES ......cscscseccrcssccsscsscseccsscsscssecssccsesseceaes 36
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`Inter partes review is consistent with the Seventh
`II.
`0­ª©«®¯«ª©°«©±¬©²¬°³´­°¬°ª©­ª²¬ª¨ª¨© ©±©­ª¨
`AMENAMENE 0... ccessssccsececsecsccecscsecsececsesecsececcassccececeaceececs 51
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`Conclusion .........scscscsssssscecscceccscecsasscececcacacececsacscecescacacaceseasaceceeees 54
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`Appendix — Constitutional and statutory provisions.......... la
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`Statutes and regulations—Continued:
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`whether each claim meetsthe applicable patent law re-
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`quirements.” Cuozzo Speed Technologies, LLC v. Lee,
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`136 S. Ct. 2131, 2136-2137 (2016). The invention must
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`satisfy conditions that include eligibility and utility,
`°¯ª¬°À¾³´­·¬ª¬´­°ª¨¯ª¬­³¶½·©©¶¬¹¬º¬¶¬ª¾¯­·½ª¬¶¬ª¾*
`35 U.S.C. 101; novelty, 35 U.S.C. 102; and non-obvious-
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`ness over the prior art, 35 U.S.C. 103.
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`The examination is an ex parte proceeding in which
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`no person other than the applicant has an opportunity
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`to participate. While an applicant must disclose mate-
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`rial prior art of which heis aware, 37 C.F .R. 1.56, he has
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`“no general duty to conduct a prior art search” and “no
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`duty to disclose art ofwhich [the] applicant is unaware.”
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`Bruno Indep. Living Aids,
`Inc. v. Acorn Mobility
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`Servs., Lid., 394 F.3d 1348, 1351 n.4 (Fed. Cir. 2005). As
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`a result, the patent examiner evaluating an application
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`may be unaware of information that bears on whether
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`the requirements for patentability are satisfied. See
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`Kappos v. Hyatt, 566 U.S. 481, 487 (2012); Microsoft
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`Corp. v. 144 Lid. P’ship, 564 U.S. 91, 108-112 (2011).
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`In 2015, the USPTO received more than 600,000 ap-
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`plications—morethan three times as manyasit had re-
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`ceived two decades earlier. See USPTO, U.S. Patent
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