FILE HISTORY
`US 5,659,891
`
`5,659,891
`PATENT:
`INVENTORS: Hays, William D.
`Cameron, Dennis
`Roehr, Walter
`
`TITLE:
`
`Multicarrier techniques in bandlimited
`channels
`
`APPLICATION
`NO:
`FILED:
`ISSUED:
`
`US1995480718A
`
`07 JUN 1995
`19 AUG 1997
`
`COMPILED:
`
`13 JUN 2013
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 1
`
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`U.S. DEPT. _OF COMM./ PAT. & TM-PTO-436L (Rev.12-94)
`
`PARTS OF APPLICATION/OFEYr
`FILED SEPARATELY
`
`NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED
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`CLAIMS ALLOWED
`.- Jy,.Total Claims
`Print Claim
`
`DRAWING
`Sheets Drwg. Figs. Drwg.
`
`Print Fig.
`
`Label
`Area
`
`Form PTO-436A
`(Rev. 8/92)
`
`-----
`/
`WARNING: The information disclosed herein may be restricted. Unauthorized disclosure may be prohibited
`by the United States Code Title 35, Sections 122, 181 and 368. Possession outside the U.S.
`Patent & Trademark Office is restricted to authorized employees and contractors only.
`
`(FACE)
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`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 2
`
`

`
`5,659,891 
`
`MULTICARRIER TECHNIQUES IN BANDLIMITED CHANNELS 
`
`Transaction History 
`
`Transaction Description 
`Date  
`7/21/1995  Notice Mailed‐‐Application Incomplete‐‐Filing Date Assigned 
`8/9/1995  Request for Foreign Priority (Priority Papers May Be Included) 
`9/6/1995  Preliminary Amendment 
`10/3/1995 
`Information Disclosure Statement (IDS) Filed 
`10/3/1995 
`Information Disclosure Statement (IDS) Filed 
`11/9/1995  Miscellaneous Incoming Letter 
`11/13/1995  Application Is Now Complete 
`12/5/1995  Application Captured on Microfilm 
`12/18/1995  Case Docketed to Examiner in GAU 
`1/17/1996  Mail Miscellaneous Communication to Applicant 
`1/17/1996  Miscellaneous Communication to Applicant ‐ No Action Count 
`2/5/1996  Non‐Final Rejection 
`2/9/1996  Mail Non‐Final Rejection 
`8/9/1996  Response after Non‐Final Action 
`8/9/1996  Request for Extension of Time ‐ Granted 
`8/21/1996  Date Forwarded to Examiner 
`10/28/1996  Final Rejection 
`10/29/1996  Mail Final Rejection (PTOL ‐ 326) 
`1/21/1997  Amendment after Final Rejection 
`1/28/1997  Date Forwarded to Examiner 
`2/4/1997  Mail Notice of Allowance 
`2/4/1997  Notice of Allowance Data Verification Completed 
`2/4/1997  Mail Examiner's Amendment 
`2/4/1997  Examiner's Amendment Communication 
`3/3/1997  Mailroom Date of Drawing(s) 
`3/7/1997  Drawing(s) Matched to Application 
`3/7/1997  Drawing(s) Received at Publications 
`3/25/1997  Drawing(s) Processing Completed 
`4/3/1997  Mailroom Date of Drawing(s) 
`4/10/1997  Drawing(s) Matched to Application 
`4/10/1997  Drawing(s) Received at Publications 
`4/30/1997  Drawing(s) Processing Completed 
`5/1/1997 
`Issue Fee Payment Verified 
`7/14/1997 
`Issue Notification Mailed 
`8/19/1997  Recordation of Patent Grant Mailed 
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 3
`
`

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`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 4
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 4
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`

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`Date
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`PATENT APPLICATION
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`08480718
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 5
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`INDEX OF CLAIMS
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`69
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`76
`77
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`SYMBOLS
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`82
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`83
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`84
`A ................................ Appeal
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`86
`87
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`93
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`95
`96
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`/1,
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`12
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`13
`14
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`15
`162
`173
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`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
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`31
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`34
`35
`36
`37
`38
`39
`40
`41
`42
`43
`44
`45
`46
`47
`48
`49
`50
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 7
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 8
`
`

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`FILE 'USPAT' ENTERED AT 12:46:04 ON 15 OCT 96
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`TO THE
`WELCOME
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`U.S. P A T E N T
`T E X T
`*
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`110 MULTICARRIER
`188216 MULTI
`254738 CARRIER
`118 MULTI-CARRIER
`(MULTI(W)CARRIER)
`L1
`198 MULTICARRIER OR MULTI-CARRIER
`=> d 11 1-10
`
`1. 5,563,909, Oct. 8, 1996, Radio communication system; Isao Nakazawa,
`375/224; 342/196; 375/347 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`2. 5,561,686, Oct. 1, 1996, Radio information communication system using
`**multi**-**carrier** spread spectrum transmission system; Hiroshi
`Kobayashi, et al., 375/200 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`3. 5,559,830, Sep. 24, 1996, Equalization system for AM compatible
`digital receiver; Mark J. Dapper, et al., 375/230, 232 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`4. 5,557,612, Sep. 17, 1996, Method and apparatus for establishing
`communication in a multi-tone data transmission system; John A. C.
`Bingham, 370/71, 124 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`5. 5,555,257, Sep. 10, 1996, Cellular/satellite communications system
`with improved frequency re-use; Paul W. Dent, 370/95.1; 342/352; 379/58;
`455/13.3, 54.1, 63 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`6. 5,551,070, Aug. 27, 1996, Cartesian **multicarrier** feedback; Ulf
`Skarby, et al., 455/126; 330/149; 375/261; 455/103, 119 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`7. 5,550,812, Aug. 27, 1996, System for broadcasting and receiving
`digital data, receiver and transmitter for use in such system; Norbert J.
`L. Philips, 370/19, 69.1; 375/362; 455/182.2 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`8. 5,548,813, Aug. 20, 1996, Phased array cellular base station and
`associated methods for enhanced power efficiency; Philippe M. Charas, et
`al., 455/33.2; 343/890; 455/53.1 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`9. 5,548,671, Aug. 20, 1996, Programmable, differential wavelength
`discriminator; Chi Wu, et al., 385/37, 45 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`10. 5,548,582, Aug. 20, 1996, **Multicarrier** frequency hopping
`communications system; Americo Brajal, et al., 370/18, 20, 23; 375/202
`[IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 9
`
`

`
`4,858,225 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`L3:
`
`1
`
`f2
`
`USPANO
`
`SUMMARY:
`
`BSUM(8)
`
`According .
`bandwidth B.sub.T while the remaining bandwidth
`.
`.
`B.sub.T -B.sub.x may be channelized into a multiplicity of narrow VBVCF
`channels suitable for **multicarrier** traffic with a varying number of
`different carriers. In its operation, each channel is subsequently routed
`to a defined downlink.
`
`DETDESC:
`
`DETD (10)
`
`.
`carrier, variable bit rate traffic in uplink plan 20 occupies
`A .
`.
`a useful bandwidth B.sub.x 22 from f.sub.T1 to f.sub.xl while
`**multicarrier** traffic occupies a bandwidth B.sub.T -B.sub.x from
`f.sub.x2 to f.sub.T2. In this example, **multicarrier** traffic is
`assigned to two connectivity paths 23 and 24 each containing traffic
`destined to the same downlink beam.
`
`DETDESC:
`
`DETD (11)
`
`with the M-th channelization level of passband 32. Under
`The .
`.
`.
`these circumstances, the adjacent channel interference (ACI) between
`single carrier and **multicarrier** traffic is suppressed more than 39
`dB. The center frequency of passband 32 is f.sub.RC =(f.sub.R3
`+f.sub.R4)/2. It is referred.
`
`DETDESC:
`
`DETD (41)
`
`If .
`according to the relationship f.sub.X1 -(f.sub.LO
`.
`.
`+B'.sub.X)=f.sub.R2. In this way, all single carrier traffic remains
`within passband 31 while all **multicarrier** traffic is within passband
`32. Traffic within the bandwidth 32 emerges from port 47 of the
`paralleling circuit 46. Output.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS (7)
`
`variable bandwidth variable center-frequency satellite
`7. .
`.
`.
`communications system as recited in claim 6 wherein the filter banks of
`adjacent subchannels have **asymmetric** transmission amplitude
`characteristics at the edges thereof.
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 10
`
`

`
`US PAT NO:
`
`4,757,495 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`L3:
`
`1
`
`f2
`
`ABSTRACT:
`The .
`quality, a requested data rate, or a value indicating the
`.
`.
`relative user weighting of speech quality and data rate. A
`**multi**-**carrier** multi-mode modulation scheme is employed for data
`transmission, with this scheme having the ability to fully utilize the
`remaining bandwidth,.
`
`SUMMARY:
`
`BSUM (26)
`
`The first component is a **multi**-**carrier**, multi-mode, ensemble
`modem as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 06-736,200 filed
`May 20, 1985 entitled "Ensemble Modem Structure.
`
`DETDESC:
`
`DETD(61)
`
`Duplex protocol approach is that the full transmission
`The .
`.
`capacity of the link is available at all times to respond to
`**asymmetric** data transmission requirements.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(33)
`
`33.
`for data transmission, said evaluating means being operatively
`associated with the selecting means for said selecting of the data
`sub-band, and
`**multicarrier** data transmitting means for transmitting data in the
`data sub-band on a plurality of carriers.
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 11
`
`

`
`US PAT NO:
`
`4,328,902 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`L3:
`
`2
`
`f2
`
`SUMMARY:
`
`BSUM(4)
`
`The Muller and Masser patents are examples of prior art interlocking
`carriers which have **asymmetrical** interlocking arrangements that are
`both difficult to fabricate and time consuming to assemble. The Cornelius
`patent requires that the carriers.
`
`SUMMARY:
`
`BSUM (5)
`
`It .
`desirable and it is an object of this invention to provide
`.
`.
`carrier units which may be readily interlocked into a
`**multi**-**carrier** assembly.
`
`US PAT NO:
`TITLE:
`
`L3: 21 of 21
`3,898,566 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`Method and apparatus for reducing distortion in
`**multicarrier** communication systems
`
`SUMMARY:
`
`BSUM(2)
`
`The .
`patent application using harmonically related coherent
`.
`.
`carriers for transmitting a plurality of multiplexed signals such as
`television programs in a **multicarrier** communications system were
`deemed to be sufficiently great to outweigh the possible disadvantage of
`a theoretically predicted increase in crossmodulation..
`
`SUMMARY:
`
`BSUM(9)
`
`The present invention thus provides a method of reducing distortion such
`as crossmodulation between modulated carriers in a **multicarrier**
`communication system by establishing a coherent harmonic frequency
`relationship between the carriers, combining the carriers to transmit a
`signal which.
`
`DETDESC:
`
`DETD (11)
`
`forms of both FIG. la and FIG. lb are symmetrical about .pi.
`In .
`.
`.
`radians, no consideration has yet been given to.**asymmetry** as must be
`done in more complex cases. However, it will be noted that in FIG. lb the
`peak-to-peak excursion.
`
`DETDESC:
`
`DETD (41)
`.
`Again .
`and +9.73 for a peak-to-peak excursion of 21.63. The
`reduction factor in this case is 21.63/50 = 0.432 and the **asymmetry**
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 12
`
`

`
`biasing is (11.90-9.73)/2 = 1.08.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(1)
`
`What we claim is:
`
`1. The method of reducing distortion in a **multicarrier** CATV cable
`communication system comprising the steps of:
`a. establishing a harmonically related coherent frequency relationship
`between the carriers of.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(3)
`
`3. The method of reducing distortion in a **multi**-**carrier**
`communication system in which a plurality of said carriers is
`individually modulated and then combined to form a vector sum.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(4)
`
`4. The method of reducing distortion in a **multi**-**carrier**
`communication system in which a plurality of said carriers is
`individually modulated and then combined to form a vector sum.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(5)
`
`5. The method of reducing distortion in a **multi**-**carrier**
`communication system in which a plurality of said carriers is
`individually modulated and then combined to form a vector sum.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS (6)
`
`6. In a **multi**-**carrier** communication system, the improvement
`comprising;
`a. means to estalish a harmonically related coherent frequency
`relationship between the carriers of said.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(7)
`
`7. In a **multi**-**carrier** CATV cable system, the improvement
`comprising:
`a. means to establish a harmonically related coherent frequency
`relationship between the carriers of.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS (8)
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 13
`
`

`
`8. In a **multi**-**carrier** CATV cable system, the improvement
`comprising:
`a. means to establish a harmonically related coherent frequency
`relationship between the carriers of.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS (9)
`
`9. In a **multi**-**carrier**.CATV cable system, the improvement
`comprising:
`a. means to establish a harmonically related coherent frequency
`relationship between the carriers of.
`
`CLAIMS:
`
`CLMS(28)
`
`28. .
`the visual effect of triple beat and other second and third
`.
`.
`order distortion in the transmitted multiplexed signal in a
`**multi**-**carrier** cable television system having the same channel
`frequency bandwidth for each channel, said method comprising the steps
`of:
`a. providing.
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 14
`
`

`
`=> d 13 1-21
`
`1. 5,557,612, Sep. 17, 1996, Method and apparatus for establishing
`communication in a multi-tone data transmission system; John A. C.
`Bingham, 370/71, 124 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`2. 5,550,812, Aug. 27, 1996, System for broadcasting and receiving
`digital data, receiver and transmitter for use in such system; Norbert J.
`L. Philips, 370/19, 69.1; 375/362; 455/182.2 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`3. 5,519,731, May 21, 1996, ADSL compatible discrete multi-tone
`apparatus for mitigation of T1 noise; John M. Cioffi, 375/260; 348/388,
`436; 370/6, 70; 375/240, 285, 296, 340, 346; 379/93 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`4. 5,506,141, Apr. 9, 1996, Apertured cell carrier; Arye Weinreb, et
`al., 435/309.1; 422/101; 435/288.4, 307.1, 308.1 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`5. 5,479,447, Dec. 26, 1995, Method and apparatus for adaptive, variable
`bandwidth, high-speed data transmission of a **multicarrier** signal over
`digital subscriber lines; Peter S. Chow, et al., 375/260; 370/118;
`375/377 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`6. 5,461,640, Oct. 24, 1995, Method and system for optimizing an
`equalizer in a data transmission system; Alan Gatherer, 375/231;
`364/724.2 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`7. 5,408,260, Apr. 18, 1995, Customer premises ADSL signal distribution
`arrangement; Ephraim Arnon, 348/6, 12; 455/5.1 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`8. 5,400,322, Mar. 21, 1995, Updating of bit allocations in a
`**multicarrier** modulation transmission system; Ronald R. Hunt, et al.,
`370/19, 76, 121 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`9. 5,329,249, Jul. 12, 1994, High efficiency RF power amplifier; Stephen
`C. Cripps, 330/302, 306 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`10. 5,321,542, Jun. 14, 1994, Control method and apparatus for wireless
`data link; Richard F. Freitas, et al., 359/172, 113, 152; 370/84 [IMAGE
`AVAILABLE]
`
`11. 5,317,596, May 31, 1994, Method and apparatus for echo cancellation
`with discrete multitone modulation; Minnie Ho, et al., 375/232; 370/32.1;
`379/410, 411 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`12. 5,310,674, May 10, 1994, Apertured cell carrier; Arye Weinreb, et
`al., 435/286.1; 422/101; 435/308.1, 309.1 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`13. 5,272,081, Dec. 21, 1993, System and methods for cell selection;
`Arye Weinreb, et al., 435/240.1, 240.2, 240.21, 243, 261, 948 [IMAGE
`AVAILABLE]
`
`14. 5,119,042, Jun. 2,, 1992, Solid state power amplifier with
`dynamically adjusted operating point; David L. Crampton, et al., 330/295,
`136, 284, 285; 455/116, 126, 127, 129 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`15. 5,017,885, May 21, 1991, Optical amplifier with reduced
`nonlinearity; Adel A. M. Saleh, 359/337, 124, 181 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 15
`
`

`
`16. 4,858,225, Aug. 15, 1989, Variable bandwidth variable
`center-frequency multibeam satellite-switched router; Pietro deSantis,
`370/95.3, 104.1 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`17. 4,757,495, Jul. 12, 1988, Speech and data multiplexor optimized for
`use over impaired and bandwidth restricted analog channels; Dwight W.
`Decker, et al., 370/76, 69.1 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`18. 4,742,576, May 3, 1988, Optical communication system employing
`coherent detection and method; Donald H. McMahon, 359/126, 168, 182, 183,
`184, 190, 191 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`19. 4,729,949, Mar. 8, 1988, System and methods for cell selection; Arye
`Weinreb, et al., 435/30; 209/38, 397; 210/222, 695; 356/38, 244; 422/101;
`435/34, 173.9, 288.4, 288.7, 308.1; 436/63, 177 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`20. 4,328,902, May 11, 1982, Beverage carrier; Thomas M. North,
`220/23.4, 516 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`21. 3,898,566, Aug. 5, 1975, Method and apparatus for reducing
`distortion in **multicarrier** communication systems; Israel Switzer,'et
`al., 455/4.1; 370/69.1; 455/67.3 [IMAGE AVAILABLE]
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 16
`
`

`
`United States Patent
`Hays et al.
`
`l llll llll |lIII II II li
`Illl Ill 1111 11111
`I IIIII
`ill|
`
`USUUY665J IA
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent:
`
`5,659,891
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`[54] MULTICARRIER TECHNIQUES IN
`BANDLIMITED CHANNELS
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: William D. Hays; Dennis Cameron,
`both of Jackson. Miss.; Walter Roehr,
`Reston, Va.
`
`[73] Assignee: Mobile Telecommunication
`Technologies, Jackson, Miss.
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 480,718
`
`Jun. 7, 1995
`[22] Filed:
`Int. CL.6 ................................
`[51]
`[52] U.S. Cl ...........................
`
`.. .... ... ... ........ . . . HO4B 1/02
`455/103; 455/45; 370/339;
`370/343
`[58] Field of Search ..................................... 455/103, 104,
`455/17, 46, 59, 60, 61, 62, 49.1, 45; 375/260;
`370/69.1, 70, 38, 40, 121; 340/825.44
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,244,047
`5,163,181
`5,343,499
`5,392,452
`
`1/1981 Perkins ..................................... 370/69
`11/1992 Koontz ...................................
`455/103
`8/1994 Jasper et al ............................. 375/39
`2/1995 Davis .................................... 455/38.1
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`47 C.F.R. § 22.106 (1994).
`
`Primary Examiner-Reinhard J. Eisenzopf
`Assistant Examiner-Lee Nguyen
`Attorney, Agent, or Firmn-Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow,
`Garrett and Dunner
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A method of multicarrier modulation using co-located trans-
`mitters to achieve higher transmission capacity for mobile
`paging and two-way digital communication in a manner
`consistent with FCC emission mask limits. Co-location of
`the transmitters obviates the need for stringent, symmetrical
`subchannel interference protection and provides for a wider
`range of operating parameters, including peak frequency
`deviation, bit rate, and carrier frequencies, to obtain optimal
`transmission performance.
`
`1/1970 Chang ................................... 370/69.1
`3,488,445
`3,914,554 10/1975 Seidel .............................. 179/15.55 R
`
`5 Claims, 11 Drawing Sheets
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 17
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 1 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
`0r-
`
`CN
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 18
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 2 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
`CD
`0-
`LL.
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`0N
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`~
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 19
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 3 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 20
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 4 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
`J
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`N
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`N
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 21
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 5 of 11
`
`5,659,891
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 22
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 6 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 23
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 7 of 11
`
`5,659,891
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 24
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 8 of 11
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`5,659,891
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 25
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 9 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
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`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 26
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 10 of 11
`
`5,659,891
`
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`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 1997
`
`Sheet 11 of 11
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`
`

`
`5,659,891
`
`1
`MULTICARRIER TECHNIQUES IN
`BANDLIMITED CHANNELS
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention relates generally to multicarrier
`modulation techniques, and more particularly, to a method
`for operating more than one carrier in a single mask-defined,
`bandlimited channel assigned to mobile paging use.
`
`DISCUSSION OF RELATED ART
`The rising popularity of mobile paging services has
`resulted in increased competition for air time on the limited
`number of radio-frequency channels allocated by the Federal
`Communications Commission (FCC) for mobile paging use.
`As demand begins to approach and even exceed the capacity
`of assigned channels to handle transmission traffic, delays in
`service and deterioration of transmission quality are becom-
`ing a major concern to mobile paging users and providers.
`The ability of mobile paging providers to successfully
`address the problem of transmission saturation is limited by
`the finite range of air space dedicated to mobile paging use.
`Channels assigned by the FCC to radio paging providers
`typically have narrow bandwidths (e.g. 25 kHz) and are
`subject to stringent emission mask limitations.
`One method that can be used to allow greater access to a
`particular channel is to increase the number of messages
`transmitted over the channel in a given period. This can be
`achieved, for example, by increasing the data rate of the
`transmission or by reducing the length of transmitted mes-
`sages. U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,452 issued to Davis, for example,
`describes a high data rate transmission scheme for handling
`lengthy messages in a paging system. Systems employing
`techniques to increase transmission rates, however, are
`prone to higher error rates. In addition, high data rates tend
`to generate greater transmission interference.
`Another approach to addressing the saturation problem is
`to increase the transmission capacity of the channel itself.
`Traditionally, mobile paging providers have operated only
`one transmission signal, or carrier, within an assigned chan-
`nel. While this mode ensures simplicity of operation and
`compliance with FCC mask requirements, it does not pro-
`vide the most efficient use of the limited frequency band-
`width available. Successful multicarrier modulation,
`however, is difficult to achieve without incurring unaccept-
`able levels of interference.
`The problem of interference is compounded when a
`receiver is attempting to acquire a signal from a distant
`transmitter while in close proximity to a transmitter oper-
`ating on an adjacent .channel. In this environment, the
`receiver may experience difficulty in detecting the signal
`from the distant source due to interference from the signal
`transmitted on the adjacent channel from the closer source.
`This is known as the "near-far" problem. This problem can
`be avoided by co-locating the transmitters at essentially the
`same geographic location.
`The FCC requires signals to be confined within emission
`limit masks in order to prevent interference caused by
`signals straying or spilling into adjacent channels. FCC
`masks typically require the power spectral density of a
`signal to be attenuated at least 70 dB at the band edge.
`Despite these stringent constraints, some carrier overlap can
`be expected, even when the maximum carrier spacing con-
`sistent with the FCC mask requirements is utilized. Such
`overlap can result in unacceptable interference of the
`carriers, making it difficult for the receivers to acquire the
`proper carrier.
`
`Thus, a traditional multicarrier design would commonly
`require the same stringent protection levels between sub-
`channels. Specifically, when more than one carrier is oper-
`ating within a single channel, each carrier is traditionally
`5 confined to a submask defining a subchannel internal to the
`channel. The carriers are symmetrically located within the
`channel such that they are evenly spaced relative to each
`other and to the band edges of the primary mask defining the
`primary channel. Although such symmetry achieves maxi-
`10 mum inter-carrier spacing and reduces the opportunity for
`interference among adjacent carriers, it often necessitates
`the need for sophisticated receiver and transmitter schemes.
`
`15
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`It is an object of this invention to achieve higher capacity
`over a bandlimited channel for paging without the need for
`stringent subchannel interference protection. Additional
`objects, advantages, and features of the invention will be set
`forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will
`20 be obvious from the description, or may be learned by
`practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention
`will be realized and attained by means of the instrumentali-
`ties and combinations particularly pointed out in the written
`description and claims herein, as well as the appended
`25 drawings.
`To achieve these and other objects, advantages, and
`features in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as
`embodied and broadly described herein, the invention pro-
`vides a method of operating a plurality of paging carriers in
`30 a single mask-defined, bandlimited channel comprising the
`step of transmitting the carriers from the same location at
`center frequencies within the channel such that the fre-
`quency difference between the center frequency of the outer
`most carriers and the band edge of the mask defining said
`35 channel is more than half the frequency difference between
`the center frequencies of each adjacent carrier.
`In another aspect, the invention provides a method of
`operating at least two paging carriers each in a correspond-
`ing subchannel of a single mask-defined, bandlimited chan-
`40 nel comprising the step of transmitting the carriers from the
`same location with each carrier centrally located in a cor-
`responding subehannel wherein the frequency difference
`between the center frequency of the outer most subchannels
`and the band edge of the mask defining said channel is more
`45 than half the frequency difference between the center fre-
`quencies of each adjacent carrier.
`in another aspect, the invention provides a method of
`operating a plurality of carriers in a single mask-defined,
`bandlimited channel to achieve higher transmission capacity
`50 over the channel in a mobile paging system having a
`plurality of transmitters generating a plurality of modulated
`carriers over a single bandlimited channel and a plurality of
`mobile, independent receiving units capable of receiving
`one of said plurality of carriers. The method comprises the
`55 steps of co-locating the plurality of transmitters such that the
`plurality of carriers can be emanated from the same trans-
`mission source, and transmitting the carriers over a plurality
`of subchannels spaced asymmetrically within the mask
`defining the channel.
`It is to be understood that both the foregoing general
`description and the following detailed description are exem-
`plary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the
`invention, as claimed.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in
`and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several
`
`60
`
`65
`
`Petitioners, Ex. 1012, Page 29
`
`

`
`5,659,891
`
`15
`
`35
`
`3
`embodiments of the invention and together with
`the
`nal or carrier. The outputs of the first and second modulators
`description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
`are fed into first and second RF amplifiers, 23a and 23b,
`In the drawings,
`respectively. The outputs of the RF amplifiers are combined
`into a single output signal by summation circuit 24, the
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a co-located multicarrier
`output of which is applied to antenna 25 for transmission in
`transmitter system in a linear amplifier configuration for 5
`a bandlimited channel.
`using the present invention;
`Alternative embodiments of co-located transmitter sys-
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a co-located multicarrier
`tems are also possible. For example, the co-located trans-
`transmitter system in a composite transmitter configuration
`mitter configurations discussed above can be expanded to
`for using the present invention;
`support more than two data sources and transmit more than
`FIG. 3A is a graph depicting two submasks defining two to
`two carriers in the bandlimited channel.
`subchannels in a single. mask-defined bandlimited channel.
`Because transmitter co-location does not give rise to the
`FIG. 3B is a graph depicting the power spectra of two
`near-far problem to which the FCC mask requirements are
`carriers asymmetrically located within a single mask-
`directed, carrier spacings far closer than would ordinarily be
`defined, bandlimited channel.
`allowed (e.g., 5 to 10 kHz) are achievable. Moreover, the
`FIG. 4 is a graph depicting an exemplary FCC emissions
`carriers need not be symmetrically or evenly spaced within
`mask that requires the power spectral density to be attenu-
`the mask defining the channel. That is, the frequency spac-
`ated at least 70 dB within 10 kHz from center frequency.
`ings between adjacent carriers, while symmetric to each
`FIG. 5A is a graph depicting the power spectra of a system
`other, can be smaller than the frequency spacings between
`with peak deviation of 2400 Hz and data rate of 6000 bits per 20
`the band edges of the mask and the nearest respective carrier.
`second (bps);
`Indeed, carrier spacings may be irregular such that the
`FIG. 5B is a graph depicting the performance of the
`carr