`
`United States Patent
`Zalewski et al.
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`US006771981B1
`
`(54) ELECTRONIC DEVICE COVER WITH
`EMBEDDED RADIO FREQUENCY (RF)
`TRANSPONDER AND METHODS OF USING
`SAME
`
`(75) Inventors: Thomas W. Zalewski, Irving, TX (US);
`.
`.
`Michael C Pennington, Forney, TX
`(US); Randall C- Roberts> Double
`Oaks, TX (US); Steven A. Shaw,
`Irving, TX (Us)
`
`(73) Assignee: Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd., Espoo (Fl)
`
`EP
`
`5,359,182 A * 10/1994 Schilling .................. .. 235/380
`5382952 A
`1/1995 MP1“
`5,453,747 A
`9/1995 D 110m 9 91
`5,488,376 A
`1/1996 Hurta et al.
`5,489,773 A
`2/1996 Kumar
`2
`3/1996 Moskowltz et al'
`,
`,
`/1997 Hurta et al.
`5,604,485 A
`2/1997 Lauro et al_
`5,614,892 A
`3/1997 Ward, 11 et al.
`_
`_
`(List continued on next page.)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`0940783
`9/1999
`
`~
`
`~
`
`-
`
`Sub]ect~ to any d1scla1mer,the term of this
`patent is extended or adJusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 508 days.
`
`4
`
`(
`
`~
`
`.
`
`) Notice.
`
`~
`
`(21) Appl. N0.: 09/675,618
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Sep. 29, 2000
`
`W0
`
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`
`WO 96/11452
`
`W0 9607170
`W0 97 / 12414
`WO 97/24698
`WO 97/32423
`WO 97/44912
`WO 98/28831
`WO 99/09525
`
`4/1996
`
`9/1996
`4/1997
`7/1997
`9/1997
`11/1997
`7/1998
`2/1999
`
`Related US. Application Data
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/222,475, ?led on Aug. 2,
`2000'
`(51) Int. c1.7 ........................... .. H04B 1/38; H04M 1/00
`(52) US. Cl. ..................... .. 455/557; 455/407; 455/558;
`455/552.1; 455/575.1; 342/31
`(58) Field Of Search ............................... .. 455/405, 406,
`455/407, 408, 412-1, 466, 557, 558, 92,
`95, 575.8, 115.4, 100, 552.1; 342/51; 235/380;
`705/41
`
`(List Continued on next page‘)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`“Mobil Speedpass Warning Card”; User Manual.
`v2 £31155gptflgriicg?tggin?glgxg?n Motorola In°—
`_
`_
`'
`(L15t Contlnued on next Page)
`Primary Examiner—Qu0chien B, Vuong
`Assistant Examiner—Simon Nguyen
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Steven A. ShaW
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`Us PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`3,713,148 A * 1/1973 Cardullo et al' """""" " 342/42
`2
`léemelson
`4’88O’O97 A 11/1989 SP2:
`5’O23’936 A
`6/1991 sgczutkowski et aL
`5:053j774 A 10/1991 Schuermann et al_
`5,077,832 A 12/1991 szczutkowski et a1_
`5,138,650 A
`8/1992 Stahl et al.
`5,220,593 A * 6/1993 Zicker et al. ............. .. 455/407
`5,353,328 A * 10/1994 Jokimies ................... .. 455/558
`
`A changeable cover for an electronic device and method of
`using same in a payment system is provided. The cover has
`a transponder responsive to interrogation by an electric ?eld.
`The cover provides an electronic identi?cation number and
`other information in response to the interrogation signal.
`Also provided is a system for making payments, comprising
`at least one mobile station (4) Which has an associated cover
`(100) for providing local data transfer. The system also
`comprises at least one point of sale terminal or the like,
`Which has a second transceiver for providing data transfer.
`
`15 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 1
`
`
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`Page 2
`
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`1/1998 Christensen et al.
`5,710,886 A
`2/1998 Serbetciouglu et al.
`5,719,918 A
`3/1998 Powell
`5,727,153 A
`3/1998 Schkolnick et al.
`5,729,697 A
`5,748,737 A * 5/1998 Daggar ...................... .. 705/41
`5,768,370 A
`6/ 1998 Maatta et al.
`5,787,174 A
`7/1998 Tuttle
`5,805,676 A
`9/1998 Martino
`5,819,234 A 10/1998 Slavin et al.
`5,845,259 A 12/1998 West et al.
`5,848,152 A 12/1998 Slipy et al.
`5,850,599 A 12/1998 Seiderman
`5,887,266 A
`3/1999 Hemonen et ‘11'
`5’9O9’176 A
`6/1999 581mm et a1‘
`5,933,086 A
`8/1999 Tischendorf et al.
`5,942,985 A
`8/1999 Chin
`5,943,624 A
`8/1999 FOX et aL
`5,969,691 A 10/1999 Myers
`5,987,438 A 11/1999 Nakano et al.
`6,041,305 A
`3/2000 Sakllfai
`67058304 A
`5/2000 Callaghan ct a1~
`6,073,840 A
`6/2000 Marion
`2
`milllzrrlnesneettagi
`6,078,820 A
`6/2000 Wells et a1_
`6,107,920 A
`8/2000 Eberhardtetal.
`6,107,934 A
`8/2000 Andrew 61 31-
`6,169,890 B1 * 1/2001 Vatanen .................... .. 455/406
`6,232,870 B1
`5/2001 Garber et al.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`W0
`
`WO 00/10144
`W0 00/ 16285
`WO 00/21032
`WO 00/26838
`WO 00/26856
`W0 0064931
`W0 0068340
`W0 OO/74406
`W0 O1/O304O
`
`2/2000
`3/2000
`4/2000
`5/2000
`5/2000
`@2000
`@2000
`12/2000
`H2001
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`“C—Stores Advance Technology”; E—Payments 2000; pp
`12A & 13A; Jun. 1999.
`“From Present to Future. Or: Why the SkiData ticket tech
`nology is a secure future investment”; SkiData AG—Even
`.
`.
`tAccess—~T1cket Technologies; Jul. '13, 2000; pp 1,2; http://
`WWW.sk1data.com/English/Event/Tickets.asp.
`“From Selling to Charging. Or: HoW to integrate techno
`logical highlights With SkiData components”; SkiData
`AG—Access Components—From selling to charging; Jul. 13,
`2000; pp 1,2; http://WWW.skidata.com/English Components/
`KeVDeteCtOnasp~
`“RFID: The retail revolution”; Checkpoint Systems—RFID
`Products; Jul. 21, 2000; pp 1 of 1; http://WWWcheckpomt
`systems.corn/r?d/productshtrnl.
`Maney, K.; “High—tech tags mean days of bar codes may be
`numbered”; VVSSDZ Bista?x; News Articles; NOV_ 3, 2000;
`pp 1,2; USA Today; Mar. 31, 1999; http://WWW.motorola
`.com/GSS/SSTG/smartcard/3 6 bst neWs usa 3 31 99.html.
`
`WO 99/53457
`
`10/1999
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 2
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 1 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`FIG. 1
`
`FIG. 2A
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 3
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 2 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`394
`
`/ \
`
`392
`
`\
`
`390
`
`l/
`
`'3/18
`
`£08
`
`\l
`
`_ _ _ — — — —__
`
`CHOOSE I
`PRESS 01-1107 WAX—$2
`$18.50 TOTAL SALE
`000 HEEE @HIRESCALEW OPTIONS|
`000
`Q DRY—$1
`CHOOSE
`I
`PRESS1 I @GALLONS 396
`388 OPTIONS QENTER
`ENTER
`111.119 PRICE/GAL
`\
`1
`
`352
`
`I
`
`1
`
`11
`
`1
`1 11
`
`F I G. 3
`(PRIOR ART)
`
`35/0
`
`1
`
`
`1 111
`
`378
`
`,
`//
`|||11111
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 4
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 3 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`350
`\
`CENTRAL
`CONTROL
`l
`346\ CONTROL SITE
`CONTROL
`3B? ______|
`INTERIFACE
`I
`312
`l 254
`l
`R
`i i
`l
`l
`:
`:
`:
`:
`I
`I
`
`.
`.
`/ .
`308
`
`X
`
`TX
`/
`
`DISPENSER
`CONTROLLER
`380
`
`_
`
`|
`
`|
`
`4-60
`/
`AUDIO
`__
`PROCESSOR
`
`,
`
`258
`“10 /
`
`CARD f 388
`READER
`
`Acgff?oR f390
`PRINTER /392
`/3OO
`
`|
`
`J- DISPLAY
`
`'- KEYPAD
`
`\
`
`386
`,/
`AUDIIO/VIDEO
`302 ELECTRONICS III
`
`|
`I INTERROCATOR l
`--——/————-I
`352
`
`FIG. 4
`(PRIOR ART)
`
`l
`MEMORY
`/
`382
`
`SOURCE \356
`
`CAMERA \462
`
`THUMB
`ImL‘ETR \464
`
`601
`
`600
`\
`WAP
`GATEWAY
`
`602
`/
`wTA
`SERVER
`
`>
`
`600
`/
`
`HOST
`
`=
`
`620
`/
`
`\
`630
`
`‘
`660A]
`
`65g)
`
`104/
`
`600/
`
`\602
`FIG. 6
`
`\OOO
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 5
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 4 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`503
`<< >) 7i
`502\
`
`/
`URL
`520
`ACTIVATE
`PASSIVE MODE /
`530
`/
`
`INTERROGATE
`
`:
`
`>
`
`545
`_ \ RESPONSE AND ID
`CREDIT OK
`AND AUTHENTIC
`
`,
`
`RESPONSE AND [D
`
`V
`
`540
`
`i 553 TRANsACTIoN$
`560
`
`500/
`
`580 \
`502
`
`7 SMS
`
`FIG. 5A
`
`970
`
`E
`
`\104
`
`MSC 201
`‘
`\ AUTHEN‘HCATION
`
`ME/MCU CM (NUMBER) APPLICATION
`_‘
`\
`200
`
`CIPHERING INFCRMATTCN
`203
`i \
`sEruP
`202
`204
`\ CALL PROCEEDING
`
`/
`
`CONNECT
`
`205
`z /
`
`:
`
`206
`269
`210
`
`/
`
`CONNECT ACK
`
`CONNECTION
`
`207
`/ >
`
`RELEASE
`
`:
`
`DISCONNECT
`
`\
`
`RELEASE ACK
`
`=
`
`DISCONNECTION
`
`FIG. 5B
`
`20s
`911
`
`:
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 6
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 5 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`800
`\
`
`860\
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 7
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 6 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`6 STORE SERVER
`A35;
`
`“320
`
`3;?‘
`
`/
`1310
`
`1380
`
`\
`
`A33?
`
`1390
`
`REc?gAggsMEpANY
`
`\
`1360
`
`F I G. 1 3
`
`1 350
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 8
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 3, 2004
`
`Sheet 7 0f 7
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`rag;
`
`—> w __
`
`E —
`
`M-COMMERCE
`
`L4 _
`>—>
`
`@ —
`
`/910
`‘
`
`/
`
`‘ E
`
`9—55
`
`9—36 _ 920
`
`—> m
`
`a 937 -~
`
`i
`'
`
`900 i
`|
`
`_> w
`
`< : 2A1) ‘_
`» L72
`
`FIG. 7 7
`
`/
`M-COMMERCE
`PROFILE DB
`
`»—> E
`
`—> g
`
`1210
`\
`REC$IFFIER
`
`1240
`_L
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`— ISOLAHON /122O
`
`BATTERY
`w CELLS \1230
`
`FIG. 12
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 9
`
`
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`1
`ELECTRONIC DEVICE COVER WITH
`EMBEDDED RADIO FREQUENCY (RF)
`TRANSPONDER AND METHODS OF USING
`SAME
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`2
`Wireless systems, so called smart cards or payment cards,
`are also knoWn, the said cards being mostly used in payment
`applications, such as making payments in buses and public
`telephones. Smart cards like this generally include a central
`processing unit, a program memory and a data memory. The
`internal operation of the card in use is controlled by the CPU
`in accordance With the program code stored in the program
`memory. The data memory is used for saving information
`relating to the intended use of the smart card, such as its
`value in money. For performing the payment transaction, the
`card also contains means for data transfer, such as a
`transmitter/receiver based on electromagnetic induction. A
`disadvantage of smart cards of this kind is, e.g., the fact that
`several different cards may be needed for different kinds of
`payment, and so the user must carry a large number of cards.
`In addition, When the amount of money loaded in the card
`has been consumed, one needs to buy a neW card or load a
`neW amount of money in the card at a sales outlet offering
`a loading service.
`The Japanese patent application JP 4 083 447 presents a
`mobile phone to Which it is possible to add more properties
`by means of a separate memory card. An application like this
`is preferably arranged for a certain use, such as for increas
`ing the saving capacity or the telephone number memory.
`Applications like this are based on a method in Which the
`central processing unit of the mobile phone reads the data
`saved in the applications (memory cards) and operates in a
`predetermined Way required by the data. A disadvantage of
`this method is the fact that the functions needed for per
`forming different operations of the applications must be
`programmed to the central processing unit CPU in advance,
`Whereby the development of neW applications also requires
`changes in the programs of the central processing unit.
`The international patent application WO 91/12698 pre
`sents a mobile phone to Which it is possible to add properties
`by means of a separate add-in card, such as a smart card. In
`this Way it is possible to restrict the use of the phone by
`preventing foreign calls, long-distance calls or calls to
`service numbers, for example. The information about call
`restrictions is saved on an add-in card Which the user has to
`install in the mobile phone When it is being used. Thus the
`main use of this method is to prevent the use of some
`properties of the mobile station.
`Automatic identi?cation and data capture technologies
`are increasingly being used to identify and track items.
`Radio Frequency IDenti?cation (RFID) transponders, also
`knoWn as tags or tokens, provide a means of obtaining data
`Without direct contact such as is needed With magnetic strip
`or bar code technology. Such transponder devices have been
`around for some time. US. Pat. No. 3,713,148 issued to
`Cardullo et al. on Jan. 23, 1973, and incorporated herein by
`reference, describes a transponder Which includes a change
`able or Writable memory. An RFID system consists of a
`transponder, (also referred to as tag or token), With a unique
`electronic serial number and a reader device also referred to
`as an interrogator. The tags are self-contained in hermeti
`cally sealed capsules or laminates requiring no external
`poWer since they get poWer by rectifying the energy in a ?eld
`created by the interrogator and storing the energy in
`capacitive-type circuitry. Nevertheless, some transponders
`may be poWered With small batteries. RFID tags come in a
`variety of embodiments from a thin, ?at and ?exible form
`factor (thin type) to small capsules (cylindrical type). An
`example of a thin form-factor is described in US. Pat. No.
`5,528,222 issued to MoskoWitZ et al on Jun. 18, 1996.
`Although the term “radio frequency” is used, other parts of
`the electromagnetic spectrum may be used to create the
`
`10
`
`15
`
`This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 1.19 to
`Provisional Application No. 60/222,475 ?led on Aug. 2,
`2000. This application is related to US. Ser. No. 09/092,828
`?led on Jun. 5, 1998; US. Pat No. 6,418,326 Which is a
`continuation of US. Ser. No. 09/074,864 ?led on May 8,
`1998, now US. Pat. No. 6,078,806 granted on Jun. 20, 2000;
`Which is a continuation of US. Ser. No. 08/597,845 ?led on
`Feb. 7, 1996, now US. Pat. No. 5,887,266 granted on Mar.
`23, 1999, all entitled METHOD FOR USING APPLICA
`TIONS IN A MOBILE STATION, A MOBILE STATION
`AND A SYSTEM FOR EFFECTING PAYMENTS, issued
`to Heinonen et al., claiming priority date of Feb. 15, 1995
`based on a Finnish application. Additionally, this invention
`is related to the inventions described in US. patent appli
`cation Ser. No. 08/800,591, ?led on Feb. 18, 1997, entitled
`ELECTRONIC DEVICE WITH HOUSING
`SUPPLEMENT, and US. patent application Ser. No.
`25
`09/829,764, ?led an Apr. 10, 2001, entitled REMOVABLE
`HOUSING COVER FOR A PORTABLE RADIO COM
`MUNICATION DEVICE. This invention is related to US.
`Pat. No. 5,768,370 granted on Jun. 16, 1998 entitled USER
`CHANGEABLE COSMETIC PHONE INTERFACE. Said
`patents and patent applications are commonly assigned to
`assignee of the present invention and are incorporated herein
`by reference.
`
`20
`
`30
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention relates generally to mobile station acces
`sories and more particularly to an electronic device cover
`With embedded transponder and methods using same.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`There are prior art mobile stations in Which the control
`card includes a subscriber identi?cation unit, such as the
`SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) used in GSM (Global
`System for Mobile Communications) standard based sys
`tems. The SIM comprises a control unit CPU (Central
`Processing Unit), program memory ROM (Read Only
`Memory), data memory suited for long-term storage
`EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only
`Memory) and operation memory suited for saving data
`during use RAM (Random Access Memory). For using the
`mobile station, a PIN (Personal Identi?cation Number)
`number saved on the SIM must be given, generally When the
`mobile phone is sWitched on. Other user-speci?c
`information, such as telephone numbers, messages, etc. can
`also be saved in the data memory of the SIM.
`There are noW also mobile phones Which have a data
`connector for connecting an external data processing unit,
`such as a portable computer. Thus the mobile phone can be
`used as a means for data transfer betWeen the portable
`computer and some other data processing equipment
`through a radio communication netWork. In this Way it is
`possible to establish a connection eg to the user’s bank for
`checking the balance and effecting payments. HoWever, an
`arrangement of this kind is not very practical, because a
`separate cable is needed betWeen the computer and the
`mobile phone. In addition, the computer must be available
`for establishing eg a bank connection.
`
`35
`
`40
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`Sentegra Exhibit 2002
`Page 10
`
`
`
`US 6,771,981 B1
`
`3
`energy ?eld. UHF, microwave and millimeter Wave sources
`may be used by the interrogator depending on the distance
`betWeen the interrogator and the transponder and material to
`be penetrated. Commercial examples of RFID transponders
`are the Texas Instruments’ Registration and Information
`Systems (TIRIS) line of transponders available from Texas
`Instruments (Dallas, Tex.; WWW.ti.com).
`Transponders such as those from Texas Instruments and
`others may be embedded in keyfobs, cards or other such
`items. Gas companies are using keyfob or keychain tran
`sponders to identify consumers When they buy gas at the
`pump and charge it to their gas account (eg see http://
`WWW.mobil.com/speedpass/). The transponders interact
`With a fueling system such as provided by Gilbarco Inc.—
`also knoW as Marconi Commerce Systems, 7300 West
`Friendly Avenue, (Greensboro, N.C.; http://
`WWW.marconicommerce.com). The fueling system is
`described in US. Pat. No. 6,073,840 issued to Kenneth O.
`Marion and assigned to Gilbarco Inc., said disclosure is
`hereby incorporated by reference. Use of keyfobs adds
`another thing for a consumer to carry and Worry about
`losing. For example, if one leaves the keyfob With another,
`such as valet parking attendant, it is possible for the atten
`dant to use the keyfob to ?ll-up many cars While the oWner
`is having dinner or other activities.
`There is also a need to alloW consumers to collect coupons
`from other transactions at different establishments. For
`instance, consumer may Wish to collect coupons from mail
`inserts, neWspapers, and neWspapers and redeem these hard
`copy coupons. The use of hard copy coupons is time
`consuming and troublesome for the consumer.
`Furthermore, use of transponders in the form of keyfobs
`on keyrings have a problem When stored near certain keys
`Which transmit their oWn codes. Many automobiles are noW
`being manufactured With a microprocessor embedded in the
`key Which sends a signal to a security system coupled to the
`ignition system. Without the correct code transmitted by the
`key, the automobile Won’t start. But, the keyfob transponder
`interferes With the coded signal and thus the automobile Will
`not start because the security system can not read the code
`from the processor in the key. For example, user information
`regarding the model year 2000 Jeep includes Warnings about
`RFID transponders on the same key ring as the ignition key.
`FIG. 1 shoWs a typical transponder to be used on a key ring
`3. Transponder 1 is a typical transponder in the form of a
`keyfob as described above, 2 is a key With embedded
`processor manufactured to interact With the security system
`of an automobile. The security system Will only alloW
`engine to start if a correct code is transmitted to the security
`system from the processor embedded in the key. Transpon
`der 1 interferes With the reception of this coded signal.
`Additionally, the transponder on a key ring is inconve
`nient When the consumer is at a drive-through WindoW and
`must turn off the car in order to access the keyfob on the key
`ring. Thus, there is a need to have a transponder located
`aWay from the key ring associated With the key to the
`ignition system of an automobile.
`In another example of identi?cation systems, some gro
`cery stores are noW providing for self-check, Wherein the
`buyer scans their oWn groceries using bar codes.
`Additionally, many stores are saving money by not pricing
`each item but use bar code scanning and shelve area pricing
`as a means to convey price information. HoWever, some
`times an item may have been moved from its proper location
`and a means is needed to verify a price. Symbol
`technologies, Inc. (HoltsvieW, N.Y.; http://
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`WWW.symbol.com) offers a Portable Shopping System.
`When a shopper enters the store, they are issued a scanner
`With Which they can scan items to determine price and
`maintain a running total of their purchases. HoWever, the
`shopper must still go to checkout and present hard copy
`coupons Which the consumer had to clip, sort, ?le, and
`redeem at checkout. At checkout the coupons are also
`scanned individually, Which leads to delays and lines. The
`consumer must also provide cash, credit or debit card to pay
`for the goods. Thus there is a need for a device Which a
`consumer can carry With them Which captures, stores and
`doWnload coupons, provides a Way to keep track of their
`purchases, and provides a means for automatic payment.
`In another example of automated shopping, US. Pat. No.
`5,729,607 issued to Schkolnick et al. on Mar. 17, 1998 and
`assigned to International Business Machines describes an
`intelligent shopping cart. Groceries may be labeled With thin
`transponders. The transponders on the groceries identify the
`items and their price. The use of the transponders alloWs a
`customer to use a cart as described in the Schkolnick patent
`or pass through an energy ?eld created by an interrogator
`and the groceries purchased Will automatically be identi?ed
`and the amount totaled. HoWever, the consumer must still
`open a Wallet and fumble With cash or debit/credit cards.
`Thus, there is a need to have a payment system associated
`With an item Which a consumer can Wear or hang on their
`person to facilitate automatic payment.
`US. Pat. No. 6,078,806 granted on Jun. 20, 2000, entitled
`METHOD FOR USING APPLICATIONS IN A MOBILE
`STATION, A MOBILE STATION AND A SYSTEM FOR
`EFFECTING PAYMENTS assigned to the same assignee as
`the present application provides a method of affecting pay
`ments using a mobile station or Personal Trusted Device
`(PTD).
`Thus, for the above reasons, there is a need to have one
`means of electronic identi?cation and payment Which the
`consumer can carry. Furthermore, there is a need to provide
`a system in Which consumers may earn, store and redeem
`coupons in a single device.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`In order to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages
`and to raise the standard of technology in this ?eld, a neW
`method for using applications in a Personal Trusted Device
`(PTD) also referred to as mobile radio communication unit
`comprising mobile station and a changeable cover With
`intelligence has been invented, as Well as a neW mobile
`station With changeable cover as application module and a
`neW system for effecting payments, collecting incentives
`and other equivalents. The changeable cover provides a
`means for local data transfer.
`The invention is based on the idea that the mobile station
`can be complemented With applications Which have a ?rst
`mode of operation and a second mode of operation. An
`application in the ?rst mode of operation does not do
`anything actively, but stays in the background, passive. In
`the passive mode, the changeable cover With intelligence
`may still function to provide for a system of payment. In the
`second mode of operation, the application is active and can,
`e.g., control the central processing unit of the mobile station.
`When in the second mode of operation, the application can
`also use peripheral equipment Which are generally knoWn
`components of a mobile station, such as a display, keypad,
`status indicators and data ports, Which the application has
`requested When sWitching to the second mode of operation.
`Applications used in the method of the invention can
`preferably be of three different types, depending on the
`
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`US 6,771,981 B1
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`situation in Which the application can switch to the second
`mode of operation: 1) The so-called poWer-up type, hereby
`the application sWitches to the second mode of operation as
`soon as possible after the mobile station is sWitched on
`and/or a neW cover in attached, 2) The menu type, in Which
`the user can select the application he Wants to be active, eg
`from a menu shoWn on the display of the mobile station, and
`3) Automatic type, in Which the application sWitches to a
`second mode of operation When a certain condition, de?ned
`for the application, has been satis?ed. For eXample, an
`application of the third operation mode can become active in
`the GSM system, When the mobile station receives a speci?c
`SMS (Short Message Services) message. SMS messages are
`typically used to transfer short teXt messages betWeen
`mobile stations. The automatic type can also be selected
`from a menu. A menu option can also be used in a situation
`in Which several poWer-up type applications have been
`connected to the mobile station, and one of the said appli
`cations can sWitch to the second mode of operation. The
`method of the invention is characteriZed in that the appli
`cation has a ?rst mode of operation and a second mode of
`operation, Whereby the application is passive in the ?rst
`mode of operation, and in the second mode of operation the
`application controls the central unit of the mobile station.
`The mobile station in accordance With the invention is
`characteriZed in that it also comprises means for setting the
`application in a ?rst mode of operation, in Which the
`application is passive, means for setting the application in a
`second mode of operation, in Which the application is active,
`and means for controlling the central unit of the mobile
`station When the application is in the said second mode of
`operation. Remarkable advantages are achieved by this
`invention compared to the prior art solutions. By means of
`this invention, the range of possible uses for a mobile station
`may be substantially increased. Besides the normal phone
`and data services, the mobile stations related to the invention
`can also be used eg as a credit card and/or as a cash card,
`instead of traditional plastic cards. By means of a mobile
`station equipped With a suitable application module the user
`can make payments in a shop using his/her credit account
`(credit card application) or pay directly from his/her bank
`account (cash card application), and thus no real cash is
`needed. Typical for both credit card and cash card type of
`applications is that money or its equivalent, in electric form,
`is stored in a central computer (also referred as a money
`server) Which the mobile station contacts When making a
`payment. The money server is typically located in a bank’s
`premises. If Wanted, it is possible for the application to
`check the credit limit or the balance of the bank account
`before the payment is accepted. It is also possible to store
`money or its equivalent to an “electric money purse” in the
`mobile station or in the application module, i.e. cover, itself.
`In that case it preferably is not necessary to check the credit
`limit or balance of the bank account from the money server
`before the payment can be accepted, i.e. it is not necessary
`to contact the money server for making a payment. The
`information of hoW much money there is stored in the
`“electric money purse” can be read from the memory of the
`mobile station or the application module, from Which elec
`tric money is subtracted When a payment is made. These
`kind of applications, Where the money is stored in the mobile
`station or in the application module itself, are also referred
`as payment applications.
`Additional features and advantages of the invention Will
`be readily apparent from the speci?cation and from the
`draWings.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`FIG. 1 is an illustration of key ring With an RFID fob
`transponder and an ignition key having a processor Which
`emits an RF signal.
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`FIG. 2A is block diagram of a mobile station in accor
`dance With the invention.
`FIG. 2B is an illustration of an electronic device cover in
`accordance With the invention.
`FIG. 3 is an illustration of a fueling dispenser.
`FIG. 4 is a block diagram shoWing the dispenser elec
`tronics of the dispenser shoWn in FIG. 3.
`FIG. 5 is a step diagram shoWing a transaction system in
`accordance With the invention.
`FIG. 5B shoWs the path of the telephone call betWeen the
`application and a mobile services sWitching center (MSC) in
`a mobile radio communication netWork as a simpli?ed
`diagram.
`FIG. 6 is a step diagram shoWing a receipt of transaction
`information via Wireless Application Protocol.
`FIG. 7 shoWs the use of a method for the remote payment
`of parking in accordance With the invention.
`FIG. 8 shoWs the use of a method for hotel room access
`in accordance With the invention.
`FIG. 9 shoWs the use of a method in accordance With the
`invention in connection With a Point of Sale (POS) terminal.
`FIG. 10 shoWs the communication betWeen tWo mobile
`stations in accordance With the invention.
`FIG. 11 shoWs a business model for M-Commerce in
`accordance With the invention.
`FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a battery With isolation
`circuitry in accordance With an embodiment of the inven
`tion.
`FIG. 13 is a block diagram shoWing an purchase previeW
`system for music purchase in accordance With an embodi
`ment of the invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
`
`In FIG. 2A, a mobile station 4, also referred to as a
`“Personal Trusted Device” (PTD), comprises master control
`unit MCU 13, user interface UI 18 , high-frequency part 19,
`loW-frequency part 21, poWer unit 5, a means for data
`transfer 22 Which can be IR or other equivalents in the
`electromagnetic spectrum, and application module connec
`tion unit 6. The operation of the mobile station 4 is con
`trolled by MCU 13, Which has a program code stored in
`advance for performing different operations. Mobile station
`4 may also comprise Personal Information Management
`(PIM) capabilities, such as calendar, to-do list, and ?nancial
`management programs.
`The user interface 18 comprises components Which are
`knoWn from prior art mobile phones, namely a display 7, a
`keypad 8 and status indicators 23. MCU 13 produces
`various, situation-speci?c messages, operation instructions,
`menus etc. on the display 7. Using the keypad 8, the user can
`enter different kind of information to the mobile station 4,
`such as the identi?cation number and telephone number, and
`select operations from the menus. Status indicators 23 can
`preferably be used to indicate the internal modes of opera
`tion of the mobile station 4. The display may also be in the
`form of glasses Worn by the user implemented using LCD
`screen(s) or the display may be Virtual Retinal Display such
`as is provided by MicroVision (Seattle, Wash.) and
`described in US. Pat. Nos. 5,596,339; 5,659,327; 5,701,
`132; 5,982,555; and 6,008,781 assigned to University of
`Washington.
`The radio frequency component 19 is a knoWn component
`of mobile phones, Which is used to transmit and receive calls
`
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`and messages using radio frequencies in a radio communi
`cation network, such as a GSM network, eg through a
`mobile services sWitching center MSC.
`The loW-frequency part 21 preferably comprises a micro
`phone 9, a headphone 10 and a buZZer 11 or the like.
`The operation poWer for the mobile station 4 is supplied
`by a battery 12, Which is charged When required. PoWer unit
`5 monitors the charge status and charging procedure of the
`battery 12, among other things. PoWer unit 5 sends the
`information to central unit MCU 13 When the charge status
`of the battery 12 falls beloW a predetermined value, Whereby
`MCU 13 announces this preferably by sounding buZZer 11
`and/or shoWing a message on the display 7.
`A module card may be coupled to the module card
`connector located in the mobile station 4. Module card may
`contain,among other things, a subscriber identity module
`(SIM) for user identi?cation and memory for storage of
`logic and data. This memory may be volatile such as RAM
`and non-volatile memory such as EEPROM, ?ash or the
`like.
`Application module connection unit 6 is located in mobile
`station 4 as shoWn in FIG. 2A. Other module cards can also
`be connected to application module connection unit 6 of the
`exemplary embodiment, Whereby they are preferably con
`nected to their oWn module card connectors. From applica
`tion module connection unit 6 to the central processing unit
`of mobile station 4 (MCU), there is application module bus
`14, by means of Which the application modules connected to
`application module connection unit 6 communicate With
`MCU 4. AT commands, knoWn eg from modems, can be
`used for the transfer of data and commands.
`In addition to the application module bus 14, there is a
`separate control and data line from each application module
`connector 15, 16, 17, of the application module connection
`unit 6. Thus it is possible to use a structure based on the
`standard series ISO 7816 in the control and data line. The
`standard series ISO 7816 includes the voltage levels and
`timing diagrams, according to Which the application mod
`ules are connected to the control and data line.
`For each application module, application module connect
`ing unit 6 has a connector, through Which application
`module bus 14 is led to the application module, More than
`one application module may be connected to the same
`module card 13. The second application module on the
`module card 13 can be a SIM module, for example.
`The mobile s