1
`
`SYNCHRONOSS Exhibit 2010
`Dropbox, Inc. v. Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. - IPR2016-00851
`
`

`

`The
`
`DICTIONARY
`2nd Edition
`
`JULIE K. PETERSEN
`
`CRC PRESS
`
`2
`
`SYNCHRONOSS Exhibit 2010
`Dropbox, Inc. v. Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. - IPR2016-00851
`
`

`

`c.'" ~. c......, 1100 ""''' ...., ........ . - . .. ..,., ,.,.".,. , ........ ., _
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`IN<<1 all ,_ . ~, .. otC 1'"", !.!.C. :1000 N .W. C.....,.-... H",,". Hon K_. ~ ...... ,,,,,, •
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`Tn' dn,," and "YOll' II)' "" ... ,_ .
`" ... " ........ Dd p/>oO» ~. "" ... tho< ........ """'''' ... """"" .
`VI"U lh~ C KC P.-- \\,~h Silt ~I >I'>I· .. • •• "'p ........ om
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`N~ ,j" .. 10 "" J'''' u.s. ""',,, ... '" """',
`1"" ... -.1 s....J.nI Iloo(, N ......... Il-I<4'JJ.' 17J.X
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`p,,,",,, .. ",od·lf« (>0(><'
`
`3
`
`SYNCHRONOSS Exhibit 2010
`Dropbox, Inc. v. Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. - IPR2016-00851
`
`

`

`><iminislralCs tho <lo'"ge of a",l "",ce .. 10 files. of(cid:173)
`kn through. cli.nll.., ..... "" mode l. in which multipic
`uoc,.. ma~c ""I"".lSto the f'k sc,,'cr through thcdi_
`mt ""ftwarc. Th i. Iy,tem =1",,<:, redu ..... nt $In"'g"
`of fi ... on inlli,idu.l ,y"em,.nd mak., it ... i",.nd
`f."cr 10 u!"l.te individu.1 files. The scrwr 01..,
`Nndl'" fllo locks. so ilitt, files cannot be .in,ult.(cid:173)
`..... "Qu.IY updat<:d.oo ""'od by mult;pk u"'fl. Usu(cid:173)
`ally. a dedicOlc<i fllc .c,,'c.,. i. cquipp<:<l with high
`"""'go capacity. and it m,y m:tn:t8e "-"emity Ic\·d.
`for ace'" 10 Ihe fiic •. Nel"mI: I'li< Sy'tem (NFS)
`i •• oonlloonly u",d Uni. me ....... ·cr 'ysl<1l\ from Sun
`Mi"""yste,n. lhat i, implemented on mOllY p lot(cid:173)
`fonns.
`fil. "'t.-cr. t'r;lme Rolay In, I' .. me Relay netwon.
`the m, scr"". i. 0 de"k" thai p",.ide. e""neelion.
`" 'ilh 10nni""I •. control. 1""SI"i"ion flow. and pro(cid:173)
`vides .nd-Io-end ",kMwkdgmenl and etror ","c,w(cid:173)
`cry.
`Fil. S.,,·ice 1· ... "0.01 FSP. A file t",n<fer protO<ol
`some,,'h'l sim ilar to Fil< Tr:""fer Prot""ol (FTP)
`originally Je"c l<>pe<l for Unix by Wcn-Kin~ Su, II i,
`• IO"'-load (tIOnfo<~ing). ",.""",bly robust protocol
`INt p<nnilS l",n.fefS 10 be ",sun"'" from Ilk: point
`Jl ... hich they sloppetl if lhe ...... vcr ~"'" down lem(cid:173)
`po",,;ly Of. if deslrc-d .• 1I0\\" for I"'n;al file t",n,_
`fcr, from • >1"'" if'od ]>Oinl.
`FSI' i. """"'''hat lik AtIOnymou> FrP e.copt that
`il doe .. ·1 require a u,",mame and I"'",,,ord. For iden·
`lific.lion.nd IoUing purpo"'<, the host domain of
`the u"'r il ... "COrtlc-d . It i< al!OO cI.imcd that it i, leI>
`p<~"" I~ ",,,,,,r altac~, Ih .. 'y"em, with Fll' ."'''(cid:173)
`cr>. I'SP ",lie, "" ilittag",m, "'ther ,han Tep sock(cid:173)
`.Ii for ilS I ",n,n,i .. lo" COnn«l ion •• nd ">os lhe .. "'''
`pen for communkalioo,. Sec rile Transfer Proto-
`00'.
`m. , harin!: Acre" by mo", than one """r. 100m,,""
`time'" the sam< tin"'. depending on the natu", of
`lhe data. 10 file, that ""'y be on 0 .. 'y"em 0" • net(cid:173)
`work 0< sp",.d oul oVer "", .. ral ,,'''''''stalions that are
`in!Cracc ... "ible, On the Appk Macintosh. file ,har_
`in~ i, ""'ily ..,. up ,ia utilitie, in the Control Pan"'>
`.., that """won!< Can he , ... ig ..... -d and r. 1e, shared
`with de,ig"",,-d u>c" on the ,y"cm. On. lor!ler ..... ~­
`"mi: .• p.nicul.r n"",hi"" or SC1 of machi""". u'u(cid:173)
`ally with la~e h.rd disk """'to c'p",ily. may be
`d,:die"tro '" file <e",ing.nd ,haring activities, .'i<.-c
`(,k ",,"'<t.
`Fitf l .... n'r.' 1'r(llocnl FJ"P. A uscr-Io:",1 fik .har(cid:173)
`ing protocol ""ohli.hod by the oa, ly 1970. on the
`ARPANto"T.nd now widely implc",.ntod on lhe In(cid:173)
`I<-met in the fonn of FrP 'rehi,," 'ites. Tho: ",,,,,cpt
`of FrP .il"s wa, 10 provide. ,imple. oon,iSlcnt
`mcarIS of p"""'nting "nd ""","inll r.k infOfTTlltt;on
`on a ,·.ricty of t)"I"-" of f1k .rchi". ';Ie,. !OOthe u>cr
`could • .,ily ""'igOle the ,ile and uplood or oo" 'n(cid:173)
`loa<! file. una .. istod, In ulher "'onl •. FTI' ,ilc> NW
`•• "",ist<ot look and fcd: once you"'e learned. few
`o •• y""",mand •. Y"" <an log in, 1001: ."",nd. and get
`,..hat yoo nero without """ing to wony abootthe
`individual charnctoristk. oflhe 'ystcm 011 which the
`file> a", ,"'=I.
`
`Many FTP,itesp"witlopublica,:"e .. through.uscr
`login in which you Iype -.non)'mou,- .. Ihe u,"r_
`na,,,,,. and )'our full email add",,,.s lhe """,,'On!.
`If you hayc. lini. ,hell >ceount with an FrP client.
`you simply Iyp< "ftp- (in,1I lowe."",,,). followod
`by "help" " 'hen il acli'·"e,. to lo~m iIS ba,ic co,n(cid:173)
`""nd, and <.pabilil"". Th,' in«1 ,how • • n .... "'ple
`of •• imp le anony""",. FJ"p login .
`In the "",mple sc"",n ,hown. the USO'\" loS' in.,
`.nonymou,. ,upplies a legilimate ",,,,,iI odd",,,,, as
`lhe I"'ssword .• nd is dropp<:<l inlo a limilod en,iron(cid:173)
`menl " 'here basic di"",1O<)' tnt'cr:si"& oomm.nd, and
`f,l. download eomm,n<!, can be used. The nle ..... gc
`'"(;u«, login ok. "",'e" ""tTie''''", .pply. - i, di$(cid:173)
`pl.yed. Thi • ..,,,ion i, '""ry 'Yrical in that the u""r
`i, promplod 10 disconn«1 if logging of hi' or her
`"'Ii"ilie, is objc"elion.blc and is tIOtifiod lhat Ihore
`"'" "'striclions, Tho uscr, logon number is ,Ito"'n.
`in adJil;oo to the l<>tal nun,ber of f><...,ple on lhe .ys(cid:173)
`tern . If the ,y,tem i, at """cit)·. the u,'" may he
`.,kod I~ II)' .goin or m.y be pro"ided wilh. me,(cid:173)
`.... ge gi"ing lbe adJre>"", of mirror ,iles (,ile, wilh
`the sa",o f,le, in olher 100031ions),
`For me ",n,f .... the~' ",mman<!. followc-d by.
`fllen.n",. will iniliate • me oo"'nlO;td. TItc com(cid:173)
`mands b)'~ or q"il wilt ond a session,
`On Uni . sy"en,s. you can Iypc -man flp" ala slto:lI
`pmmpt 10 ",ad the manual page. for FrP. which in_
`dude. list of comm"" romma"""" FrP flle oown_
`load cap.bilily i. built in'" "10" Web bro",,,,,,, and
`wo,ks t",n'I"'",",ly wilh many Web flk .. "hive,.
`S",'"ral V"J,ialions of lhe File Tran.fcr 1'1'010<:01 ex·
`i.~ and cutdown , eas ier_to-impletncnt ,'.,,;00. ha.'e
`al", hccn de\"clop<d. which a rc de;crihc<l on the In_
`""""t in • .,.iou, Rf:C .. Sec File S."'ice Protocol.
`Simple File Tran.fer Protocol. Tri,·i.1 File Transfc,
`Protocol. RFC 171. RI'C 172. RfC 959.
`me' ... n.'f~t p .... I"."lln;t< geocrnl ",n",. an}' pro_
`gram th>! f",ilil",e. 'he mown",nt of flle' from ~""
`.y,te'" '" another. panicuL>rly through phon<. null
`mn<km. or <>Iher .. rial ilitta link •. or Ihrough the In(cid:173)
`lernet. T'hc", a", mony file transfer pro\O<ois. bu l t"'"
`of the most popular in'pie,nentalion, arc ZMotlom •
`for tekphoDC line t",",fc ' " ,nd File Tr.m,f .. Prooo(cid:173)
`col (FrP) for Intcmcl tntn,f"". (1tItcr popul.,. pro(cid:173)
`~ram' include Kcnn i'. XM<xIem. and YM<xIem .
`M"", de"ilod infom"'lion is inel"Jed in Ihi' diclio(cid:173)
`n.ry under indh'iduallisting' for lhe "ariou. proto(cid:173)
`col •.
`fill ". In ima~e p""",,,ing . • fUll<tion of. softw,,,,
`pro~ram tNI allow. a l:>oonJcd object. 0<" nboo nokd
`c'l"'n...- (such os a scalable ""<\:ground), 10 be finc<i
`or flooded with a COIOT, a gr.Kbtion of ~olor .• lC,(cid:173)
`turc. Or, pollem . Pro~"'m. typically pcrmitthe u$Cr
`to ere3tc autOmat;colly filled grometrie p.llo:m;. or
`i",,~ul>rly >haped p,ttem, lhal con ,u"""'<Iuontly be
`filled. The fill mayor may nol i""lude Ihe ,clual
`oounilitry. orex«nt<. of the SNp<. dcpeooing on lhe
`..,ft .... rc (QUlliM u",,11 y appl;'" to the 0" leT c.,,"",,),
`I'i lis a", typic.lly >ssoci>lL-d wi,h 20 r.i nt pro!",m;:
`in 3D nl<Xkling JI'Og",m,. itO, more common to say
`INt yoo I~Mu". m(Jp .• kin. 0< ~'l"(Ip the ,urf",,, of an
`obj"'l mtherth,n fill il.
`
`'"
`
`4
`
`SYNCHRONOSS Exhibit 2010
`Dropbox, Inc. v. Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. - IPR2016-00851
`
`

`

`TIll' TrI.rommu"iadi,ms lIIu,'rnt(l/ Oirtio"aty
`
`oo,,,Mkml a ooi",blo: .twxICrill;". So<: ~<1'11"";fl.
`-'""0 II .mnll Sa: >cro hil .. ..."ion.
`« ' 0 ~.ppr.,..ion n.. .Iimination o f ,.,..,. rhal ....
`110' _""insful. Zero ouppreslion;' " f,.n yiN to
`;n<:"'''~ 1he readability of in("""",I1"" " 'j,b "'adin~
`~.""'. for r"",,,"inS Qr,m" .. "iuion purpo<e •• which
`IO.'ould <"",,,wise he di,'rac,,"!! 01 confusing '0' hu(cid:173)
`man ",ad<., In these cases. ,Ile l.cM"'" oflen ",.
`piKed wi,h a hi"". (a lfl'c. ell,,,,,., •• on l"imoulsj.
`T:obks and column:l1 do,. (lik. fin."d,,1 JUle""'''I')
`are """"Uy pri .... :d "'ilh UJ1) suppn:uion.
`ttro ' ra ,",mko;ion Itnl • .,r.",n« point Fa an a.(cid:173)
`b"ranljl .. kaed poin! in" .;"",it. a 10."01 radinl
`,hal is Mlbscqllenlly • .cd ',3il\$l . " .. "' .. 10 ...........
`lr:>n>n.,>fioo 1e,..,1s in 01110. pointS of rho circuit or
`II ,lie .. me point., aMlII..- 6mc. In ICk.'I''''''''' lr3.nl·
`missions, ,he ref,,,,,,,,,,, poinl,1 frcqll<n,iy ..,k<olCd
`., Ihe Iocalion of ,he sour<:<: of ,he ,,,,,,,mission.
`•• ro Us;lM< <. slOm .. " li.,ed sub5t.ib<:, ,,'110 ILl' 1101
`used rhi: nc1""'" 10 "'lIkh he Qt.hc h •• """"."
`u . urill . .. , oiu To insert lho len.> du."",'c, inw
`unused >I0I"01" I<><al;"" •. Thi. i. done'<Yr. """,,-y
`01' "'3_': for f",."..uinK. forc"'allnl spao<: sa'.."...
`alld 5OfI1(Iim .. as a «by m«/ullism 10 ""'leh up
`Ir:IMITli .. ion .... C . . ""illl OUlpld .".., .. of "" ... .,.(cid:173)
`,,"Ip.n de .. ", .. (prinl.,.... fKolmile mxhi~ cle.).
`,.,ta· Z.II Sl3ll<lanl """'" prcfi1 of Iho Sy~me I".
`.enl;llionalc (S I). Tbe ,.olta unil is used in ..,itnlir",
`mcuu",,,,cnl ""<Iuiring "<''f)' brl" ""mllC .. . 1Id rep(cid:173)
`",senlS 10" o. l.000.000.()()}.()()}.()()}.OOO.OOO o.
`1000' in d.,tim.l, 50.", YOlla·.1.<plo- .
`Z I ~' Sw ""I'<) in .. rtion fOfU.
`Z lnu.w ...... n n. Philip R. A 10ft"'''''' enlil\l:<'f and
`cryp' O!:"'I'hy specialisL t.e.l hown for dt"dopin~
`"'" I'h:lly Good rn,,,,,y (I'GP) nl<'f)'ptlOfllChome
`booed ul"'" Ibo Olo" 'fioh ItChnolo&Y. Zi"""""""""
`is Ibo founde.oI' PGP. "':. Ik i,. soft .... '" mJineeJ
`" 'lIh a Ionl !Uj;lory al np< .......... in CT}'P'Of;rapby.
`11:11.1 ~.ri.y. da.I:o con.mmicalioos. and r<:>11IIfi< .~
`h<ddcd sy"om, dt"eiopment.
`Zimlll(tl,,:mn has IlCen honored .... ',h nu",crou, hu·
`m,ni t.ri. n .",-.,do due to hi$~" tribulion '" lhe ",fe·
`,uardin! nf pcrsonol privocy. includinll the 1996
`Norl>crt Wier." A",'3I'd. the 1995 l'iI>n<'<'r A .... 3tIl from
`lbe Ekclronic Fronli .. r ..... ndation. and lIWIy more.
`Zimmmn:;llln i, • mcmbct allhe lnll.'fTIOtio ... 1 As(cid:173)
`_101"", ofCryptoioric R~h.lhe AosociOlion
`'Of Compul"'! M""hinay (ACM). a'" OIbo:TJ. Sa
`Olo"·fi,,,. I'GP Inc. Pretly Good 1'ri''OoCy.
`. ;M In. A m.ol1tablc. blu;sh nICl.1l1ic e""",", "" iIll •
`",'ati'''''y high elec1ropolcnt;'1. u""ful in plaling. dip"
`pin~. a'" ph'3ni,.iDll. 10 p",wnl rorrosioo in ollte.
`mel.ls. Comhinod ""ilh coppe •. il 'orm~ hr:!ss. uS<.-d
`f<)f pipi.,. con'truetion ",cc$5oric, .• nd OOuschold
`items.
`,tip •. To bundle up or ""'"pte ... file or "" 01' fiI".s.
`us ... lly for InMftniOI oran:hi~;nl. ".,. term is 00\II
`<:<:Oll""""ly • .<Cd for any "",h ptlXCSSln, (lippinl)
`o f file ... "'pnJk .. of Ibo arcb"" ulihly • .<Cd. hili
`o.i"naUy "ferred 10 pro, .. mJ called , ·lip .t>d
`PkZIP. Sa m. 1IOItIf""$" II.lp. PkZl P. y~.
`Z II' 7"""" l nf,,",,"lion 1'n>1Qro1.
`
`1022
`
`.ip rod. II series al ch3rac", .. addtd 10. lI\;Iil ad.
`drc .. lhM ~lr ... tlIC~inalion inonktlocx pc.-
`dile deh,,,,),. In C ....... and the U.K. (calk.-d (lMID'
`rodr). ~ COO,isl, al numbers .... klll:f1. In II>< U.S.
`il ronsi ... oI'fi,,, di,i"" a h)'pbc:n. ond foor a<klilional
`di~i1S """'" n:crot Iy inlrod""<.-d u • roulinl rode. Zi P
`rodo. can he oplic. ll y .. ~nned and ""nl'o""cl inlO
`!>aT cnd<:. f<)f rrocc .. ing hy .utO[1\aI<.-d ",.il 'Yllcn" ,
`lipj>C'd Sec zip.ltip. PKZ1 P.
`Zi~ Stt Lcmpcl·Zi •.
`ZMocIcm A fa",. n"ibl •. mo ......... """I. 'ull""u·
`pleJl file IranlS.,. <1> .. Inn""' ...... proIOCOJ ,;mil ...
`10 XMod<m.nd YModtm. bul with ~pdII'" and cn·
`I'IoIIC"" ....... YModem and ZModem .... ,," ",'riI1C1I by
`Oouc\ r'Of'Sloc1&.
`ZMod<m i. "'.,11 suppo<1cd by ,·.rioIo. lek-commu(cid:173)
`nication. pro, •• n,.. and m,ny ~O Ss and Jervice
`burr ••• """ il .
`ZMooJc ln i,,<l ude. fallback anddyn:unic aoJjustmcnl
`of p:ockcI sitt. ",'hid. i, import:lnl if llIe rortn«lion
`i. a Ii"" wilh n"CI",'in, .b."",,<.iS1ic,. One of
`7 .... 1o<lo:m 'lfn~ .... hL,bldc.3lun:. is ilsabilily 10 re·
`SUmo a fil< lra ... f., llIal .... 110m ab<ll1«l. Wilh al·
`mMI aU ca.I,.,. <Iffi< lOp onUJ file InftJ.f Ofl""lf'l"il.
`if lhe line ... 'U inltmlfllCd or Ibo fik Ir.mdeubon«i
`99% 01' ,he .... y ihroulh. lhe prolram ... ",,101 SW1
`
`IlIan ",s.umin~ fmm where illeft off. ZM o.Io", can
`del<:<1 ' part,., role .•• tohli.b a IItW ,,.nin, poinl al
`
`",31. from lhe beli,..,i.g .. iIrn """,,,,,,,,,,ed. ralher
`lhe e'" o f ttl<: p:1f'Ilallile. and rollli" uc I ... n~nilting
`unlilthe I ... nsfc. i, complelcd o. inlerrup",d. If
`you'vo ""C, $pent a "","pic of hours Iran,fcrrin, •
`''''ry bile filc on a $10"" link a'" 10., il ",·lIo:n thl;
`I.......,~ion ....... 110001 complete.)'Ou will app""
`C;'I. ZM"dem'$ -1<'<1"''''- ftalure. S« XModrm.
`YModcnl.
`ZOG II hllh'perf,,",,"noe fra..,.,.. and link_hued
`h),pmc.I')'JIcm deoi~lItd for 10<;0.1 area "",,",,,,",.
`(IJ1.N,) do"e~" Ca....,,;" Mellon Un i,cni,y.
`II has e"oh'od inlo • conln",,,,i . 1 prodUCI "llod
`Kno",'kdi" M "na~c"",m Sy •• em (kMS).
`~lInf J. lin arca. u,ually cOnl;guou •. whi"h ""Y Of
`may 001 he Jelf ... ont.incd ; o. ha, IOJnC <"",",on
`chorao:kriS1'" "" illtin i!SClf: Of ,,'hich i, diS1iniuished
`a, d iff"",nl. III...,.,.. ..... y. from lho ... rrou ... inl area;
`or "hoch ;, 011 i,1'I/Id 00 Ibo basis of si • .<:. popooUlioft.
`or _
`O1her ~mic or pra<1ic.1 cb;sractcri.,ic
`(as i. shlPPlII1 """"~ 2. II scnio<I of rompu"" ........
`a~ allocoiCd ora particular putpOW. 3. 1" orkphooc
`IIOItImunica.iono. a ."..,if",d:tml oulside llIe local
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`SYNCHRONOSS Exhibit 2010
`Dropbox, Inc. v. Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. - IPR2016-00851
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