,
`
`& II'lTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
`
`ITU-T
`
`TELECOMMUNICATION
`STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
`OF ITU
`
`G.992.1
`
`(06/99)
`
`SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA,
`DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
`Digital transmission systems - Digital sections and digital
`line system - Access networks
`
`Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)
`transceivers
`
`ITU-T Recommendation G.992.1
`(Previously GGID Recommendation)
`
`!2
`- - - - - - - - - - - -11 ~q ~
`I I::"(trei ~
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`•
`
`EXHIBIT
`
`TQ Delta Exhibit 2009
`Cisco Systems, Inc. v. TQ Delta LLC
`IPR2016-01006
`
`1
`
`

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`ITU-T G-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS
`
`TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
`
`INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CONNECTIONS AND CIRCUITS
`INTERNA TlONAL ANALOGUE CARRIER SYSTEM
`GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS COMMON TO ALL ANALOGUE CARRIER(cid:173)
`TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
`INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE
`SYSTEMS ON METALLIC LINES
`GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE
`SYSTEMS ON RADIO-RELAY OR SATELLITE LINKS AND INTERCONNECTION
`W ITH METALLIC LINES
`COORDINATION OF RADIOTELEPHONY AND LINE TELEPHONY
`TESTING EQUIPMENTS
`TRANSMISSION MEDIA CHARACTERISTICS
`DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
`TERMINAL EQUIPMENTS
`DIGITAL NETWORKS
`DIGITAL SECTIONS AND DIGITAL LINE SYSTEM
`General
`Parameters for optical fibre cable systems
`Digital sections at hierarchical bit rates based on a bit rate of 2048 kbitls
`Digital line transmission systems on cable at non-hierarchical bit rates
`Digital line systems provided by FDM transmission bearers
`Digital line systems
`Digital section and digital transmission systems for customer access to ISDN
`Optical fibre submarine cable systems
`Optical line systems for local and access networks
`ACCMS networks·
`
`G.10O--G.199
`
`G.20O--G.299
`
`G.30O--G.399
`
`GAOO--G.449
`
`GA5O--GA99
`
`G.60O--G .699
`
`G.70O--G.799
`G.80O--G.899
`G.90O--G.999
`G.90O--G.909
`G.91O--G.919
`G.92O--G.929
`G.93O--G.939
`G.94O--G.949
`G.95O--G.959
`G.96O--G.969
`G.97O--G.979
`G.98O--G.989
`G.99O-G.999
`
`For further details, please refer /0 lTU-T List of Recommendations.
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`ITU-T RECOMMENDATION G.992.1
`ASYMMETRIC DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (ADSL) TRANSCEIVERS
`
`3)
`
`Summary
`This Recommendation describes Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) Transceivers on a
`metallic twisted pair that allows higb-speed data transmission between the network operator end
`(ATU-C) and the customer end (ATU-R). This Recommendation provides a variety of bearer
`channels in conjunction with one of three other services dependent on the environment:
`I)
`ADSL transmission simultaneously on the same pair with voice (band) service;
`ADSL transmission simultaneously on the same pair with 0.961 (Appendix I or II) ISDN
`2)
`services; or
`ADSL transmission on the same pair with voiceband transmission and with TCM-ISDN
`(0.961 Appendix III) in an adjacent pair.
`Systems allow approximately 6 Mbitls downstream and approximately 640 kbitls upstream data rates
`depending on the deployment and noise environment.
`This Recommendation specifies the physical layer characteristics of the Asymmetric Digital
`Subscriber Line (ADSL) interface to metallic loops.
`This Recommendation has been written to help ensure the proper interfacing and interworking of
`ADSL transmission units at the customer end (A TU-R) and at the network operator end (A TU-C)
`and also to define the transport capability of the units. Proper operation shall be ensured when these
`two units are manufactured and provided independently. A single twisted pair of telephone wires is
`used to connect the A TU-C to the A TU-R. The ADSL transmission units must deal with a variety of
`wire pair characteristics and typical impairments (e.g. crosstalk and noise).
`An ADSL transmission unit can simultaneously convey all of the following: downstream simplex
`bearers, duplex bearers, a baseband analogue duplex channel, and ADSL line overhead for framing,
`error control, operations and maintenance. Systems support a minimum of 6.144 Mbitls downstream
`and 640 kbitls upstream.
`This Recommendation includes mandatory requirements, recommendations and options; these are
`designated by the words "shall", "should" and "may" respectively. The word "will" is used only to
`designate events that take place under some defined set of circumstances.
`Two categories of performance are specified. Category I performance is required for compliance
`with this Recommendation; performance enbancement options are not required for category I
`equipment. Category II is a higber level of performance (i.e. longer lines and greater impairments).
`II performance and characteristics are not required for compliance with
`this
`Category
`Recommendation.
`This Recommendation defines several optional capabilities and features:
`echo cancellation;
`trellis coded modulation;
`dual latency;
`transport of a network timing reference;
`•
`transport of STM and/or A TM;
`•
`reduced overhead framing modes.
`•
`It is the intention of this Recommendation to provide, by negotiation during initialization, for
`U-interface compatibility and
`interoperability between
`transceivers complying
`to
`this
`Recommendation and between transceivers that include different combinations of options.
`Source
`ITU-T Recommendation G.992.1 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 15 (1997-2000) and was
`approved under the WTSC Resolution No. I procedure on 22 June 1999.
`
`•
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`Recommendation G.992.1
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`(06/99)
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`location are specified. Equipment may be implemented witb additional functions and procedures.
`
`References
`2
`The following ITU-T Recommendations and otber references contain provisions which, through
`reference in tbis text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At tbe time of publication, tbe
`editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and otber references are subject to revision; all
`users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate tbe possibility of applying tbe
`most recent edition oftbe Recommendations and otber references listed below. A list oftbe currently
`valid lTU-T Recommendations is regularly published.
`lTU-T Recommendation 0.961 (1993), Digital transmission system on metallic local lines
`for ISDN basic rate access.
`ITU-T Recommendation 0.994.1 (1999), Handshake procedures for Digital Subscriber Line
`(DSL) transceivers.
`ITU-T Recommendation 0.996.1 (1999), Test procedures for Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
`transceivers.
`lTU-T Recommendation 0.997.1 (1999), Physical layer management for Digital Subscriber
`Line (DSL) transceivers.
`ITU-T Recommendation I.361 (1999), B-ISDN ATM layer specification.
`ITU-T Recommendation 1.432.1 (1999), B-ISDN user-network interface - Physical layer
`specification: General characteristics.
`
`ForAnnexB
`ETSI TS 102080 V1.3.1 (1998), Transmission and MUltiplexing (TM); Integrated Services
`Digital Network (ISDN) basic rate access; Digital transmission system on metallic local
`lines.
`
`ForAnnexE
`ITU-T Recommendation 0.117 (1996), Transmission aspects of unbalance about earth.
`ITU-T Recommendation Q.552 (1996), Transmission characteristics at 2-wire analogue
`interfaces of digital exchanges.
`ETSI ETS 300 00 I ed.4 (1997), Attachments to the Public Switched Telephone Network
`(PSTN); General technical requirements for equipment connected to an analogue subscriber
`interface in the PSTN.
`
`Defmitions
`3
`This Recommendation defines the following terms:
`
`3.1
`
`ADSL Lines: See 5.1/0.997.1.
`ADSL system overhead: All overhead needed for system control, including eRe, Eoe,
`3.2
`Aoe synchronization bytes, fixed indicator bits for OAM, and FEe; tbat is, tbe difference between
`total data rate and net data rate.
`
`Recommendation G.992.1
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`,(06/99)
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`aggregate data rate: Data rate transmitted by an ADSL system in anyone direction; it
`3.3
`includes both net data rate and overhead used by the system for EOC, AOC, CRC check bytes, fixed
`indicator bits for OAM, synchronization control bytes and capacity for bearer charmel
`synchronization control (i.e. KF + K/ times 32 kbitls); it does not include Reed-Solomon FEC
`redundancy.
`anomalies: An anomaly is a discrepancy between the actual and desired characteristics of an
`3.4
`item. The desired characteristics may be expressed in the form of a specification. An anomaly may
`or may not affect the ability of an item to perform a required function. Performance anomalies are
`defined in 9.3.1.1 (see Figure 9-4).
`
`bearer channel: A user data stream of a specified data rate that is transported transparently
`3.5
`by an ADSL system.
`
`bridged taps: Sections of unterminated twisted-pair cables connected in parallel across the
`3.6
`cable under consideration.
`
`category I: Basic category of transceivers with no performance-enhancing options, which
`3.7
`meet a basic set of performance requirements.
`
`3.8
`category II: Category of transceivers with performance-enhancing options which meet an
`expanded set of performance requirements.
`
`3.9
`
`channelization: Allocation of the net data rate to bearer channels.
`
`data frame: A grouping of bytes from fast and interleaved paths over a single symbol time
`3.10
`period after addition ofFEC bytes and after interleaving (at reference point C of Figure 7-5).
`
`3.11
`data symbol rate: The net average rate (after allowing for the overhead of the
`synchronization symbol) at which symbols carrying user data are transmitted (= 4 kbaud).
`
`3.12
`dBrn: Ratio (in decibels) of a power level with respect to a reference power of I pico-Watt
`(equivalent-90 dBm) (reference: Recommendation 0.41 -Annex A).
`
`defects: A defect is a limited interruption in the ability of an item to perform a required
`3.13
`function. It mayor may not lead to maintenance action depending on the results of additional
`analysis. Successive anomalies causing a decrease in the ability of an item to perform a required
`function are considered as a defect (see Figure 9-4).
`
`3.14 DMT symbol: A set of complex values {Zj} forming the frequency domain inputs to the
`inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) (see 7.11.2). The DMT symbol is equivalently the set of
`real valued time samples, {xn}, related to the set of (Zd via the IDFT.
`downstream: The transport of data in the ATU-C to A TU-R direction.
`3.15
`
`3.16
`dual latency: Simultaneous transport of multiple data bearer charmels in anyone direction,
`in which user data is allocated to both the fast and interleaved paths; that is, SUm(BF) > 0 and
`sum(BV> O.
`'
`
`embedded operations channel: A component of ADSL system overhead which provides
`3.17
`communications between management entities in the A TU-C and ATU-R. It includes both clear
`charmel and stateful messaging modes.
`
`far-end: Far-end means performance of the downstream loop-side received signal at the
`3.18
`input of the ATU-R, where this performance is reported to the ATU-C in upstream indicators (see
`Figure 9-4), or performance of the upstream loop-side received signal at the input of the ATU-C,
`where this performance is reported to the ATU-R in downstream overhead indicators; this case is a
`mirror image of the above (see Figure 9-4).
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`FEC output data frame: The grouping of bytes from fast or interleaved path over a single
`3.19
`symbol time period after addition of FEC bytes and before interleaving (at reference point B,
`Figures 7-8, and 7-9).
`3.20
`indicator bits: Bits used for OAM purposes; embedded in the synchronization bytes.
`3.21
`loading coils: Inductors placed in series with the cable at regular intervals in order to
`improve the voiceband response; removed for DSL use.
`3.22 Mux data frame: The grouping of bytes from fast or interleaved path over a single symbol
`time period before addition of FEC bytes and before interleaving (at reference point A, Figures 7-8
`and 7-9).
`3.23
`near-end: Near·end means performance of the loop-side received signal at the input of the
`A TU (see Figure 9-4).
`net data rate: Data rate that is available for user data in anyone direction; for the
`3.24
`downstream direction this is the sum of the net simplex and duplex data rates.
`network timing reference: An 8 kHz timing marker used to support the distribution of a
`3.25
`timing reference over the network.
`3.26
`primitives: Primitives are basic measures of performance, usually obtained from digital
`signal line codes and frame formats, or as reported in overhead indicators from the far-end.
`Performance primitives are categorized as events, anomalies and defects. Primitives may also be
`basic measures of other quantities (e.g. ac or battery power), usually obtained from equipment
`indicators (see Figure 9-4).
`
`snbcarrier: A particular complex valued input, Z;, to the IDFT (see 7.11.2).
`3.27
`showtime: The state of either A TU-C or A TU-R - reached after all initialization and
`3.28
`training is completed - in which user data is transmitted.
`
`single latency: Simultaneous transport of one or more bearer channels in anyone direction,
`3.29
`in which all user data is allocated to either the fast or the interleaved path; that is, either sum(BF) > 0
`or sum(B0 > o.
`3.30
`splitter: Filter that separates the high frequency signals (ADSL) from the voiceband signals;
`(frequently called POTS splitter even though the voiceband signals may comprise more than POTS).
`3.31
`superframe: A grouping of 68 data symbols and one synchronization symbol, over a total
`time duration of 17 ms (see Figure 7-5).
`3.32
`symbol rate: The rate at which all symbols, including the synchronization symbol, are
`transmitted [(69/68)*4.0 = 4.0588 kbaudl; contrasted with the data symbol rate.
`sync byte: An overhead byte present at the beginning of each mux data frame (called "fast"
`3.33
`byte in the fast path and "sync" byte in the interleaved path).
`sync frame: A frame with deterministic content sent in the 69th symbol of a superframe
`3.34
`(called "synchronization symbol" in Figure 7-5).
`3.35
`thresholds: See clause 8/G.997.1.
`3.36
`Threshold Crossing Alert: See Recommendation G.997.1.
`3.37
`total data rate: Aggregate data rate plus FEC overhead.
`npstream: The transport of data in the ATU·R to ATU-C direction.
`3.38
`voiceband: 0 to 4 kHz; expanded from the traditional 0.3 to 3.4 kHz to deal with voiceband
`3.39
`data services wider than POTS.
`3.40
`voiceband services: POTS and all data services that use the voiceband or some part of it.
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`Recommendation G.992.1
`
`(06/99)
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